Unit4Exploringpoetry高二英语阅读提升（译林版2020选择性）

Unit4ExploringPoetryUnit4Exploringpoetry必备知识核心词汇imply；patience；constant；logical；reality；representative；fascinate；digup；；makeallowancefor；intheend；payattentionto；distinguish...from...；breathevitalityinto；berepresentativeof；berecognizedas；befascinatedby核心语法非谓语动词语篇诗歌体裁表达演讲稿、人物介绍的语篇特点关键能力对诗歌发表赏析意见从演讲稿中提取主题句，掌握诗歌赏析的基本方法把握“诗歌评论”，提升写作水平学科素养熟悉国内外著名诗人、作品及风格识别英文诗歌中的不同文化元素和寓意核心价值学会从音、意两方面理解和赏析诗歌结合语篇文体特征把握文章大意培养诗歌诵读习惯引言解读Poetryisthelanguageinwhichmanexploreshisownamazement.克里斯托弗·弗莱释义：诗歌是人类探索自己感到惊奇的语言。启示：诗歌的语言及其精练，是人类探索自身思想的根本与精华。青少年要善于思考，不断发掘内心深处隐藏的奥秘。做一个有思想有深度的人。名句积累1．Poetryisthespontaneousoverflowofpowerfulfeelings.诗歌是强烈情感的自发流露。2．Apoetis,beforeanythingelse,apersonwhoispassionatelyinlovewithlanguage.诗人首先是一个对语言充满热爱的人。3．Poetryistherhythmicalcreationofbeautyinwords.诗歌是用文字创造美的有节奏的表达。4．Poetryiswhenanemotionhasfounditsthoughtandthethoughthasfoundwords.诗歌是一种情感找到了它的思想，而思想找到了文字。5．Poetryisthekeytotheunexpected,unlockingthedoorsofperception.诗歌是打开感知之门的意外之钥。在“人与社会”的主题语境下,探讨了“诗歌与诗人”。涉及的语篇类型多样，有诗歌、演讲稿、散文、视频等。旨在帮助学生认识读诗的重要性，掌握读诗的基本方法，体验诗歌的艺术魅力，了解中外著名诗人和诗歌流派的相关知识。语篇品读Rightfromchildhood,EdgarPoe’slifewasriddledwithtrouble.Havinglostbothparentsatagethreeandbeingraisedbyfosterparentshewouldratheravoid,thedarknesssurroundinghislifeseepedthroughthelanguageandtoneofhispoems.Atsomepoint,PoedroppedoutoftheUniversityofVirginiaandenlistedintheUnitedStatesArmy.Thoughover200yearsapart,theBostonbornPoeandShakespeareweresimilarinthewaytheyportrayedadeepunderstandingofthehumanpsycheintheirworks.WewoulddescribePoeasachild’snightmareanda“madman’s”fantasyashedistinguishedhimselfinAmericanliteraturewithhisfondnessforthethemesofdeath,Gothicism,thesubconsciousselfandlove.ManyofPoe’sworkshaveundergonethemostpsychologicalandpsychoanalyticalstudybythelikesofFrenchprincessandauthor,MarieBonaparte.Poe’smostrenownedworksinclude“ToHelen”(1831)and“TheRaven”(1845).TheformerwaswritteninmemoryofthemotherofoneofPoe’schildhoodfriendsuponwhomheharboredintensefeelings.InthepoemheromanticizesHelena’sbeautythroughtheuseofpassionateallusionstoGreekandRomanmythology.Hismasterfuluseofimagerysucceedsintransportinghisaudiencefromtheirownplaceandtimetothepoet’sworld.ThepoemisalludedtoinUrsulaK.LeGuin’soeuvre,“TheNewAtlantis.”Poe’sdarkerpoem,“TheRaven,”takesajourneyintothenarrator’stroubledpsycheafterthedeathofhislover,Lenore.Thepoem’spopularityisperhapsduetoitsrelatabilitytotheaveragereader’sownstrugglewithgrief.ManyofPoe’sworksweremostlikelyinfluencedbyhistraumaticchildhood.全文翻译埃德加·波从小生活就充满了麻烦。三岁时失去双亲，由他宁愿避免的养父母抚养长大，他生活中的黑暗渗透到了诗歌的语言和基调中。在某个时刻，坡从弗吉尼亚大学退学，加入了美国陆军。出生于波士顿的坡和莎士比亚虽然相隔200多年，但他们在作品中对人类心理的深刻理解是相似的。我们可以把坡描述为一个孩子的噩梦和“疯子”的幻想，因为他在美国文学中以对死亡、哥特主义、潜意识自我和爱的喜爱而闻名。爱伦·坡的许多作品都受到了法国公主和作家玛丽·波拿巴等人最为深入的心理学和精神分析研究。坡最著名的作品包括《致海伦》（1831）和《乌鸦》（1845）。前者是为了纪念爱伦·坡儿时一位朋友的母亲而写的，爱伦·坡对这位朋友怀有强烈的感情。在这首诗中，他通过对希腊和罗马神话的热情暗示，将海伦娜的美丽浪漫化。他对意象的巧妙运用成功地将观众从自己的地点和时间带到了诗人的世界。UrsulaK.LeGuin的作品《新亚特兰蒂斯》中提到了这首诗爱伦·坡的黑暗之诗《乌鸦》讲述了叙述者在爱人莱诺去世后陷入困境的心理。这首诗之所以受欢迎，也许是因为它与普通读者自己与悲伤的斗争有关。爱伦·坡的许多作品很可能受到了童年创伤的影响。