广州新版八下Unit-4Cartoons-and-comic-strips知识点1

#Unit4Cartoonsandcomicstrips知识点讲解与拓展：character：n.人物、角色YueFeiisagreathistoricalcharacter.2.thinkof考虑、思考I'mthinkingofgoingtoParisforvacation.拓展：thinkof：想起、记起Ican'tthinkofhisname.thinkof：对有某种看法，常用于“Whatdoyouthinkof…”句型中Whatdoyouthinkofthebook？3.add…to…&addtoadd…to…把……加到……上Pleaseaddsomesalttothewater.addto添加，增添（欢乐、困难等抽象名词）Doyouhaveanythingtoaddtothelist?recordv.录音I'verecordedthewholeconcert.拓展：recordn.记录settherecord创造记录breaktherecord打破记录holdtherecord保持记录decideon决定、选定WhatmadeyoudecideonPlanA?basicadj.基础的，基本的拓展：base—basis(n.)基础一basic(adj.)基本的一basically(adv,)基本上Hereitis.以here和there开头的句子，若后面的主语为人称代词，主谓不倒装；若后面的主语为名词，主谓倒装。Hereyouare.给你。Herecomesthebus.公共汽车来了。forgetv.忘记forgettodo忘记要做某事（动作没发生）Iforgettoturnoffthelight.forgetdoing忘记做过某事（动作已发生）Iforgetopeningthedoor.looklike看上去像Tomlookslikehisfather.拓展：提问长相：Whatdo/dosesb.looklike?提问性格：Whatissb.like?appearv.显得，看来，似乎Awomansuddenlyappearedinthedoorway.拓展：appear(tobe)+adj./n.Sheappears(tobe)happyatthenews.appeartodosth.Youappeartotravelquitealot.alittle&abit1)两者都可以作副词用，用来修饰形容词(原级或比较级)，或动词。I'malittle/bithungry.2）用作形容词做定语时，alittle修饰不可数名词，而abit后面加of再加不可数名词。There'salittlewater.=There'sabitofwater.bereadytodosth.已完成某事，准备好做某事Thecontractwillbereadytosignintwoweeks.拓展：be/getreadyforsth.为做好准备Areyoureadyforyourteast?aswellas并且，还。用来连接并列成分。连接并列主语时，谓语动词与前一主语保持一致。Sheiscleveraswellasbeautiful.howtodo疑问词+todoIdon'tknowhowtodoit.拓展：whattodo做什么wheretogo去哪里whytodo为什么做Don't+动词原形.否定祈使句，意为“不要，禁止”Don'tplayjokesonme,willyou?thesameas…和一样Thetwinslookthesameaseachother.拓展：bedifferentfrom与……不同LondonwasdifferentfrommostEuropeancapitals.look连系动词，意为“看起来，看上去”，厚街形容词作表语。Alicelookshappytoday.拓展：连系动词还有：：be（是），look（看起来），feel（摸上去），seem（似乎是），appear（似乎、显得）,prove（证明是）,smell（闻起来）,taste（尝起来）,sound（听起来）等Letsb.dosth.让某人做某事在let引导的祈使句中，sb可以是名词，也可以说代词的宾格。Lethimgo.let是使役动词，常用的使役动词还有：make,have，leave等。Theymademerepeatthestory.apairof+不可数名词/可数名词的复数apairofshoeslookout=payattentionto当心、注意Lookout！Thereisacarcoming！拓展：lookoutof…向外看Shestoppedwritingandlookedoutofthewindow.pickup捡起，拾起Shepickupaflowerontheroad.拓展：pickupsth.捡起某物，当sth.是人称代词的宾格时，放在pick之后，如：pickitup。当sth.是名词时，可以放在pickup中间或up之后，如：pickthepenup=rouble在困境中He'sintrouble,let'shelphim.拓展：与trouble相关的短语：getintotrouble惹上麻烦havetrouble（in）doingsth.做某事有困难successn.成功Iwishyousuccesswithyourstudies.拓展：succeedv.成功。succeedindoingsth.successfuladj.成功的。Hisbusinessissuccessful.tellsbsth.告诉某人某事Hetoldmethereason.tellsb.todosth.告诉某人做某事Theteachertoldhimtocleantheclassroom.tellsb.nottodosth.