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ABriefHistoryofWesternFilms 1905火车大劫案thegreattrainrubbery1903witharunningtimeof12minutesMotionpicture-movie1920spretalkiestotalkiesera城市之光citylightsCharlieChaplinwasdeepintoproductionofhissilentmovies默片1930s:TheGoldenAgeofHollywood«乱世佳人 »GonewiththeWindProducerof thefilmmanagedtoexpandthe conceptofMargaretMitchell”sbest-sellingnovelintonearlyfourhours”worthofscreentime,onathen-astronomical3.7-million-dollarbudget,creatingwhatwouldbecomeoneofthemostbelovedmoviesofalltime.Blueray蓝光highdefinition高清1950s-1960stvseries-musical1970-1980sHollywoodblockbusters大片1990s-2023s3DandImaxfilmavatarIntra-lingualSubtitling语内字幕翻译:无需把一种语言转换成另一种话语转换成文本而转变电影的表达方式(Mode)。Inter-lingualSubilling语际字幕翻译是在保存原声的状况下，把原语译为目的语字幕翻译”(DiagonalSubifing)。ImplicitSubtitling隐性字幕翻译:指影片中提示性内容的翻译，包含声音类(如)、非声音类(如屏幕上消灭的时间、地点等信息)Surtitle屏幕上方的歌词歌剧ExplicitSubtitling显性字幕-implictsubtilting隐形字幕-信，指路牌国际认定六秒原则技术限制(时间+空间)减缩法译者依据实际状况将一些无关紧要的多余信息压缩、简化甚至删除，从而削减观众对信息的加工处理，到达最正确效果。减缩法 刺客残剑，刺客飞雪，速来联手行刺。FlyingSnowandBrokenSwordhaveteamedupforassassination.技术限制(时间+空间) 中文四字格 信息浓缩度较高中文四字格三大优点:内容上，言简意赅:形式上，整齐均匀;语音上，顺口动听。中文四字格Elizabeth:Doyouexpectmetothankyouforthisextraordinaryofferofmarriage?Am|supposedtofeelflatteredthatyouhavesoovercomeyouraversiontomyfamilythatyou”rereadytomarryintoit? 伊丽莎白:你是不是期望我会对你大方施舍的婚姻感恩戴德呢?还是该感到受宠假设惊，由于你好不简洁抑制了对我们一家人的鄙弃厌恶而打算娶我?技术限制(时间+空间)信息的补充字幕翻译中，假设字幕给出的信息缺乏，则性参与一些有用信息。文化补偿(异化)有血光，忌远行，宣诵经解灾。Bloodwillflow.Donottravelfar.Chantscripturestopreventcatastrophe.文化补偿(异化)Forrest:LieutenantDan,whatareyoudoinghere?LieutenantDan:Well,thought”dtryoutmysealegs.阿甘:丹中尉，你来做什么? 丹中时:哈哈!我想到海里施展拳脚文化移植(归化)贵人:“这叫“醉’SomeoneImetrecentlygavemethisbottleofwine.Shesaidthiswineismagic.OneCupandyou”llforgetyourpast.Peasandcantos坨不离秤秤不离砣立春Springbegins雨水Therains惊蛰insectsawakenspringEquinox清明clearandbright谷雨Grainrain立夏Summerbegins小满Grainbuds芒种Graininear夏至Summersolstice小暑Slightheat大暑Greatheat立秋Autumnbegins处暑Stoppingtheheat白露Whitedews秋分AutumnalEquinox寒露Colddews霜降FrostDescentWinterbeginsLightSnowHeavysnowWinterSolstice小寒slightcold大寒GreatcoldFilmGenres电影类型Dubbing配音Action/AdventureComedyCrime/GangsterDramaEpic/HistoricalHorrorMusicalScienceFictionWarSub-Genres次类型Action/AdventureFilm动作冒险highenergyphysicalstuntchaseDramaFilm剧情片Seriousstorieswithsettingsoflifesituationthatportrayrealisticcharactersinconflictwitheitherthemselves,othersorforcesofthenature.Itshowsushumanbeingsattheirbest,theirworst,andeverythingin-between.Themesoftenincludecurrentissuesandsocialproblems.HorrorFilm恐惊片CausedreadandalarmInvokehiddenfearAttractVS.RepelScienceFiction科幻improbablesettinginexplicableforceimpossiblequestimaginativeWarFilm战斗片horrorheartbreakhumanityprimaryplotvs.backgroundSubject：RomanceDisasterform:Animationstyle:Documentary尼罗河上的惨案DeathontheNile真!这披肩是我在罗马尼亚卡罗尔王储亲自送给我的。有些人就是不敬重别人的东西!Whatimpertinence!CrownPrinceCarolgavemethisshawlinRomania.Peoplehavenorespectforthepropertyofothers.FilmStudiosinHollywood好莱坞电影20thCenturyFox二十世纪福克斯电影公司LocatedinLosAngeles,Since1935(foundedbymerger).20thCenturyFoxhasproducedsuchmemorablefilmsas:Cleopatra,StarWars星球大战,TheSoundofMusic,IceAge,HomeAlone,Titanic,NightattheMuseum,Avatar阿凡达.TelevisionseriousproducedbyFox福克斯电影公司includeTheSimpsons,HowImeetyourMother,Glee,ModernFamilyParamountStudios派拉蒙影业公司Ithasdistributedseveralsuccessfulfilms,includingBreakfastatTiffany’s,TheGodfather,ForrestGump,Transformers,Mission:Impossible。