词块积累1.riddlev.使布满窟窿2.dropout辍学3.nightmaren.噩梦；梦魇4.subconsciousadj.潜意识的5.psychoanalyticaladj.精神分析的6.allusionn.典故7.griefn.悲伤8.traumaticadj.外伤的，损伤的语篇品读TheglamorofChinesepoetryatHangzhouAsianGamesopeningceremonys://globaltimes/（高考题源报刊）ThecolorfullydecoratedopeningceremonyoftheHangzhouAsianGameshasthrilledtheaudiencebothonsiteandaroundtheworldasasixcolorhangingscreenhasbeethekeyfocus,illustratingthevitalityoftheGamesandreignitingtheglamorofChinesepoetry.ThesixcolorsGlowingRed,LaurusYellow,LakeandMountainGreen,RainbowPurple,GlimmeringBlueandMistWhitewereunveiledasthethemecolorsfortheHangzhouGamesin2010.Chinesepoetryisthesourceofinspirationforthethemecolors.CollectivelyentitledHarmonyofColors,withitsChinesenameDanzhuangNongmoinspiredbyapoembySongDynasty(9601279)poetSuShi,eachofthecolorswasinspiredbyapoemdescribingthehostcityHangzhou.RainbowPurple,themaincolornotjustfortheAsianGamesbutalsoforthedecorationsofthecity,wasinspiredbyalinebyTangDynastypoetBaiJuyi(772846)inhispoemMemoriesofJiangnan:"Atsunriseriversideflowersmoreredthanfire;Inspringgreenriverwavesgrowasblueassapphire."LakeandMountainGreen,themostusedcolorforthedecorationsattheopeningceremonyaswellasballsportsgames,wascitedinalinefromapoempennedbyGongZizhen,aliterarymasterintheQingDynasty(16441911).GlimmeringBlue,thecolorforclearskiesandwaterripples,wasinspiredbytheSuShiline:"Thebrimmingwavesdelighttheeyeonsunnydays;Thedimminghillspresentarareviewinrainyhaze."Thecolorwillalsoappearmostlyatwatersportspetitions.GlowingRedwasinspiredbythetransienttwilightdescribedinthepoemTheLakesideTempleatDawn,writtenbySongDynastypoetYangWanli(11271206):"Greenlotusleavesoutspreadasfarastheboundlesssky;Pinklotusblossomstakefromsunshineanewdye."Thecolorismostlyusedinbatsportsevents.LaurusYellow,representingthelaurelflowerandfragrance,wasalsoinspiredbyBai'spoem,indicatinginheritanceandtranscendence.Thecolorwillappearmostlyatathleticevents.MistWhitewasinspiredbythepoetryofLiuYong(9871053),fromtheNorthernSongDynasty(9601127).GuoJinyong,thedesignerofthecolorscheme,saidthecolorandthepoems'correspondencemakethemdistinctive,whichalsofittheflavorofHangzhou.HealsonotedthattheuseofgradientcolorsattheAsianGameshasmadethebinationsvividandclear."Thesehuesareanintervalandgradient,whichontheonehandcorrespondstothethemeof'lightmakeupandthickcolors,'"GuotoldChinesemedia."Therefinementoftheseconceptsgivesthecolorsamoredynamicconnotation."全文翻译杭州亚运会开幕式上中国诗歌的魅力色彩绚丽的杭州亚运会开幕式让现场和世界各地的观众激动不已，六色的吊屏成为焦点，展示了奥运会的活力，重新点燃了中国诗歌的魅力。2010年杭州奥运会的主题色是“耀红”、“乳黄”、“湖山绿”、“彩虹紫”、“闪光蓝”和“雾白”。中国诗歌的主题色彩是灵感的源泉。统称为“色彩和谐”，其中文名称为丹庄农墨，灵感来自宋代诗人苏轼的一首诗，每种颜色的灵感都来自一首描述主办城市杭州的诗。彩虹紫不仅是亚运会的主色，也是城市装饰的主色。它的灵感来源于唐代诗人白居易（772846）在《忆江南》一诗中的一句话：“日出时，江边花比火还红；春天时，绿色的江波长得像蓝宝石一样蓝。”湖光山绿是开幕式和球赛中最常用的装饰颜色，这句话引用了清代文学大师龚自珍（16441911）的一首诗。“碧蓝”是指天空晴朗、水波潺潺的颜色，它的灵感来自于苏轼的一句话：“晴天，波光粼粼，令人赏心悦目；雨天，群山昏暗，景色罕见。”这种颜色也将主要出现在水上运动比赛中。《艳红》的灵感来源于宋代诗人杨万里（11271206）的诗歌《晓湖畔寺》中描写的短暂黄昏：“绿色的荷叶延伸到无垠的天空；粉红色的莲花从阳光中汲取了新的染料。”这种颜色主要用于格斗运动项目。月桂黄，代表月桂的花朵和香气，也受到白诗歌的启发，表示继承和超越。这种颜色将主要出现在体育赛事中。《雾白》的灵感来源于北宋（9601127）刘墉（9871053）的诗歌。