江苏省常州市重点中学2023-2024学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题（含答案 ）

常州市重点中学2023-2024学年高二上学期10月月考英语时间：120分钟第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分）一、短对话1.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inabank. B.Inahotel. C.Inasupermarket.2.Whatwillthewhetherbeliketomorrow?A.Rainy. B.Sunny. C.Windy.3.WhatdoesJamesplantodothisafternoon?A.Goshopping. B.Attendaparty. C.Dosomedecorations.4.HowmanylanguagesarethereinGoogleTranslate?A.133. B.157. C.300.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theirneighbors. B.Theirholidayplans. C.Theirfavoritepart-timejobs.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.WhatisStevegoingtodoinanhour?A.WatchaTVshow.B.Gotothepark.C.Havedinnerwithhisparents.7.Wherewillthespeakersmeettomorrow?A.Atarestaurant. B.Attheconcerthall. C.AtMia’sapartment.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.WhydidWendysleepbadlylastnight?A.Sheworkedtoolate.B.Shehadtoomuchcoffee.C.Shesufferedfromworkpressure.9.WhatdoesthemanadviseWendytodobeforebedtime?A.Takesleepingpills. B.Dosomeexercise. C.Drinkhotmilk.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fellowworkers. B.Husbandandwife. C.Neighbors.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.Whatistheman?A.Adriver. B.Ateacher. C.Amechanic.12.WhatwillMegdoonSunday?A.Gotothepostoffice. B.Finishsomepaperwork. C.Leaveforanothercountry.13.WhenwillthemanmeetMeg?A.At11:00am. B.At2:00pm. C.At3:00pm.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.Whoistheman’sfavoriteplayer?A.Messi. B.Neymar. C.CristianoRonaldo.15.Whatdoesthemanexplainaboutthe2022WorldCup?A.Theinfluence. B.Thetimechange. C.Thebestplayers.16.WhichcountryhaswonthemostWorldCups?A.Italy. B.Brazil. C.Germany.三、短文听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Howlongdidthetwomenspendatsea?A.Oneweek. B.About20days. C.Aboutonemonth.18.Whatwasthetwomen’sattitudetowardtheiradventure?A.Positive. B.Ambiguous. C.Negative.19.Whatdidthetwomeneattosurvive?A.Fish. B.Oranges. C.Seabirds.20.Whosavedthetwomen?A.Afisherman B.Thelocalgovernment. C.Asearchandrescueteam.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）ANewbigpackfromSierraDesignsThelatestpackfromSierraDesignsistheGigawatt60L.Thepackhasanadjustablebacksystemthatfitsbacklengthsfrom40cmto53cm.It’smadefromdurable300Dpolyester.Featuresincludeazippedtopandsideaccess,oversizedsideandfrontpockets.TheGigawatt60Lweighs1.84kgandcosts£130.ScarpaupgradesitsMaestralebootsMaestraleRe-MadeskibootsaremadefromPolymertakenfromaroundthreetonsofleftovermaterials.CreatingaRe-MadebootfromPolymeremits27%lesscarbondioxidethancreatinga“classic”bootfromplant-basedPebaxRnew,whichemits32%lesscarbondioxidethanFossil-basedPlastics.ThedesignandmanufacturingprocessbehindtheRe-MadebootweredevelopedbyScarpa’sGreenLab,theproductiondepartmentdedicatedtosustainablesolutions.Apaircosts£500.scarpa.co.uk/VasqueBreezegetssustainableupdateThewell-establishedVasqueBreezehikingboothasbeenmodernisedwithenvironmentallyfriendlymaterials.It’snowmadewithrecycledpolyesterandisthefirstboottohaveaVasqueDryWaterproofmembrane,whichismadefrom25%recycledmaterials.TheBreezeisalsocomfortabletowearwithitssoftfootbed.TheBreezeweighs1120gramsandcomesintwowidths.Itcosts£140.TheNorthFacelaunchesnewskitouringclothingTheDawnTurnclothingprovidesalayeringsystemforskitouringdesignedtokeepyouwarm,dryandfreelymoving.Itincludesashelljacket,midlayers,trousersandaccessories.TheDawnTurn2.0jacketwontheinnovationawardatISPOforitsbreathablelayer.Thecostis£350.TheDawnTurn1.0JacketismadefromwaterproofDryVent.Itfeaturesawindproofhoodandoversizedfrontpockets,andcosts£325..thenorthface.co.uk21.Thetargetreadersofthepassageareprobably________.A.Theskiathletes