（2021初中学业水平）2021年中考英语重难题型14科普知识与现代技术

话题十四：科普知识与现代技术

（时间：25分钟分值：26分）I.（2020安徽中考改编）完形填空。（1。分）Inrecentyears,withmoreandmorecarsontheroad,flyingrobotsareusedtodeliver（递送）mails.Flyingrobotscan1mailstopeople'shouseswithouthavingtodealwithheavy2.Buttheywillspendtoomuchtimeinreturning.Aresearchcenteristryingtoimproveitsflyingrobotswiththe3ofhomingpigeons^言鸽）.Homingpigeonsarepigeonsthatare4trainedtoflyhomefromsomewhereelse.Intests,researchers§thathomingpigeonswere6efficient（高效的）thanflyingrobotsatreturningtotheirhome.7theresearchcenteristryingtouseaflyingrobot,togetherwithahomingpigeon,todelivermails.Aftertherobotfinishesitstasks,itcan8thepigeonbackintheshortestpossibletime.Althoughitwillcostmoremoneyto9pigeons,theresearchcentersaysthatitcan10time.Andthetimeitsaveswillmakeupforthecost.（）1.A.inviteB.carryC.blowD.kick（）2.A.trafficB.rainC.fireD.pollution（）3.A.helpB.luckC.treatD.interest（）4.A.poorlyB.carelesslyC.speciallyD.musically（）5.A.promisedB.jokedC.plannedD.found（）6.A.lessB.moreC.littleD.much（）7.A.SoB.ButC.WhenD.As（）8.A.trainB.knockC.followD.steal（）9.A.dressB.paintC.cleanD.raise（）10.A.expectB.showkillD.save11.（2020重庆中考B舂改编）阅读理解。（6分）Facialrecognitiontechnology（人脸识另U技术）iswidelyusedtoday.Forexample,policeuseittosearchforbadguys.It'salsousedtounlockphonesordoors.Now,asimilartechnology，knownasfacialdetection（探测）,isenteringanewfield:thebusinessofadvertising（广告）.Suchsystemsaregoingthroughtestsinasmallnumberofstores.Onefacialdetectionsystemcanjudgeaperson*s“happiness"or"fbar"level.Thathelpsbusi-nessesseehowpeoplefeelastheylookatproductsoradvertisementsinthestore.Anothersystemcandetectwhethersomeoneiswearingeyeglasses.Ifso,storescansendadvertisementsfornewglassestohim.Facialdetectiontechnologyisalsoplacedinsidesomelargeadvertisingboards.Camerasinthoseboardscandetectinformationlikepeople'sagesandfivelevelsoffeelings一from“veryhappy"to“veryunhappy”.Supportersofthetechnologysayitcouldimprovebuyers1experiencebyshowingproductstheymightlikeorbyofferingthemproductsatlowerprices.Someareagainsttheideaofusingsuchsystems.PamDixon,theheadofaprivacy（隐私）group,isoneofthem.Shethinksthestrangeactionsmaycausesomethingunfair.Forexample,abusinesscouldraisethepriceofaproductaccordingtoaperson'sageandfeelings.However,onestoretestingthetechnologyexplainedtheywouldn'tstorepeople'sinformationlikenamesorages.Andtheadvertisingboardsystemmakersaiditdidn*tkeepanypersonalinformationorrecordanyvideos.（）1.Facialdetectiontechnologycantellpeople's,accordingtothepassage.A.weightB.feelingsC.heightD.jobs（）2.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatfacialdetec-tiontechnology.A.candetectbuyers*namesandrecordthemB・isputinsidesomelargeadvertisingboardsC.maybeusedtosellcheapergoodsinallstoresD.mayneedsometimebeforebeingwidelyused（）3.Thebesttitleofthepassagemaybe"A.FacialRecognitionTechnologyEnteringaNewFieldB・FacialRecognitionTechnologyLookingforBadGuysC.FacialDetectionTechnologyGoingintoAdver-tisingFieldFacialDetectionTechnologyImprovingBuyers1Experience111.（2020十堰中考改编）任务型阅读。（10分）Ifyoulookatthetopofyourphone,youwillusuallyseealittlesymbolthatsays3Gor4G.TheGmeans“generation"ofyourmobilenetwork.Butthesesymbolswillbecomethingsofthepastafter5Gnetworksfullyarrive.OnMarch30,Shanghaivice-mayor（副市长）WuQingmadethefirst5GvideocallontheHuaweiMateXSmartphone.Shanghaihasalsobecomethefirstcityinourcountrytostarttesting5Gnetworks.Moreandmorepeoplestartedtolearnabout5Gbecauseithasmanyadvantages.5Gwillletpeopledownloadanduploadthedata（上传数据）fasterthanbefore.Peoplecanuseitformanyotherthingsaswell.Forexample,5Gwillhelptomakeself-drivingcarssafer.Today'sself-drivingtestcarstaketimetosendtheinformationandreceivetheinstructions.Theycan'treactintime.Withthehelpof5G,thiscanbegreatlyimproved.Peoplecouldalsouse5GtopowertheInternetofThings（IOT物联网）.It'salargeonlinenetworkthatconnectsallthingsandpeople.FastInternetspeedwillbethekeytodevelopingthistechnology.5Gisontheway.Itwillleadustoanewworld.Areyouready?1题完成句子；2、3题简略回答问题；4题找出并写下第三段的主题句；5题将文中画线句子译成汉语。