新教材2023年高考英语总复习考案7周测综合能力检测五

考案(七)周测综合能力检测五第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．WhatisHenry'snationality？_C__A．French. B．Canadian.C．Australian.2．Howdidthewomanfeelafteraswimintheocean？_A__A．Cold. B．Frightened.C．Excited.3.Whatisthemandoing？_B__A．Offeringadvice.B．Givinganinvitation.C．Askingforpermission.4．Howdoesthemanpay？_A__A．Incash. B．Bycheck.C．Bycreditcard.5．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace？_B__A．Atamusichall. B．Atarestaurant.C．Atastore.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers？_C__A．Tourguideandtraveler.B．Newsreporterandlistener.C．Flightattendantandpassenger.7．Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo？_B__A．Waitforher. B．Filloutaform.C．Knowaboutthecity.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8．Whatdidthetwogoldfishliketodo？_A__A．Jumpoutofwater.B．Watchpeopledothedishes.C．Stayinthefishtankquietly.9．Whatdidthewomandothenextday？_B__A．Sheputbothofthefishintothesink.B．Shecoveredthefishtankwithalid.C．Shemovedthetankoutofthekitchen.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10．Howlonghasthemanworkedforhiscompany？_C__A．4years. B．19years.C．25years.11．Whatindustryisthemanworkingin？_B__A．Tourism. B．Energy.C．Engineering.12．Howhastheman'scompanyinfluencedPennsylvania?_C__A．Ithaschangedpeople'slifestyle.B．Ithasharmedtheenvironment.C．Ithasbroughtchancesofjobs.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13．WhereisEssex？_C__A．IntheeastofEngland.B．InthenortheastofEngland.C．InthesoutheastofEngland.14．WhatdoesthemanthinkofBrentwood？_B__A．Ancient. B．Pleasant.C．Inconvenient.15．WhathascloseddowninBrentwood？_A__A．Acinema.B．Ahealthcenter.C．Ashoppingcenter.16．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout？_A__A．Theman'shometown.B．SomecitiesinEngland.C．ThelivingconditionsofLondon.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．WhatwilltheweatherbelikethisSaturday？_B__A．Windy. B．Sunny.C．Rainy.18．WhatwillthehightemperaturebethisSaturday？_A__A．28℃. B．20℃.C．16℃.19．Whenwilltheweatherbecloudyinthemorning？_A__A．ThisSunday. B．NextMonday.C．NextWednesday.20．WhatdoesthespeakerremindthelistenersoutintheirboatstodothisSundayafternoon？_C__A．Putonmoreclothes. B．Taketheirsunscreen.C．Followtheweatherreport.听力原文：Text1M：WheredoesHenrycomefrom?W：HewasborninFranceandgrewupinCanada,butnowheisacitizenofAustralia.Text2M：DidyouenjoyyourtriptoAlaskayesterday?W：Yes,butItrembledforhalfanhourafterIswaminthewater.M：That'sfreezing!Text3M：Areyoufreetojoinusfordinnertomorrow?W：Youareinvitingmetoyourhouse?M：Sure.Text4W：OK.Areturntickettotheairportisfourteenpoundsfifty.M：Wow！CanIpaybycheck?W：Sorry.Cashorcreditcard.M：Ohno...Oh,onemoment.MaybeIhaveenoughleft.OK.Hereyouare.Text5W：It'sverynice.Ihateitwhenthereisloudmusic.Er,whatwouldyoulike?M：Wehaven'tlookedatthemenuyet.Couldwehavesomethingtodrinkfirst?Text6W：Welcometoourflight！We'llarriveatLondonAirportinanhour.MayIhaveyourname,please?M：JohnThomson.Isthereanythingwrong?W：Don'tworry,sir.Everythingisallright.Couldyoupleasefilloutthisformbeforetheplanelands？