【英语翻译】公示语的翻译

八、公示语的翻译整理ppt（一）什么是公示语？公示语是指在公共场所向公众公示须知内容的语言，它包括标识、批示牌、路牌、标语、公告、警示等等。整理ppt公示语范围非常广泛，在英语里没有一个与之相对应的统称。为了方便起见，我们不妨把“公示语”翻译成Environmentalcommunicationnoticesandsigns整理ppt在英语里有许多分类的公示语名称：streetsigns,trafficsigns,roadsigns,roadmarkers,parkingsigns,schoolsigns,no-smokingsigns,constructionsigns…旅游场所的公示语当然也是公示语的一个重要方面。食品、饮料、药品、化妆品等包装上的一般性的简单的使用说明也应该算作公示语。整理ppt（二）公示语的分类就内容而言，可分为四类：1.提示性（Information）2.指示性（Instructions）3.告示性（Notices）4.警告性（Warnings）整理ppt1.提示性的informationalnotices:OUTOFORDERNOVACANCIESSOLDOUTCYCLESFORHIREORSALESCLEARANCESALESSTARTSTODAYNOTHINGTODECLARE整理ppt2.指示性的instructive/directive/guidingnotices:PLEASEQUEUEOTHERSIDEKEEPRIGHTDOGSMUSTBECARRIEDTHESESEATSAREAPPRECIATEDBYTHEOLDANDINFIRM整理ppt3.告示性的regulatorynotices:NOSMOKINGNOPARKINGNOEXITPLEASEDONOTDISTURBPLEASEDONOTFEEDTHEANIMALSDONOTLEANOUTOFTHEWINDOWKEEPOFFTHEGRASSEXAMINATIONSINPROGRESSADMISSIONTOTICKETHOLDERSONLYSHOPLIFTERSWILLBEPROSECUTED整理ppt4.警告性warningnotices:MINDYOURHEADMINDTHESTEPFRAGILEBEWAREOFPICKPOCKETSDANGER整理ppt三、英语公示语的特点语言简洁明了，正式规范。可用下面五个由字母C开头的单词来概括：concise,conventional,consistent,conspicuous,convenient简洁、规范、统一、醒目、方便整理ppt英语公示语的语体比较正式，如：Offenderssellingtobaccotominorswillbefined.不准向未成年人销售香烟，违者罚款。Weareauthorizedtodemandproofofbuyer’sage.本店有权要求购烟者提供年龄证明。整理ppt下面这些例句显示了公示语和日常口语的对照：FEEDINGANIMALSSTRICTLYPROHIBITED.Youarenotallowedtofeedtheanimal.PENALTYFORDROPPINGLITRE----UPTO￡100FINE.Youcanbetakentocourtandmadetopay￡100fordroppingrubbish.整理pptNOTHROUGHROADFORMOTORVEHECLES.Thereisnowayoutattheotherendofthisroadforcars.CYCLISTSDISMOUNTHERE.Cyclistsshouldgetofftheirbicycleshere.NOADMISSIONTOUNACCOMPANIEDMINORS.Youngpeopleunder18yearsoldcanonlycomeiftheyarewithanadult.整理ppt四、公示语的翻译常采用三种不同的翻译方法：Adapt:参照英语中类似的表达方式进行适当的更改/模仿;Borrow:借用英语中对应的表达方法;Create:在前两种情况都不存在的情况下，按照英语的习惯和思路进行创译。可以归纳为A-B-C模式，即“模仿-借用-创新”模式。一条原则：充分考虑英语的表达习惯整理pptⅠ“请勿吸烟”和“严禁吸烟”可直接从下面现有的几种表达方法中加以选择：NOSMOKINGNOSMOKINGINTHISESTABLISHMENT/BUILDINGNOSMOKINGEXCEPTINDESIGNATEDGUESTROOMSdesignatedroom/area指定的吸烟区整理ppt如要特别强调“严禁吸烟”还可这样说：ABSOLUTELYNOSMOKINGDanger:Nosmokingoropenflame危险：禁止吸烟和明火整理ppt如果要想语气婉转些，也可以这样表达：Thankyoufornotsmoking.Notice:Thisisasmoke-free/non-smokingfacility/building.此处为无烟区。Forhygiene’ssakepleaserefrainyourselffromsmokinginthisroom.为了您和他人的健康，请勿在此吸烟。以上均属于照搬借用（borrow）的翻译方法。