2022 年全国研究生入学考试英语押题试卷(一)

2022年全国研究生入学考试英语押题试卷

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Duringthe1980s,unemploymentandunderemploymentinsome

countrieswasashighas90percent.Somecountriesdidnot1enough

food；basicneedsinhousingandclothingwerenot2.Manyofthese

countrieslookedtotheindustrialprocessesofthedeveloped

nations3solutions.

4,problemscannotalwaysbesolvedbycopyingthe

industrializednations.Industryinthedevelopednationsishighly

automatedandvery5.Itprovidesfewerjobsthanlabor-intensive

industrialprocesses,andhighly6workersareneededto7and

repairtheequipment.Theseworkersmustbetrained,8manynations

donothavethenecessarytraininginstitutions.Thus,the9of

importingindustrybecomeshigher.Studentsmustbesentabroadto

10vocationalandprofessionaltraining.11,justtobegintraining,

thestudentsmust12learnEnglish,French,German,orJapanese.

Thestudentsthenspendmanyyearsabroad,and13donotreturnhome.

Allnationsagreethatscienceandtechnology14beshared.The

pointis,countries15theindustrialprocessesofthedeveloped

nationsneedtolookcarefully16thecosts,becausemanyofthese

costsare17.Studentsfromthesenationsshould18theproblems

oftheindustrializedcountriesclosely.19care,theywilltake

homenottheproblemsofscienceandtechnology,20thebenefits.

1.[A]generate[B]raise[C]produce[D]manufacture

2.[A]answered[B]met[C]calculated[D]remembered

3.[A]for[B]without[C]as[D]about

4.[A]Moreover[B]Therefore[C]Anyway[D]However

5.[A]expensive[B]mechanical[C]flourishing[D]

complicated

6.[A]gifted[B]skilled[C]trained[D]skillful

7.[A]keep[B]maintain[C]retain[D]protect

8.[A]since[B]so[C]and[D]yet

9.[A]charge[B]price[C]cost[D]value

10.[A]accept[B]gain[C]receive[D]absorb

11.[A]Frequently[B]Incidentally[C]Occasional![D]

Eventually

12.[A]soon[B]quickly[C]immediately[D]first

13.[A]some[B]others[C]several[D]few

14.[A]might[B]should[C]would[D]will

15.[A]adopting[B]conductin[C]receiving[D]

adjusting

16.[A]to[B]at[C]on[D]about

17.[A]small[B]secret[C]obvious[D]hidden

18.[A]tackle[B]learn[C]study[D]deal

19.[A]In[B]Through[C]With[D]Under

20.[A]except[B]no[C]or[D]but

二、阅读理解题（每题1分，共20分）选择以下答案中正确的一个，

选择您认为正确的答案

Textl

Perhapsnopoet“scareerwasmorecloselyassociatedwiththe

Imagist（印象派）movementthanwasthatofH.D.（HildaDoolittle）.

Herverse,withitsprecise,clearimages,typifiedtheimagists

rebellionagainstwhattheyperceivedasthesentimentalismand

carelesstechniquesofnineteenth-centurypoetry.

H.D.attendedprivateschoolsinPhiladelphiaandthenBryan

MawrCollege.Theloveofclassicalantiquitysheacquiredduring

theseyearslatersurfacedinthemanyreferencesinherpoetryto

figuresfromGreekandEgyptianmythologyandinherclassical

notionsofbeautyandform.WhileinPhiladelphiashealsobegan

makingfriendshipswithEzraPound,WilliamCarlosWilliams,and

HarrietMonroe.

In1911,H.D.sailedforEurope,wherehercareerbegan.Soon

afterarrivinginLondon,sherenewedherfriendshipwithPoundand

metandmarriedRichardAldington,anImagistpoetandnovelistwho

alsodirectlyinfluencedtheshapeofherwriting.Shebeganwriting

shortpoemsthatsoimpressedPoundwiththeirprecisedescription

anddictionthatheinsistedshesubmitthemtoHarrietMonroe”

sPoetrymagazinesigned"H.D.,Imagist."Shepersistedinusing

herinitialsfortheremainderofhercareercloselylinkedtothe

Imagistrebellionagainstmoretraditionalpoetry.

