湖南省长沙市高塘岭镇第一中学2022年高二英语上学期期末试卷含解析

湖南省长沙市高塘岭镇第一中学2022年高二英语上学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.MillionsofRMByuan’sworthofdamagetotheenvironment______bythepoisonouschemicalthatflewintotheriver.A.beingcaused

B.hasbeencausedC.becaused

D.caused参考答案：B略2.—Ohno!We’retoolate.Thetrain______.—______.That’sOK.We’llcatchthenexttraintoLondon.

A.wasleaving

B.hadleft

C.hasleft

D.hasbeenleaving参考答案：C略3.—IhearMaryhasgonetoParisforherholiday.—Oh,hownice!Doyouknowwhenshe

?A.hadleft

B.leaves

C.hasleft

D.left参考答案：D4.—ThisbookbyTonyGarrisonisofgreatuseforourcourse.—ButIthinkthislatestoneis________worthreading.A．betterB．more

C．most

D．very参考答案：A5.Bears______fatstoresthroughoutthesummerandfalltohaveenergyenoughtolastthemthroughwintersleep.A.buildup

B.packup

C.bringup

D.takeup参考答案：A6.Agoodideacametoher__________shecouldlivewithherbestfriendinthatcityduringtheholiday.A．if

B．when

C．that

D．which参考答案：C略7.

wecanpassthecomingexaminationwillmainlydependon

welearnand

welearnit.

A.Whether;what;how

B.That;whether;why

C.If;how;that

D.Why;that;how参考答案：B略8.IaskedherifshewouldattendBarbara’spartytobeheldthenextweek,butshemadeno______.A.response

B.explanationC.concept

D.affection参考答案：A【分析】考查名词辨析。【详解】句意为：我问她是否会参加下周举办的Barbara的晚会，她没有回答。A.response回复

B.explanation解释C.concept概念

D.affection喜爱，故选A。9.Hefelt

ofcheatingintheexam,decidingnevertodosuchthingsagain. A.shame B.ashamed C.sorry D.shameful参考答案：B试题分析：考查固定词组。be/feelashamedof因……而羞愧,符合题意。shame不用于此结构;sorry应与介词for连用;shameful用来形容事物,表示“令人感到可耻的”。故选B。10.---DoyoumindifIopenthewindow?---________Ifeelabitcold.A.Ofcoursenot.

B.I’dratheryoudidn’t.C.Goahead.

D.Whynot?参考答案：B试题分析：考查交际用语。A当然不；B我宁愿你不要这样做；C去做吧；D为什么不？句意：—你介意我打开窗户吗？—我宁愿你不要这样做。我感觉有点冷。根据Ifeelabitcold.说明我不愿意你打开窗户，故B正确。11.Aftertheprofessor,____theproject,madeacommentonthereport,themediafocusedonit.

A.wasopposedtocarryout

B.opposedtocarryout

C.opposecarryingout

D.opposedtocarryingout参考答案：D12.Itissaidthathismissingpaintingswere_____thepossessionofRussiansandtheywerevalued_____$500,000.A.in;to

B.in;at

C.under;at

D.to;for参考答案：B13.Chinaisgoinggreen.Inordertoreduceairpollutionandoil-shortages,automobilemanufacturershaveannouncedtheirplanstodevelophybridvehicles(混合燃料汽车)fortheChinesemarket.Toyota’shybridcarPriuswillbereadytodriveinChinathisweek.Let’shavealookatthenewcar.Anyvehicleisahybridwhenitcombinestwoormoresourcesofpower.Hybridcarsrunoffarechargeablebatteryandgasoline.Hybridcarshavespecialengines,whicharesmallerthantraditionalgasolineengines.Theyrunat99percentoftheirpowerwhenthecariscruising(匀速行驶).Aspeciallydesignedbatterymotorprovidesextrapowerforrunninguphillsorwhenextraaccelerationisneeded.StepintoaPrius,andturnontheengine.Thefirstthingyounoticeishowmuchquieteritisthanatraditionalcar.Atthispoint,thecar’sgasolineengineisdormant(休眠).Theelectricmotorwillprovidepoweruntilthecarreachesabout24km/h.Ifyoustayatalowspeed,youareeffectivelydrivinganelectriccar,withnogasolinebeingused,andnowastegasgivesoff.Theonboard(车载的)computermakesthedecisionaboutwhentouseagasengine,whentogoelectric,andwhentouseacombinationofthetwo.Ifyougoover24km/h,whenyousteponthegaspedal(油门),youareactuallytellingthecomputerhowfastyouwanttogo.Theelectronicmotorrechargesautomaticallyusingasetofbatteries.Whendrivingathighspeed,thegasolineenginenotonlypowersthecar,butalsochargesthebatteries.Anytimeyouusethebrake,theelectricmotorinthewheelswillworklikeageneratorandproduceelectricitytorechargethebatteries.Asaconsequence,thecar’sbatterieswilllastforaround200,000miles.54.Theauthorwritesthispassagemainlyto

