Medical Statistics（医学统计学）智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下宁波大学

MedicalStatistics（医学统计学）智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下宁波大学宁波大学

第一章测试

Whichofthefollowingbelongstocontinuousnumericalvariable?（）

A:bloodtypeB:gender.C:ageD:country

答案:age

WhatistherangeofprobabilityPforarandomevent?（）

A:0≤P≤1B:-1≤P≤0C:P=1D:-1≤P≤1

答案:0≤P≤1

Whichofthefollowingcannotbeavoidedduringsampling?（）

A:samplesizeistoosmallB:personalerrorC:samplesizeistoolargeD:samplingerror

答案:samplingerror

Low,medianandhighbelongto_____?（）

A:MeasuringdataB:RawdataC:OrderingdataD:Countingdata

答案:Orderingdata

Whichofthefollowingbelongstodiscretenumericalvariable________?（）

A:CancerdegreeB:HeightC:NumberofchildreninafamilyD:Weight

答案:Numberofchildreninafamily

Whichoneofthefollowingvariablesisnotcategorical?（）

A:Maritalstatusofaperson(single,married,divorced,other)B:Genderofaperson:maleorfemale.C:Ageofaperson.D:Choiceonatestitem:trueorfalse.

答案:Ageofaperson.

Whichofthefollowingbelongstothemeasurementdata________.（）

A:WBCcountsB:curativeeffectC:genderD:bloodtype

答案:WBCcounts

Whichofthefollowingbelongstocategoricalvariable________.（）

A:daysstayinginhospitalB:scoreofIQC:heartrateD:genderofpeopleinaspecificregion.

答案:genderofpeopleinaspecificregion.

第二章测试

Themeasureofdispersionmostcommonlyusedinconjunctionwiththearithmeticmeanisthe:（）

A:rangeB:standarddeviationC:varianceD:interquartilerange

答案:standarddeviation

Simplybyscanningthevaluesineachdistributionbelow,identifythedistributionwiththesmalleststandarddeviation.（）

A:80,80,80,80,80,80,80,80,80,80B:7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16C:6,6,9,10,11,12,14,17,20,90D:9,9,9,10,10,10,10,11,11,11

答案:80,80,80,80,80,80,80,80,80,80

Themostcommonlyusedmeasureofcentrallocationforantibodytitersisthe:（）

A:geometricmeanB:modeC:medianD:arithmeticmean

答案:geometricmean

Whichrangecharacterizestheinterquartilerange?（）

A:From10thpercentileto90thpercentileB:From1.96standarddeviationsbelowthemeanto1.96standarddeviationsabovethemeanC:From5thpercentileto95thpercentileD:From25thpercentileto75thpercentile

答案:From25thpercentileto75thpercentile

AllofthefollowingaremeasuresofdispersionEXCEPT:（）

A:interquartilerangeB:medianC:rangeD:standarddeviation

答案:median

第三章测试

Whichofthefollowingisnotapplicabletodescribecategoricaldata?（）

A:RatioB:ProportionC:MeanD:Rate

答案:Mean

Whichofthefollowingreferstothefrequencyofagiveneventduringorafteracertaintimeperiod?（）

A:RateB:ProportionC:MeanD:Ratio

答案:Rate

WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?（）

A:Ifthetotalnumberofobservationsisnotsufficient,theresultsshouldbeexpressedinrelativenumber.B:Theratiocanbeusedtoexplainthefrequency.C:Whentherateiscomputedbasedonasampledata,itusuallyshouldbeadjustedaccordingtothecompositionofthepopulationD:Thefrequencyisatime-dependentindicator.

