过去分词课件

1.作定语2.作表语4.作状语3.作宾补过去分词第1页/共54页作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。及物动词的过去分词作定语，既表被动又表完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表完成。过去分词用作定语，如果是单个的，常置于其所修饰的名词之前。

Wemustadaptourthinkingtothechangedconditions.

我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况。

过去分词作定语过去分词作定语—位置第2页/共54页用作定语的过去分词多表示已完成的动作，但有时其所表示的动作却尚未完成或有待于将来完成。Theworkersdemandincreasedwages.

工人要求增加工资。过去分词短语用作定语时，一般置于其所修饰的名词之后，其意义相当于一个定语从句，但较从句简洁，多用于书面语中。

Theconcertgivenbytheirfriendswasasuccess.他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功。

过去分词作定语第3页/共54页过去分词作定语过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语，前后常有逗号。

Themeeting,attendedbyoverfivethousandpeople,welcomedthegreathero.

他们举行了欢迎英雄的大会，到会的有五千多人。用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物，这种过去分词在形式上虽不直接修饰人，但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关。

Theboylookedupwithapleasedexpression.

那男孩带着满意的表情举目而视。第4页/共54页过去分词作定语一般来说，用作定语的过去分词短语所表示的时间应与句中的谓语动词一致，但有时则可能表示不同的时间。

Theonlycarrepairedbythemechanicismine.

这句中的

repaired可能是

thatisbeingrepaired,但也可能是

thatisrepaired,thatwillberepaired,thatwasbeingrepaired或

thatwasrepaired。当然，其确切意义一般可由上下文确定。第5页/共54页过去分词作表语及物动词的过去分词作表语，与句子主语是被动关系，表示主语的状态，既表示被动，又表示完成。

Thecupisbroken.茶杯破了。

不及物动词的过去分词作表语，与句子主语是主动关系，表示主语的状态，只表示动作的完成。

Thestickisburnt.木棒燃烧过了。第6页/共54页过去分词作表语注意过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别：过去分词作表语，主要是表示主语的状态，而被动语态则表示动作。

Thecupwasbrokenbymylittlesisteryesterday.

茶杯是昨天我小妹妹打碎的。

Thelibraryisnowclosed.

图书馆关门了。被动语态，表示动作过去分词作表语第7页/共54页过去分词作表语过去分词作表语与-ing形式作表语的区别：过去分词表示被动或完成，-ing形式表示主动或进行。有些动词如interest,bore,worry,surprise,frighten等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人，用-ing形式来修饰物。

ThebookisinterestingandI'minterestedinit.

这本书很有趣，我对它很感兴趣。

第8页/共54页现在分词与过去分词区别1.语态上现在分词:表示主动的动作过去分词:表示被动的动作2.时间上现在分词:表示正在进行的动作过去分词:表示完成的意思Iheardsomeoneopeningthedoor.Iheardthedooropened.

thefallingleavesthefallenleaves

boilingwater

boiledwater

therisingsuntherisensun第9页/共54页3.现在分词表示它所修饰的名词或句子主语的特征、特性。过去分词表示它所修饰的名词或句子主语的心理感受或状态。

amovingfilmamovedaudienceThenewsisexciting.Wewereexcitedtohearit.现在分词与过去分词区别第10页/共54页什么是宾语补足语？英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。这类常用的及物动词有：make,consider,cause,see,find,call,get,have,letetc.Ex.Wethinkhim

clever.Whathesaidmademe

angry.Weconsidertheanswer

correct.Everyonecallshim

Tom.(宾语)(宾补)第11页/共54页宾语补足语的表现形式：带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make等）+直接宾语（名词或代词）+宾语补足语第12页/共54页宾语补足语的9种表示法：HisfathernamedhimDoming.Theypaintedtheirhousewhite.Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.Nobodynoticedhimentertheroom.4.Wesawherenteringtheroom.(名词)(形容词)（不定式）（不定式短语）(现在分词或其短语)第13页/共54页5.Wemustgettheworkfinishedby10o’clock.

6.WetakeEnglishasausefultoolforresearchwork.7.Wheneveryoumaygo,youwillfindhimatwork.

8.Letthefreshairin.9.Theplanthasitsownname.Youcannotcallitwhatyouwill.(过去分词)（用as引出）（介词短语）（副词）(从句)第14页/共54页1.过去分词作宾语补足语，表示其动作已经完成或结束。能用宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词，表示被动意义或已完成的意义，有时候两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。E.g.Afterwakingup,Ifoundeveryonegone.Thespeakerraisedhervoicetomakeherselfheard.Theyfoundtheirnewbikesstolen.过去分词作宾语补足语第15页/共54页过去分词不仅可以作动词宾语的补足语，还可以作介词宾语的补足语：E.g.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishandstiedbehindhisback,Withthehomeworkfinished,hewasallowedtowatchthefootballmatch.过去分词作宾语补足语第16页/共54页过去分词用在表示状态的动词keep，leave等的后面。Theykeptthedoorlockedforalongtime.Don’tleavethewindowsbrokenlikethisallthetime.2.过去分词用在使役动词have,make的后面。（1）注意”have+宾语+过去分词”的两种用法：①表示让某人做某事，如：Ihavehadmybikerepaired.Thevillagershadmanytreesplantedjustthen.过去分词作宾语补足语第17页/共54页②表示“遭遇到某种不幸；受到打击”等。如：Myeldersisterhadherwalletstolenonabuslastmonth.Theoldmanhadhiswristbrokenintheaccident.(2)”make+宾语+过去分词”，在这种结构中，过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的，如：