配色方案的设计者郭金勇说，色彩和诗歌的对应使它们与众不同，也很符合杭州的味道。他还指出，在亚运会上使用渐变色使组合生动清晰。郭对中国媒体说：“这些色调是一种间隔和渐变，一方面与‘淡妆浓色’的主题相对应。”。“这些概念的提炼赋予了色彩更具活力的内涵。”句式仿写1.尽管历史无法改变,但是我们可以吸取教训来面对未来。Lessonscanbelearnedtofacethefuture,thoughhistorycannotbechanged.2.有家长陪伴时,孩子们才被允许进入体育场。Children,whenacpaniedbytheirparents,areallowedtoenterthestadium.3.当莉莉走进办公室时,她才意识到她把合同落在家里了。OnlywhenLilywalkedintotheofficedidsherealizethatshehadleftthecontractathome.Passage1主题语境主题群话题推荐指数人与社会艺术形式介绍《冬季诗歌分析》的信息★★★MakeeverydayfeelasmagicalasasnowydayinyourmiddleschoolELA(EnglishLanguageArts)classroomwithWinterPoetryAnalysis(分析)!WinterPoetryAnalysisincludesfourclassicwinterpoems,analysisguidelines,lessonplans,fullanswers,andasnowflake(雪花)projectthatcanhanginyourclassroomallwinter!Fourclassicpoems:WinterTreesbyWilliamCarlosWilliamsTheColdEarthSleptBelowbyPercyByssheShelleyStoppingbyWoodsonaSnowyEveningbyRobertFrostBlizzardbyWilliamCarlosWilliamsTPCASTTanalysisworksheets(工作表):Itcanhelpstudentsunderstandeachpoem.TPCASTTstandsfortitle,paraphrase,connotation,attitude/tone,shift,titleandtheme.FullanswersandpictureexamplesofpletedsnowflakeprojectCloudandsnowflakepatternInstructionsforpletingananalysisofpoetrySuggestionsforapplicationStandardsmastered:Listseveralpiecesoftextualevidencetosupportananalysis.Determineathemeorcentralideaofatextandanalyzeitsdevelopment.Analyzehowparticularelementsofastoryinteract.Determinethemeaningofwordsandphrasesasthey’reusedinatext.Analyzehowapoem’sformorstructurecontributestoitsmeaning.Makeyourclassroomfeellikeawinterwonderlandwithclassicwinterpoemsanalysis!1．WhichiscontainedinWinterPoetryAnalysis?A．Wordnumbersinapoem. B．Rewardsforthefirstprize.C．Analysisguidanceforpoems. D．Basictrainingforbeginners.2．Whowrotetwoofthefourclassicpoemsmentionedinthetext?A．RobertFrost. B．PercyByssheShelley.C．WilliamWordsworth. D．WilliamCarlosWilliams.3．Whichofthefollowingisthestandardyoumustmaster?A．Determiningthebackgroundofthewriter’swritingthepoem.B．Confirmingthemeaningofthewordsandphrasesofthepoem.C．paringanotherpoemwiththeoneyouarereadingaboutthetopic.D．Analyzinghowawriter’sexperiencecontributestohispoem’smeaning.【答案】1．C2．D3．B【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了《冬季诗歌分析》的详细信息。1．细节理解题。根据第一段“WinterPoetryAnalysisincludesfourclassicwinterpoems,analysisguidelines,lessonplans,fullanswers,/andasnowflake(雪花)projectthatcanhanginyourclassroomallwinter!(《冬季诗歌分析》包括四首经典的冬季诗歌、分析指导、课程计划、完整答案，以及一个可以挂在教室里整个冬天的雪花项目！)”可知，《冬季诗歌分析》中包含了诗歌分析指导。故选C。2．细节理解题。根据Fourclassicpoems:部分中的“WinterTreesbyWilliamCarlosWilliams(威廉·卡洛斯·威廉姆斯的《冬日树》)”和“BlizzardbyWilliamCarlosWilliams(威廉·卡洛斯·威廉姆斯的《暴雪》)”可知，文中提到的四首经典诗歌中有两首是威廉·卡洛斯·威廉姆斯写的。故选D。3．细节理解题。根据Standardsmastered:部分中的“Determinethemeaningofwordsandphrasesasthey’reusedinatext.(确定单词和短语在文本中的含义。)”可知，你必须掌握的标准是：确认诗中单词和短语的含义。故选B。