2021年广西柳州市高考英语一模试卷（附详解）

2021年广西柳州市高考英语一模试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）

A

Eachyeartherearemanynewinventions.Thislistincludessomeofthemostexciting

inventionscomingoutinrecentyears.

XboxAdaptiveController

TheXboxAdaptiveControllermadebytheMicrosoftisdesignedtomakethegameworld

easier.Itcanhelpthosewithlimitedhandandarmmobilityplaygames.Itconnectsdevices

suchasswitches,buttonsandjoysticks（操纵杆）tocreateacustomcontrollerexperience.

SolarChargedJacket

Ifyouareanightrunner,thenthisoneisforyou.CreatedbyacompanynamedVollebak,the

SolarChargedJacket'sspecialmaterialtakesinanylightduringthedayandgivesoffitsgreen

energyforthosewhoneedittoensuresafetyafterdark.

GravityBlanket

Agravityblanketisamagicblanket,whichweighsaround10%ofyourbody.Itprovidesstress

andsensoryinputforyou.Coveredwithit,you'llfeellikebeinghuggedtosleep.Thesuper

comfortableblankethelpsthosewhoarestressedorcannotfallasleepeasily.

LynQ

Gettingseparatedfromfriendsorfamilymembersinavacationtravelcanbeboring.ALynQ

helpsyousolvetheproblem.Itisacompass-likewirelesscommunicationmodule,whichcan

helpyoufindyourbelovedoneswhenyougetseparatedfromthegroup.Inpositioning,unlike

asmartphone,aLynQdoesnotneedanyWiFitostayconnected.

1.WhywastheXboxAdaptiveControllerinvented?

A.Tohelpusersfeelsafeinthedarkness.

B.Tohelpthosedisabledinthehandandarmplaygames.

C.Tocurepeoplewithlimitedhandmobility.

D.Tohelppeoplefindthelost.

2.Whichofthefollowinginventionsisdesignedforthosewholosesleep?

A.GravityBlanket.B.LynQ.

C.SolarChargedJacket.D.XboxAdaptiveController

3.WhatmakesaLynQdifferentfromasmartphoneinpositioning?

A.Itisawirelesscommunicationmodule.

B.Itdoesn*trelyonWiFiconnection.

C.Itcanseparatepeoplefromthegroup.

D.Itcangiveoffgreenenergy.

B

KobeBryant,borninPhiladelphia,PennsylvaniaonAugust23,1978,wasaprofessional

basketballplayer,nicknamed''BlackMamba'*or"LittleFlyingManHeplayedfortheLos

AngelesLakersthroughouthisNBAcareerfrom1996to2016.

In1996,KobeBryantenteredthehighschoolandthenbeganhislegendaryNBAcareer.On

behalfofhisschool,KobeBryantwonmanybasketballgamesandgotaveryhightotalscore.

HebroketherecordofthesoutheastofPennsylvaniathatChamberlainhadcreatedand

maintainedfor38years,whichmadeJerryWest,theLakersvicepresident,thinkhighlyofhim.

AfterKobeBryantbecamethedunk（扣篮）championintheAll-StarGamein1997,hiscareer

tookoff.From2000to2002,heandhisteamwontheNBAchampionshipsfbrthreeyearsin

arow.

KobeBryantmaintainedalotofNBApersonalrecords.Heoncegot81scoresinagame,the

secondhighestsingle-gamescoringintheNBAhistory.Inthe2007-2008season,hereceived

thetitleofMostValuablePlayer,whichisthehighesthonorforNBAplayers.Afterthat,he

andhisteamcontinuedtoattainlotsofremarkableachievements,includingtwoNBA

championshipsfrom2009to2010.

Unfortunately,onJanuary27,2020,thisgreatmanandothereightpersonswerekilledina

helicoptercrashinCalabasas.KobeBryantwasthenonly41yearsold.Thosewholovedhim

allmournedthedeathofhim.Thoughwehavelostasuperstar,hismambaspiritwillliveon.

Wewillalwaysrememberhisimmortal（不朽的）words,"IknowtheappearanceofLos

Angelesatfouro'clockinthemorningeveryday."

4.HowdidKobeBryantcatchJerryWestsattention?

A.HewasrecommendedtoJerryWest.

B.Hecreatedanewbasketballtotalscorerecordandmaintaineditfor38years.