B.TheoutdoorloversC.Theenvironmentalists D.Thesportsretailers22.WhichofthefollowingstatementisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.TheVasqueBreezehikingbootisbotheco-friendlyandwaterproof.B.ThelatestbigpackfromSierraDesignshasafixedbacksystem.C.Bothkindsofbootsmentionedinthepassagehavetwodifferentwidths.D.TheDawnTurn1.0JacketwontheinnovationawardatISPO.23.Inthebootsproduction,whichorderiscorrectbasedonthecarbonemissionsofthematerials?A.Polymer>PebaxRenew>Fossil-basedPlasticsB.Fossil-basedPlastics>PebaxRenew>PolymerC.Fossil-basedPlastics>Polymer>PebaxRenewD.Polymer>Fossil-basedPlastics>PebaxRenewBBatmanmaynothaveanysuperpowers,buthisinspirationcertainlydoes.Morethan1,400batspecieslivearoundtheworld,exceptinAntarcticaandafewremoteislands.Overtheir50millionyearsofevolution,batshavedevelopedcleversolutionstolife’schallenges,fromabuilt-insonarsystemforfindingfoodtofast,flexiblewingsthatproducethefastestlevel-flightspeedofanyanimalonEarth.“Thereisstillalottolearn,butitisclearthatbatsreallydohavesuperpowers,”saysRodrigoMedellín,anecologist.“Batsareshowingushowtoliveabetterlife,forinstance,byservingasmodelsforhealthylivingandlonglives.”Asageneralruleinbiology,smalleranimalshaveshorterlivesthanlargerones.Butbatsarerulebreakers:they’rethelongest-livedmammalsrelativetotheirbodysize.Recently,scientistslookedinsidebats’cellsforthesecretstotheirexceptionallylonglives.Theyfocusedontelomeres,whicharetheprotectivestructuresfoundattheendsofchromosomes.Inmostanimals,telomerestendtogetshorterwithage.Butthetelomeresofthelongest-livedgroupofbats,Myotis,donotappeartoshrinkwithage.Understandingwhybatslivesolongmayhelphumanslivelongeroneday.Inadditiontolivinglonger,batsremainhealthythroughouttheirlives,withverylowriskofdevelopingcancer.Furthermore,batscancarrydeadlyviruseswithoutgettingsick.Sofurtherresearchintotheiruniqueimmunesystemsmayactuallygiveinsightintohowpeoplecanlivewithvirusesandnotgetsick.Beyondtheirownabilities,batsalsosupportmanyotherpartsoftheirecosystems.Threeoutofeveryfourbatspecieseatinsects.Manyarepeststhatcausedamagetoimportantagriculturalcrops,suchascotton.Scientistsestimatethatinsect-eatingbatsmaysaveU.S.farmersabout1billionperyear.Inaddition,manybatspecieshelpimproveplanthealthanddiversity.“Batsareunsungheroesofbiodiversity,”saysMedellin.“It’sabouttimeweprotectedthem.”24.Whatcanbelearnedaboutbatsfromthetext?A.Theyflythefastestofalllandanimals.B.Theyarethelongest-livedanimalsgiventheirsize.C.TheylivemainlyontheislandsofAntarctica.D.Theyareatlowriskoffallingsickwithavirus.25.Whatdidscientistsrecentlyfind?A.Myotis’stelomeresdonotshortenastheyage.B.Animals’telomeresrarelyshrinkwithage.C.Moreresearchintobattelomerescouldhelppeoplelivemorehealthily.D.Smalleranimalsusuallyliveshorterlivesthanlargerones.26.Whatistheauthor’sintentioninwritingthelastparagraphbutone?A.Tohighlighttheimportanceofbatstotheecosystem.B.Toexplainhowbatsbenefitthefarmers.C.Tocallonpeopletotakeactionstoprotectbats.D.Toshowwhatbatsfeedon.27.Whatwouldbeasuitabletitleforthistext?A.BatsOfferCluestoTreatingDiseasesB.HowBatsDealwithLife’sChallengesC.WhyBatsAreSuperheroesoftheAnimalWorldD.ScientistsUnlocktheSecretstoLongLivesCUpanddowntheeconomicladder,manyAmericanswhowork—andespeciallythoseraisingkids—arepressedfortime,wishingtheyhadmoreofittodevotetoleisureactivities(orevenjustsleeping).Atthesametime,researchhasindicatedthatpeoplewhoarebusytendtobehappierthanthosewhoareidle,whethertheirbusynessispurposefulornot.Aresearchpaperreleasedlatelastyearinvestigatedthistrade-off,attemptingtopinpointhowmuchleisuretimeisbest.Itsauthorsexaminedtherelationshipbetweentheamountof“discretionarytime”peoplehad—basically,howmuchtimepeoplespendawakeanddoingwhattheywant—andhowpleasedtheywerewiththeirlives.Thepaper,whichanalyzeddatacoveringabout35,000Americans,foundthatemployedpeople’sratingsoftheirsatisfactionwithlifepeakedwhentheyhadintheneighborhoodoftwoandahalfhoursoffreetimeaday.Forpeoplewhodidn’twork,theoptimalamountwasfourhoursand45minutes.Theresearchtracedacorrelationbetweenfreetimeandlifesatisfaction,butdidn’tprovideanydefinitiveinsightintowhatunderliesthatcorrelation—“whichisexciting,becausethisisaworkinprogress,”saysCassieMogilnerHolmes,aprofessoratUCLA’sAndersonSchoolofManagementandaco-authorofthepaper,whichhasn’tyetbeenpeer-reviewedorpublishedinanacademicjournal.Anexperimentthattheresearchersarrangedhintedatapossibleexplanationofthecorrelationtheyfound.Theyaskedparticipantstopictureanddescribewhatitwouldbeliketohaveacertainamountofdailyfreetime,andthenreporthowthey’dfeelaboutthatallotment.“Whatwefindisthathavingtoolittletimemakespeoplefeelstressed,andmaybethat’sobvious,”saysHolmes.“Butinterestingly,thateffectgoesaway—theroleofstressgoesaway—onceyouapproachtheoptimalpoint.”Afterthatpoint,Holmessays,thesubjectsstartedtosaytheyfeltlessproductiveoverall,whichcouldexplainwhyhavingalotoffreetimecanfeellikehavingtoomuchfreetime.It’snotclearwhatanindividualistodowiththesefindings,sincetheamountoffreetimepeoplehaveusuallyhassomethingtodowithavarietyoffactors,suchashavingchildrenoradegreeofcontroloverworkschedules.HolmessharedherresearchwiththeMBAstudentsinherclassonhappiness,andsomeofthemosttime-crunchedamongthemwerecomfortedbythefindings:“Ithinkthattwoandahalfhourscreatesanicegoalthatevenifyouincreasealittlebitmoreofyourdiscretionarytimeuse,youcanexpectthatitwilltranslateintogreaterlifesatisfaction.”28.Accordingtothepassage,whathappenstoAmericansoccupiedwiththeirwork?A.Theykeepthemselvesbusyonpurpose.B.Theyexperiencehigherlevelofsatisfaction.C.Theyknowhowmuchleisuretimeisbest.D.Theyallowthemselvesmoreleisuretime.29.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthecorrelationbetweenfreetimeandlifesatisfaction?A.Unemployedpeopleneedmoreleisuretimetofeelcontent.B.Employedpeopleenjoymoreleisuretimeintheneighborhood.C.Researchershavecastlightonthecauseofthecorrelation.D.Thepaperonthecorrelationhasachievedpeerrecognition.30.Whichofthefollowingchartsillustratesthechangeofstressandproductivity?A. B.C. D.31.