Iraisedmyvoicetomakemyselfheard.TheymanagedtomakethemselvesunderstoodusingverysimpleEnglish.过去分词作宾语补足语第18页/共54页3.过去分词用在感官动词watch,notice,see,hear,listento,feel,find

等的后面

当我们到学校时，我们看见门锁着。

Whenwegottoschool,wesawthedoorlocked.我们可以听到大雨点敲打窗户的声音。Wecanhearthewindowsbeatenbytheheavyraindrops.过去分词作宾语补足语第19页/共54页4.过去分词用在want,wish,like,expect,order等表示“希望，愿望，命令”这一类动词的后面作宾语补足语。Theteacherwouldn’tliketheproblemdiscussedatthemoment.老师不想此刻讨论这个问题。过去分词作宾语补足语第20页/共54页我想要这套衣服照他自己的尺寸做。

Iwantthesuitmadetohisownmeasure.我父母希望我好好准备入学考试。

Myparentsexpectedmetobewell-preparedfortheentranceexamination.过去分词作宾语补足语第21页/共54页5.过去分词用在“wish+宾语＋宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。小偷被带进来了，双手被绑在后面。Thethiefwasbroughtinwithhishandstiedbehindhisback.周围种了许多色彩鲜艳的花，他的房子看上去就像一座漂亮的花园。

Withmanybrightly-colouredflowersplantedaroundthebuilding,hishouselookslikeabeautifulgarden.过去分词作宾语补足语第22页/共54页Isawhimtakeawaythedictionaryjustnow.

(拿走了那本字典)Isawhimtakingawaythedictionaryonthedesk.

(正在拿那本字典)Isawthedictionarytakenawaybyachild.

(字典被拿走了)(to)do动作全过程已结束v-ing动作正在进行pp.表被动完成(to)do/V-ing/pp.作宾补的区别第23页/共54页过去分词作状语，一是表被动的动作，二是表动作已经完成。通常作如下几种状语：1.Whenitisseenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.Seenfromthehill1.时间状语,

可在过去分词前加上连词when,while,until等.2.Don’tspeakuntilyouarespokento.Untilspokento过去分词作状语第24页/共54页2.原因状语1.Becausetheboywasgreatlytouchedbyhisteacher’swords,hedidalotofthingstohelphisclassmates.Greatlytouchedbytheteacher’swords2.Ashewassurprisedatwhathappened,Tomdidn’tknowwhattodo.Surprisedatwhathappened过去分词作状语第25页/共54页3.条件状语1.Ifweweregivenmoretime,wecoulddoitmuchbetter.Givenmoretime2.Ifitisheatedtoahightemperature,waterwillchangeintovapour.Heatedtoahightemperature过去分词作状语第26页/共54页4.让步状语1.Thoughtheyhadbeenwarnedofthestorm,thefarmerswerestillworkinginthefields.Thoughwarnedofthestorm2.EvenifI’minvited,Iwon’ttakepartintheparty.Evenifinvited过去分词作状语第27页/共54页5.方式、伴随状语1.Theteacherenteredtheclassroom,andhewasfollowedbyagroupofstudents.Followedbyagroupofstudents2.Themanagerheldhisheadhigh,hewalkedintotheroom.Holdinghisheadhigh过去分词作状语第28页/共54页Whenhewasaskedwhyhedidn’tdoit,hebegantocry.IfIamgivenmoretime,I’llcatchupwithyou.Becausehewasbornandbroughtupinthevillage,heknowsalotofpeoplethere.Whenaskedwhyhedidn’tdoit,hebegantocry.Givenmoretime,I’llcatchupwithyou.Bornandbroughtupinthevillage,heknowsalotofpeoplethere.(时间)(条件)(原因)过去分词作状语第29页/共54页4.Althoughtheyhadbeendefeatedmanytimes,theycontinuedtofight.5.Theteacherstoodthereandwassurroundedbythestudents.Althoughdefeatedmanytimes,theycontinuedtofight.Theteacherstoodtheresurroundedbythestudents.(让步)(伴随)过去分词作状语第30页/共54页注意:用分词短语作状语时,它逻辑上的主语要与句子的主语保持一致,否则分词短语就要有自己的逻辑主语,这种结构称为独立主格结构.1.Alloursavingsgone,westartedlookingforjobs.2.Herushedintotheroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat.过去分词作状语第31页/共54页用所给单词的正确形式填空Whathehadsaidmademe________.（surprise）Therewasaterriblenoise_______thesuddenburstoflight.(follow)Myglassesarebroken.I’llhavetogetthem________.(repair)Withherfinger_______tothebrokenvase,mymotheraskedme,“Whodidthat?”(point)Thedoctorwarnedhim________onlyfoodaftertheoperation.(noteat)Practicesurprisedfollowingrepairedpointingnottoeat第32页/共54页Practice1.Pricesofdailygoods____throughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.A.areboughtB.boughtC.beenboughtD.buying√2.Withalotofdifferentproblems____,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.A.settledB.settlingC.tosettle D.beingsettled√第33页/共54页3.Don’tusewords,expressionsorphrase____onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.known√4.WhenIgotback,Isawamessage

