2023学年完整公开课版Grammar定语从句1

Grammarandusage

(AttributiveClauses)

定语从句(一)定语从句的语法意义1.在复合句中，用一个由主谓结构的陈述句修饰某一个名词或代词的句子就叫定语从句。2.被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。3.引导定语从句的词叫关系词（其作用一.是放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用；二.是在从句中担当一个成分；三.是重复先行词的意义，故其数与先行词一致）(二)由关系词引导的定语从句关系代词：who,whom,that,which,whose,as关系副词：when,where,why先行词关系代词在从句中的成分

例句人thatwho主语宾语(可省)①Theboy

who/thathelpsusiscalledNick.②Theboy

(that/who)IhelpiscalledNick.人whomthatwho

宾语(可省)Thegirl

(whom/that/who)ImetlookslikeLily.

物thatwhich主语、宾语(可省)①Thisisabook

that/whichsellswell.②Thisisthestory

that/whichItoldyou.人物whose

定语①Theroom

whosewindowisred

ismine.②Theman

whosenameIknowishisfriend.先行词关系副词成分 例句时间 when状语Don’tforgetthetime

when

(atwhich)wemet.Ithappenedontheday

when(onwhich)Iwas

out.地点 where状语Thisistheplace

where

(=at/inwhich)welivedlast

year.Thisisthetown

where(=in

which)Iwasborn.原因 why状语Idon’tknowthereason

why(=forwhich)hedidn’tcome.在定语从句中，关系词常在句中充当以下作用：subject(主语)object(宾语)predicative(表语)attribute(定语)adverbial(状语)

Functions关系词在句中所作的成分：1.Thetrees

that/whicharebehindtheofficebuildinghavelosttheirleaves.2.Thestudent

that/whom/whowesawjustnowisthebestrunner.3.Itisnolongerthesmalltown

thatitusedtobe.4.Shehasabrother

whosenameIcan’tremember.5.Theschool

wherehestudiedisinShenzhen.作主语作宾语作表语作定语作状语

关系代词在句中的用法

关系代词在句中的用法(一)关系代词:who/that/whom的用法

1.

who/that指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Aperson

who/thatstealsthingsiscalledathief.

Theman

(who/that)Italkedwithisourteacher.2.

whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前,则不能省)Theman

(whom/who)InoddedtoisMr.Li.Theman

towhomInoddedisMr.Li.主语宾语关系代词在从句中作主语连接下列句子：①TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.

Theboy

who/thatissmilingisTom.

②TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.

Theboy

who/thathasaroundfaceisTom.③TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.

Theboy

who/thatsitsinfrontofme

isTom.关系代词在从句中作宾语连接下列句子：①Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.

Theman

(who/whom/that)everyonelikesiskind.②Thewomangotthejob.Wesawher

inthestreet.

Thewoman

(whom/that/who)wesawinthestreetgotthejob.关系代词在从句中作表语连接下列句子：①Jackisnolongeralazyboy.

Heusedtobealazyboy.Jackisnolongerthelazyboy

thatheusedtobe.②Fenghuang

isnolongeraquiettown.Itusedtobeaquiettown.Fenghuangisnolongerthequiettown

thatitusedtobe.

注意：▲不定代词one,everyone,these,those

等为先行词时，且指人时，关系代词只能用who/whom。

eg:Those

whoworkhardwillsucceed.

Everyone

(who/whom)wevisitedhereiskind.(二)关系代词which/that的用法which/that指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)

①Thesearethetrees

which/thatwereplantedlastyear.②Isthisthelibrary

(which/that)youborrowbooksfrom?③Isthisthelibrary

fromwhichyouborrowbooks?作主语作宾语作宾语

连接下列句子

①Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoat.

Thegoatiseatingherflowers.Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoat

which/thatiseatingherflowers.②Canyoulendmethebook?

Youtalkedaboutitlastnight.Canyoulendmethebook

(which/that)

youtalkedaboutlastnight?(三)关系代词whose在句中的用法：作定语

①她有一个兄弟，其名字我记不清了。

Shehasabrother

whose

nameIcan’tremember.②我住在一间它的窗户朝南的房子里。

Iliveinaroom

whosewindowsfacesouth.用whose连接下列句子。①Ihaveafriend.HisEnglishisverygood.Ihaveafriend

whoseEnglishisverygood.②Hehasadog.ItsnameisKing.Hehasadog

whosenameisKing.改错：1.ThemanIsawyesterdayhavebeentoShanghai.

2.Thisistheplacethatwevisiteditlastweek.3.Heisthemanwhichiskind.

4.Weshouldhelpthosethatareintrouble.

