高考英语大一轮复习Unit2Growingpains课件1

Module1

Unit2

Growingpains1.defendvt.辩解,辩白;防御,保护教材原句①Theyneverevengavemeachancetodefend

(defend)myself.重点单词◆单句填空②WhatisevenmoreinterestingisthatoneofStein'sjobsisdefending

(defend)anindustrybehindtheplasticshoppingbag.(2018浙江改编)③Thefemalehormonesalsohelpthebodydefenditself

against/from

somekindsofinfections.(2016四川改编)◆完成句子④Wedon'tknowhowmanypeoplegavetheirlivesin

defence

of

(捍卫)freedom.⑤Thetravellermayfireatawildbeasttodefend

himself

(保护

自己)incaseheisattacked.⑥It'snaturalforacountryto

defenditselffrom

against

(保护自

己免受)othercountries.点拨(1)defendoneself自卫,为自己辩护defend...from/against...保护……免受……的伤害(2)defencen.防御;防护;保卫indefenceof为了保护……[点津]与defend...from...类似的短语还有:keep/prevent/stop...from...阻止……做……protect...from...保护……免受……的伤害2.deservevt.值得;应得;应受教材原句①Theydon'tdeserve

an

explanation

(应该得到解释).◆单句填空②Ithinkyoursuggestiondeservestrying/tobetried

(try).③Theydidn'tdeservetowin

(win).◆句型转换④Weshouldkeepinmindthateveryone'sideasdeserveconsideration.→Weshouldkeepinmindthateveryone'sideasdeserveconsidering

.→Weshouldkeepinmindthateveryone'sideasdeserveto

be

considered

.◆完成句子⑤唐诗永远值得反复阅读。TangPoemsdeservereading/deservetoberead

againandagainallthe

time.⑥我认为任何好的建议都值得考虑。Ithinkanygoodsuggestiondeservesconsideration/considering/tobe

considered

.点拨deservetodosth.值得做某事deservetobedone/deservedoing值得被做deserveconsideration值得考虑deserveone'srespect值得某人的尊敬[点津]当物作主语时,deserve后接doing,主动形式表示被动意义,相当于接动词不定式的被动形式。need,want,require作“需要”讲时也有类似用法。3.insistvi.坚持;坚持认为;坚决要求教材原句①Recently,hehasbeenrefusingtodohishomework,andinsteadinsists

on

wastinghistimewatchingDVDsandlisteningtoforeignmusic.◆单句改错②Theyinsistedgoingtothemovieswithus.

在insisted后面加on③Theoldmaninsistedthathecouldbetreatedequally.

去掉could或could→should④Heinsistedthathebethebeststudentinhisclass.

be→was◆单句填空⑤AnassumptionbehindUKinsurancefordriverlesscars,introducedear-lierthisyear,insiststhatahuman“(should)be

(be)watchfulandmon-

itoringtheroad”ateverymoment.(2017天津改编)⑥Hepersistsin

hisbadhabit.点拨insiston(doing)sth.坚持(做)某事insistthat...坚持认为……,坚决要求……[联想]后接宾语从句时,从句用虚拟语气的常见动词有:一坚持(insist),二命令

(order,command),三建议(advise,suggest,propose),四要求(demand,re-

quire,request,ask),外加一个敦促(urge)。[点津]insistthat:表示“坚持认为”时,从句用陈述语气;表示“坚决要求”时,

从句用虚拟语气,谓语用“(should+)动词原形”。[辨析]insist与persist

4.harmvt.&n.伤害教材原句①HowcanIhelpmysonwithoutharming

(harm)ourrelationship?◆用harm,injure,hurt和destroy的适当形式填空②Theschoolwascompletelydestroyed

byfire.③Thecourtcasewilldoseriousharm

tomybusiness.④You'llhurt

herfeelingsifyouforgetherbirthday.⑤Beinginjured

inthelegmadeitimpossibleformetowalkasfastas

usual.◆单句填空⑥Herpopular1962bookSilent

Springraisedawarenessofthedangersof

pollutionandtheharmful

(harm)effectsofchemicalsonhumansand

ontheworld'slakesandoceans.(2016课标全国Ⅰ改编)⑦Youneedn'tworryandthisexperimentwasharmless