Passage2主题语境主题群话题推荐指数人与社会文学与生活进入诗歌的基本技巧★★★★Basictipstohelpustrulygetintopoetry4.Inschool,weareusuallytoldthatthewaytoengagewithapoemisbytryingtounderstanditandbeabletowriteanessayaboutit.Actually,thatkeepsusfromreallydevelopingpersonalrelationshipswithpoetry.Don’tworryaboutgettingtherightanswer.5,westillputpressureonourselvestoanswersomeunanswerablequestionsaboutwhatthepoetwastryingtosay.Don’tdoit!Readitoutaloud.Wehavetorememberthatpoetryisanoralartformbeforeanythingelseandthatoraltraditionhasbeenwithusforthousandsandthousandsofyears.Soalotofinformationcanbegainedfromreadingpoemsoutaloud.6:Enjoyingeverywordandeverysyllable,tryingouttheshapesofthewordinourmouths,oractinglikewe’reexplainingsomethingreallydifficulttosomeoneelse.Visualizethepoem.Apoemmightofferusalotofimages,butthereareplentyofblankstofill.7!Thinkofthepoemlikeit’samovieoraplayandwe’rethedirectorandkeepaskingourselves,“Whatkindofsettingisthere?Ifthere’slight,whatkindoflightwoulditbe?Woulditbeindoorsoroutdoors?”8.Again,keepinmindthefirsttwotips:thisisn’tschool,andthereisn’tasingleanswer.Whatweseeiswhatwesee.A．SogoaheadandfillthemB．Don’tlistentoourteachersC．Evenwhenthere’renoformalgradedtestsD．Don’tapproachpoetrylikeit’staughtinschoolE．EvenifwecannotusesuchvisualizingaidsproperlyF．ThesebrainpictureswillhelpustogetalotoutofthepoemG．Asanexercise,wecantryreadingapoemaloudinvariousways【答案】4．D5．C6．G7．A8．F【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了帮助我们真正进入诗歌的基本技巧。4．根据后文“Inschool,weareusuallytoldthatthewaytoengagewithapoemisbytryingtounderstanditandbeabletowriteanessayaboutit.Actually,thatkeepsusfromreallydevelopingpersonalrelationshipswithpoetry.(在学校里，我们通常被告知，理解一首诗的方法是尝试理解它，并能够写一篇关于它的文章。事实上，这阻碍了我们与诗歌建立个人关系)”可知，后文提到了学校里学习诗歌存在的问题，可见本句是在说明不要像学校里教的那样对待诗歌。故D选项“不要像学校里教的那样对待诗歌”符合语境，故选D。5．根据上文“Don’tworryaboutgettingtherightanswer.(不要担心得到正确的答案)”以及后文“westillputpressureonourselvestoanswersomeunanswerablequestionsaboutwhatthepoetwastryingtosay.Don’tdoit!(我们仍然强迫自己回答一些无法回答的问题，关于诗人想要说什么。不要这样做！)”可知，本句构成转折关系，后文提到了我们仍然强迫自己回答一些无法回答的问题，可见本句是在说明即使没有评价的方式。故C选项“即使没有正式的分级考试”符合语境，故选C。6．根据上文“Readitoutaloud.Wehavetorememberthatpoetryisanoralartformbeforeanythingelseandthatoraltraditionhasbeenwithusforthousandsandthousandsofyears.Soalotofinformationcanbegainedfromreadingpoemsoutaloud.(大声读出来。我们必须记住，诗歌是一种口头艺术形式先于其他任何形式，口头传统已经与我们一起数千年了。因此，从大声朗读诗歌中可以获得很多信息)”以及后文“Enjoyingeverywordandeverysyllable,tryingouttheshapesofthewordinourmouths,oractinglikewe’reexplainingsomethingreallydifficulttosomeoneelse.(享受每一个词和每一个音节，在嘴里尝试词的形状，或者假装我们在向别人解释非常困难的事情)”结合本段的主旨是大声朗读诗歌可知，空处建议大声朗读诗歌。G选项中readingapoem对应上文中Readitoutaloud.。故G选项“作为练习，我们可以试着用各种方法大声朗读一首诗”符合语境，故选G。7．根据上文“Visualizethepoem.Apoemmightofferusalotofimages,butthereareplentyofblankstofill.(想象这首诗。一首诗可以给我们提供许多意象，但也有许多空白需要填补)”可知，上文提到去填补意象的空白，A选项中fillthem对应上文中plentyofblankstofill。故A选项“所以去把它们填满吧”符合语境，故选A。8．根据上文“Thinkofthepoemlikeit’samovieoraplayandwe’rethedirectorandkeepaskingourselves,“Whatkindofsettingisthere?Ifthere’slight,whatkindoflightwoulditbe?Woulditbeindoorsoroutdoors?”(把这首诗想象成电影或戏剧，我们是导演，不断问自己，“这首诗的背景是什么样的？如果有光，会是什么样的光？是在室内还是在室外？”)”以及后文“Again,keepinmindthefirsttwotips:thisisn'tschool,andthereisn’tasingleanswer.Whatweseeiswhatwesee.(再次强调，记住前两点：这里不是学校，没有唯一的答案。我们所看到的就是我们所看到的)”可知，上文列举了对诗歌的具体想象，故本句承接上文说明其作用：帮助我们从这首诗中获得很多信息。