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考研《英语一》广水市2023年全真模拟试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Howoftendoyouletotherpeople'snonsensechangeyourmood?Doyouletabaddriver,impolitewaiter,rudeboss,oraninsensitiveemployee1yourday?OnedayIwasinataxiandweheaded2theairport.Weweredrivinginthe3lanewhensuddenlyablackcardroveoutofaparkingspacerightinfrontofus.Mytaxidriverslammedonhis4,slidsideways,andattheverylastmomentourcarstoppedand5theothercarbyjustinches!Thedriveroftheothercarlookedaroundandstarted6atus.Mytaxidriverjust7andwavedattheguy.AndImeanhewasreally8.SoIasked,“Whydidyoujustdothat?Thisguyalmostruinedyourcarandsentustothehospital!”ThisiswhenmytaxidrivertaughtmewhatInowcall“TheLawoftheGarbageTruck”.Heexplainedthatmanypeoplearelikegarbagetrucks.Theyrunaroundfullof9,fulloffrustration,fullofanger,andfullofdisappointment.Astheirgarbage10up,theyneedaplacetodumpitandsometimesthey'lldumpiton11.Don'ttakeitpersonally;Justsmile,wave,wishthemwell,andmoveon.Believeme.You'llbe12.Don'ttaketheirgarbageand13ittootherpeopleatwork,athome,oronthestreets.Life'stooshorttowakeupinhemorningwith14Themarkofyoursuccessishowquicklyyoucanrefocusonwhat's15,RoyBaumeister,apsychologyresearcherfromFloridaStateUniversity,foundinhisextensiveresearchthatyou16badthingsmoreofterthangoodthingsinyourlife,youstorethebadmemoriesmoreeasily,andyou17themmorefrequently.Therefore,lovethepeoplewhotreatyourightandignoretheoneswhodon't.Lifeistenpercentwhatyoumakeitandninetypercenthowyou18it!Whenyoufollow“TheLawoftheGarbageTruck”,youtakebackcontrolofyourlife!Youmakeroomforthegoodby19goofthebad.Haveamarvelous,garbage-freeday!Theseedsyouplanttoday20theharvestyouwillreaptomorrow.1、A.enrich B.obtain C.spare D.ruin2、A.through B.to C.in D.for3、A.latter B.right C.opposite D.free4、A.window B.door C.brakes D.seat5、A.knocked B.overtook C.missed D.lost6、A.laughing B.throwing C.glancing D.yelling7、A.wondered B.ignored C.smiled D.guessed8、A.friendly B.angry C.tired D.disappointed9、A.expectation B.passengers C.garbage D.goods10、A.turns B.piles C.holds D.pushes11、A.roads B.children C.you D.dustbin12、A.upset B.happier C.pitiful D.frightened13、A.eontribute B.share C.explain D.spread14、A.surprise B.pleasure C.doubt D.regrets15、A.funny B.important C.strange D.embarrassing16、A.remember B.forget C.value D.appreciate17、A.recalI B.exchange C.enjoy D.imagine18、A.inspire B.take C.mend D.notice19、A.letting B.consisting C.making D.dreaming20、A.distinguish B.deserve C.deliver D.determineSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Whales,sealsandwalrusesstaywarmincoldwaterbecausetheyhaveathicklayerofblubber.Wehumansrelyonsomethinglikeblubber—neoprenerubberwetsuits—tospendtimeincoldwater.Butthethickversionsforreallyicywaterareheavyandclumsy.Soratherthantakingafterbigmarinemammals,whatifwecouldlearnfromthelittlerones,likebeaversandotters?“Theseanimalsarequitesmallandtheycan’tcarryaroundathicklayerofblubber.Soinsteadtheyhavefurthatisevolvedtotrapair,andthisairprovidesalayerofinsulationfortheminwater.”AliceNastoisagraduatestudentinmechanicalengineeringatMIT.Scientistshaveknownaboutthisair-trappinginsulationmechanismforalongtime,buttheyhadnotteasedoutthedetailsofhowitworks.SoNastoandhercolleaguestookonthechallenge.