.A.teachpeoplehowtodriveahybridcar

B.introduceanewkindof“green”carC.showhowtosavetheirgasolinewhendrivingacarD.announceplanstodevelophybridvehiclesforChina55.Thefirstsentenceprobablyrefersto

.A.therewillbemoreandmoregreenlandinChinaB.ChinaisstillyoungandlackingexperienceC.China’snewcarsarecombinationsofdifferentgreenmodelsD.Chinahasstartedproducingenvironmentallyfriendlycars56.WhichofthefollowingsisNOTtrue?A.Thehybridcarsreduceairpollutionandoil-shortages.B.Thecar’sgasolineenginedoesn’tworkuntilitreachesabout24km/h.C.Thiskindofcariscompletelycontrolledbyanonboardcomputer.D.Aspeciallydesignedbatterymotorprovidesextrapowerwhenneeded.57.WhatistheMOSTimportantcharacteristicofhybridcars?A.Theyarepoweredbybotharechargeablebatteryandgasoline.B.Theyaremuchquieterthantraditionalcars.C.Theyonlyuse99percentoftheirpowertorunuphills.D.Theyhavesmallerenginesthantraditionalgasolineones.参考答案：BDCA14.Withhismoney_________,hecouldnotgohomeandhadtolieonthestreet.

A.usingup B.missed C.runningout D.runout参考答案：C15.Irushedtotherailwaystation,only________thetrainhadgone.A.finding

B.havingfound

C.tofind

D.tohavefound参考答案：C考查非谓语。“only+不定式”表示的是意料之外的结果，意思是“竟然……或结果……”。句意：我匆匆忙忙赶到火车站，结果发现火车已经开走了。不定式的完成时常表示其动作发生于谓语动词之前。故选C。16.TolearntospeakEnglishwell,_____.

A.muchpracticeisneeded

B.oneneedsmuchpractice

C.muchpracticeisneededbyone

D.oneisneededmuchpractice参考答案：B17.Sittingatthebackoftheroombutinfrontofsomeoldmenandwomen

averyshygirlwithtwobrighteyes.

A.was

B.are

C.were

D.therewas参考答案：A略二、新的题型18.Youprobablyknowthatexerciseisthekeytoreducingdepression,butyoumightnotknowwhy.Herearesometipsforexercisingwhenyou’redepressed.Changeyourviewof“exercise”.Forget“exercise”.Instead,think“beingactive”or“havingfun”.___16___Besides,itgivesyouabiggerbenefit.___17___Takingpartinphysicalactivitieswithotherssupportsyouindoingthoseactivities.Askfriendswhatactivitiesthey’redoingortheywouldliketostartdoing,andjointhem.Otherchoicesincludehiringapersonaltrainer,joininganexercisegrouporgoingtoaclass.Tryanexperiment.___18___OrgotothegymeveryMonday,WednesdayandFriday.Evenifyou’refeelingtootiredtodoanyactualexercise,stillgotothegym,parkyourcar,walkin,chageintoworkoutclothes,andpickupa5-poundweight.Ifyou’rereallysotiredthatyoudon’twanttodoanythingelse,that’stotallyfine.Takeitoutside.Naturehasagreateffectonourfeelinganddecreasesdepressivesymptoms.Evenjustlookingatimagesoflakesandtreeshelps.___19___Orwalkonatreadmill(跑步机)byawindow.Tieittoagoal.Korbsaid,“Whenyouconnectyourexercisetoalong-termgoal,ithelpsyourbrainforgetmomentarydiscomfortandmakesyourexercisemoresatisfying.”Forexample,Korbstartedgettingactivebecauseitmadeplayingsportsmoreenjoyable.Figureoutwhat’strulyimportanttoyou.___20___A.Movewithsomeoneelse.B.Signupandgotoexerciseclasses.C.It’saloteasiertodosomethingsimple.D.Remindyourselfofyourgoalregularly.E.Rememberyourpartnertokeepyoucompany.F.Takeawalkaroundyourneighbourhoodoralocalpark.G.Thisincreasesyourchancesofactuallymovingyourbody.参考答案：16.G