C.HebrokethebasketballtotalscorerecordofthesoutheastofPennsylvania.

D.Hebecamethedunkchampioninthe2007-2008season.

5.HowmanyNBAchampionshipsdidKobeandhisteamwininall?

第2页，共20页

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.

6.WhatcanweinferfromKobe'simmortalwordsinthelastparagraph?

A.KobedeeplylovedLosAngeles.

B.KobeenjoyedthesunriseofLosAngeles.

C.Kobepracticedveryhardeveryday.

D.Kobedidn*twanttobenoticed.

7.Inwhichsectionofamagazinemaythistextappear?

A.Sport.B.Science.C.Education.D.Health.

c

InChinesecities,fooddeliverymenareoftenseenridingatfullspeedthroughbusytraffic.

Theyrushedfromrestaurantstodifferentdestinations,evenunderbadweatherconditions.

ThearticleTheFoodDeliverymenAreTrappedintheApppointedoutthatonfooddelivery

serviceplatforms,ElemeandMeituan,thetimelimitandtherouteforeachdeliveryorderis

calculatedbyanalgorithm（算法）.Butthealgorithmdoesn'tconsiderreal-lifesituations,such

asredlights,speedlimitsandfullyoccupiedelevators.

Thetimelimitforadeliveryorderwithin2kilometersis30minutes,evenshorterinrecent

years.Delaycouldmeanafine.Sodeliverymenrevup,oftenbreakingtrafficrules,putting

theirownlivesatrisk.

Manypeopleaskedtheplatformstoimprovetheregulationsimposed（强力口）onthe

deliverymen.Inresponsetothisdemand,Elemeannounceditwouldaddabuttontotheapp,

whichallowedcustomerstoextendthetimelimitsfortheirorders,andencouragedcustomers

toshowmorerespectfordeliverymen.Butsomepeoplefeltthatthecompanywasstaying

awayfromtheproblemandchangingpeople'sattention.Someheldtheviewthatthecompany

wasputtingtheresponsibilityonthecustomersratherthansolvingtheproblemitself.

Astodeliverydelays,solutionsarefarfromenough.Asamatteroffact,whenadeliverydelay

happensandthecompanycan'treachanagreementwiththecustomerontheresponsibility,the

deliverymanisusuallythefinaloneresponsibleforthedelay.TheShanghaiCustomerCouncil

commentedthatitwasunfairforthedeliverymantobetheonlysideresponsibleforadelayand

problemsshouldbesolvedbetweenthecompaniesandtheiremployees.Besides,market

regulatorydepartmentsshouldstopcompaniesfromsettingtightschedulesfortheir

deliverymenandkeepthemsafeontheroads.

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedexpression"revup"inParagraph3probablymean?

A.Runaway.B.Speedup.

C.Wanderaround.D.Slowdown.

9.Whoactuallygetstheblameforadeliverydelay?

A.TheCustomerCouncil.B.Thecustomer.

C.Thecompany.D.Thedeliveryman.

10.WhatdidtheShanghaiCustomerCounciladvisemarketregulatorydepartmentstodo?

A.Settightschedulesformoreorders.

B.Solvetheproblemsofdeliverydelayswiththecustomers.

C.Stopcompaniesfromsettingtightschedulesfortheiremployees.

D.Employmoredeliverymenforthedeliverycompanies.

11.What'sthetextmainlyabout?

A.Thecustomers'rightsshouldbeprotected.

B.Fooddeliveryregulationsneedimprovement.

C.Fooddeliverymentakerisksontheirway.

D.Deliveryplatformsearnmorethanbefore.

D

ArizonaStateUniversitymathematicianSebastienMotschandhiscolleagueswantedtoknow

ifantsonthemovecouldalsogetjammedlikehumans.Sotheyconductedanexperimenton

antstoseewhatwouldhappentotheantswhenthereweretoomanyofthematthesametime.

Theycontrolledthedensityoftheantsbyconstructingbridgesofvariouswidthsbetweentheir

colonyandthesourceoffood.Whentheantswentthroughabridge,thedensityofthemdid

increaseinitiallybuttheflowneversloweddown,evenwhenmoreandmoreantsfilledthe

bridge.Andthentheflowleveledoffathighdensities.

