北京市房山区2022年高二《英语》上学期期末试题与参考答案

北京市房山区2022年高二《英语》上学期期末试题及答案第一部分：语言知识运用第一节语法填空AResearchsuggestssuccessisn'tsimplytheresultofahighIQ.Salovey,___1___inventedthetermEQindicatesthatatwork,IQgetsyouhiredbutEQgetsyoupromoted.___2___(support)byhisresearch,hesuggestswhenpredictingsomeone’sfuturesuccess,theircharactermightactuallymattermorethantheirIQ.Andmostscientists___3___(agree)thataperson’sEQisnotdeterminedbybirthbuthasalottodowitheducation.BStartingwithanorchestraplaying___4___(tradition)Chineseinstruments,theoperabroughtacompletelynewsoundtomyWesternears.___5___(See)themaincharacterscomeonstage,Iwassurprised!The___6___(voice)soundedreallyunique,someofwhichweresohigh___7___Iwassuretheycouldbreakglass!Usingsuchtechniques,theoperahadtransformedasmallstageintothewholeuniverse.CJinexperiencedcultureshockwhenshestudiedabroad.Onceshe___8___(invite)toanAmericanfamilydinner.Afterasplendidevening,shegotreadytoleave.Assoonastheysaidgoodbye,thehostwentbacktohisroomclosingthedoor___9___him.ItmadeJinfeelthatshewasnotreallywelcome.TherewasanotherembarrassingexperienceforJin.Oneday,whenshewasenjoyingherdessertandtalkingtoherfriendinarestaurant,shenoticedpeoplestaringatthemcuriously.Latersheknewitwasrudetospeak____10____(loud)inpublicinAmerica.第二节完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。DearWangShi,Howisitgoing?Thankyouforyourinterestinjoiningtheschool____11____team.Asyouknow,our____12____hasagreatreputation,butwearealways____13____newtalenttosharpentheteamforthefuture.Itisnotusualforafreshmanstudenttobeselected,____14____itiswonderfultohearthatyouarefindingstrengthinteamworkandthatbasketballisgivingyoua____15____inlife.Ifyouare____16____fortheschoolteam,thisiswhatourtalentscoutsarealwayslookingfor.Firstly,youneedtoshowusthatyoucan____17____intense,focusedandeffectivebasketball.Thismeansthatyouarealwaysconcentratingontheplay,movingonthecourt,runningforlooseballs,andstronginbothdefenseandattacking____18____.Weneedtoseethatyoucantakechargeoftheball,controlyouropponents,takeshotsand____19____goalsforourteam.So,youwillneedtoworkonyourskillsintheseareas.Trustme,thishardworkwillreally____20____offwhenwearesearchingfornewplayers.Secondly,thetallestplayersarenotalwaystheonesthatget____21____.Wearelookingforstrength,speedandskills,butwealsowantpeoplewhohavegood____22____,whoarehumble(谦逊的)andwhocanactasteamplayers.Noindividualcanwinabasketballmatch;it’stheteamwhogetstothewinningpodium,andourcoachesarealwaysemphasizing____23____andcooperationbothonandoffthecourt.Thesearethe____24____thatmakeforanoutstandingbasketballplayer.Ihopethese____25____canhelpyoubecomeaqualifiedbasketballplayerandhopetoseeyouwhenwestarttorecruitnewmembers.Welcometoourschoolbasketballteam!YoursSincerely,MichaelJack11.A.football B.basketball C.volleyball D.baseball12.A.class B.school C.club D.team13.A.investigating B.questioning C.seeking D.testing14.A.but B.or C.for D.so15.A.possibility B.lesson C.award D.goal16.A.calling B.aiming C.answering D.acting17.A.play B.buy C.make D.borrow18.A.poses B.bounces C.moves D.shots19.A.kick B.set C.keep D.score20.A.take B.keep C.pay D.switch21.A.chosen B.awarded C.promoted D.fired22.A.talent B.character C.shape D.intelligence23.A.hardwork B.heroism C.individualism D.teamwork24.A.rules B.qualities C.traditions D.conditions25.A.tips B.warnings C.requirements D.announcements第二部分：阅读理解第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。