Theclear,spare,andenergeticlyricsofH.D."searlypoems,

withtheirclassicalimages,laterbecamefuller,freer,andmore

"open"philosophicexplorationsoftheworld.Bythedestruction

oftheSecondWorldWarthatshewitnessedevokeddeepervisions

oftherelationshipofancienttruthstomodernrealities.That

visionisexpressedinsuchworksasTruiolgy(三部曲)(1946),Helen

inEgypt(1961),andherlastwork,HermeticDefinition(1961).

H.D.”sindustryandliteralachievementarejustbeginningto

berecognizedandappreciated.Inadditiontoherpoetry,shewrote

severalnovels,includingPalimpsest（重写本）（1926）,Heylus（1928）,

andBidMetoLive（I960）.Manyofherotherpoems,essays,and

shortstorieshavebeenpublishedposthumously.

21、Themaintopicofthepassageismost

probably.（此题分值：1分）

「正确答案」B

[A]H.D."searlyworks

[B]H.D."scontributionstoaliterarymovement

[C]Theinfluenceofnineteenth-centurypoetryonH.D."swork

[D]TheroleofmythologyinH.D."spoetry

22、Accordingtothepassage,theImagistsrevoltedagainst

earlierpoets“emphasison.（此题分值：1分）

「正确答案」D

[A]stricttechnique

[B]theclassic

[C]beautyandform

[Diemotion

23、H.D.wasencouragedtosubmitherworktoPoetrymagazine

by（此题分值：1分）

「正确答案」B

[A]RichardAldington[B]EzraPound[C]HarrietMonroe

[D]WilliamCarlosWilliams

24、ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatH.D."s

work.（此题分值：1分）

「正确答案」D

[A]discussedpersonalrelationships

[B]wastypicalofnineteenth-century

[C]wasdifficulttounderstand

[D]becamemorewidelyknownafterherdeath

25、Theword“posthumously”（line4,para.5）mostprobably

means.（此题分值：1分）

「正确答案」C

[A]inthelateryearsoftheauthor

[B]withoutcreatingasensation

[C]afterthedeathoftheauthor

[D]afterthepublicationofotherworks

Text2

Archaeologyisasourceofhistory,notjustahumbleauxiliary

discipline.Archaeologicaldataarehistoricaldocumentsintheir

ownright,notmereillustrationstowrittentexts.Justasmuch

asanyotherhistorian,anarchaeologiststudiesandtriesto

reconstitutetheprocessthathascreatedthehumanworldinwhich

welive-andusourselvesinsofarasweareeachcreaturesof

ourageandsocialenvironment.Archaeologicaldataareallchanged

inthematerialworldresultingfromhumanactionor,more

succinctly,thefossilizedresultsofhumanbehavior.Thesumtotal

oftheseconstituteswhatmaybecalledthearchaeologicalrecord.

Thisrecordexhibitscertainpeculiaritiesanddeficienciesthe

consequencesofwhichproducearathersuperficialcontrastbetween

archaeologicalhistoryandthemorefamiliarkindbasedupon

writtenrecords.

Notal1humanbehaviorfossilizes.ThewordsIutterandyou

hearasvibrationsintheairarecertainlyhumanchangesinthe

materialworldanymaybeofgreathistoricalsignificance.Yetthey

leavenosortoftraceinthearchaeologicalrecordsunlessthey

arecapturedbyaDictaphoneorwrittendownbyaclerk.Themovement

oftroopsonthebattlefieldmayuchangethecourseofhistory

”,butthisisequallyephemeralfromthearchaeologist“sstandpoint.Whatis

perhapsworseisthatmostorganicmaterialsareperishable.Everythingmadeof

wood,hide,wool,linen,grass,hair,andsimilarmaterialswilldecayandvanishin

dustinafewyearsorcenturies,saveunderveryexceptionalconditions.Ina

relativelybriefperiodthearchaeologicalrecordisreducedtomerescrapsof

stone,bone,glass,metal,andearthenware.Stillmodernbyafewluckyfindsfrom

peatbogs,deserts,andfrozensoils,isabletofillupagooddealofthegap.

