Chapter10名词性从句笔记【语法宝典】中考英语语法培优生笔记（原卷版）

chapter10名词性从句笔记·模块一宾语从句·模块二主语从句·模块三表语从句·模块四同位语从句·模块五2022、2023年全国各省市真题综合训练45题模块一模块一宾语从句引导宾语从句的连接词that引导(that可以省略)Iknow(that)mostmatterhasthreestates（状态）. ____我知道大多数物质有三种状态。_____________♥Attention♥宾语从句中that不可省略的情况宾语从句that常可省略，但在以下情况下不能省略当主句谓语动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时，可以省略第一个that，其他不能省略。Ibelieve(that)youhavedoneyourbestandthatthingswillgetbetter.当it作形式宾语时当宾语从句后跟有宾语补足语时，通常在宾语从句处使用形式宾语it，将真正的宾语从句移至句末。结构公式：主语+consider/find/make/regard/think/+it+宾补+that+句子/todosthShemadeitcleartoherparentsthatshewouldlearntodealwithvariousproblems.★小试身手★特朗普说得很清楚他想当总统。(make…clear)我们理所当然的认为父母应该爱我们一辈子。(take…forgranted) __Wetakeitforgrantedthatourparentsshouldloveusforever.____________________________________________consider,we,it,should,that,with,importance,all,of,great,we,theory,bine,practice（连词成句）Weallconsideritofgreatimportancethatweshouldbinetheorywithpractice.__whether/if引导在whether……ornot的固定搭配中，不能用if。Idon’tknowwhetherhewillstudyabroadornot.在介词后，只能用whether和特殊疑问词，不能用if。Hisfatherisconcernedaboutwhetherhewillbekickedoutofschool.♥Attention♥if或whether引导的宾语从句时，虽具有疑问意义，但从句语序应用陈述句语序。在考试中如果确定句子意思表示“是否”，则一定选择用whether。★小试身手★Iwonder________there’sanyneedtospendsomuchmoneyontheparty.Somepeoplebelieve________amonkeypersonissociable.Sheisworriedabout_____________shecangetpromoted.Teachertoldthestudents______thesun__________(have)eightplanets.连接代词以及连接副词引导结构公式：连接代词：who/whom/whose/which/what+陈述语序的句子Idon’tknowwho[whom]youaretalkingabout.b.连接副词：where/why/when/how/howmany等一切特殊疑问词+陈述语序的句子Idon’tknowwhyyouarelate.★小试身手★只有小孩子知道自己在找什么。________________________ProfessorNelsonwantedtoknow_____. A.whenwouldtheconferencebegin B.Whentheconferencewouldbegin C.whenwilltheconferencebegin D.whentheconferencewillbegin I’mnotsure_____. A.whatistheassignmentoftomorrow B.whattheassignmentfortomorrowis C.whatwilltheassignmentfortomorrowbe D.whatwillbetheassignmentoftomorrow 宾语从句连词总结连词说明例句that1.宾语从句用连词that,that没有意义仅起连接作用。that可以省略。Ihaveseriousreasontobelievethattheplanetistheasteroid（小行星）knownasB612.who,whom,what,which2.连接代词who,whom,what,which，在宾语从句中做主要成分。Igaveupwhatmighthavebeenamagnificentcareerasapainter.how,when,where3.连接副词how,when,where在宾语从句中作次要成分。Idon’tknowwhereheis.if或whetherif或whether在宾语从句中只起连接作用，不起语法作用，当作“是否”讲。从句中有ornot结构时，要用whether。Idonotknowif(whether)hewille.宾语从句的语序宾语从句除个别情况外，全部使用陈述句语序。Idon'tknowwhat'sthematter.Idon'tknowwhat'swrong.Idon'tknowwhat'sontoday.Idon'tknowwhichisthewaytothecinema.★小试身手★Doyouknow_____? A.whenthesportsmeetingwillbegin B.whenthesportsmeetingbegins C.whenthesportsmeetingbegin D.whenwillbeginthesportsmeetingWillthissheephavetohaveagreatdealofgrass? Doyouthink…(连接成宾语从句) ____________宾语从句的时态主句宾语从句现在时或将来时时态一般不受主句的时态影响过去时从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生；b.从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前；★小试身手★Idon’tknowifweeachhaveadestiny,orifwe’realljustfloatingaroundaccidentally,likeonabreeze.___________Thescientisttoldthestudentthatthesun__________round.(be)Ibelievethatthefriendshipbetweenus______forever.