天津市宝坻区宝坻第一中学高三下学期第三次模拟英语试题

宝坻一中2020～2021学年度高三第三次模拟英语试卷第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节；满分45分）第一节：单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.—Couldyoudomeafavorandtaketheboxuptothesixfloor?—________.A.Mypleasure B.Withpleasure C.Nowonder D.Noment.【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——你能帮我一个忙，把箱子搬到六楼去吗?——十分愿意。A.Mypleasure我的荣幸；B.Withpleasure十分愿意；C.Nowonder难怪；D.Noment不予置评。根据“Couldyoudomeafavorandtaketheboxuptothesixfloor?”可知，对方非常愿意帮忙。故选B。2.Sheworksina_______schoolandteacheschildrenbetween5and11yearsold.A.primary B.precious C.secondary D.senior【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她在一所小学工作，教5到11岁的孩子。A.primary小学教育的;B.precious贵重的，宝贵的；C.secondary中等教育的；D.senior高级的。根据空后“childrenbetween5and11yearsold”可知，primary符合题意，此处表示她教小学。故选A。3.Theprofessor______sitinhisstudyforhourswhenheworkedonthenewproject.A.could B.might C.would D.should【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：当教授研究新项目的时候，他会在书房里坐上好几个小时。根据句意可知，此处指教授习惯性的做法，情态动词would可以表示一种倾向和一贯做法。故选C项。4.Scientistsaretryingtofindoutwhatadvantageshouldbe_______thenaturalresourcesinthisarea.A.takenoff B.takenon C.takenof D.takenup【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：科学家们正试图找出利用这一地区的自然资源的好处。A.takenoff起飞；B.takenon承担；D.takenup占据。根据“whatadvantage”可知，本题考查短语takeadvantageof利用。故选C。5.Theshopownerwillgetallthesegoodsordered___________tothecustomerstoday.A.todeliver B.delivering C.deliver D.delivered【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查过去分词。句意：商店的主人要在今天把所有顾客预定的货物投递给各位顾客。本句中的ordered是一个过去分词做定语修饰名词goods，指预定好的货物。Thesegoods与动词deliver之间构成被动关系，所以使用过去分词短语在句中做get的宾语补足语。故选D。6.Sheaskedtheyoungmantobebriefand_______asshehadlittletimetospare.A.atbest B.inplace C.tothepoint D.onthespot【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：她要求这个年轻人简明扼要，因为她几乎没有多余的时间。A.atbest顶多，充其量；B.inplace在正确的位置；C.tothepoint切中要点；D.onthespot在现场。根据空前“tobebrief”可知，空处需用tothepoint，表示“简明扼要”之意。故选C。7.Whataterribleexperience!_______,you’resafenowthat’sthemainthing.A.Anyway B.BesidesC.Otherwise D.Therefore【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：多么可怕的经历呀！至少，你现在是安全的——那是最要紧的。A.Anyway无论如何；B.Besides此外；C.Otherwise否则；D.Therefore因此。根据句意可知，anyway意为“无论如何，至少”，符合语境。故选A。8.Youmaythinkofgivingupstudy,in____________casejustthinkitoverbeforemakingthedecision.A.that B.which C.whose D.where【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：你可能会考虑放弃学习，在那种情况下，好好想想再做决定。分析句子可知，此句为非限制性定语从句，此空位于介词“in”后面，指代主句“Youmaythinkofgivingupstudy”，应用关系代词“which”。故选B项。9.—Takeabreak,Amy.You______onthepianoallmorning.—Allright.Butthepetitionisingsoon.Ihavetoworkharder.A.arepractising B.willbepractising C.havebeenpractising D.practice【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：艾米，休息一会吧。你都练钢琴一上午了。好吧。但比赛很快就到了。我还得在努力一下。分析句意，艾米丽已经弹了一上午钢琴而且还将继续弹。所以此处应用现在完成进行时表示从动作从过去持续到现在且还将持续下去的动作。故选C项。10.It’ssaidthatdogswillkeepyou_______foraslongasyouwantwhenyouarefeelinglonely.A.panion B.colleague C.pany D.relation【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：据说，当你感到孤独时，只要你愿意，狗就会一直陪伴着你。A.panion同伴；B.colleague同事；C.pany陪伴；D.relation联系，关联。根据空后“whenyouarefeelinglonely”可知，此处指“狗会陪伴你”，keepsb.pany意为“陪伴某人”。故选C。