ATsinghuaUniversityLibraryHOMEFINDSERVICEE-RESOURCESABOUTTHELIRARYLibraryCardBorrowingReferenceInterlibraryLoanVisitorsFacilitiesTrainingSuggestaPurchaseLibraryCard1.CardsforInternationalStudentsInternationalstudentscanborrowbooksandaccessmanylibraryserviceswithyourvalidICCards.However,youshouldopenyourlibraryprivilegeonlinebeforethefirstborrowingfromthelibrary.Youcanclickhereformoredetails:2.VisitingScholars&TeacherstakingRefresherCourseinContinuingEducationOfficeAllthevisitingscholarsandteacherstakingrefreshercourseinContinuingEducationOfficecanreadbooksandperiodicalsinlibraryreadingroomsonlywithyourvalidICCards.Ifyouneedtoborrowbooks,youmusttakeyourdepositandmaterialsfeetothestaffofContinuingEducationOffice,thenthestaffwillhelpyoutoopenyourlibraryprivilegeatLibraryCardCenter.Deposit(押金)：¥1000.00:validfor60booksbothinChineseandforeignlanguage.MaterialsFee:¥100.00/y(lump-sumpayment,non-refundable)3.TemporaryStaffWithoutICCardsReaderswhohaveatemporaryresearchcooperationwithschoolsanddepartmentsofTsinghuaUniversitycanapplyforatemporaryCPUCardforreadingorborrowingbooksinthelibrarywhentakingacademicresearchinouruniversity.YoushouldtakeyourIDCard,electronicIDphoto,yoursupervisorsignedIntroductionLetterfromyourworkdepartmentwhichhaveanagreementwiththelibrary,andfeeswhenapplyingforaCPUCardatLibraryCardCenter.Deposits:¥10000:onlyvalidtoreadinthelibrary;¥300.00:validtoborrow5Chinesebooks;¥1000.00:validfor5booksbothChineseandforeignlanguage.MaterialsFee:¥10.00/m(lump-sumpayment,non-refundable)CardFee:¥20.004.ContactusLibraryCardCenterHall,WestLibraryOfficeHours:Monday–Friday8:00-12:0013:00-17:00Saturday-Sunday9:00-12:0013:00-17:00(lostcardreportingonly)26.Howmuchshouldavisitingscholardeposittoborrowbooks?A.¥1400.00. B.¥1100.00.C.¥300.00. D.¥1000.00.27.Togetalibrarycard,temporarystaffwithoutICCardsshouldpreparethefollowingthingsexcept________.A.hisIDcardB.hisCPUcardC.anIntroductionLetter D.anelectronicIDphoto28.Wherecanyouseethistext?A.Onauniversitywebsite. B.Inauniversitymagazine.C.Onaboardinthecampus. D.Inabrochuresenttonewstudents.BJohnOtwayJohnOtwayhasbeenplayingmusicandmakingrecordsintheUKformorethan40years.Overtheyearshehasreleasedmorethantenalbums.Hehasplayedhundredsofconcerts.Hehaswrittentwoautobiographies.Hehasworkedwithsomeofthecountry’sbestmusiciansandhehasevenmadeafilmabouthislife.Butdespiteallofthis,mostpeoplehaveneverheardofhim.Otwayreleasedhisfirstrecordin1972,butitwasthePunkMovementafewyearslaterthatreallygavehimhisbigchance.Otwaywasn’tthegreatestmusicianbuthissongswerealwaysfun,andhisperformancesonstagewerealwaysentertaining-therewasagoodchancehewouldfalloffthestageatleastonceineachshow.Thepunkslikedhim,andin1977hehadasmallhitwhenhissingleReallyFreemadeittoNo.27intheUKtop40charts.Otwayreallyenjoyedhissuccessbutunfortunately,nomorecame.Notoneofhisrecordsoverthenext30yearswasahit.Althoughheneverhadmuchcommercialsuccess,Otwayhadalotofveryloyalfans.Whensomeoneaskedhimwhathewouldlikeforhis50thbirthday,hisreplywas:“Asecondhit.”HisfanswentoutandboughtasmanycopiesofthenewsingleBunsenBurnerastheycould.AndinOctober2002,Otwayfinallysawhiswishcometrue.InachartthatfeaturedinternationalsuperstarslikePink,WillYoungandOasis,BunsenBurnermadeittoNo.9.Manyhighstreetshopsrefusedtoselltherecord,sayingthatOtwaywastoooldandunattractivefortheteenagemarket.Otwaydidn’tcare.HecelebratedhissuccesswithanappearanceonTV’sbiggestmusicshowTopofthePops.ThesedaysJohnOtwaycontinuestoplayhismusicaroundthecountry,andtherearealwaysplentyofpeoplewhoarehappytogoandwatchhimperform.He’sagreatexampleforanyonewholovesmakingmusic.Youdon’thavetobeyoung,good-looking(orevenverytalented)toenjoyalongcareerinthemusicbusiness.29.Fromparagraph1,weknowthat________.A.JohnOtwayhasreleasedhundredsofalbumsB.JohnOtwayneverworkedwithbestmusiciansC.JohnOtwayhaswrittenhundredsofautobiographiesD.JohnOtwayisnotwell-knownintheUKasamusician30.JohnOtwaysawhiswishcometruewhenhereleased________.A.ReallyFree B.BunsenBurnerC.TopofthePops D.hisfirstrecord31.WhyweresomestreetshopsunwillingtosellhissingleBunsenBurner?A.Theythoughtitwasterrible.B.Itwasn’taverybighit.C.JohnOtwaydidn’twantthemtohaveit.D.Theythoughtteenagerswouldnotliketobuyit.32.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Musicianshavetobeyoungandattractive.B.Successisn’timportantinourlife.C.Weshouldbedeterminedtodowhatwelove.D.Musiciansdomuchbetterastheygetolder.CAdozeninternationalcoffeeexpertsmovedaroundalongwoodentable,pausingateachsteamingcup,headsdipping,smellingandtasting.Inthewings,coffeefarmerYangFanwatchesattentivelyasthejudges’circle,awaitingadecisiononherlatestcropofbeans.Inrecentyears,Chinaisfastdevelopingareputationasatopcoffeeproducer.ThistastingwasasideeventtothefirsteverPu’erInternationalSpecialtyCoffeeExpoinChina’ssouthwesternYunnanprovince,whichranthiswinteranddrewmorethanathousandattendees,includingindustryaficionados(酷爱者)fromacrosstheglobe.“CoffeehashugepotentialinChina,”saysLiuYing,whoisworkinginprivateinvestmentinBeijingtogrowcoffeeinPu’erfiveyearsago.“Theyoungergenerationpreferstodrinkcoffeeintheirofficesmuchmorethantea.”Still,Pu’erremainssynonymouswithtea.InaregionofChinaknownforthousandsofyearsofteagrowing,anewcropisbeginningtochangethecountry’slandscape:coffee.ThistownneartheLaosborderissurroundedbythegreenhillsscoredwithteaplantations;itproducesavarietyofteawhichisalsocalledPu’er.Buttheregion’smildclimateisalsoperfectforgrowingArabicacoffee.AndasChina’syoungpeoplemoveawayfromtraditionalteainfavoroftheinvigoratingcoffee,Pu’er’sfarmersarecateringtothedemand.Yunnanaccountsfor98%ofChina’scoffeeharvest,withhalfcomingfromthemistylandscapearoundPu’er.Today,Chinaisthe13thbiggestcoffeeproducerintheworld-risingfromzerooutputthreedecadesagoto136,000tonsannuallytoday.InApril,Seattle’sannualSpecialtyCoffeeExpodecidedtoshowcaseChinaasitsportraitcountryoforigin.ItfollowsontheheelsofStarbucks’launchingitsfirstsingle-originYunnancoffeelastyearaftereightyearsofpartnershipwithYunnanfarmers.Withglobalcoffeepricesatrecordlows,Yunnanfarmersareprocessingbeansinbespoke(定制的)waystocreatedistinctflavors-allowingthemtoenterthemarketofspecialtycoffee.“Atcurrentcoffeeprices,Ican’tevenfeedmyfamily,”saysthefarmerYang.