答案:Whentherateiscomputedbasedonasampledata,itusuallyshouldbeadjustedaccordingtothecompositionofthepopulation

Thereare120patientswithacertaindisease,including114malesand6females,accountingfor95%and5%respectively.Theconclusionis（）

A:Thediseaseiseasytogetinmen.B:NoconclusioncanbedrawnC:Thesusceptibilityratesofmaleandfemalepatientsarethesame.D:Thediseaseiseasytogetinwomen

答案:Noconclusioncanbedrawn

ThecrudemortalityofmalignanttumorsincountyAishigherthanthatinCountyB.Afterstandardization,thestandardizedmortalityofmalignanttumorsincountyAislowerthanthatinCountyB.Themostlikelyreasonis（）

A:TheproportionoftheelderlypopulationinthetotalpopulationincountyAislargerthanthatinCountyBB:HighdiagnosticlevelincountyAC:ThecancerpreventionandtreatmentworkincountyAisbetterthanthatinCountyBD:TheproportionoftheelderlypopulationinthetotalpopulationincountyAissmallerthanthatinCountyB

答案:TheproportionoftheelderlypopulationinthetotalpopulationincountyAislargerthanthatinCountyB

第四章测试

Whichofthefollowingstatisticalchartsappliestoacontinuousvariable（）

A:HistogramB:BargraphC:Linegraph’D:Scattergraph

答案:Histogram

Piechartscanbeusedtodescribe（）

A:thefrequencydistributionofphenomenaB:thechangingtrendofphenomenaC:thedevelopmentspeedofphenomenaD:theinternalstructureofphenomena

答案:theinternalstructureofphenomena

Whichofthefollowingstatisticaltableisnotmadecorrectly（）

A:ThetitleofthestatisticaltableisplacedatthetopofthetableB:Themoreinformationinatable,thebetterC:StatisticaltablesgenerallyuseheaderstoindicatethemeaningandunitsofthedataD:Thenumbersinthetablearealignedtothedecimalplaces

答案:Themoreinformationinatable,thebetter

Tocomparetheincidencerateofthreediseasesinacertainareainacertainyear,wecandraw（）

A:histogramB:linechartC:straightbarchartD:circularchart

答案:straightbarchart

Torepresentthecomponentratioofvariouscausesofdeathinacertainplaceinacertainyear,wecandraw（）

A:histogramB:circularchartC:straightbarchartD:linechart

答案:circularchart

第五章测试

ThesmallertheStandarderrorofsamplemeanis,（）

A:thesmallerthevariationoftheobservedindividualB:thegreaterthesamplingerrorisC:thegreaterthereliabilityofestimatingthepopulationmeanfromthesamplemeanD:thelargerthevariationoftheobservedindividual

答案:thegreaterthereliabilityofestimatingthepopulationmeanfromthesamplemean

Thecauseofsamplingerroris（）

A:individualdifferencesB:sampleisnotrandomlyselectedC:measurementisinaccurateD:dataarenotnormallydistributed

答案:individualdifferences

Accordingtothesampledata,the95%confidenceintervalofwhitebloodcellcountinhealthyadultsis,whichmeans（）

A:Theprobabilityoftheoverallmeaninthisintervalis95%B:Theprobabilitythatthisintervalcontainsthesamplemeanis95%C:Theprobabilitythatthisintervalcontainsthepopulationmeanis95%D:Itisestimatedthat95%oftheobservationsinthepopulationarewithinthisrange

答案:Theprobabilitythatthisintervalcontainsthepopulationmeanis95%

Whensamplingfromapopulationofmeasurementdata.Ifthesamplesizeisincreased,therewillbe（）

A:increaseofstandarderrorB:decreaseinstandarddeviationC:decreaseofstandarderrorD:increaseinstandarddeviation

答案:decreaseofstandarderror

Inthesamepopulation,multiplerandomsamplesareusedtoestimatethe95%confidenceintervalofthepopulationmean.Themostreliableis（）

A:sampleswithsmallstandarderrorB:sampleswithsmallstandarddeviationC:sampleswithsmallmeanD:sampleswithlargestandarderror

答案:sampleswithsmallstandarderror

第六章测试

IftheP-valueislargerthan0.05,thenullhypothesisistrue.（）

A:对B:错

答案:错

Practicalsignificanceisnotthesameasstatisticalsignificance.（）

A:对B:错

答案:对

Itisalwaysbettertouseasignificancelevelof=0.05thantouse=0.01becauseitiseasiertofindstatisticalsignificance.（）