11.Sheisoverweight,butshecan’t_______thetemptationtoeatmoredeliciousfood.A.forbid B.resist C.reject D.reduce【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她很胖，但她无法抗拒吃更美味食物的诱惑。A.forbid禁止；B.resist抗拒；C.reject排斥；D.reduce减少。由but可知，空处表示不能抗拒美食的诱惑，因为是否定句，需用resist。故选B。12.Thebookisofgreathelpto______wantstodothejob.A.who B.whomever C.nomatterwho D.whoever【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这本书对任何想做这项工作的人都有很大的帮助。根据句意和句子结构可知，空格处单词引导的句子作介词to的宾语，句子为宾语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指人，表示“无论谁”，故应用whoever引导从句，who不符合语境，whomever应在从句中作宾语，nomatterwho只能引导让步状语从句，不用来引导宾语从句。故选D项。13.–You’releftthelighton.Oh,soIhave._____andturnitoff.AI’llgo B.I’vegone C.Igo D.I’mgoing【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词时态，句意：你灯还开着。哦，是的，我去把它关了。这里用willdo表示一种临时决定。选A。14.Undertheregulation,restaurantsandhotelsshallstopofferingthrowawayitems_______customersrequestthem.A.since B.once C.unless D.until【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查状语从句的连接词。句意：根据规定，餐馆和酒店应停止提供一次性物品，除非顾客要求。since作为连词，表示“自从”，引导时间状语从句，表示“因为”，引导原因状语从句；once用作连词，既可以表示“条件”（=if,aslongas），也可以表示“时间”（=assoonas）；unless意为“除非，如果不”，常用来引导条件状语从句；until作为连词，意为“直到......”引导时间状语从句。分析句子可知，如果顾客不要求的话，根据规定，餐馆和酒店应停止提供一次性物品。状语从句表示条件，结合选项看，选项C符合题意。故选C项。15.一Mary，youwatertheplantsnthegardenandIwillcookthedine.一OK，______.A.mypleasure B.nowayC.I'mgladtohearthat D.that'ssettled【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——玛丽，去花园给植物浇一下水，我去烧晚饭。——好的，就这么定了。A.mypleasure我很荣幸；B.noway没门；C.I'mgladtohearthat我很高兴听到这个；D.that'ssettled一言为定。根据句意可知，that'ssettled意为“一言为定”，与题意相符，故选D。第二节：完形填空（共20小题，每小题分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1635各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。LastyearIdecidedtodosomevolunteerwork.Ibeganto____16____ontheInternetanddiscoveredVolunteerUSA.ThreemonthslaterI____17____myselfonaplanetoPhoenix,Arizona.Iwas____18____atthethoughtoflivingwithloadsofnewpeopleforthreemonths.However,withinfifteenminutesof____19____,myworrieshadgone.Everyonewasso____20____andlikemindedthatitwasveryIwassenttotheCoronadoNationalForestformyfirst8day____22____.Wehadto____23____everythingweneededandwalkthreemilestowhereweworked.Itmaynotseemlikea____24____waybutin35Myjobwasto____25____astairwayoutofrock.This____26____climbingupanddownthesideofamountaininhabited(栖息)bymountainlions,althoughIshouldsaytheywereonlyheard,never____27____.Threedayslaterabeautifulstairwaycameintobeing.The____28____ofknowingthatmy____29____willbeonthatmountainsideforyearstoeismassive.Butonthelastnightwewere____30____inathunderstorm.Iwokeupatmidnighttofindaswimmingpoolinmytent.Thetemperaturewascloseto____31____.Ihadtospendtherestofthenighttremblingintheonly____32____partofmytent.____33____,Isufferedalot.ButIknowwhateverIhavetofaceinmylifeIwasthereandI____34____.IthinkIammuch____35____forhavingtakenpartintheproject.16.A.calculate B.negotiate C.advertise D.research17.A.imagined B.introduced C.enjoyed D.found18.A.annoyed B.surprised C.scared D.excited19.A.arriving B.sleeping C.thinking D.walking20.A.confident B.friendly C.energetic D.curious21.A.funny B.good C.lucky D.easy22.A.tour B.project C.campaign D.course23.A.drop B.make C.carry D.buy24.A.nice B.safe C.long D.quick25.A.build