整理pptⅡ商业零售设施也可采用borrow的翻译方法，如：Automaticvending自动售货机Conveniecestore便利店整理pptDiscountshed折扣大棚Discounters折扣摊点Edgeoftownsite近效商业点整理pptFactoryoutlet厂家直销点Franchising特许经营Hypermarket巨型超市In-homeretailing上门销售整理pptMailorderretailing邮购服务Non-storeretailing无店面销售Retailpark零售园Specialtyshop专营商店整理pptSuburbancenter市郊商业中心Telemarketing电话销售Varietystore综合商店Warehouseclub会员制超市整理ppt零售商业的形式还有:Bazaar市场（源自中东地区）；慈善义卖点Boutique服饰专卖店(专买流行时装的小商店)Chainstore连锁店Emporium百货商场，商业大厦整理pptFarmersmarket农贸市场Fleamarket跳蚤市场，旧货市场Licensedshop/venderoftobaccoandalcohol烟酒专卖店Generalstore杂货店整理pptGrocerystore蔬菜水果店Shoppingarcade廊式商业街Shoppingcenter购物中心Shoppingmall大型购物中心（大磨）整理pptShoppingparade购物市场Shoppingplaza购物广场Shoppingprecinct商业步行街Exportgoodsstore/emporium外贸商场整理pptⅢ保护绿地的警示语保护绿草，留住绿意。小草有生命，脚下请留情。小草微微笑，请您走便道。护一片绿叶，献一份爱心。Preservegreengrassandretainthegreencolor.Littlegrasshaslife,pleasewatchyourstep.Littlegrassissmilingslightly.Pleasewalkonthepavement.Protectapieceofgreenleafanddedicateashareoflove.译文不规范(makenosense)整理ppt可取的翻译应是：保护绿草，留住绿意。小草有生命，脚下请留情。小草微微笑，请您走便道。护一片绿叶，献一份爱心。Takecareofthegrasstokeeptheplacegreen.Treadingongrassistreadingonlife.Littlegrasssayssmilingly:“walkonthepathway,please.”Yourcareforthegreenisyourloveofthecommunity.整理ppt如果用规范正宗的英语重新翻译，可直接借用英语中现成的说法“请勿践踏草坪”：Pleasekeepoffthegrass.Pleasestayoffthegrass.Thankyou.Pleasebeadvised:stayoffthegrass.整理ppt另一种选择是按照英语的思维习惯进行翻译使译文更为生动活泼，更有艺术性。如：保护绿草，留住绿地。Keepthegrassgreenandfresh.Colorourcitygreenwithwell-attendedgrass.Forourenvironment’ssake,keepthegrassintopshape.整理ppt小草有生命，脚下请留情。Pleasegivemeachancetogrow.Grassgrowsinsilence.Pleaseleaveitalone.IfIamtrampledlikeaweed,I’dbedyingatyourfeet.整理ppt小草微微笑，请您走便道。Igreetyouwithasmileandyoushouldbehavewithstyle.Ifyoustayoffmyground,I’llbegreenalltheyearround.Thesmilinggrasswouldliketosay:“Pleasewalkonthepathway.”

整理ppt护一片绿叶，献一份爱心。Alittleturfofgrassgrowswiththecareofeveryone.Myhealthygrowthcallsforeverybody’stendercare.Letthegrassthrivewithourcare.整理ppt类似的公示语还有：请勿乱扔垃圾，保持环境清洁。Don’tbealitterbug/litterlout.Helpkeepthecity/environmentclean.整理ppt不准宠物随地大小便；宠物粪便必须随时清除。Nodogpooping!Nodogpeeing!Nodogpoopzone.Owners,pleasepickupafteryourpet!Ifyourdogpoops,pleasescoop.Respectyourneighbor,takethepoopwithyou.整理pptⅣ停车场和禁止停车Carpark停车场Parkade多层停车场，停车楼Undergroundparking地下停车整理pptBoom-gateparking吊臂停车场（入口处有自动起落的吊臂控制，司机用投币或插卡的方式开启驶入）VIPcarpark贵宾停车场Ticketparkingarea购票停车PayParking收费停车场整理pptPayanddisplay购票展示（购票后放在挡风玻璃内票面朝外展示出来，以便交通管理员trafficwarden能看得见。）