Youwillusethatintheairportbeforeyouenterthecity.M：OK.Couldyouwaitforafewseconds?W：Sure，Iwillcomebacktogetitlater.Pleasetakeyourtime.Text7W：DidIevertellyouaboutthetimeIkeptloadsoffish?M：No,Idon'tthinkso.W：Well,Ihadsomegoldfish.Andtheylivedinafishtankabovethekitchensink.Butthesetwofishwerereallyactive—theylovedtojumpintheair,especiallywhensomeonewasdoingthedishes.M：Noway!W：Seriously！Thenextday,Iputalidacrossthetopofthetank.ThenIwentonabusinesstripforacoupleofdays.WhenIcameback,Iranintothekitchenandsawthetankwasempty.M：Oh,no!W：Thefishhadjumpedoutofthetank！Theywerelyinginthesink!Fortunately,therewassomewaterinit!Text8W：Howlonghaveyouworkedforyourcompany?M：Fortwenty-fiveyears.SinceIleftcollege.W：So,whendidyoustudyengineering?M：IstartedcollegewhenIwasnineteenandIqualifiedasanengineeraboutfouryearslater.W：AndhaveyoualwayslivedinPennsylvania?M：No.I'velivedinlotsofdifferentplaces.Intheenergybusiness,youlivewheretheworkis.W：Havethelocalpeoplebeenfriendly?M：Yes,theyhave.Well,mostpeopleanyway.W：Ah,butnoteveryone?M：Somepeopledidn'twantushereinthebeginningbecausetheywereworriedabouttheenvironment.Butthechangeshavebeengoodforthisplace.It'sbroughtjobsbacktoPennsylvania.SoIthinkmostpeoplehaveunderstoodhowimportantthisis...Text9W：Hello!Canyouintroduceyourselfplease?M：Sure,mynameisStevenPattersonandI'mfromatowncalledBrentwoodinEssex.W：Essex？IsthatinthenortheastofEngland?M：No,that'sinthesoutheast,justnexttoLondon.W：Well,whatkindofplaceisyourtownwhereyougrewup?M：Um，it'sactuallyaverynicetown.PeopleoftenmoveintoBrentwoodfromthesurroundingtowns,orfromtheeastendofLondon.It'sapleasantplacetolive.There'saverylargecountrypark.W：WhenIthinkofasmallBritishvillage,youknow,Ithinkofreallyoldhouses,andnothing'schanged,sodoyouhavemodernthings,likedoyouhaveahealthcluboramovietheaterorthingslikethat.M：Uh,IthinkthecinemainBrentwoodhascloseddown,withthearrivalofout-of-townshoppingcenters.TheyalwayshavetheircinemaswithsixoreightscreensandthecinemainBrentwoodonlyhadtwoscreens.However,yeah,ithasaverynicehealthcenterandasIsaidlotsofparks.Text10ThisisMeteorologistTedBankswithyourweekendweather.Well,itlooksliketherainwe'vebeenhavingthepastfewdaysfinallystopsintimeforagreatSaturdayandSunday.Thetemperaturetoday,Friday,reachedahighof28degreesCelsius.Tonightwe'llhavewindsfromthenorthandthelowtemperaturewillbeabout16degreesCelsius.Tomorrow,Saturday,thehighandlowtemperaturewillbeaboutthesameastoday.OnSundaywecanexpectafewhighcloudsinthemorningbutlotsofsunshinefortherestoftheday.TheforecastforthenextsevendayslooksprettygooduntilWednesday,whenweexpectasharpdropintemperature,withthehighonlyreaching20degreesCelsius.Sodon'tforgettoputonmoreclothes.ThefrontthathasbeensettingoverCanadaforthreedayswilltravelsouthandwecanexpectmorerainyweatherduringthelatepartoftheweek.Forthoseofyouplanningtogoboatingorfishingonthelakethisweekend,youshouldhaveverygoodweatheruntillateonSundayafternoon,whenthewindisexpectedtoincrease.Soifyou'reoutinyourboatonSunday,pleasepayattentiontotheweatherforecastjustincaseyouneedtoreturntoland.We'llbebackwiththelatestupdateontheweatherat900a．m.tomorrowandagainat500p．m.Haveagoodweekend,everybody,andifyou'reoutinthesun,don'tforgetyoursunscreen.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A(2023·日照市校际联合考试)Areyoulookingforaskiorsnowboardingmusicfestival？