B.test C.clean D.guard26.A.helped B.ended C.allowed D.meant27.A.hunted B.trained C.seen D.fed28.A.satisfaction B.ambition C.expectation D.intention29.A.work B.memory C.record D.story30.A.left B.caught C.attacked D.separated31.A.boiling B.average C.normal D.freezing32.A.tidy B.dry C.new D.soft33.A.Bytheway B.Regardlessofthat C.Needlesstosay D.Ineithercase34.A.survived B.resisted C.escaped D.recovered35.A.smarter B.stronger C.happier D.busier【答案】16.D17.D18.C19.A20.B21.D22.B23.C24.C25.A26.D27.C28.A29.A30.B31.D32.B33.C34.A35.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者去年通过网上查询信息得到去科罗拉多国家森林当志愿者的机会，虽然期间作者经历了暴雨中帐篷漏水，为狮子上下山而搭建台阶的繁重工作等磨难，仍然感谢这个经历让自己变得更坚强。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始在网上查询并且发现“美国志愿者”。A.calculate计算；B.negotiate协商；C.advertise登广告；D.research研究。根据前文的“LastyearIdecidedtodosomevolunteerwork.”可知，作者在网上研究有哪些可以做志愿者的信息。故选D项。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：三个月后，我发现自己在飞往亚利桑那州凤凰城的飞机上。A.imagined想象；B.introduced介绍；C.enjoyed喜欢；D.found发现。根据前文的“Ibeganto_1_ontheInternet…”可知，作者之前还在网上查阅，三个月后自己就动身了。故选D项。【18题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一想到我要和一群陌生人一起住三个月，我很害怕。A.annoyed烦恼的；B.surprised惊讶的；C.scared害怕的；D.excited兴奋的。根据后面的“myworrieshadgone.”可知，我一开始很担忧。故选C项。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，到达15分钟里我的担忧就消失了。A.arriving到达；B.sleeping睡觉；C.thinking思考；D.walking行走。根据“feelathome”得知到达目的地不久，作者就不担心了。故选A项。【20题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。A.confident自信的；B.friendly友好的；C.energetic活力的；D.curious好奇的。根据后文“andlikeminded”可推断，作者感觉大家都很友好。故选B项。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。A.funny搞笑的；B.good好的；C.lucky幸运的；D.easy容易的。根据“thatlikeminded”和“feelathome”得知大家都很友好并且志趣相投，感觉到家的温暖很容易。故选D项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我被派往科罗拉多国家森林开始头8天的项目。A.tour游览；B.project项目；C.campaign活动；D.course课程。根据下文“forhavingtakenpartintheproject”可知，这是在说当志愿者的项目，原词复现。故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须带上需要的东西走到三英里外我们工作的地方。A.drop掉下；B.make制作；C.carry携带；D.buy购买。根据下文“withaheavypack”可知，作者他们要背负着必需品走。故选C项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：可能看起来不远，但是在35度高温下，背着沉重的物品，我的腿像是着了火。A.nice好的；B.safe安全的；C.long长的；D.quick快的。根据前文“walkthreemiles”可知，作者他们走的路程不远。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的工作是用岩石建一个阶梯。A.build建造；B.test测试；C.clean清洁；D.guard保卫。根据下文“climbingupanddownthesideofamountain.”可知，作者在狮子栖息地建一个阶梯供狮子攀爬。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着狮子能在山上栖息地通过阶梯爬上爬下。A.helped帮助；B.ended结束；C.allowed允许；D.meant意味。根据“climbingupanddown”可知，台阶修好了意味着狮子可以爬上爬下。故选D项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析句意：虽然我应该说他们只被听说过，从没被亲眼见过。A.hunted捕猎；B.trained训练；C.seen看到；D.fed喂养。根据前文“althoughIshouldsaytheywereonlyheard”可知，作者以前没有见过。故选C项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道我作品将会在未来的几年里出现在那片山坡上，我的满足感是巨大的。A.satisfaction满意；B.ambition雄心；C.expectation期待；D.intention意图。根据上文的“abeautifulstairwaycameintobeing”可知，我修的台阶成型了，我很满意。故选A项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道我的作品将会在未来的几年里出现在那片山坡上，我的满足感是巨大的。A.work工作，作品；B.memory回忆；C.record记录；D.story故事。根据上文的“Myjobwasto”“abeautifulstairwaycameintobeing”可知，修台阶是我的工作。故选A项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是在最后一晚，我们被困在雷雨中。