FilmStudiosinHollywood好莱坞theuniversalStudiosproducedtwoofalltime,E.T.(TheExira-Terrestrial)andJurassicPark,bothofwhichweredirectedbyStevenSpielberg.MetroGoldwynMayer米高林电影公司itwasthegreateststudiointhehistoryofHollywood.Thestudiobraggedthatithad“morestarsthanthereareintheheavens“,anditsureseemedthatway.WaltDisneycompany迪士尼InternationalFilmFestivals国际电影节CannesFilmFestival 戛纳电影节Themostprestigious有声望的motion-picturefestivalintheworldheldeachmidmonthofMayintheresortcityofCannes,France.Itwasconceivedattheendof1938,butduetoWWIl,1stCannesFilmFestivalwasnothelduntil1946.In1955theGoldenPalm(Palmed”Or)awardwasintroducedforbestfilmofthefestival.CannesLocatedontheFrenchRiviera,itisthehostcityoftheannualCannesFilmFestival,Midem国际音乐博览会andCANNESLIONSinternationalFestivalofCreativity.InternationalFilmFestivalsInCompetition正式竞赛TwentyfilmswillcompeteforthePalmed”Or.UnCertainRegard 一种关注Introducedin1978,itisrunparalleledtothecompetitionforthePalmed”Or金棕榈奖,wheretwentyfilmsselectedfromculturesnearandfarwillbeshowcasedtogetherInternational Critics” Week 影评人周From 1962 it focuses discoveringnewtalents.Directors”Fortnight 导演双周From1969,itcreatedabreedinggroundwheretheCannesFestivalwouldregularlyfinditsprestigiousauteurs.Marchedufilm戛纳电影市场ChineseMovie Farewell,Myconcubine,directedbyChenKaigeofChina,receivedthePalmed”Or金棕榈奖forbestpictureattheCannesFilmFestivalin1993.BerlinInternationalFilmFestival柏林Establishedin1951,theFestivalisoneofthelargestandmost renownedmotion-picturefestivalsinEurope.HeldannuallyinFebruaryinBerlin,Germany.itisgenerallyrecognizedasthemostefficientlyorganizedoftheworld”smajorfilmfestivals,screeningmorethan600motionpicturesduring12daysandnights.Amongtheawardsforthefestival”sofficialInternationalCompetitionaretheGoldenBear,introducedfromthevery1stFestival,forbestpictureandSilverBearforbestdirector,bestactor.Bestactressandothercategories.ChineseMoviesRedSorghum(1987)andBlackCoolThinIce(2023).directedrespectivelybyZhangYimouandDiaoYinanofChina,receivedtheGoldenBeartorbestpictureattheBerlinInternationalFilmFestivalin1988and2023respectivelyastheearliestandlatestChinesewinners.VeniceFilmFestival威尼斯电影节Foundedin1932,itistheoldestandoneofthemostimportantfilmfestivalsintheworld.TheFestivalhassincetakenplaceinlateAugustorearlySeptemberannuallyinVenice,Italy. VeniceFilmFestivalhasalwaysfocusedonpresentingfilmsofhigh artistic merit, which prevents the festival fromacquiring commercialatmosphereof the CannesFilmFestival or the BerlinInternationalFestival.The Festival has also struggled to resist political influence, championingfilmsfromabroadratherthanlocalfavorites.InternationalFilmFestivals VeniceFilmFestivalThefestivalawardssomeofthefilmindustry”smostdistinguishedprizes,esp.theGoldenLion(Leoned’Oro)awardedforbestfilm,andSilverLion(Leoned”Argento)forbestdirectorandothercategories.TheAcademyAwards奖项TheOscars奥斯卡Theoldest,bestknown,mostinfluential,mostprestigiousandfamousannualAmericanfilmawardsceremonyhonoringcinematicachievementsofproducers,directors,screenwrite