TheGmeans“generation”ofyour.WhendidWuQingmakethefirst5GvideocallontheHuaweiMateXSmartphone?WhatwillbethekeytodevelopingIOT?•o答案话题十四：科普知识与现代技术(时间：25分钟分值：26分)I.(2020安徽中考改编)完形填空。(10分)Inrecentyears,withmoreandmorecarsontheroad,flyingrobotsareusedtodeliver(递送)mails.Flyingrobotscan]mailstopeople'shouseswithouthavingtodealwithheavy2.Buttheywillspendtoomuchtimeinreturning.Aresearchcenteristryingtoimproveitsflyingrobotswiththe3ofhomingpigeons6言鸽).Homingpigeonsarepigeonsthatare4trainedtoflyhomefromsomewhereelse.Intests,researchers§thathomingpigeonswere6efficient(高效的)thanflyingrobotsatreturningtotheirhome.7theresearchcenteristryingtouseaflyingrobot,togetherwithahomingpigeon,todelivermails.Aftertherobotfinishesitstasks,itcan8thepigeonbackintheshortestpossibletime.Althoughitwillcostmoremoneyto9pigeons,theresearchcentersaysthatitcan10time.Andthetimeitsaveswillmakeupforthecost.(B)l.A.inviteB.carryC.blowD.kick(A)2.A.trafficB.rainC.fireD.pollution(A)3.A.helpB.luckC.treatD.interest(C)4.A.poorlyB.carelesslyC.speciallyD.musically(D)5.A.promisedB.jokedC.plannedD.found(B)6.A.lessB.morelittleD.much(A)7.A.SoB.ButC.WhenD.As(C)8.A.trainB.knockC.followD.steal(D)9.A.dressB.paintC.cleanD.raise(D)10.A.expectB.showC.killD.save11.(2020重庆中考B卷改编)阅读理解。(6分)Facialrecognitiontechnology(人脸识另1技术)iswidelyusedtoday.Forexample,policeuseittosearchforbadguys.Itsalsousedtounlockphonesordoors.Now,asimilartechnology，knownasfacialdetection(探测),isenteringanewfield:thebusinessofadver-tising(广告).Suchsystemsaregoingthroughtestsinasmallnumberofstores.Onefacialdetectionsystemcanjudgeaperson*s“happiness"or"ear"level.Thathelpsbusi-nessesseehowpeoplefeelastheylookatproductsoradvertisementsinthestore.Anothersystemcandetectwhethersomeoneiswearingeyeglasses.Ifso,storescansendadvertisementsfornewglassestohim.Facialdetectiontechnologyisalsoplacedinsidesomelargeadvertisingboards.Camerasinthoseboardscandetectinformationlikepeople'sagesandfivelevelsoffeelings-from"veryhappy"to"veryunhappy”.Supportersofthetechnologysayitcouldimprovebuyers*experiencebyshowingproductstheymightlikeorbyofferingthemproductsatlowerprices.Someareagainsttheideaofusingsuchsystems.PamDixon,theheadofaprivacy(隐私)group,isoneofthem.Shethinksthestrangeactionsmaycausesomethingunfair.Forexample,abusinesscouldraisethepriceofaproductaccordingtoaperson'sageandfeelings.However,onestoretestingthetechnologyexplainedtheywouldn'tstorepeople'sinformationlikenamesorages.Andtheadvertisingboardsystemmakersaiditdidn*tkeepanypersonalinformationorrecordanyvideos.(B)l.Facialdetectiontechnologycantellpeople's，accordingtothepassage.A.weightB.feelingsC.heightD.jobs(D)2.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatfacialdetec-tiontechnology.A.candetectbuyers*namesandrecordthemB・isputinsidesomelargeadvertisingboardsC.maybeusedtosellcheapergoodsinallstoresD.mayneedsometimebeforebeingwidelyused(C)3.Thebesttitleofthepassagemaybe"A.FacialRecognitionTechnologyEnteringaNewFieldB・FacialRecognitionTechnologyLookingforBadGuysC.FacialDetectionTechnologyGoingintoAdver-tisingFieldFacialDetectionTechnologyImprovingBuyers1Experience111.（2020十堰中考改编）任务型阅读。（10分）Ifyoulookatthetopofyourphone,youwillusuallyseealittlesymbolthatsays3Gor4G.TheGmeans“generation“ofyourmobilenetwork.Butthesesymbolswillbecomethingsofthepastafter5Gnetworksfullyarrive.OnMarch30,Shanghaivice-mayor（副市长）WuQingmadethefirst5GvideocallontheHuaweiMateXSmartphone.Shanghaihasalsobecomethefirstcityinourcountrytostarttesting5Gnetworks.Moreandmorepeoplestartedtolearnabout5Gbecauseithasmanyadvantages.5Gwillletpeopledownloa