A.left离开；B.caught捉住；C.attacked袭击；D.separated分离。根据下文“Iwokeupatmidnighttofindaswimmingpoolinmytent”可知，作者他们被困在雷雨中。故选B项。【31题详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：温度接近零度。A.boiling煮沸的的；B.average平均的；C.normal正常的；D.freezing冰冻的。根据下文“trembling”得知温度很低。故选D项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不得不后半夜在帐篷干的那一块地方发抖。A.tidy干净的；B.dry干的；C.new新的；D.soft软的。根据上文的“thunderstorm”和后文的“partofmytent”可知，帐篷里进了水，作者蜷缩在帐篷干的地方。故选B项。【33题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：不用说我受了很多苦。A.Bytheway顺便问一下；B.Regardlessofthat尽管这样；C.Needlesstosay不用说；D.Ineithercase在这两种情况下。根据前文给狮子栖息地建造台阶和下雨天帐篷漏水可知，作者当志愿者时受了很多苦。故选C项。【34题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：但是我知道不论人生中面对什么，我都在这，我都活了下来。A.survived生存；B.resisted反抗；C.escaped逃离，抓牢；D.recovered恢复。根据上文“ButIknowwhateverIhavetofaceinmylifeIwasthere.”可知，作者认为再多苦都可以坚持下来，挺过去。故选A项。【35题详解】考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：我认为因为参加这个项目我更强壮了。A.smarter更聪明的；B.stronger更强壮的；C.happier更快乐的；D.busier更忙碌的。根据前文“ButIknowwhateverIhavetofaceinmylifeIwasthere.可知作者感觉经历让他更强壮。故选B项。【点睛】第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每小题分，满分50分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AHarvardSESSIONI:SESSIONII:SESSIONIII:June23July5,2019July7July19,2019July21August2,2019Oursummerprogramforhighschoolstudentsisdesignedtopavethewayforasuccessfulcollegeexperience.HEREYOUCAN:LearnwithoutlimitsPursueyourinterestsincoursesfocusingonphysics,law,writing,philosophy,andadozenothersubjects.LiveatHarvard*YouwillliveinahistoricundergraduatehousenearHarvardSquare.*Yourplancoversthreemealsaday,sevendaysaweek.HavefunoutsidetheclassroomYoumightenjoyaCirqueduSileilperformance,aRedSoxgameatFenwayPark,oratriptotheMuseumofELIGIBILITY(申请资格)Studentsareacademicallymotivatedandwillgraduatein2020or2021.TOAPPLYpleteanonlineapplicationandprovidethefollowingmaterials:the$50nonrefundableapplicationfee;transcripts(成绩单)withfall2018grades;signedrulesandregulations.INTERNATIONALSTUDENTSParticipantsshouldapplyfortheB2touristvisa.IfEnglishisnotyournativelanguage,submitscoresfromtheTOEFLorIELTSlanguageproficiencyexam.APPLICATIONTIPS*Nofeeisrequiredtostartyourapplication.Youwillbeaskedtopaytheapplicationfeeonlyuponsubmittingtheapplication.*Thescoresofsuccessfulapplicantsaretypicallyabove103ontheTOEFLwith25onthewrittensectionoratleast7.5ontheIELTSwith7onthewrittensection.*Useadesktoporlaptop.Youwillbeaskedtowriteshortessaysaspartofyourapplication.Thismaybechallengingtodoonamobilephone.*Youwillreceiveanemailinformingyouoftheapplicationstatusapproximatelythreeweeksafteryouhavepletedyourapplication.36.Harvardorganizessuchaprogramto______.A.reducestudents’academicpressureB.selectgoodstudentstojoininHarvardC.makestudentsobtainhighgradesintheirstudyD.helpstudentspreparefortheirfuturecollegelife37.Whatcanwelearnabouttheprogram?A.Studentsareofferedthreemealsexceptweekends.B.Itmerelyhastwosessionsduringonesummer.C.Itprovidescoursesonvarioussubjectsforstudents.D.StudentscanliveinahotelnearHarvard.38.Ifyouareanativestudentwhowantstoapplyfortheprogram,youneedtoprovide______A.aB2touristvisaB.transcriptswithyourfall2018gradesC.scoresfromtheTOEFLexamD.aremendationletterfromyourhighschoolteacher39.Theapplicantscanlearnfromtheapplicationtipsthat______.A.theirTOEFLorIELTSscoresshouldmeettherequirementsB.theapplicationfeeshouldbepaidbeforetheystartapplyingC.itisconvenienttouseanyelectronicproductstoapplyD.theycanchecktheapplicationstatusinaweek【答案】36.D37.C38.B39.