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat________.A.individualsareencouragedtocontroltheirworkschedulesB.peoplewithtightschedulescan’tbenefitfromthefindingsC.theMBAstudentsfindnofreetimetoobtainlifesatisfactionD.HolmesisoptimisticabouttheinfluenceofherfindingsDFinancialregulationsinBritainhaveimposedaratherunusualruleonthebossesofbigbanks.Startingnextyear,anyguaranteedbonusoftopexecutivescouldbedelayed10yearsiftheirbanksareunderinvestigationforwrongdoing.Themainpurposeofthis“clawback”ruleistoholdbankersresponsibleforharmfulrisk-takingandtorestorepublictrustinfinancialinstitution.Yetofficialsalsohopeforamuchlargerbenefit:morelong-termdecision-makingnotonlybybanksbutalsobyallcorporations,tobuildastrongereconomyforfuturegenerations.“Short-termism”orthedesireforquickprofits,hasworsenedinpubliclytradedcompanies,saystheBankofEngland’stopeconomist,AndrewHaldane.Hequotesagiantofclassicaleconomies,AlfredMarshall,indescribingthisfinancialimpatienceasactinglike“Childrenwhopickthestrawberriesoutoftheirpuddingtoeatthematonce”ratherthanputtingthemasidetobeeatenlast.TheaveragetimeforholdingastockinboththeUnitedStatesandBritain,henotes,hasdroppedfromsevenyearstosevenmonthsinrecentdecades.Transientinvestors,whodemandhighquarterlyprofitsfromcompanies,canholdbackafirm’seffortstoinvestinlong-termresearchortobuildupcustomerloyalty.Thishasbeencalled“quarterlycapitalism”.Inaddition,newdigitaltechnologieshaveallowedmorerapidtradingofequities(股票),quickeruseofinformation,andthusshortensattentionspansinfinancialmarkets.“Thereseemstobeanadvantageofshort-termthinkingattheexpenseoflong-terminvesting,”saidCommissionerDanielGallagheroftheUSSecuritiesandExchangeCommissioninspeechthisweek.IntheUS,theSarbanes-OxleyActof2002haspushedmostpubliccompaniestodelayperformancebonusesforseniorexecutivesbyaboutayear,slightlyhelpingreduce“short-termism.”InitslatestsurveyofCEOpay,TheWallStreetJournalfindsthat“asubstantialpart”ofexecutivepayisnowtiedtoperformance.Muchmorecouldbedonetoencourage“long-termism,”suchaschangesinthetaxcodeandquickerdisclosureofstockacquisitions.InFrance,shareholderswhoholdontoacompanyinvestmentforatleasttwoyearscansometimesearnmorevotingrightsinacompany.Withincompanies,therightcompensationdesigncanprovidemotivationforexecutivestothinkbeyondtheirowntimeatthecompanyandonbehalfofalshareholders.Britain’snewruleisaremindertobankersthatsocietyhasaninterestintheirperformance,notjustfortheshorttermbutforthelongterm.32.Onereasonforimposingthenewruleistheregulations________.A.helpcorporationsachievelargerprofitsB.enhancebanker’ssenseofresponsibilityC.guaranteethebonusesoftopexecutivesD.buildanewsystemoffinancialregulation33.Whatcanbelearnedabout“Short-termism”fromthepassage?A.Childrenalwayspursueshort-termprofitsbyeatingstrawberriesfirst.B.Itwillbringhighprofitsforthecompany,thuskeepingitscustomers.C.Digitaltechnologyactsasadominantcontributortoitsworsening.D.Theinfluenceofitonthecompaniescanbenegativeinthelongrun.34.TheUSandFranceexamplesinparagraph5and6areusedtoillustrate_________.A.theobstaclestopreventing“short-termism”B.thesignificanceoflong-termthinkingC.theapproachestopromoting“long-termism”D.thepopularityofshort-termthinking35.