Motschandhisteamfoundthatwhentheantssensedovercrowding,theyadjustedtheirspeeds

andavoidedenteringhigh-densityareas.Thesebehaviorsmaybemadewithsomechemicals

thattoldotherantswhereanavailableroadwas.Theantsalsomanagedtoavoidedcolliding

（碰撞）witheachotherathighdensities.

"Thegoalwastotrytofindoutatwhatpointtheyweregoingtohaveatrafficjam.Butit

seemedthatitneverhappened.Theynever,atonepoint,juststopped.Theyalwaysmanagedto

avoidtrafficjams.'1SaidSebastienMotsch.

第4页，共20页

Canantshelpussolveourowntrafficproblems?Notlikely,accordingtoSebastienMotsch.

That'sbecausewhenitcomestogettingfrompointAtopointBasfastaspossible,human

driversputtheirowngoalsfirst.Individualanthastobemorecooperativeinordertofeedthe

colony.Buttheresearchcouldbeusefulinimprovingtrafficflowforautomaticdrivingcars,

whichcanbedesignedtobelesslikeselfishhumans,butmorelikeants.

12.WhydidSebastienMotschandhiscolleaguesdotheexperiment?

A.Tofindouthowantsfoundthesourceoffood.

B.Tofindouthowantsbuilttheircolony.

C.Tofindoutwhetherantshavetrafficjams.

D.Tofindoutwhetherantscommunicatedwitheachother.

13.Howdidtheresearcherscontrolthedensityoftheantsbetweentheircolonyandthe

sourceoffood?

A.Bymakingtrafficjams.

B.Byattractingthemwithdifferentfoods.

C.Bydrivingsomeantsoffthebridges.

D.Byconstructingbridgesofdifferentwidths.

14.Whatdidtheantsprobablydowhentheysensedovercrowding?

A.Theytriedtofindanotherroad.

B.Theyreturnedtotheircolony.

C.Theywereinamess.

D.Theykepttheirspeed.

15.WhydoesSebastienMotschthinkhumansarenotlikelytosolvetrafficproblemslikeants?

A.Becausetheyareselfish.

B.Becausetheyarecooperative.

C.Becausetheyhavenoautomaticdrivingcars.

D.Becausetheytraveltoofast.

二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题，共10.0分)

Anyonecanbookatrip,butnoteveryonecanplanthebestadventurethatisaffordableandfun.

Ifyouwanttodoitbetter,theplacestostayinforthenightsmustbechosencarefully.(1)

Checkdistancesonamap.Itscommonforhotelstoslightlyexaggerate(夸大)theircloseness

toattractionsaroundtown.Theywillnottellyouthetruedistance.Ifbeingclosetoaparticular

airportisimportantforyourtrip,you'dbetterconfirmthedistanceonGoogleMapbeforeyou

bookahotel.

(2)Alittlenicenessgoesalongway,especiallywiththehotelstaffwhohaveto

dealwithdifficultguestsonaregularbasis.Whenyoucheckin,simplysayhellotothe

cleaningstaffwhenyoupasstheminthehall.Thisisnotonlycommonpoliteness,butitalso

increasesyourchancesofgettingincidentalbenefitduringyourstay.

Giveupthepackagedeals(套餐)Toappealtonewguests,somehotelswillofferthemed

packagedeals.(3)Sometimesthesepackagesincludethingsyoudon'twantorneed

andthespecialpricescouldbehigherthantheregularones.

Askaboutparking.(4)You'dbetterlookforahotelofferingfreeparking.Ifyouhave

toaffordtheexpensiveparking,appslikeBestParkingcanhelpyoufindnearbyparkinglotsat

lowerprices.Asparkingcostsreallygoup,ifnotnecessary,wesuggestyoutakeataxiorabus

fromthehoteltotravelaroundthecityratherthantravelinyourowncar.(5)

A.Bepolitetothestaff.

B.Payattentiontodifficultguests.

C.Theyarequitecheapbuttastebad.

D.Inthiswayyoucansavemuchmoney.

E.Inaself-drivingtravel,parkingmaycostalot.

F.Theyareattractivebutmaynotbegoodvalueformoney.

G.Herearesometipsabouthotelsthatwe'dliketosharewithyou.