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了哈佛大学帮助学生为大学生活做准备而开设的一个暑期项目的情况。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段Oursummerprogramforhighschoolstudentsisdesignedtopavethewayforasuccessfulcollegeexperience.（我们的高中生暑期项目是为成功的大学生活铺平道路的。）可知哈佛大学组织了这样一个项目来帮助学生为他们未来的大学生活做准备。故选D。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据Learnwithoutlimits部分中Pursueyourinterestsincoursesfocusingonphysics,law,writing,philosophy,andadozenothersubjects.（在物理、法律、写作、哲学和其他十几个学科上追求你的兴趣。）可知项目为学生提供不同学科的课程。故选C。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据TOAPPLY部分中pleteanonlineapplicationandprovidethefollowingmaterials:the$50nonrefundableapplicationfee;transcripts(成绩单)withfall2018grades;signedrulesandregulations.（完成网上申请，并提供以下材料:50美元的不可退还的申请费;2018年秋季成绩单;签署规章制度。）可知如果你是本地学生，想要申请这个项目，你需要提供2018年秋季的成绩单。故选B。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据APPLICATIONTIPS部分中*Thescoresofsuccessfulapplicantsaretypicallyabove103ontheTOEFLwith25onthewrittensectionoratleast7.5ontheIELTSwith7onthewrittensection.（成功申请者的托福成绩一般在103分以上，写作部分25分，雅思至少分，写作部分7分。）可知申请者可以从APPLICATIONTIPS中了解到他们的托福或雅思成绩应该达到的分数要求。故选A。【点睛】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。有一种文章细节理解题是一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。属于浅层次的阅读试题，分数比例较少。解答此类试题时，不必通篇细看原文，而应采取“带着问题找答案”的方法，先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，对照比较，确定答案。如第四小题，根据APPLICATIONTIPS部分中*Thescoresofsuccessfulapplicantsaretypicallyabove103ontheTOEFLwith25onthewrittensectionoratleast7.5ontheIELTSwith7onthewrittensection.（成功申请者的托福成绩一般在103分以上，写作部分25分，雅思至少分，写作部分7分。）可知申请者可以从APPLICATIONTIPS中了解到他们的托福或雅思成绩应该达到的分数要求。故选A。BLisawasrunninglate.Lisa,25,hadalottodoatwork,plusvisitorsontheway:herparentswereinginforThanksgivingfromherhometown.Butasshehurrieddownthesubwaystairs,shestartedtofeelunfortablywarm.Bythetimeshegottotheplatform,Lisafeltweakandtired—maybeithadn’tbeenagoodideatogivebloodthenightbefore,shethought.Sherestedherselfagainstapostclosetothetracks.Severalyardsaway,Frank,43,andhisgirlfriend,Jennifer,foundaspotclosetowherethefrontofthetrainwouldstop.Theyweredeepindiscussionaboutahousetheywerethinkingofbuying.Butwhenheheardthescream,followedbysomeoneyelling,“Oh,myGod,shefellin!”Frankdidn’thesitate(犹豫).Hejumpeddowntothetracksandransome40feettowardthebodylyingontherails.“No!Notyou!”hisgirlfriendshoutedafterhim.Shewasrighttobealarmed.BythetimeFrankreachedLisa,hecouldfeelthetracksshakingandseethelighting.Thetrainwasabout20secondsfromthestation.Itwashardtolifther.Shewasjustout.Buthemanagedtoraiseherfourfeettotheplatform(站台)sothatbystanderscouldholdherbythelegsanddragherawayfromtheedge.ThatwaswhereLisabrieflyregainedconsciousness(知觉),feltherselfbeingpulledalongtheground,andsawsomeoneelseholdingherpurse.Lisathoughtshe’dbeenrobbed.Awomanheldherhandandamangavehisshirttohelpstopthebloodpouringfromherhead.Andshetriedtotalkbutshecouldn’t,andthatwaswhensherealizedhowmuchpainshewasin.Policeandfireofficialssoonarrived,andFranktoldthestorytoanofficer.Jennifersaidherboyfriendwascalmontheir40minutetrainridedowntownjustashehadbeensecondsaftertherescue(营救),whichmadeherthinkaboutherreactionatthetime.