Therearemanyworld-classevents,fromdancefestivalstocomedyshows.Hereareourbestskifestivals.TomorrowlandWinterAlped'Huez,FranceMarch19－26,2022TomorrowlandWinteristhewintereditionofthelegendarydancefestival,bringingTomorrowland'ssetdesignandepicline-up(阵容)tothetownofAlped'Huezforawholeweek.Thespotliesinasunnyhighland,givingabreathtakingsparkletoitsvarietyofslopesthataresuitableforbeginners,expertsandeveryoneinbetween.SnowboxxAvoriaz,FranceMarch19－26,2022Snowboxxisaweek-longmusicfestivalandsnowholidayrolledintooneintheFrenchresortofAvoriaz.Previousartistswhohaveperformedonthefestival'svariousstagesaroundtheslopeshaveincludedthelikesofCraigDavid'sTS5,FatboySlimandmore.Butit'snotjusttheline-upthatmakesSnowboxxoneofthemostpopularwintermusicfestivals.Theskiingmeetsthedemandsofbeginnersandexpertsalike,withplentyofeasyslopesandmorechallengingonestodiscover.AltitudeComedyFestivalMayrhofen,AustriaMarch28,2022－April2,2022AltitudeComedyFestivalistheworld'sNo.1alpine(高山的)comedyfestival,createdin2007bycomediansAndrewMaxwellandMarcusBrigstocke.TakingplaceatoneofEurope'smostbeautifulandbest-lovedskispots,theorganizerswelcomecomedyfansandloversofwintersportstojointhemand“skiallday,laughallnight”．SnowdazeCandanchu,SpainMarch18－19,2022Afterthefirstimpressiveperformance,SpanishsnowsportsandelectronicmusicfestivalSnowdazereturnstothePyreneesforasecondeditioninCandanchu.Acrosstheweekend,musicloverswillonceagainbetakentotheslopesbyday,exploringthebestthattheAragonesePyreneeshavetooffer,beforegoingdownhillasnightfallsandbeingpartytothesoundofaline-upofDJs.语篇导读：本文是关于四个滑雪节的介绍。21．Whichfestivalissuitablefortouristsinterestedindancing？_A__A．TomorrowlandWinter. B．Snowboxx.C．AltitudeComedyFestival. D．Snowdaze.解析：细节理解题。根据TomorrowlandWinter部分的“TomorrowlandWinteristhewintereditionofthelegendarydancefestival...awholeweek.”可知，TomorrowlandWinter是传奇舞蹈节的冬季版，把Tomorrowland的场景设计和史诗级阵容带到Alped'Huez小镇整整一周。由此可知，TomorrowlandWinter适合对舞蹈感兴趣的游客。故选A。22．WhatdoTomorrowlandWinterandSnowboxxhaveincommon？_C__A．Bothfeaturecomedyshows.B．Bothareheldinthesametown.C．Bothhaveslopesforallskiers.D．BothinviteAndrewMaxwelltoperformcomedies.解析：推理判断题。根据TomorrowlandWinter部分的“Thespotlies...itsvarietyofslopesthataresuitableforbeginners,expertsandeveryoneinbetween.”可知，这个景点位于阳光明媚的高地上，各种各样的斜坡亮光闪闪，令人惊叹，适合初学者、专家和介于两者之间的所有人，由此可知，该滑雪景点有适合各种人的斜坡；再根据Snowboxx部分的“Theskiingmeetsthedemandsofbeginnersandexpertsalike...onestodiscover.”可知，滑雪满足了初学者和专家的要求，有很多容易的斜坡和更有挑战性的斜坡，由此可知，该滑雪景点也有很多适合不同人的斜坡。故TomorrowlandWinter和Snowboxx的共同之处是都有适合所有滑雪者的斜坡。故选C。23．WhatdoweknowaboutSnowdaze？_C__A．ItisheldinFrance.B．Itwilllastforaweek.C．Itappealstoelectronicmusiclovers.D．ItstartswiththeperformanceofDJs.解析：推理判断题。根据Snowdaze部分的“Afterthefirst...editioninCandanchu.”可知，在第一次令人印象深刻的表演之后，西班牙雪上运动和电子音乐节Snowdaze再次回到比利牛斯山，在坎丹丘举办第二届活动。由此可知，Snowdaze因举办电子音乐节而吸引电子音乐爱好者。故选C。