16.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

第6页，共20页

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大题共20小题，共30.0分)

IliveinahousebuiltbyHabitatforHumanity,anonprofitorganizationthathelpsfamilies

buildhomes.IlwasthroughtheprocessofbuildingmyhousethatIcametobelievethe(1)

ofthestrangerswhoputintheirtimetohelpothers(2).

lamasinglemother,alwaysstrugglingtojuggle(兼顾)homeand(3).1hadmanaged

to(4)forasmalldownpayment(首付)onahouse.Buiverysoontheprice(5)

toanamountthatIcouldn'tafford.Luckily,theopportunityto(6)fora

Habitathomecametomeduringthistime.Aftermonthsofapplicationprocess,myfamilywas

(7)foroneoftheeighteenhomeswhichwouldbe(8)inmycitythatyear!

EachHabitatapplicantmust(9)fourhundredhoursof“buildingtime1'beforehis

familycanmoveintothenew(10).ThesehoursarespentonSaturday(11)

otherhomeowners*houses.BuildingaHabitathousetakes(12)sixteenSaturdays.

Duringthedaysofbuildingmyhouse1(13)manyvolunteers.Theywereallstrangers

tome,whocamefrom(14)walksoflife,includinglawyers,shopkeepers,cleanersand

soon.Mostofthemhadnotrainingandhousebuilding(15),buttheyworked

togetherwell.Whentheframing(框架)ofmyhousewas(16)myfavouriteHabitat

ceremonytookplace.Eachworker(17)amessageonthenewwalls.Livingina

homewiththehandwritteninspirationsfromthe(18)hasalwaysbeenacomforttome.

(19)thedevotionofthestrangers,thesehomeshavebecomepossible.Their

willingnessto(20)oneSaturdayaweekhasmadesuchanincredibledifferenceinso

manylives.

21.A.kindnessB.honestyC.courageD.modesty

22.A.carefullyB.crazilyC.selflesslyD.curiously

23.A.educationB.workC.fashionD.beauty

24.A.requestB.lendC.wasteD.save

25.A.roseB.reactedC.reducedD.led

26.A.waitB.careC.applyD.account

27.A.chosenB.thankedC.takenD.removed

28.A.paintedB.builtC.decoratedD.returned

29.A.waitB.needC.devoteD.collect

30.A.farmB.hutC.cottageD.home

31.A.livingonB.workingonC.callingonD.feedingon

32.A.nearlyB.hardlyC.extremelyD.mainly

33.A.challengedB.organizedC.metD.arranged

34.A.ordinaryB.successfulC.outstandingD.various

35.A.tipsB.desiresC.skillsD.plans

36.A.damagedB.brokenC.selectedD.completed

37.A.wroteB.gotC.sentD.read

38.A.leadersB.artistsC.customersD.volunteers

39.A.ApartfromB.ThankstoC.AccordingtoD.Regardlessof

40.A.gothroughB.giveupC.putoffD.lookfor

四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共15.0分)

41.Itwasreportedthatpeopleinsomecountriesmadehealthiereatingchoicesduringthe

coronaviruscrisis.

Arecentresearchproject(1)(involve)11,000shoppersin11countriesfound

thatpeoplewhowerefacingstay-at-homeorderstriedcookingnewthingsandthey(2)

(throw)awaylessfood.Theresultshowedthatpeoplewerebuyingless

microwaveablefoodbut(3)(many)freshfruitsandvegetables.Beforethe

crisis,peopleturnedtosalty,sweetandfatty(4)(product)whentheyfelt

stressed.Butduringthecrisis,manypeopleseemedtofillthisdesire(5)

home-bakedgoods.InChile,forexample,therewas(6)largedropinsalesof

snacksbutabigriseinsalesofbakingnecessitieslikeflour.

Theresearchalsoshowedthatpeopletookmoretimeto(7)(careful)plan

theirtripstothestores(8)plentyoffreshfoodswereprovided.Manypeoplewho

tookpartinthestudycookednewthingsandusedmoreleftovers(9)(reduce)

waste.Itwassaidthatthisbehavior(10)(link)tothefearsoffoodshortages.

五、短文改错(本大题共1小题，共10.0分)

42.假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文

中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、

删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

第8页，共20页

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

WhenIwasachild,Iwasinterestingineverythingabouttheuniverse.OnedayIspota

pictureofArmstrong,whichwasthefirstastronauttosetfootonthemoon.Inspiredbyhis

story,Imadeuphismindtobecomeanastronautbutdreamedofgoingintoouterspace.