(harm)tothe

animals.点拨

对某人/物有害;伤害某人/物thereisnoharmindoingsth.=itdoesnoharmtodosth.做某事没有什么

坏处harmfuladj.有害的harmlessadj.无害的beharmlesstosb./sth.对某人/物无害【辨析】damage,destroy,injure,harm和hurt(1)damage可指不同程度的损害、破坏,通常指那种使价值、有用性和有效性减少的损害;(2)destroy常指毁灭性的破坏;(3)injure可以指对健康、外表、前景或生活的舒适带来反面影响;(4)harm与hurt主要指带来痛苦、悲伤、损失或损害。5.forbidvt.禁止(forbade,forbidden)教材原句①Heevenforbidsme

from

chattingwithmyfriendsintheInternet

cafe!◆句型转换考虑到他的学习,他的爸爸禁止他在微信上聊天。Inviewofhisstudy,hisfatherforbadehim/hischattingonWeChat.②=Inviewofhisstudy,hisfatherforbade

him

to

chat

onWeChat.③=Inviewofhisstudy,hisfatherforbade

him

from

chatting

onWeChat.◆句式升级④Weareforbiddentoplayonthelawnbelongingtohim.(用it作形式主语

改写)It'sforbiddenforustoplay

onthelawnbelongingtohim.点拨forbiddoingsth.禁止做某事forbidsb.todosth.禁止某人做某事forbidsb.fromdoingsth.禁止某人做某事It'sforbidden(forsb.)todosth.(某人)做某事是禁止的。[点津]forbid的近义词是ban和prohibit,ban/prohibitsb.fromdoingsth.禁止某人

做某事。forbid后常接动名词作宾语,这类常考动词还有admit(承认)、avoid(避

免)、consider(考虑)、deny(否认)、imagine(想象)、mind(介意)、escape

(避免)等。6.limitn.界限;限制vt.限制教材原句①Manyboysbecomerisk-takers—theywanttofindtheirownlimitsand

thelimits

(limit)oftheworldaroundthem,butmaynothavethewis-

domtomakegoodchoicesintheirbehaviour.◆单句填空②Topeoplewhoareusedtothe

limited

(limit)choiceofapplessuch

asGoldenDeliciousandRoyalGalainsupermarkets,itcanbequiteaneyeopener.(2016课标全国Ⅲ改编)③Wehavehadtosetlimitson

camping,hikingandriverrunning.◆完成句子④Itdoespointoutthatmanyparentsstilllimit

electronic

reading

(限制电子阅读).(2018课标全国Ⅱ改编)◆句型转换⑤Youshouldlimitthelengthofthearticleto400wordsorso.(改写为被

动语态)Thelengthofthearticleshouldbelimitedto

400wordsorso.点拨alimitto...……的限度setalimitto/on给……设定限度limit...to...把……限定在……范围内limitedadj.有限的belimitedto受限于……;被限制在……范围内[联想]timelimit时间限制speedlimit速度限制tothelimit到顶点;到最大限度withinlimits在某种程度上;有一定限制upperlimit上限lowerlimit下限besupposedto应该……,应当……教材原句①But,but...youweren'tsupposedtocome

(come)homeuntiltomor-

row!重点短语◆单句填空②Makingthingsworsearestatelawsthatmakeittooeasytooptout(决定

不参加)ofwhataresupposedto

berequired

(require)vaccinesforallchildrenenteringkindergarten.(2017北京改编)③Supposing/Suppose

(suppose)shedoesn'tcome,whatshallwedo?

◆句型转换你本应该昨天就把作业交上的。④Youwere

supposed

to

have

handed

inyour

homeworkyesterday.(besupposedto)⑤Youshould

have

handed

inyourhomeworkyesterday.