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.PatienceasaCorporateVirtueB.FailureofQuarterlyCapitalismC.DecisivenessRequiredofTopExecutivesD.FrustrationofRisk-takingBankers第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分）TheUpsidetoBeingOutsideResearchshowsthatbeinginnaturemakespeoplefeelgood,whetherthey’reroughingitinthewildernessfordaysorjusthangingoutatalocalparkforawhile.OnestudywasconductedinthecityofBirmingham,Alabama.Researchersfoundthatmostparticipants’moodandwell-beingimprovedsignificantlywhentheyspenttimeinurbanparks,eventhoughtheaveragevisitwasonlyaroundhalfanhour.36Forexample,scientistsintheUnitedKingdomstudiedtheimpactofthe“30DaysWild”campaign.Itchallengedpeopletointeractwithnaturefor30daysbyenjoyingearthyactivitieslikefeedingbirdsandplantingflowers.Participantsweremeasurablyhappierandhealthierthroughoutthechallenge...andformonthsafterwards,too.37Howdoesnatureboostpeople’shappiness?Scientistssaythatspendingtimeinnaturalsettingsreducesstressandanxiety,whichbenefitsmentalandphysicalhealth.Researchshowsourbrainsaremorerelaxedinnaturalsettings.Tomostpeople,it’snotnewsthatnaturecanbecalming.Butmultiplestudieshavefoundthatspendingtimeinnaturealsohassomemoresurprisingbenefits,likeimprovingcreativityandproblem-solving.38Anotherfoundthatexposuretonaturehelpedpeoplescorebetterontests.That’smoreproofthatgoingoutsideisasmartmove!Whataccountsfortheconnectionwithcognitionandcreativity?Itcouldbethatagooddoseofnatureactsasacuretoinformationoverload.Everydaylifeinvolvesalotofmultitasking.Somescientiststheorizethatspendingtimeinnatureenablesourbrainstorestandrecoverfrommentaltiredness.39Naturally,scientificstudiesdon’tcovereverythingthat’sgreataboutthegreatoutdoors.40Fromrecreationandexercisetohappinessandcreativity,therearelotsofupsidestogettingoutside.A.What’smore,theliftpeoplegetfromnatureislonglasting.B.So,kickingbackinaparkisabitliketreatingyourmindtorestfulminivacation.C.Lotsofpeopleenjoyfunactivitiesoutside,likeswimming,ridingbikes,orclimbingtrees.D.Onestudyrevealedthatpeoplewerebetteratfiguringoutpuzzlesafterafour-daycampingtrip.E.Whentheonlylightyou’veseenalldayistheglowofascreen,itmightbeagoodideatoswitchitoff.F.Accordingtomanyscientificstudies,there’sagoodchanceit’llmakeyouhappier,healthier,andmorecreative.G.Thismeansthatwhetheryou’restudyingorplayingvideogames,headingoutsidetogiveyourbrainabreakmighthelpyougettothenextlevel.第三部分语言应用（共三节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题，每小题1分）Haveyoueverhadasongstuckinyourheadand,nomatterhowhardyoutried,youcouldnotgetridofit?Thesongplayedonandon,whetheryouwereloadingthedishwasher,weavinginandoutoftraffic,orattemptingto41yourmindatthestartofyogaclass.Havingasongstuckinone’shead,knownasanearworm,isanexperiencethatover90%ofushaveona42basis.We’remorelikelytocatchanearwormafterwestopfocusing,inmomentswhentheworkingmemoryis43,whenwe’rerelaxed,whenworkisfinishedorwhenwe’reabitsleepy.Certainsongsare44thanothers,andsomorelikelyto“autorepeat”inyourhead.Therearecertainmusicalcharacteristicsthatmakesongsmorelikelytobecomeearworms,suchasifthepieceisrepetitive,ifthereisalongerdurationofcertainnotes,if45betweenthenotesaresmaller.46,weknowthatmoodcanhaveanimpact,withsomepeoplereportingthattheyalwaysgetthesameearwormwhentheyfeelgood,orpeopleexperiencingafast-tempoearwormwhentheyare47.Andofcoursefamiliaritywithasongisakey48.Songsthatyoudon’tknowverywellarelesslikelytopopupasearworms.Ifyou’vehadenoughofyourearwormandneedtostopitinitstracks,youwouldbewellwarnednottotrytoblockthesongout,butratherto49acceptit.Adeterminedefforttoblockthesongoutmayresultinthevery50ofwhatyouwant.AccordingtopsychologistDanielWegner,51thesongmaymakeyourbrainkeepplayingitoverandoveragain.Togetridofanearworm,youmaybebestservedbysimply52it,acceptingit,andleavingitalonetoletthisphenomenonendsupweakeningitselflittlebylittle.Somepeopletryto53themselvesfromthesong,anditworks.Youcantryreadingabook,listeningtoadifferentsongorevenplayinganinstrument.Others54thetuneinquestion,becauseitiscommonlybelievedthatearwormsoccurwhenyourememberonlypartofasong;hearingtheentiresongmaystopit.Neurologists(神经学家)pointoutthatit’srecommendabletochewgumtoreducethe55ofanearwormbecausejawmovementinterfereswithmusicalmemory.However,it’simportanttonotethatthisphenomenonusuallylastslessthan24hours.41.A.burden B.exploit C.alter D.clear42.A.trial B.solid C.regular D.voluntary43.A.complicated B.inactive C.dynamic D.uncertain44.A.slower B.catchier C.harsher D.louder45.A.phases B.rhythms C.intervals D.sessions46.A.Instead B.Additionally C.Otherwise D.Therefore47.A.rigid B.pleased C.remote D.alert48.A.criterion B.contributor C.concept D.consequence49.A.passively B.constantly C.readily D.critically50.A.opposite B.fantasy C.emphasised D.equivalent51.A.integrating B.resisting C.converting D.tolerating52.A.interrupting B.stimulating C.facilitating D.acknowledging53.A.perceive B.distract C.isolate D.identify54.A.actout B.castout C.knockout D.seekout55.A.proportion B.integrity C.intensity D.preference第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Upto82percentofchildrenwithhealthymothersarenoteasytobeobese,accordingtoresearch.Amother,56hasahealthyweight,exercisesregularly,eatsahealthydiet,doesn’tsmokeandonly57(drink)wineinmoderation,issignificantlylesslikely58(have)afatchild,scientistssay.Andresearchsuggestsitcouldbemoretodowithnurture59nature,asamother’slifestyleappears60(direct)linkedtothehealthofherchild.Whenbothmotherandchildfollowahealthylifestyle,theriskofobesity61(reduce)evenmore,thestudyofmorethan24,000childrenfound.Thestudyexaminedthemedicalhistoryandlifestylesofmorethan24,000childrenagednine62fourteen,borntoalmost17,000womenintheUS.Researcherslookedatthelinkbetweenoverallmotherhealthandlikelihoodofachild63(be)obese.Themother’shealthwasjudgedonherheight-to-weightratio,herdiet,amountofphysical64(active),smokingstatusandhowmuchalcoholshedrank.Ahealthyweightanddiet,regularexercise,nosmokingandmoderatedrinkingallreducethechanceofawomanhaving65obesechild.第三节（共10小题，每小题2分）在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。66.Peoplefledintotheneighboringcountrytoescapethefloods,only____________(trap)inaterriblewar.67.Locatedinthedowntownarea,thepopularhighschoolisreported____________(construction)inthelate19thcentury.68.Itisnotpossibleforeveryonetoputtheirown____________(interpret)onthelaw.69.Whenitcomestothesellingofhouses,businessesalsousehighly____________(reward)strategies.70.Thenewapphasundergone____________(extend)testsbymorethan75userswithoverwhelminglypositivefeedback.71.Accordingtothelatestnews,theworldtournamenthasappealedtomorethan1500athletes____________(representative)80differentcountriesandregionssofar.72.____________(commit)tohelpingthepeopleinneed