Module10模块知识梳理九年级英语上册

Module10Australia知识梳理知识点一知识点一重点短语accordingto根据；按照；据……所说sailingboat帆船keepsb./sth.away

(使)避开；(使)不靠近cutsth.offsth.把某物从某物上剪掉keepadiary写日记atthetime那时；在那段时间besurprisedat...对……感到惊奇atthemoment此刻；目前haveacloserelationshipwith...

与……关系密切inmanyways在很多方面lieinthesun躺在阳光下inone’sownway用某人自己的方式forexample例如worryabout...担心……gohorseriding骑马beleftfarbehind...被远远地甩在……后面知识点二知识点二重点句型asksb.todosth.要求某人做某事writealettertosb.给某人写信beusedtodosth.被用来做某事知识点知识点三重点语法that引导的定语从句考点1概念：修饰某一个名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。e.g.Thisisaninterestingbook.这是一本有趣的书。(形容词interesting作定语。)Thisisabookthathasbeautifulpictures.这是一本有漂亮图画的书。(句中thathasbeautifulpictures作定语,修饰book。)如果把Thisisabook.和Thebookhasbeautifulpictures.合并为一个句子,就可得到:Thisisabookthathasbeautifulpictures.这是一本有漂亮图画的书。考点2被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。从句放在被修饰词(即先行词)之后。引导定语从句的词叫关系词。that作关系词可指物或人,在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。e.g.I’mlookingforthephotosthatyoutookinAustralia.我正在找你在澳大利亚拍的照片。(作宾语)Therewerekangaroosthatwerejumpingalongsidethecar.袋鼠正在小汽车旁边跳。(作主语)注意：(1)在定语从句中,关系代词取代了作主语或作宾语的词,因此在定语从句中不能再重复这些词。e.g.Australiaisthecountry.MostBritishpeoplewouldliketovisitit.(合并成定语从句)AustraliaisthecountrythatmostBritishpeoplewouldliketovisit.(对)AustraliaisthecountrythatmostBritishpeoplewouldliketovisitit.(错)(2)当关系词在定语从句中作主语时,从句中的谓语动词应与先行词在人称和数上保持一致。e.g.Theylivedinsomehousesthatwerecoldandunsafe.他们住在一些又冷又不安全的房子里。(were与先行词houses保持一致)Ihaveafriendthatlovessports.我有一个喜欢体育运动的朋友。(loves与先行词friend保持一致)知识点知识点三重点知识Unit1IhavesomephotosthatItookinAustralialastyear.①Accordingtothelocalpeople,it’saspecialandmagicalplace.accordingto根据;按照;据……所说accordingto后一般不接view（看法）和opinion（意见）这类词，也不接表示第一人称的代词（me,us）。e.g.Everythingwentaccordingtotheplan,andwearrivedontime.一切按计划进行,我们准时到达。Accordingtohim,therewillbeameetingnextweekend.据他说,下周末要开一次会。②What’sitsheight?height/haɪt/n.(distancefromthebottomofsomethingtothetop)高度;身高对height提问，用what,不用howmuch等。e.g.—What’stheheightofthemountain?这座山的高度是多少?—It’s1,536metresinheight.这座山高1536米。Whatisyourbrother’sheight?(=What’stheheightofyourbrother?=Howhighisyourbrother?)你哥哥的身高是多少?对高度提问：What’stheheightof...?What’sone’sheight?Howhighis...?对高度回答：基数词+量词+inheight或基数词+量词+high。③DoesitlieoffthenortheastcoastofAustralia?lieoff[海]稍离(陆地等)e.g.ItliesoffthenortheastcoastofAustralia.它在澳大利亚东北海岸不远处。JapanliestotheeastofChina.日本在中国以东。IndialiesonthesouthwestofChina.印度位于中国的西南。Sansha,abeautifulcity,liesinthesouthofChina.三沙,一座漂亮的城市,坐落在中国南方。④Theywearspecialhatsthatkeepthefliesaway.keepsb./sth.away(使)避开;(使)不靠近keepsb./sth.away使某人/某物离开e.g.Herillnesskeptherawayfromworkforseveralweeks.她的病使她好几周都上不了班。DoyouthinkweteenagersshouldkeepawayfromtheInternet?你认为我们青少年应该远离网络吗?⑤Thescissorsthatthey’reholdingareusedtocutthewooloffthesheep.scissors/'sɪzəz/n.(onekindofcuttingtools)[复数]剪刀e.g.Thesescissorsareverysharp.这些剪刀很锋利。Thereisapairofscissorsonthetable.桌子上有一把剪刀。Thispairofjeansisnew.这条牛仔裤是新的。