Afterknowmydream,myfatherkeptonencouragingmetofollowbymyheart.Besides,

headvisedmetakeexercisefor60to90minuteadaytokeepfit.Withtheencouragement

andsupportofmyfather,!wasconfidencethatmydreamwouldcometrue.

六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）

43.假定你是李华，为节约资源和保护环境，请代表学生会向全校写一封将垃圾分类的

倡议书。内容包括：

1.垃圾分类的必要性：

2.垃圾分类的做法；

3.提出倡议。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

答案和解析

1.【答案】

【小题1】B【小题2】A【小题3】B

【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据XboxAdaptiveController部分中的

Itcanhelpthosewithlimitedhandandarmmobilityplaygames.（它可以帮助那些手和手臂

活动受限的人玩游戏。）可知发明Xbox自适应控制器是为了帮助那些手和手臂有残疾

的人玩游戏。故选B.

（2）A.细节理解题。根据GravityBlanket部分中的

Thesupercomfortableblankethelpsthosewhoarestressedorcannotfallasleepeasily.（超

级舒适的毯子帮助那些有压力或不能轻易入睡的人。）可知GravityBlanket（重力毯）

是为那些失眠的人设计的，故选A.

（3）B.细节理解题。根据LynQ部分中的

Inpositioning,unlikeasmartphone,aLynQdoesnotneedanyWiFitostayconnected.（在定

位方面，与智能手机不同，LynQ不需要任何WiFi就能保持连接。）可知LynQ不依赖

WiFi连接，这使得它在定位上与智能手机不同，故选B.

本文是一篇广告布告类阅读理解，主要讲的是每年都有许多新发明。这个列表包括了近

年来一些最激动人心的发明。

考查广告布告类阅读理解。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正

确的选择。

4.【答案】

【小题11C【小题2】A【小题3】C【小题4】A

［解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据原文第二段Hebroketherecordofthesoutheastof

PennsylvaniathatChamberlainhadcreatedandmaintainedfor38years,whichmadeJerry

West,theLakersvicepresident,thinkhighlyofhim.他打破了张伯伦在宾夕法尼亚州东南

部创造并保持了38年的记录，这让湖人副总裁杰里•韦斯特对他评价很高。可知他打破

了一个保持了38年的记录从而吸引韦斯特的注意。C.Hebrokethebasketballtotalscore

recordofthesoutheastofPennsylvania.（他打破了宾夕法尼亚州东南部的篮球总得分记录）

第10页，共20页

正确。故选c.

（2）A.细节理解题。根据原文第三段Afterthat,heandhisteamcontinuedtoattainlotsof

remarkableachievements,includingtwoNBAchampionshipsfrom2009to2010.（此后，他

和他的球队继续取得了许多令人瞩目的成就，包括2009年至2010年两次获得NBA总

冠军。）可知是两个。故选A.

（3）C.推理判断题。根据原文最后一段Wewillalwaysrememberhisimmortalwords,nI

knowtheappearanceofLosAngelesatfouro'clockinthemorningeveryday."（我们将永远

记住他那不朽的话语：”我知道洛杉矶每天凌晨四点的样子。可推测科比每天能看到

洛杉矶凌晨四点的样子是因为他起早刻苦训练。C.Kobepracticedveryhardeveryday.（科

比每天都刻苦训练）正确。故选C.

（4）A.文章出处题。通读全文，可知文章介绍了美国NBA传奇球星科比布莱恩特的生

平，以及对他进行缅怀，因此推断文章来自于体育专栏。A.Sport.体育；B.Science.科学；

C.Education.教育;D.Health.健康。故选A.

文章介绍了美国NBA传奇球星科比布莱恩特的生平，以及对他进行缅怀，因此推断文

章来自于体育专栏。

做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相

关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

8.【答案】

【小题1】B【小题2】D【小题3】C【小题4】B

【解析】（1）B.词句猜测题。根据划线词后的部分。ftenbreakingiraffiicrules,puttingiheir

ownlivesatrisk（经常违反交通规则，把自己的生命置于危险之中）可知，“revup”意思

是加速。A.Runaway.逃跑;B.Speedup.力口速;C.Wanderaround.徘徊;D.Slowdown.

减速。故选B.