故F选项“这些脑图将帮助我们从这首诗中获得很多信息”符合语境，故选F。Passage3主题语境主题群话题推荐指数人与社会文学如何进行诗歌创作★★★★Poetryisaninterestingformofwriting.Itisveryfree,hasfew9(restriction)andcanbeagreatwaytoexpressfeelings.Writingapoemisallabout10(observe)theworldwithinyouoraroundyou.11(pose)apoem,firstyoushouldbeginwithanideaorinspiration.Inspirationmayeatanytimeunexpectedly.Itmaybeaspecificperson,placeorthingthatcausessomesortofstrongemotion.Itmaybemoreof12abstractidea.Aftergettingtheidea,youcanwritedowneverything13estomind.Don’tthinkmuchandletallfeelingspourout.Thenyoucanthinkaboutitsformandbegintoorganizethoughts.Poetryesinmanyforms,fromepic(史诗般的)poetrythathasastorytodramaticpoetryintendedtobeperformed.Trythemallout.Onewille14(natural).Whenyouwriteapoem,thinkaboutbothmetre(格律)15rhythmcarefully,whichareequallyimportantinpoetry.Metreisthefixedpatternofthepoem,whilerhythm16(refer)tothesoundwhenitisspoken.Itisalsoimportanttousealotofdescriptivewords.Createimagerywithwords,tryingtomakeit17(attract)toallthesenses.Forauditory(听觉的)interest,trytorepeatsimilarsoundsinasentenceoraphrase.Alloftheseaddlifeandinterest18apoem.【答案】9．restrictions10．observing11．Topose12．an13．that14．naturally15．and16．refers17．attractive18．to【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了如何进行诗歌创作。9．考查名词单复数。句意：它非常自由，几乎没有限制，是表达感情的好方法。空处应填名词作宾语，根据空前的few可知，空处应用所给词的复数形式。故填restrictions。10．考查动名词。句意：写诗就是观察你内心或周围的世界。about为介词，后接observe的动名词形式作宾语。故填observing。11．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了创作一首诗，首先你应该从一个想法或灵感开始。此处表目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填Topose。12．考查冠词。句意：这可能更像是一个抽象的想法。idea“主意，想法”是可数名词，此处表泛指，且abstract的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。13．考查关系代词。句意：得到这个想法后，你可以把脑海中浮现的一切都写下来。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，先行词为everything，应使用关系代词that，故填that。14．考查副词。句意：某一个（类型的诗）自然而然地到来。修饰动词e应用所给词的副词形式，故填naturally。15．考查连词。句意：当你写诗的时候，既要想想韵律，也要仔细把握节奏，这在诗歌中同样重要。both...and...为固定搭配，表示“既……又……”，故填and。16．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：韵律是诗歌的固定模式，而节奏是指诗歌说话时的音调。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语rhythm前面无限定词，在此处作不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填refers。17．考查形容词。句意：用文字创造意象，试图让它对所有感官都有吸引力。此处为“make+宾语+宾补”结构。由句意“有吸引力的”可知，此处应用形容词作宾补。故填attractive。18．考查介词。句意：所有这些都为一首诗增添了生命和趣味。根据add...to...意为“把……添加到……”，为固定短语，且语义相符。故填to。I.教材语篇梳理fortfoodWhatisthetexttypeofthepassage?LecturetranscriptWhoistheauthor?AnexpertPoetrySoundFollowyourearsandask“Howdoesitsound?”SenseApproachthepoemlikeexplorerinanunfamiliarlandscape.Bepatient.Rememberthatitisnotnecessarytofullyunderstandapoemtoappreciateit.MainideaofthetextThetextisabouttheappreciationofthepoetry.II.课文语法填空Morethan(1)othertypeofliterature,poetryisa(2)(bine)of“sound”and“sense”.Itisthehiddenmeaningsbeyondthewordsthatdeservereadersgreateffort.

Firstandforemost,trytodetectthe“sound”ofapoem,thatis,therhymesandrhythms,whichmakethepoem(3)(appeal)toyourear.Secondly,approachthepoemasifyou(4)(be)anexplorerintheunfamiliarsurroundings.Trytoformimagesinyourmindandput(5)together.Thismaybeplexor(6)(contradict),butslowlyyouwillunearthcluesthathelpyouunderstandthepoem.