“We’recreatingthesefurrysamplesfromtheserubberymaterialsbylasercuttingmoldsandcastingthesehairysurfaces.Andthroughourapproachwecanpreciselycontrolthespacingofthehairsandthelengthofthehairs.”Theresearchersthencreatedasystemtogatherdatawhentheirpelts(毛皮)enteredandmovedthroughaliquid—inthiscasenotwater,butsiliconeoil,whichmakesiteasiertoseeairbubbles.Thekeyistokeepthepelt’sairlayerintact(完好的).“Sowhenthey’recrossingtheairwaterinterface,initiallytheirhairytextureisfullofair.Andthenyougointowater.Howmuchoftheaircomesdownwithyouasyou’removinginthroughtheinterface.Sothat’swhatthismodelwilltellyou.”Theyfoundthatthedenserthehairs,themoretheairgetstrapped,whichshouldkeeptheanimal—orpotentiallythehumaninafuturefurrywetsuit—warm.TheresearchisinthejournalPhysicalReviewFluids.“Whatwewouldliketoworkonmovingforwardisunderstanding,afteryoudiveintothewater,howdoyoumaintainthisairlayertrappedinyourfur.Andthere’slotsofinterestingpropertiesofthefurinnaturethatwehaven’tyetlookedatinourmodelthatcouldhelpexplainhowthismechanismmightwork.”Sofornow,cold-waterdiversandsurferswillstillemulatesealsorsealions.Butthedaymaycomewhenthey’llmorecloselyresembleottersorbeavers.1、Whatcanmakelittlermammalskeepwarmincoldwater?A.Anair-trappinginsulationmechanism.B.Athicklayerofblubber.C.Afurthatisevolvedtotrapair.D.Aneoprenerubberwetsuit.2、Nastoandhercolleagueshaverevealed_______________.A.thedenserthehairs,themoretheaircanbecarriedwith.B.thewaythisair-trappinginsulationmechanismworks.C.howtheairlayertrappedinthefurismaintainedinwater.D.theexistenceoftheair-trappinginsulationmechanism.3、Thepassageismostprobablytakenfrom______________.A.anewspaperB.atravelbookC.amedicalreportD.asciencemagazine4、Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.AFantasticLayerofFurB.AnImportantResearchC.AWonderfulMechanismD.AGraduate’sChallengeText2AccordingtonewresearchfromtheUniversityofCambridgeinEngland,sheepareabletorecognizehumanfacesfromphotographs.Thefarmanimals,whoaresocialandhavelargebrains,werepreviouslyknowntobeabletorecognizeoneanother,aswellasfamiliarhumans.However,theirabilitytorecognizehumanfacesfromphotosaloneisnovel.Therecentstudy,theresultsofwhichwerepublishedinthejournalRoyalSociety;OpenScience,showthewoollycreaturescouldbetrainedtorecognizestillimagesofhumanfaces,includingthoseofformerPresidentBarackObamaandactressEmmaWatson.Initially,thesheepweretrainedtoapproachcertainimagesbybeinggivenfoodrewards.Later,theywereabletorecognizetheimagesforwhichtheyhadbeenrewarded.Thesheepcouldevenrecognizeimagesoffacesshownatanangle,thoughtheirabilitytodosodeclinedbyabout15percent—thesamerateatwhichahuman’sabilitytoperformthesametaskdeclines,“Anyonewhohasspenttimeworkingwithsheepwillknowthattheyareintelligentandindividualanimalswhoareabletorecognizetheirhandlers.”saidProfessorJennyMorton,wholedtheCambridgestudy.“We’veshownwithourstudythatsheephaveadvancedface-recognitionabilities,closetothoseofhumansandmonkeys.”Recognizingfacesisoneofhismostimportantsocialskillsforhumanbeings,andsomedisordersofthebrain,includingHuntington’sdisease,affectthisability.