(should)⑥You

ought

to

have

handed

inyourhomeworkyes-

terday.(oughtto)点拨besupposedtodosth.应该做某事besupposedtohavedonesth.本应该做某事(实际上未做)besupposedtobe...被认为是……Isupposeso.我认为是这样。Isupposenot.(=Idon'tsupposeso.)我认为不是这样。suppose/supposing(that)假设;假定[联想]表示“本来应该做某事(但未去做)”的结构还有shouldhavedonesth.

和oughttohavedonesth.等。1.过去分词作状语教材原句①Ericrunsinafterit,followed

(follow)byabigdog,walkingvery

slowly.重点句型◆单句填空②

Offered

(offer)animportantroleinanewmovie,Andyhasachance

tobecomefamous.③

Translated

(translate)intoEnglish,thesentencewasfoundtohavean

entirelydifferentwordorder.④Though

surprised

(surprise)toseeus,theprofessorgaveusawarm

welcome.⑤Theofficerwalkedoutofthehall,followed

(follow)byagroupof

reporters.◆完成句子⑥Absorbed

in

every

move

ofmine

(专注于我的每一个动作),theforeignstudentswereonceagainamazedbythisuniqueculture.点拨教材原句中的followedbyabigdog为过去分词短语作伴随状语,follow

与主语Eric在逻辑上是被动关系。过去分词除了作伴随状语外,还可以

作方式、条件、时间和原因状语等。[点津](1)分词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前和构成分词的动词与句子主

语为被动关系这两点是选用过去分词作状语时首先要考虑的;(2)确定状语的类型时,要从分词所表示的动作与句子谓语动作的逻辑

关系、分词的位置等入手;(3)过去分词不用于作目的状语和结果状语。2.with的复合结构教材原句①Theroomisinamess,with

pizzaboxesontheflooranddirtydish-

esinthesink.◆单句填空②Withthesemainreasons

in

mind,wecanevaluateourlevelof

angerthroughouttheday.(2018北京改编)③Withnothing

todo

(do),Tomsleepsathome.④Youshouldgotosleepwiththelight

turned

(turn)off.⑤Withwinter

coming

(come)on,it'stimetobuywarmclothes.⑥Withallthethingssheneededbought

(buy),shewenthomehappily.◆句型转换(用with的复合结构改写下列句子)⑦TheCollegeEntranceExaminationisdrawingnear,sothestudentsfeel

greatpressure.WiththeCollegeEntranceExaminationdrawingnear

,thestudents

feelgreatpressure.⑧Aftershetookagreatweightoffhermind,shepassedallthetestssuc-

cessfully.

Withagreatweighttakenoffhermind

,shepassedallthetestssuc-

cessfully.点拨“with+宾语+宾语补足语”有六种情况:(1)with+名词/代词+现在分词;(2)with+名词/代词+形容词;(3)with+名词/代词+副词;(4)with+名词/代词+不定式;(5)with+名词/代词+过去分词;(6)with+名词/代词+介词短语。[点津]在with的复合结构中,要特别注意宾语和宾语补足语之间的逻辑关系,

根据主动(现在分词)、被动(过去分词)、表示将来(不定式)等来选择正确的补足语形式。3.havesth.done使……被……教材原句①Danielhashisarmscrossed

(cross)andlooksupset.◆单句改错②IsthisTVsettheoneyouwishtohaveitrepaired?

去掉it③Whowouldyouratherhavetogotothecinemawithyou?

去掉第一个to◆单句填空④I'msorryIcan'tgowithyou.Ihavesomeclothestowash

(wash).⑤Thebosshadtheworkersworking

(work)dayandnight.⑥Ihavesomebookstobetaken

(take)tomyroom,wouldyougive

meahand?⑦I'mwritingtoyoutohavemyresumerevised

(revise).点拨“havesth.done”表示“使……被……”,这个结构也可以表示个人遭

遇(通常为不好或不幸的遭遇)。[点津]havesb./sth.doing让……一直做……havesb./sth.do让……做……havesth.todo有某事要做(动作由主语发出,不定式作后置定语)havesth.tobedone有某事要做(动作不是由主语发出,不定式作后置定

语)