在英语中，有些名词，如scissors,jeans,glasses,chopsticks,trousers,shoes,gloves等，是由两部分构成的物体，常用复数形式；用“数目＋pair（s）of”表示数量。此类短语作主语时，要根据pair的单复数来决定谓语动词的形式。cutsth.offsth.把某物从某物上剪掉e.g.Thefarmerscutgrapesoffthevines.农民将葡萄从葡萄藤上剪下来。Cutthefatoffthemeat.把这块肉上的肥肉切掉。含cut的其他常见搭配：cutthrough开辟（出路或通道）cutout突然熄火；停止运转cutdown把……砍倒；削减，缩小（尺寸、数目或数量）cutaway切除，剪去cutacross抄近路穿过cutup切碎⑥Ihatedtheantsthatwereallovertheplace.hate/heɪt/v.(astrongfeelingofdislike)憎恨;讨厌e.g.Ihateyouforbeingdishonest.我恨你不诚实。hate后可接名词、代词、动词不定式或动词的ing形式作宾语。跟动词不定式作宾语表示一个具体的或一次性的特指的动作；跟动词的ing形式作宾语则表示一个习惯性的或经常性的动作。e.g.Ihateyouforbeingdishonest.我恨你不诚实。Maryhateswatchingfootballmatches.玛丽讨厌看足球赛。Ihateitwhenpeoplecry.我厌烦别人哭。⑦Ihadtobrushthemoffmyclothes,especiallymytrousers!brush/brʌʃ/v.(用刷子)刷v.（用刷子）刷n.刷子brushsth.off/fromsth.把某物从某物上刷掉；拂去brush的三单形式为brushes。e.g.Weshouldbrushourteethatleasttwiceaday.我们应该每天至少刷两次牙。Itiseasytobrushthedirtoff/fromtheshoes.鞋子上的灰尘很容易刷掉。Thedentistadvisesmetobrushmyteeththreetimesaday.医生建议我一日刷三次牙。Hebrushedthemudoffhisshoes.他刷掉了鞋上的泥巴。⑧Itwasn’tfunnyatthetime!atthetime那时;在那段时间atthetime常用于过去进行时和一般过去时，相当于atthattime。e.g.Hewasdoingsomecookingatthetime.那时他正在做饭。Ididn’tlikeswimmingintheseaatthetime.那时候我不喜欢在海里游泳。Unit2ThegamethattheylikemostisAustralianfootball.①Atthemoment,wearestayingnearAyersRock.atthemoment现在;此刻，相当于now，常用于现在进行时。atthismoment意为“此刻”。atthatmoment意为“就在那时”。e.g.TheSmithsarehavingdinnerathomeatthemoment.史密斯一家现在正在家吃饭。Atthatmoment,thephonerang.就在那时,铃响了。②Onthefirstday,wetookaplanetourovertherock,andIwassurprisedathowbigitwas:3.6kilometreslongand348metreshigh!besurprisedat对……感到惊奇besurprisedtodosth.对做某事感到惊奇/吃惊besurprised+that从句吃惊……e.g.Thisladywasverysurprisedatthenews.这位女士对这个消息感到非常惊讶。Theyareverysurprisedtohearthenews.听到这个消息他们非常吃惊。I’mverysurprisedthathedidn’tpasstheexam.我很惊讶他没通过考试。③…,andtheirancientstoriesdescribethespiritsthatcreatedtheworld.spirit/'spɪrɪt/n.精灵;神灵;精神e.g.Cancerdestroyedherbodybutnotherspirit.癌症摧残了她的身体,却毁不了她的精神。与spirit相关的短语beinhighspirits情绪高涨beinlowspirits情绪低落inspirit在精神上loseone’sspirits垂头丧气④TheAustralianshaveacloserelationshipwiththeBritish.relationship/rɪ'leɪʃnʃɪp/n.关系relationship后面常接between...and...或with，表示人、团体、国家等之间的关系。e.g.Thechildrenlearnedabouttherelationshipbetweenthemoonandtheearth.孩子们了解了月球和地球之间的关系。Shehasaverycloserelationshipwithhersister.她和她妹妹关系非常亲密。⑤ManyhaveBritishrelatives,andtheyarelikeusinmanyways.relative/'relətɪv/n.(themembersofyourfamilyorapersonrelatedbybloodormarriage)亲戚可作形容词，意为“相对的，相关联的”。acloserelative近亲relativeto关于……；与……相比e.g.Allthingsarerelative.一切事物都是相对的。Relativetothesize,thecityissparselypopulated.与其面积相比,这个城市的人口是稀少的。Unit3Languageinuse①Australiahasmorebeachesthananyothercountry—morethan10,000!anyother+可数名词单数其他任何一个……e.g.Americanseatmorebananasthananyotherfruit.美国人吃香蕉比其他任何一种水果都多。Billistallerthananyotherstudentinhisclass.(同一范围)=Billistallerthantheotherstudentsinhisclass.比尔比他班里其他任何一个同学都高。拓展：“anyother+可数名词单数”表示前面已提到的人或事物以外的任何一个人或事物,多用于同一范围内的比较。当表示不同范围的两个人或事物比较时,用“any+可数名词单数”。e.g.Chinaislarg