北京尚乐中学高二英语期末试卷含解析

北京尚乐中学高二英语期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.Sam,ineveryway,hashandledthechallenge,_____hisfriend_____howhe’sachievedsuccessinspiteofthedifficulties.A．overcome;by

B．overcoming;withC．impressed;by

D．impressing;with参考答案：D试题分析：考查动词和介词。句意：山姆全面的解决了这个问题，他排除万难获得成功，这使他的朋友们印象很深，impresssbwithsth使某人印象深刻，动词与主语之间是主动关系，故选D项。考点：考查动词和介词2.Theylitafireto______wildanimals.A.keepaway

B.keepoff

C.keepup

D.keepback参考答案：B略3.Asa__________writer,Janiceisnotwillingtoacceptnewideas.

A.controversial

B.contradictory

C.contemporary

D.conventional参考答案：D4.Theboybecamefatterandfattereachdayand_____madehisparentssad.A.which

B.what

C.he

D.it参考答案：D5.Totheparents’worry,somemiddleschoolstudentsare______computergamesandcompletelyforgettheirstudies.A.crazyabout

B.veryfondof

C.concernedfor

D.seriousabout参考答案：A24.---Areyoucontentwithherlecture?---Nowherenearthat.It______.A.mayhavebeengood

B.couldn’thavebeenworse

C.can’tbebetter

D.mustbebetter参考答案：B略7.—I’lltakethedrivingtestthismonth.

—_______youshouldfail?A.WhynotB.HoweverC.Whereif

D.Whatif参考答案：D8.Thebirdsnearthelake________worms.

A.arefedon

B.feedon

C.arefedupwith

D.feedto参考答案：B9.Whatpuzzlesmemostiswhysomanystudentsburythemselvesinpilesofmathsexercises_________theyshouldsparesometimetoreflectontheirpreviousmistakes.A.once

B.unlessC.when

D.though参考答案：C【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：最让我不理解的就是为什么会有那么多的学生本该花些时间反思自己以前的错误的时候却在那里埋头于大量的数学练习题。分析句子的结构可知，本句为when引导时间状语从句，表示该反思自己以前的错误的时候，前面的主语为what引导的主语从句；故选C。10.ThefilmSoYoungdirectedbyZhaoWei_______manypeopleborninthe1980s.A.appliesto

B.adaptsto

C.attemptsto

D.appealsto参考答案：D11.Thepalaceisheavilyguarded,becauseinsideitswalls________.A.wheresittheEuropeanleaders

B.theEuropeanleaderstheresit

C.sittheEuropeanleaders

D.thattheEuropeanleaderssit参考答案：C12.----Haveyoubeenworkingheresincegraduation?

----No,I______inamiddleschoolforfiveyears.A.havetaughtB.taughtC.wasteachingD.hadtaught参考答案：B略13.Theboy’snewbikewas____envyofhisfriends.A.a

B.the

C./

D.an

参考答案：B14.Withouthiswife’shelp,George_______hisnewlifesosoon.A.couldn’thavestarted

B.couldhavestarted

C.mustn’thavestarted

D.wouldhavestarted参考答案：A15.----Say,Jane,willyoucomewithmetothegameFriday?

----

,Bob,butIpromisedMaryI’dgowithher.

A.Forgetit

B.Thanks

C.Takeiteasy

D.Mypleasure参考答案：B略16.Idoeverysinglebitofhousework________myhusbandBobjustdoesthedishesnowandthen.A．since

B．while

C．when

D．as参考答案：B17.Theyoungmanspentasmuchtimeashe__overhislessons.A.went

B.couldgo

C.couldgoing

D.couldtogo参考答案：C二、新的题型18.Attimes,ourworriesandanxietiescandefeatus.

36

Hereisabrieflistoftechniquesthatyoucanusetohelpgainabetterviewpointonthingsduringtheanxiousmoments.37

Apersonshouldtakeadeepbreathandtrytofindsomethingtodoforafewminutestogettheirmindofftheproblem.Apersoncouldgetsomefreshair,listentosomemusic,ordoanactivitythatwillgivethemafreshperspectiveonthings.Rememberthatourfearfulthoughtsaremadetoseemworseandcanmaketheproblemworse.38

Whenunexpectedlyhavingthoughtsthatmakeyoufearfuloranxious,challengethesethoughtsbyaskingyourselfpositivequestionsthatwillmaintainobjectivityandcommonsense.Besmartinhowyoudealwithfearsandanxieties.Donottrytodealwitheverythingallatonce.Whenfacingacurrentorupcomingtaskthatmakesyouanxious,breakthetaskintosmallones.

39Rememberthatalltheworryingintheworldwillnotchangeanything.Mostofwhatyouworryaboutnevercomestrue.40