Then,remembertohavepatience.(7)(interpret)themeaningofapoemmaytakealifetime.Therefore,ifyoufeelithardtounderstandapoem,justsetitaside(8)thetimebeing.Inthenearfuture,whenyoutakeitupagain,youmayconstantlygetthedeepand(9)(previous)unrecognizedmeaning.

Lastbutnotleast,dorememberthatyouneedtoabandonlogicalthinking(10)(appreciate)apoem.

Havethesepointsinmind,andyouwillenjoyyourjourneyintheworldofpoetry.1.any2.bination3.appealing4.were5.them6.contradictory7.Interpreting8.for9.previously10.toappreciate阅读微技能1.Don'tignoreexamples不要忽视举例Allexamplesareprovidedtoillustratetheviewpoint.So,thisviewpointisgenerallyexpressedbeforegivinganexample.Butsometimesaftergivingexamples.Inshort,youmustfindouttheviewpointthattheauthorwantstoillustratewithexamples.2.Payattentiontospecialwords注意特殊单词Payattentiontoafewwords,'yet'indicatesaturningpoint,and'hard'indicatesanegation.Whileissometimesaparison,andsometimesalsoaturningpoint.Whenparing,payattentiontotheobjectsbeingparedandbeclearaboutthem.Whenturning,youneedtoknowwhattheauthorhasmadeaturningpointabout.Passage1主题语境主题群话题推荐指数人与社会文学文学概论课程评分办法★★★★（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiteratureGradingScale90100,A;8089,B;7079,C;6069,D;Below60,E.Essays(60%)Yourfourmajoressayswillbinetoformthemainpartofthegradeforthiscourse:Essay1=10%;Essay2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%.GroupAssignments(30%)Studentswillworkingroupstopletefourassignments(作业)duringthecourse.AlltheassignmentswillbesubmittedbytheassigneddatethroughBlackboard,ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem.DailyWork/InClassWritingsandTests/GroupWork/Homework(10%)Classactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday,butstudentsmustbereadytopleteshortinclasswritingsortestsdrawndirectlyfromassignedreadingsornotesfromthepreviousclass'lecture/discussion,soitisimportanttotakecarefulnotesduringclass.Additionally,fromtimetotimeIwillassigngroupworktobepletedinclassorshortassignmentstobepletedathome,bothofwhichwillbegraded.LateWorkAnessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclassperioditislate.Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.Dailyassignmentsnotpletedduringclasswillgetazero.Shortwritingsmissedasaresultofanexcusedabsencewillbeaccepted.1．Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A．Atextbook. B．Anexampaper. C．Acourseplan. D．Anacademicarticle.2．Howmanypartsisastudent’sfinalgrademadeupof?A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.3．Whatwillhappenifyousubmitanessayoneweekaftertheduedate?A．Youwillreceiveazero. B．Youwilllosealettergrade.C．Youwillbegivenatest. D．Youwillhavetorewriteit.【答案】1．C2．B3．A【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法。1．推理判断题。根据文章标题“GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiterature(文学概论课程评分办法)”和Essays(60%)部分“Yourfourmajoressayswillbinetoformthemainpartofthegradeofforthiscourse(你的四篇主要文章将构成本课程评分的主要部分)”可知，文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法。