17.A

18.B

19.F

20.D本文是一篇说明文，锻炼是减少压抑的关键，文章中给出了五条锻炼的具体建议。【16题详解】横线前一句中“Instead,think“beingactive”or“havingfun”.提及的“beingactive”和“havingfun”都是表示积极含义的词，这些词可以增加人们参加锻炼的可能性。G项“Thisincreasesyourchancesofactuallymovingyourbody.”符合语境，所以选择G项。【17题详解】本段第一句“Takingpartinphysicalactivitieswithotherssupportsyouindoingthoseactivities.”建议我们要和他人一起参加体育锻炼，与A项“Movewithsomeoneelse.”语意一致，所以选择A项。【18题详解】横线后半句“OrgotothegymeveryMonday,WednesdayandFriday.”属于另外一种锻炼的方法：定期锻炼。与B项“Signupandgotoexerciseclasses.”语意一致，所以选择B项。【19题详解】横线前两句“Naturehasagreateffectonourfeelinganddecreasesdepressivesymptoms.Evenjustlookingatimagesoflakesandtreeshelps.”告诉我们自然可以减少压抑征状，甚至只要看看湖泊和树也会有帮助。F项“Takeawalkaroundyourneighborhoodoralocalpark”与本段主旨相符，所以选择F项。【20题详解】本段的主题是“Tieittoagoal.”人们锻炼都要有目标，要经常提醒自己注意达成目标。D项“Remindyourselfofyourgoalregularly.”与本段中心思想一致，所以选择D项。三、阅读理解19.Researchonembryonicstemcells(胚胎干细胞)isdebatablebecauseitrequiresthedestructionoflivehumanembryos.Supportersfinditeasytominimizethesignificanceofthisfactbecausetheembryosareonlyafewdaysold—nothingmorethan“blastocysts(胚泡)”.Butifit’sOKtodestroy5-day-oldembryostofurtherscientificinquiry,isitOKtodestroyembryosthatarefiveweeksold?Fivemonths?Eightmonths?Sciencecan’tanswerthatquestion.Youdon’thavetobepartofthepro-lifegrouptohaveconcernsaboutthiskindofscientificresearch.JamesThomson,theUniversityofWisconsinbiologisthassaid,“Ifhumanembryonicstemcellresearchdoesnotmakeyouatleastalittlebituncomfortable,youhavenotthoughtaboutitenough.”However,thepresident’snewordersuggestsweshouldnotthinktoomuch.Recently,supportersofembryonicstemcellresearchcalledonpresidenttoallowexperimentsusing“surplus(多余的)”fiftyfrozenembryosinfertilityclinics,arguingthattheywouldbedisposedofanyway.ButObamadidn’tlimithisnewpolicytothesefertilizedeggs.Onthecontrary,heleftopenthepossibilityoffundingstudiesusingembryoscreatedspecificallysotheircellscanbeharvested.Hedid,however,rejectanotheroption.“Wewillensure,”hesaid,“thatourgovernmentneveropenthedoortotheuseofcloningforhumanreproduction.Itisdangerous,profoundlywrongandhasnoplaceinoursociety,oranysociety.”Butthispositionishardtosquarewithhisclaimedapproach.Ononehand,thepresidentsayshispolicyis“aboutlettingscientistsdotheirjobs,freefrompressure”.Ontheother,hewillusepressuretokeepthemfromdoingreproductivecloning.Whatthispolicymeansissimple:Itmaybepermissibleforscientiststocreateclonedembryosandkillthem.It’snotpermissibletocreateclonedembryosandletthemlive.Theircellsmaybeusedforourbenefit,butnotfortheirown.It’sthepolicythatisriskynotjusttodays-oldhumanembryos.Therestofusaresuretoreceiveimportantmedicalbenefitsfromthisresearchoneday.Butwemaylosesomethingevenmoreimportantinamoralsense.32.It’simpliedinthefourthparagraphthatpro-lifegroup________.A.supporttheresearchonembryonicstemcellsB.don’tagreewithanykindofscientificresearchC.agreewithJamesThomson’sopinionD.rarelythinkoftheconsequencesofembryonicstemce