(last)Iknewthatourteam___________(win)thepetition.KateknowswhatJohn_____now. A.does B.willdo C.hasdone D.isdoing宾语从句否定转移主句主语人称否定前移例句反义疑问句第一人称YesIdon’tthinktheweatherwillbebettertomorrow,willit?Idon’tbelievehecanfinishthetaskinanhour,canhe?问从句第二，第三人称NoShethoughtthatfilmwasnotinteresting,didn’tshe?Youthinkyoucan'tgetupearly,don’tyou?问主句★小试身手★Wehavetofinishtheworknow.（反义疑问？______________）Younevertolduswhyyouwerelateforthemeeting.（反义疑问？_____________）Nacy,sweeptheclassroom,？A.don’tyouB.doyouC.willyouD.doesn’tshe—Hedidn’tgotothelecturethismorning,didhe?—.Toughhewasnotfeelingverywell.A.No,hedidn’tB.Yes,hedidC.No,hedidD.Yes,hedidn’t宾语从句和动词不定式转换类似Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddo.=Idon’tknowwhattodo.whattodowith;howtodealwith固定词组用法。Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddowiththismessysituation.=Idon’tknowwhattodowiththismessysituation.★小试身手★宾语从句和不定式转换练习：Ibelievethatheisanhonestman.(保持原句意思) Ibelieve_____to_____anhonestman.Heexpectedtobeforgiven.(保持原句意思) Heexpectedthathe________forgiven.Heisn’tintheofficenow,Ithink.(保持原句意思) I____thinkthathe____intheoffice.Hewillpasstheexam.Wethinkitpossible.(合并为一句) Wethink__possible_____hewillpasstheexam.模块二模块二主语从句主语从句可以直接放在句首；也可用it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末。主语从句的引导词 主语从句通常由连词that和whether、连接代词或连接副词引导。that引导Thatasinglemaninpossessionofagoodfortunemustbeinwantofawifeisatruthuniversallyacknowledged.(用it改写)Itisatruthuniversallyacknowledged,thatasinglemaninpossessionofagoodfortunemustbeinwantofawife.♥Attention♥that引导的主语从句出现在句首时，that不可省略。whether引导Whetherchewinggumhelpspreventtoothdecayisunknowntome.(用it改写)♥Attention♥用whether引导主语从句，而不用if。连接代词引导所有值得做的事情都值得做好。Whateverisworthdoingatallisworthdoingwell.________________________♥Attention♥连接代词引导，不能用it改写Whoeverleaveslastturnsoffthelight.连接副词引导Whenwearrivedoesn’tmatter.Howitwasdonewasamystery.♥Attention♥谓语动词一律用第三人称单数what引导(相当于中文的“的字结构”)，主谓一致问题“看后”Whatwehaveisknowledge,butwhatweneedarechances.★小试身手★沙漠之所以美丽，是因为在它的某个角落隐藏着一口井。Whatmakesthedesertbeautifulisthatsomewhereithidesawell.主语从句与形式主语it常见的用it作形式主语的复合结构：结构具体情况Itis+n./adj.+thatItisapity/shamethat...可惜的是……Itisasurprisethat…令人吃惊的是…Itisafactthat…事实是…Itismonknowledgethat……是常识It’scertainthat…肯定…Itispossible/likelythat...很可能……Itisobvious/clearthat…很明显…Itistruethat…的确…Itisnecessary\important\natural\...that…It+不及物动词+thatIthappenedthat...碰巧……Itoccurredtomethat…我突然想起…Itappears/seemsthat…似乎，好像…Itturnedoutthat…原来…It+be+过去分词+从句Itissaidthat...据说……Itisknowntoallthat...众所周知……Itisreportedthat...据报道……Itisbelievedthat...据相信……;人们相信……Itissuggestedthat+(should)do...建议……★小试身手★纸是中国首先造出来的，这是事实。_____________人类不可能受机器人的控制。_______________我们以前似乎在哪儿见过。________________据报道，到目前为止，已经有91个孩子在洪水中失去了生命。__________________♥Attention♥主语从句中that位于句首时不可省略；但是如果主语从句放在后面，that可以省略。水能够被用来发电是事实。______________________________________________主语从句放在前面只能用whether，而不能用if；但是如果主语从句放在后面，whether和if都可以使用。他是否能安然无恙的回来还是个问题。___________________________模块三模块三表语从句表语从句的连接词That连接表语从句，既没有含义也不在从句中担任成分。人生值得欣慰（solace）之处便是，每一天都有结束的时候。今天亦不例外。____________________从属连词whether,as,asif/though引导的表语从句，有含义，但在从句中不充当任何成分。