A:对B:错

答案:错

Aresearcherteststhefollowingnullhypothesis:（）

A:对B:错

答案:错

AstudysummarysaysthattheresultsarestatisticallysignificantandtheP-valueis0.98.（）

A:对B:错

答案:错

Statisticallysignificantatthe=0.01levelmeansthereisonly1%probabilitythatthenullhypothesisistrue.（）

A:对B:错

答案:错

第七章测试

Whendoingthehypothesistest,whichsituationmaymakethetype2error?（）

A:Ifisfalse,P>0.05,notrejectB:Ifistrue,P>0.05,notrejectC:Ifistrue,P<0.05,reject,acceptD:Ifisfalse,P<0.05,reject

答案:Ifisfalse,P>0.05,notreject

Forthetwoindependentsamplesttest,ifbothofthetwosamplesizeisn,thenthedegreeoffreedomis:（）

A:n-1B:2nC:2n-1D:2n-2

答案:2n-2

Fortwoindependentsamplesttest,thesmallerthePvalue,then:（）

A:thegreaterthedifferencebetweenthetwopopulationsB:thegreaterreasontobelievethatthetwopopulationsaredifferentC:thesmallerthedifferencebetweenthetwopopulationsD:thegreaterthedifferencebetweenthetwosamplemeans

答案:thegreaterreasontobelievethatthetwopopulationsaredifferent

Foronesamplettest,ift=8.91,,accordingtoα=0.05,thecorrectconclusionis:（）

A:B:C:D:

答案:

Hemoglobin(Hb)of25lead-exposedworksweretested,themeanofHbwas130.83g/L,andSDis25.74g/L.ItisknownthattheaverageHbofnormaladultmenis140g/L.IsthereanydifferenceinHbbetweenlead-exposedworkersandnormaladultmen?Theappropriatehypothesistestis:（）

A:matchedorpairedsamplest-testB:onesamplet-testC:independentsamplest-testD:notabovetest

答案:onesamplet-test

第八章测试

ThebasicideaandkeypointsofANOVAare（）

A:ThetotalvariationanditsdegreeoffreedomcanbedecomposedaccordingtodifferentsourcesB:TheratiooftwovariancesobeysFdistributionC:ThemeansquarewithingroupisgreaterthanthemeansquarebetweengroupD:Themeansquarebetweengroupisgreaterthanthemeansquarewithingroup

答案:Thetotalvariationanditsdegreeoffreedomcanbedecomposedaccordingtodifferentsources

OneoftheapplicationconditionsofANOVAishomogeneityofvariance（）

A:Thecorrespondingsamplevarianceofeachcomparisongroupisequal.B:Totalvariance=Variancebetweengroup+Variancebetweengroup=VariancewithingroupC:Variancebetweengroup=VariancewithingroupD:Thecorrespondingpopulationvarianceofeachcomparisongroupisequal

答案:Thecorrespondingpopulationvarianceofeachcomparisongroupisequal

Themeansquarebetweengroupsincompletelyrandomizeddesignanalysisofvariancereflectsthat（）

A:TheaveragelevelofvarianceineachgroupB:ProcessingfactoreffectandrandomerrorC:EffectsizeofacertainfactorD:Randommeasurementerrorsize

答案:Processingfactoreffectandrandomerror

Forthecomparisonofthetwogroupsofdata,therelationshipbetweenANOVAandt-testwasasfollows（）

A:TtestresultsaremoreaccurateB:ApproximateequivalenceC:CompleteequivalenceD:Analysisofvarianceresultsaremoreaccurate

答案:Completeequivalence

Inananalysisofvarianceofmultigroups,ifp<0.05,whatweshoulddonext?（）

A:T-testoftwomeansB:TestfornormalityC:TestforhomogeneityofvarianceD:Multiplecomparison

答案:Multiplecomparison

第九章测试

Inwhichcase,performingχ2testforfour-foldtable,thecontinuitycorrectionisnecessary.（）