5.Shehasabookitscoverisblack.(havehas)(去掉it)(whichwho/that)(thatwho)(itswhose)PracticeTheman_________standsthereisTom.Thegirl_______________ImetisMsLi.Theboy________watchwaslostisTom.Thebook_________liesonthedeskishis.Thepen___________youboughtisgood.Themagazine________coverisredisnice.who/that(who/whom/that)whosewhich/that(which/that)whose

关系代词that与

which用法的区别

▲that和which在指物的情况下,一般都可以互换,以下情况，引导词用that，不用which。1.先行词为不定代词everything，something,nothing,anything,或all,few,little,much等时，常用关系代词that来引导定语从句。

eg:weshoulddoall

thatisright.Hegavemeeverything

(that)hehad.2.先行词由few,little，every,no,much，all，only,thevery,thesame,thelast,theonly等修饰时,常用关系代词that来引导定语从句.eg:我已经读了你所给我的所有的书。

Ihavereadallthebooks

(that)yougaveme.eg:这正是我想买的书。

Thisistheverybook

(that)Iwanttobuy.eg:唯一重要的事是找到回家的路。

Theonlythingthatisimportantistofindourwayhome.3.先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，用关系代词that引导定语从句。例如：我学的第一课将永远不会忘记。

Iwillneverforgetthefirstlesson(that)Ilearned.他是我所见过的最聪明的人之一。Heisoneofthemostclevermen

(that)Ihaveeverseen.4.先行词同时指人和物时，用that引导定语从句。如：我们谈论了我们当时所见的人和事物。

Wetalkedaboutthethingsandpersons

(that)wesawthen.看那个沿街走过来的男人和他的马。Lookatthemanandhishorse

thatarewalkingupthestreet.5.当先行词前面有who,which等疑问代词时，定语从句用that引导。如：哪本是你要的字典？

Whichisthedictionary

(that)youwant?站在门旁边的那个男人是谁？

Whoistheman

thatisstandingbythedoor?PracticeThisisthebestfilm_______I’veseen.Thatisthelastlesson______Igaveyou.Thisistheverybook______I’mafter.Thatisjustthecoat______colorisred.Thatistherightplace________heworksin.Istillremembertheschoolsandboys______Imetthere.(that)(that)(that)whose(that)(that)7.Everything______yousaidistrue.8.Whichisthebook_____youwant?9.Whoisthegirl______sitsthere?10.All_____hesaidistrue.11.All_____issaidbyhimistrue.12.Arethereanyproblems____troubleyou?13.Iwillmakefulluseofthetime_____________wehave.(that)(that)that(that)thatthat(that/which)as

在定语从句中的用法as用作关系代词和关系副词时，可构成句型

thesame…as,such…as,as/so…as

等结构引出定语从句，并在从句中做主语、宾语、定语、表语语或状语。

▲such…as…

如此……Letmediscusssuchquestions

asmayappear.(as作主语)Iwanttohavesuchadictionary

ashehas.(as作宾语)Suchpapers

asthey(are)mustbedestroyed.(as作表语)

▲

thesame….as….与……相同Iwantthesamebook

asisusedinyourschool.(as作主语)Hehadthesametrouble

asyoumetwith.(as作宾语)Heisnotthesameman

asheusedtobe.(as作表语)Ishalldoitinthesameway

asyoudid.(as作状语)1.Thisissuchaninterestingbook______weallliketoreadit.

这是一本如此令人感兴趣的书，以至于我们都喜欢阅读。（状语从句）2.Thisissuchaninterestingbook_____weallliketoread.

这是一本我们都想阅读的如此一本令人感兴趣的书。（定语从句）thatas1.Suchboys____youmentionedarewell.2.Theboys________youmentionedarewell.3.Itissodifficultaproblem___noonecanworkout.4.Itissodifficultaproblem_____noonecanworkitout.5.Sheworethesamehat____youworeyesterday.Practicethat(that/whom)asasas6.Youhavemadethesamemistake_____Marymadelasttime.7.Ihadthesameexperience____youhavenow.8.Shewenttosuchabeautifulplace______Iwantedtovisitit.9.Those____arepresentarewell.10.Isthisfactory_______hevisited?asasthatwhotheone(that)11.Isthisthefactory___________hevisited?12.Heisoneoftheboyswho______presentatthemeetingnow.13.Heistheonlyoneofthemwho______presentatthemeetingnow.14.Heistheoneofthemwho______presentatthemeeting.(which/that)areisisExercises(P9)1.In2004,hewenttoOxfordUniversity

wherehebecameinterestedinChineseCulture.2.SomeofthecitiesinChina

whichhelikesmostareBeijing,……3.Mostofthestudents

whomhetaughthavebecomehisfriends.4.Someofthebooksweregifts

thathegotfromhisChinesefriendsandstudents.5.Thepaintings

thatDaviddonatedtotheschoolarebeingshownintheexhibitionroom.Exercises(P11)Completethearticleonpage11usingwho,whom,whichorwhose.Answers:1.____________2.____________3.____________4.____________5.____________6.____________7.____________8.____________(which/that)(which/that)who/that(whom/who/that)who/thatwhichwhosewho/whomCompletethesentences.2.Ithasmanystudents____________________________________.3.Englishisthesubject_____________________.4.IadmiremostanAmericanlady________________________.fromdifferentcountrieswho/thatarethat/whichIwho/thatteachesusEnglishlikebest5.OurHistoryteachertellsusstories_______________________.6.Ihaveagoodfriend__________________________________.7.Thelibraryisaplace________________________________________.that/whichareveryinterestingwhosenameisSallythat/whichisquiet

andcomfortable/whoiscalledSallyExercises(P89)3.ThesestudentswhoseparentshavecometoChinaforbusinessliketheschoolverymuch.4.Theteachingbuildingthat/whichwasputuplastyearlooksnice.exciting2.prepare3.achieving4.clubs5.selected6.Literature7.attend8.experience1.Thereare54studentsinourclass,______18aregirls.A.morethan B.lessthanC.inthose D.ofwhom

2.We’llrememberthosedays_________wespenttogether.A.when B.inwhichC.inthat D.which

Exer