“Myonlywayoutistoproducespecialtycoffee,tomakethebestcoffeebeans.”Thatmeanslettingbeansdryintheircherries,thusproducingawild,fruityflavor,orallowingthemto“honey”intheirsugaryinnerlayer,whichaddsaslightsweetness.“IfItoldyouthiswasColombianorPanamacoffee,nobodywouldarguewithme,”saysSamuelGurel,CEOofPu’er’sTorchCoffeeRoasters,asYangbreaksintoalaughter.“It’sagreatexampleofhowChinesecoffeeisevolving.”33.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.CoffeegainsgroundinChina’stea-growingheartlandBCoffeeistakingtheplaceofPu’erteainYunnanprovince.C.BespokecoffeeinYnnnanhasavarietyofflavors.D.Chinahasbecomeatopcoffeeproducerintheworld.34.PeoplegrowcoffeeinPu’erbecause________.A.theyhavethetraditiontoplantcoffeeB.StarbuckneedscoffeefromYunnanprovinceC.coffeeplantedtherehasaspecialflavorD.theythinkcoffeehasgreatpotentialinChina35.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthethirdparagraphmean?A.Pu’ercannotproducecoffee.B.Coffeeenjoysagoodreputation.C.Pu’erismostfamousforitstea.D.Coffeeisaspopularascoffee.36.WhatdoesSamuelGurelthinkofYang’scoffeebeans?A.Heisworriedaboutit. B.Hethinkshighlyofit.C.Hedoubtsaboutitsfuture. D.Heshowsnointerestinit.DScientistsattheUniversityofOxfordhavedevelopednewartificialintelligencesoftwaretorecognizethefacesofchimpanzeesinthewild.Thenewsoftwarewillallowresearcherstosignificantlycutbackontimeandresourcesspentanalyzingvideofootage.“Forspecieslikechimpanzees,whichhavecomplexsociallivesandliveformanyyears,recordingtheirbehaviorfromshort-termfieldresearchcanonlytellussomuch.”saysDanSchofield,researcherandDPhilstudentatOxfordUniversity’sPrimateModelsLab.“Byusingthepowerofmachinelearningtounlocklargevideofootage,itmakesitfeasibletomeasurebehavioroverthelongterm.Observinghowthesociallivesofagroupchangeoverseveralgenerationsbecomepossibleaswell.”Thecomputermodelwastrainedusingover10millionimagesfromKyotoUniversity’sPrimateResearchInstitute(PRI)videofootageofwildchimpanzeesinWestAfrica.Thenewsoftwareisthefirsttorecognizeindividualsinawiderangeofposes,performingwithhighaccuracyindifficultconditionssuchaslowlighting,poorimagequalityandmovementblur(模糊).“Accesstothislargevideofootagehasallowedustousecuttingedgedeepneuralnetworkstotrainmodelsatascalethatwaspreviouslynotpossible.”saysArshaNagrani,co-authorofthestudyandDPhilstudentinUniversityofOxford.“Additionally,ourmethoddiffersfrompreviousprimatefacerecognitionsoftwareinthatitcanbeappliedtorawvideofootagewithlimitedmanualintervention(人工干预)orpre-processing,savinghoursoftimeandresources.”Thetechnologyhaspotentialformanyuses,suchasmonitoringspeciesforprotection.Althoughthecurrentapplicationfocusedonchimpanzees,thesoftwareprovidedcouldbeappliedtootherspecies,andhelpdrivetheadoptionofartificialintelligencesystemstosolvearangeofproblemsinthewildlifesciences.“Alloursoftwareisavailableopen-sourcefortheresearchcommunity.”saysNagrani.“Wehopethatthiswillhelpresearchersacrossotherpartsoftheworldapplythesamecutting-edgetechniquestotheiruniqueanimaldatasets.Asacomputervisionresearcher,itisextremelysatisfyingtoseethesemethodsappliedtosolvereal,challengingbiodiversity(生物多样性)problems.”