Itseemsasiftheballoonisfilledwithhelium（氦气）.____________________________________because,why引导的表语从句，通常置于be动词之后的表语从句。Thatiswhyglobalclimateisbeingwarmerandwarmer.____________________________________连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever。连接副词where,when,how,why这些连词都既有含义也充当一定的句子成分。ThemostdistantwayintheworldisnotwhenIstandinfrontofyou,youarenotsureIloveyou.Itiswhenmyloveisbewildering（痴迷的）thesoul,butIcan’tspeakitout.______________________________________表语从句只用whether不用if表示“是否”。问题是许多国家是否能够维护国家主权（statesovereignty）。______当主语是reason时，表语从句的连接词用that。我妈妈伤心的原因是丢了一个包，这个包里装了很多重要的文件。_______模块四模块四同位语从句同位语从句的连接词引导同位语从句的词语通常有连词that，whether，连接代词和连接副词等。that引导同位语从句主句中有些词义比较抽象的名词,如belief,doubt,evidence,idea,fact,hope,possibility,thought等，可以用that引出的从句做同位语，叫做同位语从句，that不可以省略。That从句的内容即为这个名词的内容，that在从句中不充当成分。whether可引导同位语从句，但if不能引导同位语从句同位语从句与定语从句的区别意义的不同:Wearegladatthenewsthathewille.(news的内容就是thathewille，故that引导的是同位语从句)Wearegladatthenewsthathetoldus.(that从句是限制thenews的内容的，即我们高兴只是因为他告诉的这个news而不是其他的news，故that从句为定语从句)引导词的功能上的不同：that引导同位语从句时，它不充当句子成分，而引导定语从句时，它作为关系代词，要么充当定语从句的主语，要么充当定语从句的宾语。Todaythereisevidencethattheresourcesoftheseaareasseriouslythreatenedasthoseoftheland.______________ThereisnodoubtthatPremierWenJiabaoisanexcellentleader.___________________名词性从句的注意事项语序问题连接词的选用问题that,whether,if,asif都不作句子的任何成分。因此，它们所引导的句子结构必须完整。that一般用于确定的语气中，引导宾语从句时，口语中的that可省略，而其他情况中的that一般不可省；而whether,if一般用于不确定的语句中。如：ThathelearntEnglishbeforeiscertain.他学过英语是肯定的。Idon’tknowwhether/ifhewilllearnEnglish.我不知道他是否会学英语。HelooksasifheknowsEnglish.看起来他好像知道英语。★小试身手★Itseemsaperpetual（永恒的）rulethatflops（失败）areproducedelatedly（兴高采烈的）andmasterpiecespainstakingly（辛苦的）.Thisiswherealldreamsbegin.Whatweshouldcareaboutisnotwhereit’sheadedbutwhatweseeandhowwefeel.Iloveyounotforwhoyouare,butforwhoIamwithyou.Thenewsgotaroundthatthegeneralmanagerwouldmarryhissecretaryinthepany.Itstillremainsamysterywhathewillassignfortheclass.Happinessdoesn’tdependonwhoyouareorwhatyouhave;itdependssolelyonwhatyouthink.Pleaserememberwhatyoudonowwilldecideyourfuturedirectly.Whatweanticipateseldomoccurs;whatweleastexpectgenerallyhappens.Youwillneverknowwhatyouwillbe.模块模块五2022、2023年全国各省市真题综合训练45题一、单项选择1．（2023·重庆南岸·重庆第二外国语学校校考一模）Itwassaid_______hadcontributedtotheprojectwouldbepromoted.A．who B．thatwho C．whoever D．thatwhoever2．（2023·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题）—Couldyoupleasetellme________?—It’sonthesecondfloor.A．whyyouwerelate B．wheretherestroomisC．whentheshopopens D．howtheweatherwillbetomorrow3．（2023·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题）Benbelieveshe________acollegestudentin3years.A．bees B．became C．willbee D．hasbee4．（2023·山东东营·统考中考真题）—Doyouknow________?—It’sinthedeserttotheeastofCairo.A．whatthenewcapitalofEgypt(埃及)is B．wherethenewcapitalofEgyptisC．howbigthenewcapitalofEgyptis D．whyEgyptisgettinganewcapital5．（2023·湖北十堰·统考中考真题）—Iwanttoknow________.—Friendlyandhonestpeople.A．whenyouwillmeetyourfriendsB．howyoumakeyourfriendshappyC．whereyouspendweekendswithfriendsD．