“IsawthetrainingandIwasthinkinghewasgoingtodie,”sheexplained.40.WhatwasthemostprobablecauseforLisa’sweakness?A.Shehadrunalongway. B.Shefelthotinthesubway.C.Shehaddonea1otofwork. D.Shehaddonatedbloodthenightbefore.41.WhydidJennifertrytostopherboyfriend?A.Becausetheywouldmisstheirtrain.B.Becausehedidn’tseethetraining.C.BecauseshewassureLisawashardtolift.D.Becauseshewasafraidthetrainwouldkillhim.42.HowdidFranksaveLisa?A.Byliftinghertotheplatform. B.Byhelpingherrisetoherfeet.C.Bypullingheralongtheground. D.Bydraggingherawayfromtheedge.43.WhendidLisabeeconsciousagain?A.Whenthetrainwasleaving.B.Aftershewasbackontheplatform.C.Afterthepoliceandfireofficialscame.D.Whenamanwascleaningthebloodfromherhead.44.Thepassageisintendedto_____________A.warnusofthedangerinthesubway B.showushowtosavepeopleinthesubwayC.tellusaboutasubwayrescue D.reportatrafficaccident【答案】40.D41.D42.A43.B44.C【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。文中讲述弗兰克在地铁营救一个晕倒的女人的感人故事。丽莎因捐血在火车站倍感疲劳，晕倒在铁路上。幸运的是好心的弗兰克跳下站台，冲上铁轨，冒着生命危险营救丽莎。【40题详解】细节理解题。由第一段倒数第二句“Lisafeltweakandtired—maybeithadn’tbeenagoodideatogivebloodthenightbefore”（丽莎感到虚弱和疲倦——也许前一天晚上献血不是个好主意。）可知，丽莎到站台后感到虚弱和疲劳，她认为前一个晚上献血也许不是一个好主意。该句暗示献血才是身体虚弱的根本原因。故选D。【41题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段最后一句“IsawthetrainingandIwasthinkinghewasgoingtodie”（我看见火车来了，我担心男朋友会被火车撞死。）可知，暗示了詹尼弗真正担心的原因。故选D。【42题详解】细节理解题。由倒数第三段“Buthemanagedtoraiseherthefourfeettotheplatformsothatbystanderscouldholdherbythegrins”（但他设法把她抬到了平台上，这样旁观者就可以抓住她的笑容。）可知，弗兰克设法将丽莎弄上了站台。故选A。【43题详解】细节理解题。由倒数第三段的“Itwashardtolifther.Shewasjustout.Buthemanagedtoraiseherthefourfeettotheplatformsothatbystanderscouldholdherbythegrinsanddragherawayfromtheedge.ThatwaswhereLisabrieflyregainedconsciousness”（很难把她抬起来。她刚出去。但他设法把她抬到了四英尺高的平台上，这样旁观者就可以抓住她的笑容，把她从边缘拖走。丽萨就是在那里短暂地恢复了意识.）可知,丽萨是在上了站台后恢复意识的。故选B。【44题详解】推理判断题。写作目的或告诉人们一个事实或给人得到某种教育或让人娱乐，从整篇文章来看，作者给大家讲述一个车站救援的惊险故事。故选C。CMosthumansareabletorecognizeabout1milliondifferentcolors,butsomepeoplecan'trecognizethismanybecauseofsomethingcalledcolorblindness(色盲).Inrarecases,somepeoplecan'tseeanycolorsatall.Therearethreeconeshaped(锥形的)cellsatthebackofoureyesthatallowustoseecolors.Thesecellsabsorbtightwavesandsendamessagetothebrain,wheretheimageisprocessed.Ifsomethingiswrongwiththeseconeshapedcells,thiscanresultincolorblindness.Thankfully,specialcolorcorrectingglasseshavealreadybeenmadetohelpfixsometypesorcolorblindness.Now,accordingtoresearchpublishedinOpticsLetters,scientistshaveprovidedanotherchoice.SharonKarepovandTalEllenbogen,engineersfromTelAvivUniversityinIsrael,havefoundawaytoapplythistechnologytocontactlenses(隐形眼镜).Thisisgoodnewsforthemillionsofpeopleworldwidewhosufferfromcolorblindness.Oneofthemostmontypesofcolorblindnessisredgreencolorblindness.Peoplewhohavethisspecifictypehavedifficultytellingthecolorsredandgreenapart."Problemswithdistinguishingredfromgreenstopsimpledailyroutinessuchasdecidingwhetherabananaisripe,"Karepovexplained.Karepovalsostressedtheimportanceofapplyingthisfindingtocreatespecialcontactlensesinsteadofrelyingoncolorcorrectingglasses."Glassesbasedonthiscorrectionconceptaremerciallyavailable.However,theyaretoobigthancontactlenses."Karepovsaid."Ourcontactlensescreateacustomized,pactanddurable(耐用的)waytodealwiththeseshortings."Thisnewresearchisgroundbreaking.Inadditiontoofferingthosewhoarecolorblindanotheroption,itmayleadtosolutionsforothervisualdamage.45.Whatcancausecolorblindness,accordingtothearticle?A.Onlyonetypeofconeshapedcellexistsintheeyes.B.Coneshapedcellscannotprocessimagesreceived.C.Thebrainfailstoabsorbandprocesslightwaves.D.Coneshapedcellsprobablydon'tworkproperly.46.Whatistrueaboutpeoplewithcolorblindness?A.Theycanrecognize1milliondifferentcolors.B.Theyarenotinterestedincolorfulstuff.C.Theymayfinddailytasksmoredifficult.D.Theyhavefewerconeshapedcellsthanotherpeople.47.Whatdoes"thistechnology"meansinParagraph5?A.Threeconeshapedcells. B.Specialcolorcorrectingglasses.C.Processedimage. D.Redgreencolorblindnesstype.48.Whatistheadvantageofthecontactlensesovertheglasses?A.Theyaremuchsmaller. B.Theyareeasiertomake.C.Theyaremuchcheaper. D.Theycanhelpcorrectcolorblindness.49.WhyisSharonKarepovandTalEllenbogen'sresearchgroundbreaking?A.Ithasledtoacureforcolorblindness.B.Ithasfoundcausesofvisualdamage.C.Itcouldleadtosolutionsforothervisualdamage.D.Ithashelpedtodevelopglassestofixvisualdamage.【答案】45.D46.C47.B48.A49.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了以色列特拉维夫大学的工程师SharonKarepov和TalEllenbogen已经研制出一种特殊眼镜来帮助修复一些色盲，文章还分析了色盲群体中视觉缺陷的原因，并介绍了一些目前正在进行的有效的，可行的，对于视力缺陷者有帮助的方法。

【45题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Ifsomethingiswrongwiththeseconeshapedcells,thiscanresultincolorblindness.(如果这些锥形细胞出了问题，就会导致色盲。)”可知锥形细胞出问题，运转不适会导致色盲，故选D项。

【46题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段“Peoplewhohavethisspecifictypehavedifficultytellingthecolorsredandgreenapart."Problemswithdistinguishingredfromgreenstopsimpledailyroutinessuchasdecidingwhetherabananaisripe,"Karepovexplained.(有这种特殊类型的人很难区分红色和绿色。Karepov解释说:“区分红色和绿色的问题妨碍了一些简单的日常习惯，比如判断香蕉是否成熟。”)”可知有色盲的人在日常生活中的一些事情会遇到困难，所以他们会觉得一些基本的事情有点困难，故选C项。

【47题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段“Thankfully,specialcolorcorrectingglasseshavealreadybeenmadetohelpfixsometypesorcolorblindness.(值得庆幸的是，人们已经研制出了一种特殊的颜色矫正眼镜来帮助修复某些类型的色盲。)”可知specialcolorcorrectingglasses(特殊颜色矫正眼镜)可以帮助修复某些类型的色盲，结合第五段“SharonKarepovandTalEllenbogen,engineersfromTelAvivUniversityinIsrael,havefoundawaytoapplythistechnologytocontactlenses(隐形眼镜).Thisisgoodnewsforthemillionsofpeopleworldwidewhosufferfromcolorblindness.(以色列特拉维夫大学的工程师SharonKarepov和TalEllenbogen已经找到了一种将这项技术应用到隐形眼镜上的方法。这对全世界数百万患有色盲的人来说是个好消息。)”可知thistechnology指的是specialcolorcorrectingglasses(特殊颜色矫正眼镜)，故选B项。【48题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“"Glassesbasedonthiscorrectionconceptaremerciallyavailable.However,theyaretoobigthancontactlenses."Karepovsaid."Ourcontactlensescreateacustomized,pactanddurable(耐用的)waytodealwiththeseshortings."(基于这种矫正概念的眼镜已经上市。不过，它们比隐形眼镜大。”Karepov说。“我们的隐形眼镜创造了一种定制的、紧凑的、持久的方式来解决这些缺点。”)”可知矫正色盲眼镜比隐形眼镜大，这是一个缺点，由此可推知隐形眼镜的优势是相之下比较小，故选A项。