由此推知，本文是出自一个课程计划。故选C项。2．细节理解题。根据黑体小标题“Essays(60%)”以及“GroupAssignments(30%)”和“DailyWork/InClassWritingsandTests/GroupsWork/Homework(10%)”可知，学生的最终成绩由3部分组成。故选B项。3．推理判断题。根据“LateWork”部分“Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.(如果没有在截止日期后的第4天上交，将会得到零分)”可知，如果在截止日期后一周才交文章，你将会得零分。故选A项。Passage2主题语境主题群话题推荐指数人与社会文学创作写文章的技巧★★★★阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（2022·新高考Ⅱ卷）Writinganessayisadifficultprocessformostpeople.However,theprocesscanbemadeeasierifyoulearntopracticethreesimpletechniques.4Whenyouarefirsttryingtothinkofideasforanessay,putyourpentoyourpaperandwritenonstopfortenorfifteenminuteswithoutlettingyourpenleavethepaper.Staylooseandfree.5Don’tworryaboutgrammarorspelling.Eventhoughthistechniquewon’tworkforeveryone,ithelpsmanypeoplegetagoodstoreofideastodrawon.Thenexttechniqueistowriteyourdraftrapidlywithoutworryingaboutbeingperfect.6Yet,bylearningtolivewithimperfection,youwillsaveyourselfheadachesandawastepaperbasketfullofcrumpled(弄皱)paper.Thinkofyourfirstdraftasapathcutoutofthejungle—aspartofanexploration,notasapletehighway.Thethirdtechniqueistotryprintingoutatriple—spaced(三倍行距)copytoallowspaceforrevision.7Asaresult,thesewritersnevergetinthehabitofcrossingoutchunks(大块)oftheirdraftandwritingrevisionsintheblankspace.Afteryouhaverevisedyourdraftuntilitistoomessytoworkfromanymore,youcanenteryourchangesintoyourwordprocessor.8Theresultingblankspaceinvitesyoutorevise.A．Makesureyourhandwritingisneat.B．Letyourpenfollowthewavesofthought.C．Theseconddraftoftheessayshouldbebetter.D．Firstofall,learnthetechniqueofnonstopwriting.E．Toomanywriterstrytogettheirdraftsrightthefirsttime.F．Manybeginningwritersdon’tleaveenoughspacetorevise.G．Thenyoucanprintoutafreshdraft,againsettingyourtextontriplespace.【答案】4．D5．B6．E7．F8．G【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是写文章的技巧。4．空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的“Whenyouarefirsttryingtothinkofideasforanessay,putyourpentoyourpaperandwritenonstopfortenorfifteenminuteswithoutlettingyourpenleavethepaper.(当你第一次想写一篇文章的时候，把笔放在纸上，不间断地写10到15分钟，不要让笔离开纸。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写，D选项“Firstofall,learnthetechniqueofnonstopwriting.(首先，学习不间断写作的技巧。)”概括了本段的主要内容，可作为主题句，故选D。5．空前说“Staylooseandfree.(保持宽松和自由。)”，空后说“Don’tworryaboutgrammarorspelling.(不要担心语法和拼写。)”，因此空格处应说按心里想的写，自由发挥，B选项“Letyourpenfollowthewavesofthought.(让你的笔跟随思想的波浪。)”说明了按自己的思路和想法来写，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选B。6．空前说“Thenexttechniqueistowriteyourdraftrapidlywithoutworryingaboutbeingperfect.(下一个技巧是快速写草稿，不要担心是否完美。)”，空后说“Yet,bylearningtolivewithimperfection,youwillsaveyourselfheadachesandawastepaperbasketfullofcrumpled(弄皱)paper.(然而，通过学习与不完美共存，你将避免自己的头痛和一个装满皱巴巴的废纸篓。)”，E选项“Toomanywriterstrytogettheirdraftsrightthefirsttime.(太多的作家试图在第一次就把草稿写好。)”中的“gettheirdrafts”和上文的“writeyourdraft”相呼应，说明了有很多人想一次就写好，这是不合理的，要学会允许不完美的存在，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。7．空前说“Thethirdtechniqueistotryprintingoutatriple—spaced(三倍行距)copytoallowspaceforrevision.