（2）D.细节理解题。根据最后一段Asamatteroffact,whenadeliverydelayhappensandthe

companycan'treachanagreementwiththecustomerontheresponsibility,thedeliverymanis

usuallythefinaloneresponsibleforthedelay.（事实上，当发生延迟交货而公司又不能与

客户就责任达成一致时，对延迟交货负责的通常是送货员。）可知因为送外卖延迟，事

实上惩罚责备的是送外卖的人。A.TheCustomerCouncil.客户委员会；B.Thecustomer.

顾客；C.Thecompany.公司；D.Thedeliveryman.送货的人。故选D.

（3）C.细节理解题。根据最后一段Besides,marketregulatorydepartmentsshouldstop

companiesfromsettingtightschedulesfortheirdeliverymenandkeepthemsafeontheroads

（另外，市场监管部门应该阻止公司们给员工制定严格的安排，让他们保持路上的安全）

可知，上海市消费者权益保护委员会建议市场监管部门阻止公司为员工安排紧密的日程

安排。C.Slopcompaniesfromsettingtightschedulesfortheiremployees.（不要让公司给员

工安排太紧的时间表）正确。故选C.

（4）B.主旨大意题。根据最后-一段Besides,marketregulatorydepartmentsshouldstop

companiesfromsettingtightschedulesfortheirdeliverymenandkeepthemsafeontheroads.

（此外，市场监管部门应阻止企业为快递员设置紧张的时间安排，确保他们在道路上的

安全）并结合全文内容，可知文章首段提出了中国城市外卖小哥们不顾路上危险违章全

速送外卖的现象，引出市场监管部门应该监督公司改善规则的话题，所以文章主要讲述

了食物运送的规章需要被改善。因此B.Fooddeliveryregulationsneedimprovement.（食

品配送法规需要改进）正确。故选B.

本文是说明文。文章讲述了目前外卖平台计算的运送时间没有考虑到红绿灯、车速和等

电梯的因素，因此外卖规章需要被改善。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有

据。

12.【答案】

【小题1】C【小题2】D【小题3】A【小题4】A

【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据第一段第一句‘ArizonaStateUniversitymathematician

SebastienMotschandhiscolleagueswantedtoknowifantsonthemovecouldalsoget

jammedlikehumans."（亚利桑那州立大学数学家SebastienMotsch和他的同事们想知道

移动中的蚂蚁是否也会像人类一样交通拥堵。）可知，SebastienMotsch和他的同事们

是为了发现蚂蚁是否有交通堵塞。故选C.

（2）D.细节理解题。根据第二段第一句"Theycontrolledthedensityoftheantsby

constructingbridgesofvariouswidthsbetweentheircolonyandthesourceoffood."（他们

通过在蚁群和食物来源之间建造不同宽度的桥梁来控制蚂蚁的密度•）可知，研究人员

是通过建造不同宽度的桥梁来控制蚂蚁群体和食物来源之间的密度的。故选D.

（3）A.细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话"Motschandhisteamfoundthatwhentheants

sensedovercrowding,theyadjustedtheirspeedsandavoidedenteringhigh-densityareas."

第12页，共20页

（Motsch和他的团队发现，当蚂蚁感觉到过度拥挤时，它们会调整速度，避免进入高

密度区域）可知，当蚂蚁感觉到过度拥挤时，它们会避免进入高密度区域，从而调整路

线，找到另一个区域。故选A.

（4）A.推理判断题。根据最后一段第三句"That'sbecausewhenitcomestogettingfrom

pointAtopointBasfastaspossible,humandriversputtheirowngoalsfirst."（这是因为，

当需要尽快从A点到达B点时，人类司机把自己的目标放在第一位。）可知，人类司

机只会顾及自己的目标，由此判断出人类是自私的。故选A.

这是一篇说明文。讲述了科学家对移动中的蚂蚁是否也会像人类一样交通拥堵进行的研

究实验。证明蚁群可以避开交通堵塞。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑

关系，对未说明的趋势或结局做出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章

未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作

者观点。

16.【答案】

【小题1】G【小题2】A【小题3】F【小题4】E【小题5】D

【解析】（1）G.推理判断题.根据上文

"Ifyouwanttodoitbetter,theplacestostayinforthenightsmustbechosencarefully.（如果

你想做的更好些，就必需细心挑选夜晚要入住的地方。）”以及下文每一段开头说的都

是一些入住酒店时要注意的事项，与选项G中的“hotels酒店和"tips建议"相一致，G选

项”这里有一些关于酒店的建议，我们想和你分享”总起下文。故选G.