告诉某人不做某事Hetoldusnottobuyclothesinthisstore.laughat嘲笑Don'tlaughathim,please.Whatdoyouyourhometown?Itisverybeautiful.Iloveitverymuch.A.lookatB.talkaboutC.thinkofD.thinkoverWhenIwasinthesupermarke,Iforgotmoneywithme.A.totakeB.totakingC.takingD.bringingCouldyougivemesomeadvice?Idon'tknow.Whydon'tyouwearthisredshirt?A.whentowearB.whattowearC.howtowearD.wheretowearMostofmyclassmatesdon'tliketotalktoteirparents,butIamthem.A.differentfromB.surprisedatC.thesameasD.proudofWhere'syourticket?Show,please.A.meitB.itmeC.metoitD.ittome--Tom,readbookswhileyouarewalkinginthestreet.It'sverydangerous.--OK,thankyouA.don'tB.doesn'tC.won'tD.can'tHeapieceofwastepaper,andputitintotherubbishbag.A.pickedupB.threwawayC.lookedforD.handedinI'tsureourfootballteamwillthismatch.We'rethebest.A.winB.failC.loseD.beatOurteacheroftentellsusintheriver.It'sdangerous.A.don'tswimB.notswimC.nottoswimD.notswimmingThankstotheInternet,differentkindsofinformationinashorttime.A.canbelearnedB.hasbeenlearnedC.canlearnD.haslearned语法——被动语态(2)一.概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。二.主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换WeVisitedthatfactorylastsummerT主动语态主谓语宾语状语ThatfactorywasvisitedbyuslastsummerT被动语态主语谓语宾语状语三.各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的对比时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时(1)DotheyspeakFrench?IsFrenchspokenbythem?

am/is/are+P.P.（2）Theydon'tusetheroom.Theroomisn'tusedbythem.一般过去时（1）Thehunterkilledatiger.Atigerwaskilledbythehunter.was/were+p.p.（2）Hewrotemanystorieslastyear.Manystorieswaswrittenbyhimlastyear.现在进行时（1）TheseworkersarebuildingaAnewbridgeisbeingbuiltbytheseam/is/are+beingnewbridge.workers.+p.p.（2）Heismendinghiscar.Hiscarisbeingmendedbyhim.过去进行时（1）Hewassellingbooks.Bookswerebeingbuiltbyhim.was/were+being+（2）TheywerediscussingtheTheplanwasbeingdiscussedbythematp.p.planatthattime.thattime.现在完成时（1）ShehaslearnedmanyManyEnglishwordshavebeenlearnedhave/has+been+p.p.Englishwords.（2）Hehasfinishedthework.byher.Theworkhasbeenfinishedbyhim.过去完成时（1）TheyhassolvedtheTheproblemhadbeensolvedbythem.had+been+blem.（2）Wehadtoldhimthenewsbythen.Thenewshadbeentoldtohimbyus.一般将来时（1）Ishallmakeaplan.Aplanwillbemadebyme.shall/willbe+p.p.（2）Theyaregoingtofixtheradioinanhour.Theradioisgoingtobefixedbytheminanhour.过去将来时（1）HetoldmetheywouldpaintHetoldmetheroomwouldbepaintedwouldbe+p.p.theroom.bythem.was/weregoingtobe+（2）TheyweregoingtoputonaAplaywasgoingtobeputbythemthep.p.playthenextweek.nextweek.情态动词（1）WeshouldhandinourOurhomeworkshouldbehandedinbycan/may/must/homework.us.should（2）YoumustanswertheThequestionmustbeansweredin+be+p.p.questioninEnglish.Englishbyyou.四.如何正确使用被动语态1.有些动词带有两个宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。需要注意的是：若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在间接宾语之间加上介词“to”。eg.Heoftentellsusinterestingstories.（主动语态）（被动语态）Weareoftentoldinterestingstoriesbyhim.Interestingstoriesareoftentoldtousbyhim.