whatkindofpeopleyouwanttomakefriendswith6．（2023·山东青岛·统考中考真题）—Bob,couldyoutellme________?—Ofcourse.Everyday.A．whentheteacherwille B．whyyoukeepadiaryC．howlongyousleptlastnight D．howoftenyouexercise7．（2023·江苏镇江·统考中考真题）TheYouthCeremonywasheldsuccessfully!Couldyoutellme________?A．whowillbethehostofit B．inwhichhallwasitheldC．whoseshowmadeyouthemostexcited D．thatyouwereencouragedbythespeech8．（2023·辽宁大连·统考中考真题）—Doyouknow________DalianLaohutanOceanPark?—NextSunday.A．whenwewillvisit B．whenwillwevisit C．whenwevisited D．whendidwevisit9．（2023·江苏南通·统考中考真题）—Mike,yourfirstDragonBoatFestivalinChinaising.Shallwecelebrateittogether?—I’dloveto,butcouldyoutellme________?A．whatisthemeaningofthefestivalB．wherewewouldhavethecelebrationC．howyouusuallycelebratethefestivalD．whenisthisyear’sDragonBoatFestival10．（2023·四川遂宁·中考真题）—Sandy,DragonBoatFestivalising.Couldyoutellme________?—Sure!YoucanbuysomeinShihuiSupermarket.It’snotfarfromhere.A．whereIcanbuysomesweetzongziB．wholikeseatingsweetzongziC．whetherthiskindofzongziissweetD．howyoumakesweetzongzi11．（2023·新疆·中考真题）—Doyouknow___________?—ItwasintroducedthroughtheSilkRoad.A．whypepperwasplantedinChinaB．whatpepperwasusedforinChinaC．whenpepperwasdiscoveredinChinaD．howpepperwasintroducedtoChina12．（2023·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）Thisfamoussaying“WhenIwalkalongwithtwoothers,theymayservemeasmyteachers”tellsus________.A．howshouldwetreatpeople B．whowecanlearnfromC．whatdidwesayinpublic D．whyweneedteachers13．（2023·山东滨州·统考中考真题）—Manystudentsdidwellinthisexam.Iwonder________.—Throughtheirownefforts.A．whydidtheygetasuccess B．whattheylearnedfromitC．whethertheytriedtheirbest D．howtheymadeitfinally14．（2023·甘肃天水·统考中考真题）—Doyouknow________?—Yes,there’sonehere.It’sinthestore.A．whomheistalkingwith B．whenIcangettothehotelC．howtousethemachine D．ifthere’sarestroomaroundhere15．（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）—I’mwondering________atalowprice.—YoucanbookonethroughourofficialAPP.A．howIcanbuytheairticket B．howcanIbuytheairticketC．whenIcanbuytheairticket D．whencanIbuytheairticket16．（2023·江苏常州·统考中考真题）CouldyoutellmesomethingaboutQuQiubai?Ineedtoknowabout________.A．howmanybooksdidhepublish B．thathestudiedandworkedinRussiaC．whichpartofChangzhoudidhelivein D．whatforeignlanguageshecouldspeak17．（2023·云南·统考中考真题）—Doyouknow________?—Yes,inHangzhou,abeautifulcityinZhejiangProvince.A．whenwillthe19thAsianGamesbeheld B．whenthe19thAsianGameswillbeheldC．wherewillthe19thAsianGamesbeheld D．wherethe19thAsianGameswillbeheld18．（2022·辽宁营口·统考二模）—Daviddidn’tfinishthetaskontime.—________helookssosad.A．Hethinks B．Notmatter C．Nowonder D．Iwonder19．（2022·重庆开州·校联考模拟预测）It’sreportedthat________birdsflytoHanfengLakeinspringeveryyear.A．million B．millionsC．millionsof D．millionof20．（2022·江苏南通·统考一模）—Thoughthingsaregoingsmoothlynow,I’mstillindoubt_________.—Whatevertheresultis,don’tbetoohardonyourself.A．whyaremyparentsstrictwithmeB．whetherIcangethighmarksintheentranceexamsC．howhaveIpreparedformyentranceexamsD．thatIcanentermyidealseniorhighfinally21．（2022·天津·统考一模）—Wehavenoidea________.