TimeLimitParking限时停车15MinuteParking15分钟停车整理pptLongStayParking长时间停车Flatrateparking单一的停车费标准（不分时间长短）Emergencyparking紧急停车Stoppingforloadingorunloadingonly只准临时停车装卸货整理pptPreferredparking就近停车Additionalparkingatrear后面还有停车位Threeforfree三人同车可免费停车整理ppt英语里有许多禁止停车的用语，如：NOPARKINGTOWAWAYZONENOPARKINGUNAUTHORIZEDCARSWILLBETOWEDAWAYATOWNER’SEXPENSENOPARKINGVIOLATORSWILLBETOWEDATVEHICLEOWNER’SEXPENSE禁止停车，违者拖走。整理ppt消防通道，严禁停车STRICTLYNOPARKINGFIREZONENOPARKINGORSTANDINGFIRELANENOPARKINGFIRESTATION整理ppt私人车道，禁止停车NOPARKINGINDRIVEWAYNOPARKINGPRIVATEDRIVEDONOTBLOCKDRIVEWAY整理ppt如在此停车，车辆及车内财物责任自负VEHICLESANDTHEIRCONTENTSARELEFTHEREENTIRELYATTHEOWNER’SRISK整理ppt未经允许在此停车，车轮将被锁定CARSPARKEDHEREWITHOUTPERMISSIONWILLBECLAMPED.整理ppt此处随时使用，禁止停车NOPARKING,GARAGEINUSENOPARKIGN,CONSTANTLYINUSENOPARKING,INUSE24HOURS整理ppt装卸区禁止停车NOPARKINGLOADINGZONENOPARKINGLOADINGBAYNOPARKINGSERVICE&DELIVERYAREA整理ppt小型车停放区PARKINGFORSMALLCARSCOMPACTCARSONLY未经允许，不准停车PARKINGBYPERMITONLYASSIGNEDPARKINGONLYAUTHORIZEDPARKINGONLY整理ppt内部停车位PARKINGFORSTAFF/FACULTYONLYRESERVEDFOREMPLOYEESMANAGER’SPARKINGBAY整理ppt客户专用车位GUEST’SCARPARKVISITORSPARKINGONLYPARKINGFORCUSTOMERSONLY整理ppt门前禁止停车NOPARKINGINFRONTOFTHISGATE请不要在护拦前停车PLEASEDONOTPARKINFRONTOFTHEBARRIER禁止停车过夜NOOVERNIGHTPARKING整理ppt英语里还有一些特别强调严禁停车的说法：DONOTEVENTHINKOFPARKINGHERENOPARKING,STANDING,STOPPINGANYTIMENOPARKING,NOSTANDING,NOSTOPPING,NOKIDDING!NOPARKING,NOT5MINUTES,NOT30SECONDS,NOTATALL!整理pptⅤ开车及安全行车用语超速行驶speeding酒后驾车DrinkanddriveDrunkdrivingDrivingdrunkDrunkendrivingDrivingunderinfluence(DUI)整理ppt疲劳驾驶drowsydrivingdrivingdrowsyfatiguedriving英语里还有这种说法：stop,revive,survive开车时如感到疲劳困倦，要停下来休息一下，以恢复精神，这样可以保证安全。整理ppt英语里找不到对等表达方法时，就采用“创译”的方法，如：司机一滴酒，亲人两行泪Whenamanmixesdrinkwithdrive,heislikelytobringtearstohiswife.整理ppt司机一滴酒，亲人两行泪如果要强调“一滴酒”和“两行泪”的对应，也可这样译：Onedropofalcoholonthepartofthedrivercanresultintwolinesoftearsforhisfamily.更为简洁的译文是：Drinkanddrivecostsyourlife.整理ppt宁停三分，不抢一秒直译：Threeminuteswaitissafe,onesecondrushisrisky.Itpaystostoptowaitforthreeminutesratherthanrushtogainonesecond.整理ppt宁停三分，不抢一秒意译：It’sfarbettertoarrivelateinthisworldthanearlyinthenext.Betterlatethannever.译文更生动、地道。整理ppt小结：英语中如果有现成的对应的表达方法，我们就可以采取“拿来主义”的方式。这一方式在大多数情况下都是适用的。英语里如果有类似的表达可参照借鉴时，可采取“移植嫁接”的方式。这种情况也比较普遍。当找不到相同或相近的表达时，就必须按照英语的习惯和思路进行创译。公示语翻译采取A-B-C模式。整理ppt十、街道路牌的英译1.重要性：地名标志为国家法定的标志物，地名标志上的书写、拼写内容及形式具有严肃的政治性。街道路