（被动语态）▲常带双宾语的词有：tell,show,lend,pass等。在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to还要还原。eg.Ioftenhearhersingthispopularsong.（主动语态）Sheisoftenheardtosingthispopularsong.（被动语态）▲有这种用法的常用动词有：make,let,see,hear,watch,feel,notice等。有些“be+过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态，它们可能是“系表结构（即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语）。”（Thedoorisclosed.门是关着的。（系表结构）比较：1.^ThedoorisclosedbyFengping.这个门是由冯平来关的。（被动语态）（Theglassisbroken.这个玻璃杯是坏的。（系表结构）2.[TheglasswasbrokenbyMary.这个玻璃杯是玛丽弄坏的。（被动语态）只有及物动词和可有宾语的动词+介词词组才可以有被动语态。GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChina.（正确）GreatchangeshavebeentakenplaceinChina.（错误）Thedolphindisappearedinthedeepsea.（正确）Thedolphinwasdisappearedinthedeepsea.（错误）五、不能用被动语态的情况不及物动词不能用于被动语态，如：appear，rise，die，happen，breakout，takeplac表状态动词不能用于被动语态，如：hold，have，cost，contain，become，looklike等某些动词的进行时可表示被动，如：Themeatiscooking.肉正在煮着。主动形式表示被动意义。1）某些感官动词和系动词接形容词可以表示被动意义，如：look，smell，taste，feel，prove，wear，sound等。eg：Herbedroomlooksverycleanandtidy.2）动名词的主动形式表被动语态，如：want，deserve，need，require，take，worth等。Thebookisworthreading.这本书值得读。Thechildrenneedlookingafter.孩子们需要照顾。3）某些做表语的形容词后，用不定式主动形式表被动意义。Theconversationishardtounderstand.这个对话很难理解。Thefishisnoteasytofish.鱼不容易上钩。Thepassageisdifficulttoread.这段文章很难读懂。1.Themobilephonehasinfluencedpeople'slifealotsinceit.A.inventsB.inventedC.isinventedD.wasinventedThislisteningmaterial,togetherwithitsCD-ROMs,well.A.sellsB.sellC.issoldD.aresoldThesportsmeetingnextmonth.A.willholdB.isgoingtoholdC.willbeheld—Excuseme.I'mlookingforBetheBestofYourself.—Sorry.Thebookyouaskforout.A.issellingB.issoldC.wassellingD.willbesoldAnnietotheparty.Shehadawonderfultimewithus.A.invitesB.isinvitedC.wasinvitedD.hasinvitedManyhousesintheearthquakeofApril20,2013inYa'an.A.isdestroyedB.aredestroyedCwasdestroyedD.weredestroyedHanHan'sbooksarepopular.Theybymanyteenagers.A.isreadB.wasreadC.arereadD.werereadTeenagersallowedtodrive.A.shouldnotbeB.shouldbenotC.notshouldbe—Atpresent,oneofthebestwaystostudyisworkingingroups.—Morechancestostudentstolearnfromeachother.A.offerB.areofferedC.haveofferedD.areoffering—Iwanttoborrowthebook,butIdon'tknowhowlongitmay.—Fortwoweeks.A.keepB.beborrowedC.borrowD.bekeptManytreesonthestreetseveryyears.Sotheairisveryfreshnow.A.plantB.areplantedC.plantedD.wereplanted—Didn'tyouseethesign"NoParking!"ontheright?—Sorry,Ididn't.ButnowIknowparkinghere.A.wasn'tallowedB.isn'tallowedC.won'tallowD.doesn'tallowFromMay6,pedestria