—It’sheardthatheisMr.Green’sson.A．whereheesfrom B．ifdoeshelivehereC．whoheis D．whoishe22．（2023·内蒙古呼和浩特·统考中考真题）—Youlooksohappy.Couldyoupleasetellme________?—Sure.A．thatyouvisitedyourgrandparents B．whodidyouspendtheholidaywithC．whatplaceyouhavevisited D．whendidyouwatchafootballmatch23．（2023·福建·一模）There’snodoubt________Chinaisasafeplacetolive.A．if B．that C．whether24．（2023·江苏徐州·校考二模）Thereisnodoubt________HarryPotterisworth________.A．whether;reading B．if;toread C．that;reading D．that;beingread25．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测）—You’venoidea________tobuildanewairport.Letmetellyou,youngman.That’smillionsofdollars.—Wow,that’salotofmoney!A．howlongitwilltakeus B．howmuchitwillcost C．howmuchwillitcost26．（2023·江苏常州·校考二模）Ourcountry________greatchangesinthepast75yearsanditisnolonger________itusedtobe.A．wentthrough;what B．hasgonethrough;that C．experienced;that D．hasexperienced;what27．（2023·江苏南通·统考二模）Everybodymightmakemistakes,butthedifferenceis________weseethemistake—alearningexperienceorafailure.A．when B．how C．why D．what28．（2023·江苏·一模）Amanshouldfollowhisheartwhenreading,or________hereadsasataskwilldohimlittlegood.A．that B．how C．why D．what29．（2023·辽宁沈阳·统考中考真题）—Couldyoutellme________?—Byunderground.A．whereisShenyangImperialPalaceB．whereShenyangImperialPalaceisC．howIcangettoShenyangImperialPalaceD．howcanIgettoShenyangImperialPalace30．（2023·湖北黄石·统考中考真题）—Couldyoutellme________?—Aboutanhour’sdrive.A．howlongittakestogettoYangxinB．howlongdoesittaketogettoYangxinC．howfarisitfromHuangshitoYangxinD．howfaritisfromHuangshitoYangxin31．（2023·天津·统考中考真题）—Doyouremember________?—Sure.OntheeveningofMayDay.A．howwegottotheJiefangBridge B．howdidwegettotheJiefangBridgeC．whentheJiefangBridgeopeneditself D．whendidtheJiefangBridgeopenitself32．（2023·江苏无锡·统考中考真题）—Youknow________?In12hours!—That’scrazy.Howisitevenpossible?A．howsoonwemustfinishthetask B．howoftenwemustfinishthetaskC．howsoonmustwefinishthetask D．howoftenmustwefinishthetask33．（2023·吉林长春·统考中考真题）—Iwonder_______thisevening.—WhatabouttheSportsCenter?It’sbigandclean.A．wherewecanplaybasketball B．whenwecanplaybasketballC．whencanweplaybasketball D．wherecanweplaybasketball34．（2023·辽宁抚顺·统考中考真题）—Hi,Kate.Iwanttoknow________.—Youcanhelptohandoutsomenotices.A．whenSchoolDayis B．whocanetoSchoolDayC．whyweholdSchoolDay D．whatIcandoforSchoolDay35．（2023·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题）—Iwonder________.—MybestfriendJames.A．howcanyouspendtheingsummerholidaysB．howyoucanspendtheingsummerholidaysC．whowillyouspendtheingsummerholidayswithD．whoyouwillspendtheingsummerholidayswith36．（2023·北京·统考