“Sheeparelong-livedandhavebrainsthataresimilarinsizeandcomplexitytothoseofsomemonkeys.Thatmeanstheycanbeusefulmodelstohelpusunderstanddisordersofthebrain,suchasHuntington’sdiseasethatdevelopoveralongtimeandaffectcognitive(认识的)abilities.Ourstudygivesusanotherwaytomonitorhowtheseabilitieschange.”Mortonsaid.1、Accordingtothenewresearch,what’sunusualaboutsheep?A.Theyhavelargebrains.B.Theycanrecognizetheirowners.C.Theycantellanimalsfromhumans.D.Theycanrecognizehumanfacesfromphotographs.2、Howdidtheresearcherstrainthesheep?A.Bygivingfoodrewards.B.Byshowingphotosoffamouspeople.C.Byguidingthemtofollowtheirhandlers.D.Byshowingphotosofhumansandmonkeysbyturns.3、Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Sheephaveahigherface-recognitionabilitythanmonkeys.B.Thenewdiscoveryisofgreatbenefittothestudyofcognitiveabilitychanges.C.Thesheep’sface-recognitionabilitymaypreventsomedisordersofthebrain.D.Thesheep’sface-recognitionabilitystaysthesamewhenshownphotosatanyangle.4、What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.AWonderfulScientistB.TheLifeofSheepC.ANewDiscoveryaboutSheepD.HowSheepRecognizeEachOtherText3IhaveforgottenthenameofanoldladyinmyhometownwhenIwasatwelve-year-oldboy.YetitdwellsinmymemorythatshetaughtmealessoninforgivenessthatIshallneverforget.Onawinterafternoon,afriendandIwerethrowingstonesontotheroofoftheoldlady’shouse.Asaresult,thestoneheadedstraightforasmallwindow.Weknewwewereintrouble.Weranfasteroffherroof.Iwastooscaredaboutgettingcaughttobeconcernedabouttheoldladywiththebrokenwindowinwinter.However,afewdayslater,Istartedtofeelguiltyforhermisfortune.ShestillgreetedmewithasmileeachdaywhenIgaveherthepaper,butIwasnolongerabletoactcomfortably.Imadeupmymindtosavemypaperdeliverymoney.InthreeweeksIhadthesevendollarsandputthemoneyinanenvelopewithanoteexplainingthatIwassorryforbreakingherwindowandhopedthatthesevendollarswouldcoverthecostforrepairingit.Afterthat,Iwalkeduptotheoldlady’shousesecretly,andputtheletterIdidn’tsignthroughtheletterhole.MysoulfeltrelievedandIcouldhavethefreedomof,onceagain,lookingstraightintotheoldlady’skindeyes.Thenextday,Ihandedtheoldladyherpaperandshethankedmeforthepaper,givingmeabagofcookiesshehadmadeherself.Ithankedherandcontinuedtoeatthecookieswhilewalking.Afterseveralcookies,Ifeltanenvelopeandpulleditoutofthebag.WhenIopenedtheenvelope,Iwasshocked.Insidewerethesevendollarsandashortnotethatsaid,“I’mproudofyou.”1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dwell”referto?A.Appear.B.Change.C.Happen.D.Exist.2、Whathappenedwhentheauthorandhisfriendwerethrowingstones?A.Theroofoftheoldlady’shousewasbroken.B.Thestonebrokeasmallwindowoftheoldlady’s.C.Theoldladybrokeintoherhousesecretly.D.Theoldladygavehimabagofcookies.3、Howdidtheauthorfeelabouthisbreakingtheoldlady’swindow?A.Lucky.B.Discouraging.C.Regretful.D.Annoyed.Text4Adoverestedonatelephonewire.Readyfortakeoff,itraisesitswings,springsintotheairandflapsaway.Thisseriesofactionsissocommonthatyouprobablydonotpayitmuchattention.ButUniversityofManchesterbioinechanicalengineerBenParslewdoes.Heistryingtodesignrobotsthatcanjumplikebirds.Mostconventionalrobotsrollaroundonwheels,limitingmobility.Thereisaneedformoreagilerobotsthat"canjumpoverobstaclesinmessyenvironments,"Parslewsays.Todesignsuchamachine,heturnedtonature:"Birdsarereallygoodjumpers,"henotes.Thetroubleis,whenbirdsstarttotakeoff,theyleansofarforwardthattheyshouldtipoverandfallontotheirbeaks(喙).Yetthatdoesnothappen.Parslewandhisteamusedcomputermodelingtodiscoverhowbirdsavoidthisfate.Theydiscoveredthatbirdstwisttheirbodiesslightlytowardsthebackwhileacceleratingintoajump.Theyalsohaveflexiblelegsandtoejoints,whichpreventthemfromtakingoffbrieflyandimmediatelycrashingintotheground.TheresultwerepublishedlastOctoberinRoyalSocietyOpenScience.Parslewthinksengineerscanusethisinformationtodesignrobotsthatcannotonlyjumpwellbutalsolaunchintoflightmore.efficiently.UniversityofSouthernCaliforniabiomechanistMichaelHabib,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,saysspringsandlevers(杠杆)enablemorerapidacceleration-thanwheelsdo.Andmanyanimalsaremastersofspringsandlevers.“Ifyoucanunderstandhowthatworks,”Habibadds,“youcanbuildarobotthat'sgoodatrunningaroundandgoodatflying,anditwillalsobegoodattakingoffsuddenlyinallkindsofconditionsandlandingonadime.”Parslewisnowdesigningsucharobot,asanalternativetowheeledroversforexploringotherplanets.1、WhatisrightaboutthedovementionedinParagraph1?A.Ittakesoffverybeautifully. B.Itcatcheseveryone'sattention.C.ItgivesBenParslewinspiration. D.ItraisesBenParslew’scuriosity.2、Whatcanwe-inferaboutthetraditionalrobots?A.Theycan'tjumpoverbarriers. B.Theycanonlymoveinonedirection.C.Theycan'tdetectbarriersbeforethem. D.Theycan'tadapttocomplexenvironments.3、Howdoesabirdavoidfallingwhentakingoff?A.Bygettingridofgravity. B.Byflappingitswingshard.C.Byspinningitsbodybackward. D.Byjumpingintotheairquickly.4、Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Birdsprovideinspiration.forhumans.B.Newrobotsthatcanjumphavebeencreated.C.ThedevelopmentofrobotsbenefitsspaceexploreD.Studyingbirds'jumpinghelpsscientistbuildbetterrobots.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)InAugust,casesofamysteriousseverelungdiseaserockedthehealthsociety,1.doctorslookingforthecauseoftheillnessTheyfoundthelinkbetweenvapingandlungdiseaseNow,thereare805lunginjurycasesreportedacross46statesintheUnitedStatesTherehadbeentwelve2.(death)reported,andallcasesreportedahistoryofe-cigaretteuseE-cigaretteuseposesasignificantandavoidablehealthrisktoyoungpeopleintheUnitedStatesBesidesincreasingthe3.(possible)ofaddictionandlong-termharmtobraindevelopmentandrespiratoryhealth,e-cigaretteuse4.(associate)withtheuseofothertobaccoproductsthatcandoeven5.(great)damagetothebodyEvenbreathingine-cigarettesmokethatsomeoneelsehasbreathedout6.(carry)healthrisksItisimportanttopreventharmtoyouthandyoungadultsfrome-cigarettesEveryonehas7.role,includingparents,healthcareproviders,teachers,andthose8.workwithandcareaboutyoungpeopleAvisittoahealthcareprofessionalisagreatchance9.(educate)yourchildonthepotentialrisksofe-cigaretteuseAskyourprovidertodiscussthesehealthrisks,includingnicotineaddictionandtheimpactofnicotineonthe10.