31、Accordingtothepassage,thearchaeologicalrecord

consistsof.（此题分值：1分）

「正确答案」a

[a]spokenwordsofgreathistoricalsignificance

[b]thefossilizedresultsofhumanactivity

[c]organicmaterials

[d]ephemeralideas

32、Theword“they”inline13refersto（此

题分值：1分）

「正确答案」b

[a]scraps[b]words[c]troops[d]humans

33、Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasanexampleof

anorganicmaterial?（此题分值：1分）

「正确答案」a

[a]stone.[blwool.[c]grass.[d]hair.

34、Theauthormentionsallofthefollowingarchaeological

discoverysitesexcept.（此题分值：1分）

「正确答案」a

[a]urbanareas[b]petbogs

[c]veryhotanddrylands[d]earththathasbeenfrozen

35、Theparagraphfollowingthepassagemostprobably

discusses.（此题分值：1分）

「正确答案」c

[a]techniquesforrecordingoralhistories

[b]certainbattlefieldexcavationmethods

[c]somespecificarchaeologicaldiscoveries

[d]buildingmaterialsofthenineteenthandtwentieth

centuries

三、单项选择题（每题2分，共10分）选择以下答案中正确的一个，

选择您认为正确的答案。

LongbeforeManlivedontheEarth,therewerefishes,reptiles,

birds,insects,andsomemammals.Althoughsomeoftheseanimals

wereancestorsofkindslivingtoday,othersarenowextinct,that

is,theyhavenodescendantsalivenow.

4DVeryoccasionallytherocksshowimpressionofskin,sothat,

apartfromcolor,wecanbuildupareasonablyaccuratepictureof

ananimalthatdiedmillionsofyearsago.Thatkindofrockinwhich

theremainsarefoundtellsusmuchaboutthenatureoftheoriginal

land,oftenoftheplantsthatgrewonit,andevenofitsclimate.

42)Nearlyal1ofthefossilsthatweknowwerepreserved

inrocksformedbywateraction,andmostoftheseareofanimals

thatlivedinornearwater.Thusitfollowsthattheremustbemany

kindsofmammals,birds,andinsectsofwhichweknownoting.

43)Therewerealsocrablikecreatures,whosebodieswere

coveredwithahornysubstance.Thebodysegmentseachhadtwopairs

oflegs,onepairforwalkingonthesandybottom,theotherfor

swimming.Theheadwasakindofshieldwithapairofcompoundeyes,

oftenwiththousandsoflenses.Theywereusuallyaninchortwo

longbutsomewere2feet.

44)Ofthese,theammonitesareveryinterestingand

important.Theyhaveashellcomposedofmanychambers,each

representingatemporaryhomeoftheanimal.Astheyounggrew

largeritgrewanewchamberandsealedoffthepreviousone.

ThousandsofthesecanbeseenintherocksontheDorsetCoast.

45)About75millionyearsagotheAgeofReptileswasover

andmostofthegroupsdiedout.Themammalsquicklydeveloped,and

wecantracetheevolutionofmanyfamiliaranimalssuchasthe

elephantandhorse.Manyofthelatermammalsthoughnowextinct,

wereknowntoprimitivemanandwerefeaturedbyhimincave

paintingsandonbonecarvings.

[A]Theshellfishhavealonghistoryintherockandmany

differentkindsareknown.

[B]Nevertheless,weknowagreatdealaboutmanyofthembecause

theirbonesandshellshavebeenpreservedintherocksasfossils,

Fromthemwecantelltheirsizeandshape,howtheywalked,the

kindoffoodtheyate.

[C]Thefirstanimalswithtruebackboneswerethefishes,first

knownintherocksof375millionyearsago.About300millionyears

agotheamphibians,theanimalsabletolivebothonlandandin

water,appeared.Theyweregiant,sometimes8feetlong,andmany

ofthemlivedintheswampypoolsinwhichourcoalseam,orlayer,

orformed.Theamphibiansgaverisetothereptilesandfornearly

150millionyearstheseweretheprincipalformsoflifeonland,

inthesea,andintheair.

[D]Thebestindexfossilstendtobemarinecreature.There

animalsevolvedrapidlyandspreadoverlargeoverlargeareasof

theworld.

[E]Theearliestanimalswhoseremainshavebeenfoundwereall

verysimplekindsand1ivedinthesea.Laterformaaremorecomplex,

andamongthesearethesea-lilies,relationsofthestar-fishes,

whichhadlongarmsandwereattachedbyalongstalktothesea

bed,ortorocks.

[F]Whenananimaldies,thebody,itsbones,orshell,mayoften

becarriedawaybystreamsintolakesortheseaandthereget

coveredupbymud.Iftheanimallivedintheseaitsbodywould

probablysinkandbecoveredwithmud.Moreandmoremudwouldfal1

uponituntilthebonesorshellbecomeembeddedandpreserved.

[G]Manyfactorscaninfluencehowfossilsarepreservedin

rocks.Remainsofanorganismmaybereplacedbyminerals,dissolved

byanacidicsolutiontoleaveonlytheirimpression,orsimply

reducedtoamorestableform.

41、（此题分值：2分）

「正确答案」B

42、（此题分值：2分）

「正确答案」F

43、（此题分值：2分）

「正确答案」E

44、（此题分值：2分）

「正确答案」A

45、（此题分值：2分）

「正确答案」C

四、翻译题（每题2分，共10分）请将正确答案填入下面的输入框，

修改无误后点“提交”。

46）Themainimpressiongrowingoutoftwelveyearsonthe

facultyofamedicalschoolisthattheNo.1healthprobleminthe

U.S.today,evenmorethanAIDSorcancer,isthatAmericansdon”

tknowhowtothinkabouthealthandillness.Ourreactionsare

formedontheterrorlevel.Wefeartheworst,expecttheworst,

thusinvitetheworst.Theresultisthatwearebecominganation

ofweaklingsandhypochondriacs（自疑有病者），aself-medicating

societyincapableofdistinguishingbetweencasual,everyday

symptomsandthosethatrequireprofessionalattention.

Somewhereinourearlyeducationwebecomeaddictedtothe

notionthatpainmeanssickness.47）Wefailtolearnthatpainis

thebody“swayofinformingthemindthatwearedoingsomething

wrong,notnecessarilythatsomethingiswrong.Wedon“tunderstand

thatpainmaybetellingusthatweareeatingtoomuchorthewrong

things；orthatwearesmokingtoomuchordrinkingtoomuch；or

thatthereistoomuchemotionalcongestioninourlives；orthat

wearebeingworndownbyhavingtocopedailywithovercrowded

streetsandhighways,thepoundingnoiseofgarbagegrinders,or

thecosmicdistancebetweentheentrancetotheairportandthe

departuregate,wegetthemessageofpainallwrong.48)Instead

ofaddressingourselvestothecause,webecomepushoversforpills,

drivingthepainundergroundandinvitingittoreturnwith

increasedauthority.

49)Earlyinlife,too,webecomeseizedwiththebizarreidea

thatweareconstantlyassaultedbyinvisiblemonsterscalledgerms,

andthatwehavetobeonconstantalerttoprotectourselvesagainst

theirfury.Equalemphasis,however,isnotgiventothepresiding

factthatourbodiesaresuperblyequippedtodealwiththelittle

demons,andthatthebestwayofforestallinganattackisto

maintainasensiblelife-style.

Themostsignificantsinglestatementabouthealthtoappear

inthemedicaljournalsduringthepastdecadeisbyDr.Franz

Ingelfinger,thelateandformereditoroftheNewEnglandJournal

ofMedicine.Ingelfingernotedthatalmostallillnessesare

self-1imiting.Thatis,thehumanbodyiscapableofhandlingthem

withoutoutsideintervention.

50）Thethrustofthearticlewasthatweneednotfeelweare

helplessifdiseasetriestotearawayatourbodies,andthatwe

canhavegreaterconfidenceintherealityofahealingsystemthat

isbeautifullydesignedtomeetmostofitsproblems.Andevenwhen

ou