【49题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thisnewresearchisgroundbreaking.Inadditiontoofferingthosewhoarecolorblindanotheroption,itmayleadtosolutionsforothervisualdamage.(这项新研究是具有开创性的。除了为色盲者提供另一种选择外，它还可能为其他视觉损伤提供解决方案。)”可知它可以为其他视觉损伤提供解决方案。故选C项。

DThosewithclosedmindsrefusedtoconsideranycontradictoryfacts,andtheyproceedwiththeirplannedcourseofaction,fullspeedahead,withtheir“mindsmadeup”andtightlyshut.Asanillustration,considerthesituationin1986,priortothespaceshuttleChallenger’sdisatrouslaunchthatkilledallsevenastronautsaboard,therewasaheatedtelephonedebatebetweentwoengineersfromthepanythatproducedtheshuttleboosterrocketsandthetopofficialsofNASA(thefederalgovernment’sspaceagency).TheengineersinsistedthattheflightwastooriskybecauseoffreezingtemperatureattheFloridalaunchsite.Theyexplainedthatsomeofthesealsonthefueltankswerenotdesignedtowithstandsuchlowtemperaturesandmightleakunderpressure,thusendangeringthecraftandcrew.Despitethepleastostoptheflight,officialsatNASAoverruledtheengineers,whowerebestqualifiedtomakejudgmentsabouttheplextechnicalproblemsofspaceflight.Whatcausedtheofficialstoignoretheengineers?Severalflightshadalreadybeenpostponed,anditwouldnotlookgoodtopostponeanother.Itwouldbebadpublicrelationstodisappointthecrowdsofpeopleandnewsreporterswaitingforthelaunch.Topgovernmentofficialswerereadytoappearonthenationaltelevisionandtakethecreditforanothersafeflight.Asaresult,withtheirmindsabsolutelyclosedtothefactspresentedbytheengineers,NASAofficialsorderedtheChallengertotakeoff.Seventythreesecondslater,thespacecraftwasenvelopedinflame.Incredibly,seventeenyearslater,thelessonoftheChallengerdisasterwasrepeated.In2003,thespaceshuttleColumbiabrokeapartwhilereenteringtheearth’satmosphere,killinganothercrewofseven.Duringtheshuttle’sliftoff,apieceoffoaminsulation(泡沫隔热材料)hadbrokenoff,hittingtheshuttle'swingatfivehundredmilesperhour.LowerlevelengineersatNASAbeggedforphotographsoftheColumbiainorbit,whichmighthaveshowntheextentofthedamage,buttheirclosedmindedsuperiorsignoredtheirrequests.Itwasthedamagecausedbythe1.7poundchunkofinsulationthatdoomedtheColumbia.Thereisnovirtueinignoringcontradictoryfactsand“stickingtoyourguns”whenthecoursetakenshowsallthesignsofbeingthewrongone.Closedmindsareespeciallynoticeableinpoliticalcampaignsanddebates.Manypeoplelineuptosupportonecandidateoranotherandwon’tlistentoanyfactspresentedbytheopposingcandidate.Allthosewithanopenmindsayisthis:“Idon’tknoweverything,soI’dbetterkeepmymind,eyes,andearsopentoanynewfactsthatmayealong.”Theworldwouldbeamuchbetterandsaferplaceifeveryonehadthisattitude.50.WhichofthefollowingbroughtaboutthedisastrouslaunchoftheChallenger?A.Itscrew B.TheengineersC.Thefueltanks’seals D.Thesizeofitsrocket51.WhentheengineersappealedtostopthelaunchoftheChallenger,thegovernmentofficials___________.A.postponedtheflightatonce.B.madejudgmentsabouttheplextechnicalproblems.C.announcedthenewsonnationaltelevision.D.orderedtolaunchtheChallengerasscheduled.52.WhatcouldbeinferredfromParagraph3?A.TheColumbiadisasterwasimpossibletoforesee.B.EngineersweretoblamefortheColumbia’sexplosion.C.TheColumbiadisastercouldhavebeenavoided.D.TheColumbiawasdeliberatelydamaged.53.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“stickingtoyourguns”inParagraph4mean?A.Hol