(第三种方法是打印出三倍行距的副本，以便有修改的空间。)”，F选项“Manybeginningwritersdon’tleaveenoughspacetorevise.(许多初来乍到的作者没有留出足够的修改空间。)”中的“revise”和前面的“revision”一致，指出了新手作者的常见做法，且其中的“Manybeginningwriters”和后文的“thesewriters”相互呼应，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。8．空前说“Afteryouhaverevisedyourdraftuntilitistoomessytoworkfromanymore,youcanenteryourchangesintoyourwordprocessor.(当你修改你的草稿，直到它太乱以至于无法继续工作，你可以把你的修改输入到你的文字处理器中。)”，空后说“Theresultingblankspaceinvitesyoutorevise.(由此产生的空白允许您修改。)”，因此空格处应说输入到文字处理器后应该做什么，G选项“Thenyoucanprintoutafreshdraft,againsettingyourtextontriplespace.(然后你可以打印一份新的草稿，同样将文本设置为三倍行距。)”说的是输入到你的文字处理器后的做法，其中的“triplespace”和后文的“Theresultingblankspace”相呼应，因此G选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G。Passage3主题语境主题群话题推荐指数人与社会生活与学习通过冥想悟出真理★★★★★(2021·天津卷)MybrotherandIareexactlyoneyearapart.Welookliketwins,butwearepletely9.Bythetimewegottomiddleschoolitwasclearthatmyolderbrother10meditation(冥想),whileIwasaborn11whopreferredthetheatrical,evenwhenoffstage.Itookhisrelativesilencetobeoffensive.Wesimplydidn't12.Ididn't13havingatenserelationshipwithmybrotherbecauseIwasinvolvedatschool.14,Ithrewmyselfintotheworldofmusicals.Ipractisedsinginginthebedroomeverydaytoremainatmybestandbe15forroles;mybrotherwouldmeditateonawindowseat.Hemightfeelhighschoolwasalreadyhardenough16mynoisysinging.Sospacetopractisebecamea（n）17betweenusbecausewesharedaroom.Atthestartofthesemester,Ipractised“CircleofLife"foramusical.ThiswasthefirsttimeI18tolearnasong,becausemyvoicecracked(破音)asIswitchedtoaheadvoice.Iwasannoyedinthatperiodand19practising,declaringIhadreachedtheceilingofmysingingcareer.Forthefirsttimeinyearsmybrother20quietwhenIgothome.Aftertwodaysofthis,mybrotheraskedmeto21himinmeditation.Feelingmyangeratmyinabilitytomanagethissong22,Iaccepted.Mybrothersaid,"Whenyourmindfloatsaway,yousimplyeback.Don'tblameyourself"Igotthemessage,anditsoonbecamemynew23.Ikepttryingatthesong,nolongergetting24atmyself.Andjustintimeforthetrialperformance,Iwasableto25powerinmysingingdespitetheswitchtoaheadvoice.Itwasimportantformetolearnthatyoudon'thavetoalwaysgeteverything26thefirsttimeandthatgoodthingsewithcontinual27.Inowunderstandwhymybrotherfavoursthe28.9．A．mature B．different C．content D．normal10．A．disliked B．preferred C．replaced D．abandoned11．A．writer B．leader C．painter D．performer12．A．getalong B．dropby C．showoff D．checkin13．A．try B．mind C．enjoy D．delay14．A．Inparticular B．Invain C．Inreturn D．Intheory15．A．humorous B．ordinary C．petitive D．grateful16．A．above B．below C．near D．without17．A．issue B．contrast C．agreement D．balance18．A．struggled B．expected C．promised D．decided19．A．began B．allowed C．stopped D．continued20．A．hated B．experienced C．accepted D．wanted21．A．help B．invite C．join D．admire22．A．gracefully B．suddenly C．fiercely D．cautiously23．A．limit B．sentence C．mistake D．philosophy24．A．rude B．angry C．surprised D．excited25．A．lose B．share C．reduce D．maintain26．A．wrong B．right C．back D．down27．A．luck B．absence C．effort D．fear28．A．fight B．noise C．quiet D．s