ThenyoushouldleaveeverythingelseinthehandsofGod.Itisnoteasytodealwithallthefearsandworries.Whenyourfearsandanxietieshavethebestofyou,trytocalmdownandthengetthefactsofthesituation.Thekeyistotakeitslow.Allyoucandoisdoingyourbesteachday,hopeforthebest,andwhensomethingdoeshappen,takeiteasy.Takeitonestepatatimeandthingswillworkoutwellatlast.A.Whenfeelinganxious,stopwhatyouaredoingandtrytodosomethingrelaxing.B.Thiswillgiveyoutheconfidencetomanageyouranxiety.C.Insteadofworryingaboutsomethingthatprobablywon’thappen,concentrateonwhatyouareabletodo.D.Thenexttimeyoufeeldepressed,reviewyourlistandthinkaboutthegoodthingsthatyouhaveinyourlife.E.Agoodwaytomanageyourworryistochallengeyournegativethinkingwithpositivestatementsandrealisticthinking.F.Inaddition,ourworriescanchangeourunderstandingofwhatisrealityandwhatisnot.G.Completingthesesmallertasksonceatatimewillmakethestressmoremanageableandincreaseyourchancesofsuccess.参考答案：36-40．FAEGC36．根据空前的内容可知这里应该填入的是忧虑的危害。结合上下文的意思，故选F。37．根据下文的takeadeepbreath，getsomefreshair，listentosomemusic可知这里讲的是放松心情。故选A。38．根据空后的challengethesethoughtsbyaskingyourselfpositivequestionsthatwillmaintainobjectivityandcommonsense，通过问你自己一些积极的问题来挑战那些想法。”注意这里的positive。故选E。39．根据空前的Whenfacingacurrentorupcomingtaskthatmakesyouanxious，breakthetaskintosmallones．“当你面对一个现有的或者即将到来的令人焦虑任务时，把这个任务分解成几个小任务。”而G选项正是说的分解任务的好处。故选G。40．根据空后的ThenyoushouldleaveeverythingelseinthehandsofGod．“然后你应该把其他的所有事情交到上帝的手中去。”所以这个空的意思是尽人事，知天命。C项意为“专注在你能做的事情上，而不是去担心一些有可能不会发生的事情。”故选C。三、阅读理解19.Modernlifestylesaregenerallyquitedifferentfromthoseofourhunter-gathererancestors,afactthatsomeclaimasthecauseofthecurrentriseinglobalobesity,butnewresultspublishedJuly25intheopenaccessjournalPLOSONEfindthatthereisnodifferencebetweentheenergyexpenditure(耗费)ofmodernhunter-gatherersandWesterners,castingdoubtonthistheory.Theresearchteambehindthestudy,ledbyHermanPontzerofHunterCollegeinNewYorkCity,alongwithDavidRaichlenoftheUniversityofArizonaandBrianM.WoodofStanfordmeasureddailyenergyexpenditureamongtheHadza,apopulationoftraditionalhunter-gathererslivingintheopenSavannahofnorthernTanzania.Despitespendingtheirdayshikinglongdistancestoseekforwildplantsandgame,theHadzaburnednomorecalorieseachdaythanadultsintheU.S.andEurope.Theteamranseveralanalysesaccountingfortheeffectsofbodyweight,bodyfatpercentage,age,andgender.Inallanalyses,dailyenergyexpenditureamongtheHadzahunter-gathererswasindistinguishable(难以区分的)fromthatofWesterners.Thestudywasthefirsttomeasureenergyexpenditureinhunter-gatherersdirectly;previousstudieshadreliedentirelyonestimates.Thesefindingsoverturnthelong-heldassumptionthatourhunter-gathererancestorsexpendedmoreenergythanmodernpopulations,andchallengetheviewthatobesityinWesternpopulationsresultsfromdecreasedenergyexpenditure.Instead,thesimilarityindailyenergyexpenditureacrossabroadrangeoflifestylessuggeststhathabitualmetabolic(新陈代谢的)ratesarelyconstantamonghumanpopulations.Thisinturnsupportstheviewthatthecurrentriseinobesityisduetoincreasedfoodconsumption,notdecreasedenergyexpenditure.Itmeanswehavemoretolearnabouthumanphysiology(生理学)andhealth,particularlyinnon-Westernsettings."Theseresultshighlightthecomplexityofenergyexpenditure.It'snotsimplyafunctionofphysicalactivity,"saysPontzer.”Ourmetabolicratesmaybemoreareflectionofoursharedevolutionarypastthanourdiversemodernlifestyles."12．Accordingtothenewresearch,hunter-gatherersconsume_________.A．thesameenergyasWesterners

B．moreenergythanWesternersC．lessenergythanWesterners

D．thesamefoodasWesterners13．Howdidtheresearchteamdothenewresearch?A．Bycomparinghikingdistances.

B．Byidentifyingwildplantsandgame.C．Byestimatingdailyenergyexpenditure.

D．Bymeasuringdailyenergyexpenditure.14．Peoplehavelongassumedthat_________.A．theriseinobesityisduetoincreasedfoodconsumptionB．decreasedenergyexpendituremakesWesternersfatC．dailyenergyexpenditurestaysthesameinhistoryD．humans’habitualmetabolicratesareunchanged15．Whichofthefollowingcanreflectoursharedevolutionarypast?A．Ourphysiologyactivity.

B．Ourenergyexpenditure.C．Ourmetabolicrates.

D．Ourmodernlifestyle.参考答案：12．

A

13．

D

14．

B

15．

C

【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现不同生活方式下日常的能量消耗相似，这表明人类的新陈代谢相对恒定，并不是现在我们每天消耗的能量比我们的祖先少而导致肥胖。12．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“butnewresultspublishedJuly25intheopenaccessjournalPLOSONEfindthatthereisnodifferencebetweentheenergyexpenditure(耗费)ofmodernhunter-gatherersandWesterners,”可知，研究结果发现现代的狩猎采集者和西方人的能量消耗没什么差别，故A项正确。13．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“…measureddailyenergyexpenditureamongtheHadza,apopulationof