(develop)brain,etcFewpeopleIknowseemtohavemuchdesireortimetocookMakingChinese1.(dish)isseenasespeciallytroublesomeManywesterners2.cometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheap3.canbetoeatoutIstillremember4.(visit)afriendwho’dlivedhereforfiveyearsandI5.(shock)whenIlearntshehadn’tcookedonceinallthattimeWhileregularlyeatingoutseemsto6.(become)commonformanyyoungpeopleinrecentyears,it’snotwithoutacostTheobviousoneismoney;eatingoutonceortwiceaweekmaybe7.(afford)butdoingthismostdaysaddsupTherecouldbeaneven8.(high)costonyourhealthResearchershavefoundthatthereisadirectlinkbetweentheincreaseinfoodeatenoutsidethehomeandtherisein9.(weigh)problemsIfyouarenotgoingtosufferthisproblem,thenIsuggestthatthenexttimeyougotoyourmum’shome10.dinner,getafewcookingtipsfromherCookingfoodcanbefunYoumightalsobegintonoticetheeffectsnotonlyonyourhealthbutinyourpocketSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)FilmsandcomputergamesInjustafewdecadesthegamingindustryhasbecomemuchbiggerthanthefilmbusiness.Whatiscalled“interactiveentertainment”makesmoremoneythanHollywoodcinema.Isthereanywayofmakingfilmsmoreappealingtopeoplewholiketoplaycomputergames?Makingafilmoutofabest-sellingcomputergamecanguaranteealargeaudience.1、Nowadaysfilmsaremadewithsimilarones.Theyhaveattractiveactionscenesrelyingonfantasyeffectsaswell.Gamingmarketsconsistofscience-fictiongames,andfilm-makershavealsosetfilmsinscience-fictionworlds.2、Anyattempttoborrowmorethanthesettingfromagameiscertaintofail.Whydogamersfeeldisappointedbyfilmsbasedontheirfavoritegames?Oneofthereasonsistechnical.Noweverythingcanbecomputer-produced.3、However,filmingascenefrom20differentcameraswouldcostafortune,soitsimplyisn’tdoneinthefilmversion—leavingthegamersfeelingthatthefilmdidn’tlookasrealasthecomputergame.4、Inafilmthedirectordoesn’tshowyousomethingstokeepyouhavethefeelingofexcitementoranxiety.Forexample,youwouldn’tbeinterestedinwatchingthefilmifyouknewtheidentityofthemurderer.Butthisisnottrueforcomputergames.Whenyouplayagame,youhavetodocertaintaskstocontinuetothenewlevel.5、Youarealwaysincontrolasaplayer,whileinthecinemayounevercontroltheaction.Youjustsitandwatch.Therecanbesomeinteractionbetweenfilmsandcomputergamesondifferentlevels.Forallthesimilaritiesbetweentechnologiesandspecialeffects,weshouldn’tforgetthatastoryandagamearefundamentallydifferent.A.Camerasmatterinanothersense,too.B.Thesuccessofagameusuallyliesintheuseofspecialeffects.C.Youcan’tinfluencewhathappensatallinthecomputergames.D.Computergamesmayshowtheactionfromanumberofviewseasily.E.Thegamehasagoodchanceofbeingassuccessfulasthefilmonwhichitisbased.F.Youmustbeabletohaveaccesstoalltheinformationinordertodecidewhattodonext.G.However,thedifficultyforfilmproducersappearstobeknowingwhereandwhentostop.Here’showyo-yodietingaffectsyourbodyandyourmindYo-yodieting,alsoknownasweightcycling,occurswhenapersonexperiencesperiodsofweightlossfollowedbyweightgainfollowedbyweightlossandsoonandsoon.Theeffectsofthisweightcyclingaresignificant,evenwhentheweightlostandgainedisaslittleas10pounds.1、.ItcanmakeyougainweightWhiledietingmayhelpyoul
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