（2）A,推理判断题。根据下文"Alittlenicenessgoesalongway,especiallywiththehotel

staffwhohavetodealwithdifficultguestsonaregularbasis.（一点点的友善会有很大的帮

助，尤其是对于那些不得不经常与难缠的客人打交道的酒店员工来说。）"句中的

"alittleniceness和staff"与选项A中的"Bepolite和thehotelstaff"相一致,符合语境意思。

故选A.

（3）F.推理判断题。结合该段首句"Giveupthepackagedeals（放弃一些套餐）"及最

后一句

Sometimesthesepackagesincludethingsyoudon'twantorneedandthespecialpricescould

behigherthantheregularones.有时这些包裹里有你不想要或不需要的东西，而且特别的

价格可能比普通的要高。"可知，此处的意思是套餐很诱人，但是钱花的不值"，而且F

项中的"hey'指代前文的"packagedeals",符合语境。故选F.

（4）E.细节理解题。根据结合下文"You'dbetterlookforahotelofferingfreeparking.（你

最好找一家提供免费停车的酒店）”可知，本段谈论的是关于开自驾车旅游时的停车费

用,E项中指出"Inaself-drivingtravel,parkingmaycostalot.（自驾游时，你可能花很高

的停车费用）”，其关键词"parking”与本段内容一致，符合语境。故选E.

（5）D.推理判断题。根据结合上文

"Asparkingcostsreallygoup,ifnotnecessary,wesuggestyoutakeataxiorabusfromthe

hoteltotravelaroundthecityratherthantravelinyourowncar.（由于停车费上升，如果没

必要，我们建议你入住酒店后，打出租车或坐公交车去环城游玩，而不是开自家车）’

可知，作者这样建议的目的是为了让你省下很多停车费，所以

"D.Inthiswayyoucansavemuchmoney.这样你可以省很多钱。"符合语境。故选D.

本文是说明文。为了让你的出门旅行时花更少的钱而玩得开心，文章从入住酒店与停车

费用等四个方面提供了有用的建议。

技巧

①通读全文，了解文章大意；

②细读五个选项，找出和文章相对应的关键词，分析选项间的逻辑关系；

③根据文章整体结构、具体内容，结合关键词，选出最佳选项；

④将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点查看逻辑关系和关联结构是否合理。

21.【答案】

【小题11A【小题2】C【小题3】B【小题4】D【小题5JA

【小题6】C【小题7】A【小题8】B【小题9】C【小题101D

【小题11】B【小题121A【小题131C【小题14]D【小题15】C

【小题16]D【小题171A【小题18]D【小题191B【小题20】B

【解析】（1）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.kindness善良，好意;B.honesty诚实；C.courage

勇气；D.modesty谦逊。根据上文"…helpsfamiliesbuildhomes"可知，那些人好心地帮

助别人建房子。故选A项。

（2）C.考查副词及语境理解。A.carefully细心地；B.crazily疯狂地；C.selflessly无

私地；D.curiously好奇地。根据前文"whoputintheirtimetohelpothers…"可知，这些陌

生人花时间帮别人建房子，是无私地帮助别人。故选C项。

第14页，共20页

(3)B.考查名词及语境理解。A.education教育；B.work工作；C.fashion时尚；D.beauty

美丽。根据下文"Ihadmanagedto(4)forasmalldownpayment(首付)onahouse.',

可知，作为单身母亲，既要照顾家庭，又要工作挣钱。故选B项。

(4)D.考查动词及语境理解。A.request请求；B.lend借出；C.waste浪费;D.save

储蓄，节省。根据"asmalldownpayment(首付)onahouse”可知，作者要攒钱付首付。

故选D项。

(5)A.考查动词及语境理解。A.rose上升；B.reacted反应；C.reduced减少;D.led

带领。根据"Icouldntafford”，作者努力攒钱，但是还是负担不起。由此可知，房子价

格不断上涨。故选A项。

(6)C.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.waitfor等待；B.carefor关心，关爱；C.applyfor

申请；D.accountfor解释,说明。根据下文"Aftermonthsofapplicationprocess'1可知,

作者申请了仁爱之家的房子。故