tothedoor

“Sorrytomissyou;Iwillcalllater.”A.pin,readB.pinning,readingC.pinned,readingD.pinned,read√第34页/共54页5、Aboy

Jackwonthegame.Aboy

himselfJackwonthegame.A.callingB.calledA6、Mostoftheartists

tothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvitedA7、Thefirsttextbooks

forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.writtenDB第35页/共54页8、Whoistheman

toyourfatherjustnow?Whoistheman

tojustnow?A.speakingB.spoken9、Thebuilding

lastyearisseventymetershigh.Thebuilding

nowisseventymetershigh.Thebuilding

nextmonthisseventymetershigh.A.builtB.tobebuiltC.beingbuiltABABC第36页/共54页10、Anagreement

tomorrowwilldogoodtoeveryoneofus.A.tobesignedB.beingsignedC.signed11、Theplan

forthetripbyourteachernextweekisveryimportant.A.madeB.tobemadeC.beingmade

12、TheOlympicgames,

in776BC,didn'tincludewomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobefirstplayingABC第37页/共54页13、Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget____bythehour.A.payB.payingC.paidD.topay14、AswejoinedthebigcrowdIgot____frommyfriends.A.separatedB.sparedC.lostD.missed15、Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain____astheshipwasmakingalanding.A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.tobeseatingCAC第38页/共54页16.Themanagerdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee____thenextyear.carryout B.carryingC.carriedout D.tocarryout17.Mrs.Brownwasverydisappointedtoseethewashingmachineshehadhad___wentwrongagain.it B.itrepairedC.repairedD.toberepairedCC第39页/共54页18.Inthepastfewyears,wehavehadthousandsoftrees____aroundoutschool.A.plantB.plantedc.plantingD.beingplanted19.Isthistherecorderyouwant____?tohaverepairedB.torepairedC.tohaveitrepairedD.itrepaired20.Shewasgladtoseeherchildwell____careof.takeB.tobetakenC.takenD.takingBAC第40页/共54页21.Theresultoftheentranceexamswasnotmade___tothepublicuntillastThursday.knowingBknownC.toknowD.tobeknown22.Hefoundthem____attable___.sat;toplaychessB.sitting;toplaychessC.seated;playingchessD.seat;playthechessBC第41页/共54页23.Icanmakeyou___whatIsay,butyoucan’tmakeyourself____inEnglish.understand;understandB.understand;understoodC.tounderstand;understandD.understand;tobeunderstoodB第42页/共54页24.Thegirlaskedhimnottoleavethedoor_____.A.tocloseB.closedC.tobeclosedD.closing25.IhaveoftenheardtheABCsong____,butIhaveneverheardAlice____it.A.tobesung;tosingB.beingsung;sangC.sung;singD.sang;singingBC第43页/共54页26.Helenhadtoshout____abovethesoundthemusic.makingherselfhearB.tomakeherselfhearC.makingherselfheardD.tomakeherselfheard.27.Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechildren’sactionsagainstthelawsgetparents__________.A.worriedB.toworryC.worryingD.worryDA第44页/共54页28.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee____thenextyear.carryoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryout29.Itiswisetohavesomemoney______foroldage.putawayB.keptupC.givenawayD.laidupCA第45页/共54页30.____someofficials,Napoleoninspectedhisarmy.FollowedB.FollowedbyC.BeingfollowedD.havingbeenfollowed31.Therewasaterriblenoise___thesuddenburstoflight.followedB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowedBB第46页/共54页32.Thenextmorningshefoundtheman___inbed,dead.lyingB.lieC.layD.laying33.IcanhardlyimaginePeter___acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.sailB.sailingC.tosailD.tohavesailedAB第47页/共54页34.___areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived35.Thevisitingministerexpressedhissatisfactionwithhistalks,___thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.havingaddedB.toaddC.addingD.addedCC第48页/共54页36.Don’tgetyouschedule___,staywithusinthisclass.tochangeB.changingC.changedD.change37.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,___itthemostpopularsportintheworld.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomakeCA第49页/共54页38.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands___behindhisback.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetied