中职英语第一轮复习课件十一

语法精讲专项突破讲解归纳定语从句(Ⅰ)定语从句是起定语作用，修饰名词或代词的从句。被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。定语从句一般位于先行词后。定语从句往往用关系副词和关系代词引导，关系词在定语从句中担任某种成分。本单元只讨论关系代词引导的定语从句。1．关系代词引导的定语从句(1)who指人，在句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。Themanwhoisshakinghandswithmyfatherisapoliceman.正和我父亲握手的那个人是警察。Thosewhoshowrespectsalwaysgainrespectsfromothers.尊重别人的人才能得到别人的尊重。(2)whom指人，在从句中作宾语，不能作主语，常可省略。Theman(whom)youmetjustnowismyfather.你刚刚遇到的人是我父亲。Theteacher(whom)youarewaitingforiscoming.你等的那位老师来了。(3)whose既可指人，也可指物。其后接名词，与先行词构成从属关系，在句中作定语。Thisisthescientistwhosenameisknownalloverthecountry.这就是那位闻名全国的科学家。Nobodywantsthehousewhoseroofhasfallenin.没有人要这个屋顶已坍塌了的房子。(4)which只指物，不指人，可作主语或宾语。作宾语可省略。Guilinisacitywhichhasahistoryof2,000years.桂林是座有2000年历史的城市。Theyoungmanwasveryhappytogetbackthegoldring(which)hehadlostonthetrain.那个年轻人领回了在火车上丢失的金戒指，非常高兴。(5)that既指人，又指物，在从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时常可省略。Thereisafilm(that)I’dliketosee.有一部电影我想去看。SheistheonlyoneamongusthatknowsFrench.她是我们当中唯一懂法语的人。2．which与that的用法区别that和which都是关系代词，都可在从句中作主语或宾语，但两者存在着不同：用that不用which的情况先行词是all，much，few，little，everything，anything，nothing，none，theone等不定代词时先行词被all，few，little，much，every，some，no等词修饰或被theonly，thevery，thesame，thelast等限定词修饰时先行词是形容词的最高级或先行词的前面有形容词最高级修饰时用that不用which的情况先行词是序数词或其前有序数词对其进行修饰时先行词既指人又指物时主句是who或which等引导的特殊疑问句时用which不用that的情况在非限制性定语从句中用which不用that介词后边用which不用thatWeshoulddoeverythingthatisusefultothepeople.我们应该做一切有益于人民的事。WhenwetalkaboutHangzhou，thefirstthatcomesintoourmindistheWestLake.我们谈论杭州时，首先想到的是西湖。Thisisthesmallestcomputerthatcanbefoundintheworldnow.这是目前发现的世界上最小的计算机。Nonewsthathetellsusisgood.他告诉我们的消息没有一个好的。ThisisthefirstplaythatIhaveseensinceIcamehere.这是我来到这里以后所看的第一部戏剧。Theonlythingthatmattersisthebaby’shealth.唯一重要的是这个婴儿的健康。Whichisthehotelthathestayedatlastnight？他昨晚住的是哪家旅馆？专题训练Ⅰ.用关系代词that，which，who，whom，whose填空1．Thefilm___________youarelookingforwardtoseeingwillbeontomorrow.2．Isthereanything________youwanttobuy?3．Thegirl________hairisgoldenisfromEngland.which/thatthatwhose4．Theman____________Isawtoldmetocomehere.5．Heaskedaboutthefactoriesandworkers________wehadjustvisited.Ⅱ.完成句子1．哪辆是你丢的自行车？Whichisthebike________________lost.who/whomthatthatyou2．回答问题的那个孩子是约翰。______________________________________wasJohn.3．你借给我的那本书很有意思。___________________________________wasinteresting.4．感谢你给我的帮助。Thankyouforthehelp_________________________________.ThechildwhoansweredthequestionThebookthat/whichyoulentmethat/whichyouhavegivenme5．你可以带走你喜欢的任何一本书。Youmaytake__________________________.Ⅲ.单项填空1．Thisisoneofthebestfilms________thisyear.A．theyhavebeenshownanybookthatyoulikeB．thathasbeenshownC．thathavebeenshownD．whichhavebeenshown解析：选C。考查定语从句。先行词用oneof修饰，引导词用that，并且oneof前无限定词，所以从句用谓语动词have。2．I’vecomeacrossanoldphotographofmygrandfather________wastakeninMonteCarlo.A．which

B．whoC．whom D．whose解析：选A。先行词是指物的“anoldphotographofmygrandfather”且关系词在从句中作主语，故只能用which。3．Thisisthestrangestthing________Ihaveeverheardof.A．/ B．whichC．what D．when解析：选A。先行词被最高级修饰时，应用that引导定语从句，因that在从句中作宾语，故可省略。4．Tomisgoodatmaths，soIthinkheisthestudent________canhelpyoutoworkoutthisproblem.A．whom B．whoC．which D．what解析：选B。先行词thestudent指人，定语从句中缺主语，因此应用who引导定语从句。5．Thisgirlisfamiliartome；maybesheisthegirl________Imetinthestreetyesterday.A．whom B．whichC．as D．what解析：选A。先行词为thegirl指人，且在从句中作宾语。6．Thisistheboywithout________helpIcouldn’thavepassedthatdifficultexam.A．who B．whomC．whose D．that解析：选C。句意：这就是没有他的帮助我就考试不及格的男孩。help与theboy构成所属关系。7．I’mnotsurewhetherthisisthebook________mybrotherreadtheyearbeforelast.A．whose B．asC．what D．which解析：选D。先行词thebook指物，定语从句中缺少宾语，因此应填which引导定语从句。关系代词引导限制性定语从句时，仅用于thesame...as...，such...as...等句型中。8．I’msorrythatIdon’tknowmuchaboutAmericanfilms，becausethisisthefirstAmericanfilm________Ihaveeverseen.A．which B．thatC．what D．as

解析：选B。先行词Americanfilm前面有序数词thefirst修饰，因此只能用that引导定语从句。9．Somegreatpeoplesaiditwastheirprimaryschoolteachersandtheirlessons________theywerefondof________influencedtheirwholelives.A．which；that B．that；whichC．which；which D．that；that解析：选D。第一空考查定语从句的引导词。因先行词中既含有人又含有物，所以用that。第二空用that构成Itwas...that...强调句型。10．All________canbeeatenhasbeeneatenup.A．which B．whatC．that D．/解析：选C。句意：所有能吃的东西都已被吃光了。分析句子成分可知all为主语，________canbeeaten为定语从句，在此定语从句中关系词作主语，先行词为all时，定语从句由关系词that引导，且不可省略，故C项正确。写作指导妙笔生花评价一首歌曲或乐曲

写作要求欣赏约翰·丹佛尔(JohnDenver)演唱的有名的乡村歌曲“乡村路，带我回家”(TakeMeHome，CountryRoad)，并简单地评价一下这首歌曲。Almostheaven，WestVirginiaBlueRidgeMountains，ShenandoahRiverLifeisoldthere，olderthanthetreesYoungerthanthemountainsBlowinglikeabreeze(CHORUS)Countryroads，takemehomeTotheplace，IbelongWestVirginia，MountainMamaTakemehome，countryroadsAllmymemories，gatherroundherMinerslady，strangertobluewaterDarkanddusty，paintedontheskyMistytasteofmoonshineTeardropsinmyeyesIhearhervoiceinthemorninghoursshecallsmeTheradioremindsmeofmyhomefarawayAnddrivingdowntheroadIgetafeelingThatIshouldhavebeenhomeyesterday，yesterday审题谋篇(1)审题构思此篇书面表达是写一篇对一首歌曲或乐曲的评论，根据文章提示，时态为一般现在时态，人称为第一人称。(2)篇章结构引题→赞美→评价(3)内容要点1．点出自己喜欢的歌曲；2．自己喜欢的原因；3．对这首歌的简单评价。

写作要点1．这首歌主要描绘了歌手的感情和对家乡的爱。①Itmainly____________thesinger’sfeelingand____________hishome.describeshislovefor②Itmainly____________thesinger’sfeelingand________________hishometown.2．这首歌的主题就是表达对家乡的热爱。①______________thesongis_______________________________home.②________________thesongis______________________hishome.expresseshisaffectionfortoexpressone’sloveforhisThethemeofThetopicoftoshowone’slovefor3．当我远离家乡的时候我就会听这首歌因为她让我想起了我可爱的家乡。①I’dliketo____________thissongwhenI’mawayfromhomebecauseit________________mylovelyhometown.②I’dloveto________thissongwhenI’mfarfromhometownbecauseit________mylovelyhometowntomind.listentoremindsmeofenjoybrings佳作欣赏Ithinkthesongisreallywonderfulandmoving.Itmainlydescribesthesinger’sfeelingandhisloveforhishome.Inthelyrics,wordssuchas“countryroads，takemehome”，“teardropsinmyeye”，“Theradioremindsmeofmyhomefaraway”and“IgetafeelingthatIshouldhavebeenhomeyesterday”areusedtoexpressthesinger’sfeeling.Thethemeofthesongistoexpressone’sloveforhishome.Thestyleofthemusicissimple.I’dliketolistentothissongwhenI’mawayfromhomebecauseitremindsmeofmylovelyhometown.名师点津【美文点津】1．本篇范文文章简洁明了，表述合理。2．文章合理运用了remindsb.ofsth.，expressone’slovefor等高级词汇的使用，都使得文章增色很多。【类文点津】评价一首歌(乐)曲时要注意以下几点：1．通常先对该曲进行整体的介绍，如词曲作者、演唱者、该曲的创作背景等。2．对该曲的感情基调及节奏进行描写，或欢快、或悲伤或舒缓或激昂。总之，对其表现风格要进行介绍。3．对其中的精彩之处进行呈现并加以阐释，说明该精华部分的妙处所在。4．最后总体评价该曲，表达该曲带给人的感受及影响。词语串串练Duringourlifetime，there’remanyhorribleandpainfulmoments.They’retestingthelimitsofoursoulfromtimetotime，whichalwaysmakesusataloss.Fortunately，musicisalwaysaroundus，justlikeaclosefriend.With①notesbounding，a②brokenheartcanrecovergradually，thenwearecalmandletthe③sunshinein.Formanypeople，musicjustisasoundmadebyaninstrumentorasinger.④Actually，itisnotonlyasimplesound，butalsoannecessarypartofourlife.Whenwe’resufferingthefeelingofloneliness，musiccanbringushappiness.Whenwearein⑤sorrow,musiccandrivedarkawayfromourheart.Becauseofthis，anoldsongwhenplayedagain，wouldremindusoftheoriginalmemoryofit.Naturally，musiccanbedescribedasa⑥wonderwhichgivesusalot.Musicallyspeaking，musicitselfisakindofbeauty.Asteady⑦tuneisabeautyofgreenforestshroudedinmistontheearlymorning,⑧mistybutfullofliveliness.Withthebeauty,wecanlivea⑨poeticlife.So，fromnowon，makefulluseofthepowerfulmusicandyou’llgain