“Withanincreasingbiodiversitycrisisandmanyoftheworld’secosystemsunderthreat,theabilitytocloselymonitordifferentspeciesandpopulationsusingsystemswillbeimportantforprotectionefforts,aswellasanimalbehaviorresearch.”addsSchofield.“Interdisciplinarycooperationlikethishavehugepotentialtomakeanimpact,byfindingsolutionsforoldproblems,andaskingbiologicalquestionswhichwerepreviouslynotavailableonalargescale.”37.What’sthefunctionofthenewartificialintelligencesoftware?A.Analyzingvideofootageindifficultconditions.B.Recognizingthefacesofchimpanzeesinthewild.C.Cuttingedgedeepneuralnetworkstotrainmodelsatascale.D.Savinghoursoftimeandresourceswithoutmanualintervention.38.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“feasible”inParagraph2probablymean?A.possible B.importantC.natural D.official39.Fromthepassage,weknowthattheartificialintelligencesoftwarecould________.ArecognizeindividualsbutnotclearlyB.savetimeandresourcesonlyC.helptoprotectdifferentspeciesD.hardlysolvebiodiversityproblems40.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?ATointroduceanewsoftware.B.Toexplainameasure.C.Toassessaproject.D.Todescribeaprocedure.第二节：根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。EWeoftenfocusonbuildingrelationshipswithothersthatweforgettheessentialfirststep:beingfriendsofourselves.Thatistheimportantfirststepifwearetohavegoodrelationshipswithothers.___41___1.Forgiveyourself.Youmayhavemadethosemistakesinthepast,butisthereanythingyoucandoaboutthem?Idon’tthinkso,exceptlearningfromthem.Maybeyouarenotperfect,butneitheriseverybodyelse.___42___Sodoyourselfafavorbygivingyourselfforgiveness.2Focusonyourstrengths.___43___Youalwayshavesomestrengthswhichgiveyouauniquecombinationnobodyelsehave.Recognizeyourstrengthsandbuildyourlifearoundthem.3.Writeyoursuccessstories.Onereasonwemaynotlikeourselvesiswearesofocusedonwhatwedon’thavethatweforgetaboutwhatwehave.Somakealistofyourachievements;writeyoursuccessstories.Theydonothavetobebigthings.___44___Forexample,ifyouhavesomegoodfriends,that’salreadyanachievement.Ifyouhaveagoodfamily,thatisalsoanachievement.4.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.Youareunique.Youcanneverbelikeotherpeople,andneithercanotherpeoplebelikeyou.Thewayyoumeasureyoursuccessisnotdeterminedbyotherpeopleandwhattheyachieve.Instead,itisdeterminedbyyourownlifepurpose.Youhaveeverythingyouneedtoachieveyourlifepurpose,soit’suselesstocompareyourselfwithothers.5.___45___Youdon’tlikeotherpeoplelyingtoyou,right?Similarly,youwon’tlikeyourselfifyouknowthatyoulietoyourself.Whetheryourealizeitornot,thatgivesyourmindareasonnottolikeyourself.That’swhyit’simportanttoalwaysbetruetoyourself.Inwhateveryoudo,behonestandfollowyourconscience.A.Alwaysbetruetoyourself.B.Acceptthingsyoucan'tchange.C.It’snormaltomakemistakes.D.Herearesometipstobeingfriendsofourselves.E.Insteadoffocusingonyourweaknesses,focusonyourstrengths.F.Therearealotofsmallbutimportantachievementsinourlife.G.Youmightbedisappointedwithyourselfonwhyyoucouldmakesuchmistakes.第三部分：书面表达第一节46.假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。春节即将来临，你的英国好友Jim将要去中国朋友家做客，发来邮件询问相关习俗。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：1.到达时间及见面问候语；2.合适的礼物；3.餐桌礼仪；注意：1.词数不少于50词；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,_________________