A:1≤T＜5andn≥40B:T＜1orn＜40C:T≥5orn≥40D:T＜5andn≥40

答案:T≥5orn≥40

Inwhichcase,performingχ2testforfour-foldtable,thecontinuitycorrectionisnecessary?（）

A:T＜1orn＜40B:T≥5andn≥40C:T≥5orn≥40D:1≤T＜5andn≥40

答案:1≤T＜5andn≥40

Inwhichcase,performingχ2testforfour-foldtable,theFisherexacttestshouldbeused?（）

A:1≤T＜5andn≥40B:T≥5orn≥40C:T＜1orn＜40D:T≥5andn≥40

答案:T＜1orn＜40

Thepurposeofthetestofdifferencebetweenthetwosampleratesis（）

A:inferwhetherthereisadifferencebetweenthetwosampleratesandthetwopopulationratesB:inferwhetherthetwosampleratesaredifferentC:inferwhetherthedifferencebetweenthetwopopulationratesissignificantD:inferthedifferencebetweenthetwopopulationrates

答案:inferwhetherthedifferencebetweenthetwopopulationratesissignificant

Thedegreeoffreedomofchi-squaretestis（）

A:RC-1B:(R-1)(C-1)C:C-1D:R-1

答案:(R-1)(C-1)

第十章测试

Comparedwithparametrictest,theadvantagesofnonparametricranksumtestareasfollows:（）

A:WideapplicationrangeB:ThetestresultsaremoreaccurateC:hightestefficiencyD:Makefulluseofinformation

答案:Wideapplicationrange

Forthecomparisonofmeasurementdata,thenonparametricmethodisusedtoanalyzeundertheconditionthattheparametermethodissatisfied（）

A:addtypeIIerrorB:AddtypeIerrorC:reducetypeIIerrorsD:ReducetypeIerrors

答案:addtypeIIerror

Ranksumtestoftwosamplescomparison:ifthesamplesizeisfixed,thegreaterthedifferencebetweenthetwogroupsofranksumindicates（）

A:ThegreaterthedifferencebetweenthetwopopulationsB:Thegreaterthedifferencebetweenthetwosamples,themorereasonablethedifferencebetweenthetwopopulationsC:ThemorereasontosaythatthereisnodifferencebetweenthetwopopulationsD:thesmallerthedifferencebetweenthetwopopulations

答案:Thegreaterthedifferencebetweenthetwosamples,themorereasonablethedifferencebetweenthetwopopulations

Inaclinicaltrialstudy,thecurativeeffectisdividedintofourgrades:"cured,markedlyeffective,effectiveandineffective".Now,ifyouwanttocomparethetreatmenteffectbetweentheexperimentalgroupandthecontrolgroup,theappropriatestatisticalmethodis（）。

A:contingencychisquaretestB:WilcoxonRankSumtest(Mann-WhitneyUtest)C:FisherexacttestD:chisquaretest

答案:WilcoxonRankSumtest(Mann-WhitneyUtest)

Comparedwiththet-test,theadvantageoftheRankSumtestis（）

A:ThecalculationissimpleandnotrestrictedbydistributionB:SmallsamplingerrorC:TheformulaismorereasonableD:Highinspectionefficiency

答案:Thecalculationissimpleandnotrestrictedbydistribution

第十一章测试

Ifwewanttoanalyzethelinearrelationshipbetweentwoquantitativevariableswithnormaldistribution,whatmethodcanweuse?（）

A:ttestB:ANOVAC:PearsoncorrelationD:Spearmanrankcorrelation

答案:Pearsoncorrelation

Ifwewanttoanalyzetherelationshipsbetweentheoutcomes(cured,markedlyeffective,effectiveandineffective)oftwodrugstreatment,whatmethodcanweuse?（）

A:ANOVAB:ttestC:SpearmanRankcorrelationD:Pearsoncorrelation

答案:SpearmanRankcorrelation

Ifwewanttopredictthevalueofonevariableaccordingtothevalueofanothervariable.Supposethetwovariablesfollownormaldistribution.Whatme