B(2023·青岛市质检)EveryyearonApril22,EarthDaymarkstheanniversaryofthebirthofthemodernenvironmentalmovementin1970.Itgivesavoicetoemergingpublicconsciousnessaboutthestateofourplanet.ThefounderisGaylordNelson.WhatmovedGaylordNelsontoactionwasthe1969SantaBarbaraoilspill(溢出)inSouthernCalifornia,thelargestoilspillintheUnitedStatesatthattime.Thespillprovedtobeanenvironmentalnightmareasithadastrongimpactonmarinelife,killinganestimated3,500seabirds,aswellasmarineanimalssuchasdolphins,elephantsealsandsealions.Inspiredbythestudentantiwarmovementatthatperiodoftime,Nelsonfounditwastherighttimetochanneltheenergyofthestudentstowardsafightforenvironmentalprotection.HedecidedthatitwastimetoeducatetheAmericansontheneedtoprotecttheenvironment.Thus,EarthDaywasbornin1970,andpublicenvironmentalconsciousnesstookcentrestage.On22ndApril1970,millionsofAmericanstooktothestreetstodemonstrateforahealthy,sustainableenvironmentandthousandsofstudentsmarchedinprotestattheterriblesituationoftheenvironment.Businesseswereforcedtofollowenvironmentalstandardsiftheywantedtocontinuetheiroperations.Theyear1990sawEarthDayreachouttomanymorecountriesaroundtheworld.Ithelpedpavethewayforthe1992UnitedNationsEarthSummitinRiodeJaneiro,bringingtogethermanynations,forajointefforttowardsprotectingtheenvironment.In2009,theUnitedNationsdecidedtoofficiallysetApril22asEarthDay.ForhisroleasthefounderofEarthDay,GaylordNelsonwasawardedthePresidentialMedalofFreedom(1995),thehighesthonourgiventociviliansintheUnitedStates.Wehonourtheman,asthefightforacleanerenvironmentcontinues.语篇导读：本文主要介绍了世界地球日的创立以及它带来的积极影响。24．WhatcanwelearnaboutEarthDay？_D__A．Itwasfoundedattheendof1970s.B．ItwasfirstcelebratedinRiodeJaneiro.C．Peoplewillmarchonthestreetsonthisday.D．Itarousespublicenvironmentalawareness.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Inspiredbythestudentantiwarmovement...tookcentrestage.”可知，Nelson受到那个时期学生反战运动的启发，创立地球日，使美国公众的环保意识成为大家关注的焦点。故地球日唤起了公众的环保意识。故选D。25．WhatdidGaylordNelsondotomakeEarthDaypossible？_D__A．Hereducedthelossoftheoilspill.B．Heparticipatedinanantiwarmovement.C．Hesetenvironmentalstandardsforbusinesses.D．Heinvolvedmorepeopleinenvironmentalissues.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Inspiredbythestudentantiwarmovement...forenvironmentalprotection.”并结合第三段中的“On22ndApril1970...tocontinuetheiroperations.”可知，Nelson受到那个时期学生反战运动的启发，动用学生的力量去教育美国民众保护环境。结果数百万的美国人走上街头，数以千计的学生举行游行，呼吁创造一个健康、可持续的环境。由此可知，Nelson使更多的人参与了环境保护，这最终促使“地球日”成了可能。故选D。26．Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout？_B__A．ThefocusofEarthDay.B．ThedevelopmentofEarthDay.C．Theworld'sconcernfortheenvironment.D．Thejointeffortsofdifferentcountries.解析：主旨大意题。根据第三段的内容可知，1970年美国民众上街游行，环保意识深入美国民众内心；1990年“地球日”传到世界更多国家；1992年各国联合开展环境保护峰会；2009年美国正式确定4月22日为地球日。故本段主要讲述地球日的发展。故选B。27．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesGaylordNelson?_B__A．Intelligent. B．Responsible.C．Considerate. D．Knowledgeable.解析：推理判断题。当Nelson看到石油泄漏对海洋生物造成的破坏时，他就采取了行动。这说明他是一位具有家国情怀的、有责任心的人。A项“聪明的”；C项“考虑周到的，体贴的”；D项“知识渊博的”。故选B。C(2023·广西联盟校第一次统检)Pinocchiomaybejustachildren'sstory,butSpanishscientistsattheUniversityofGranadarecentlyinvestigatedtheso-called“Pinocchioeffect”andfoundthatournosesdon'tgrowlongerwhenwetellalie,butactuallygetalittlebitsmaller.Dr.GomezMilanandhisteamdevelopedaliedetectortestthatusedthermal(热成像的)camerastotellifpeoplewerelying,andfoundthatwheneverparticipantsintheirresearchwerebeinguntruthful,thetemperatureoftheirnosedroppedupto1.2℃，whilethetemperatureoftheirforeheadincreasedupto1.5℃.Theyalsofoundthatdropintemperatureatnoselevelactuallycausedittobecomeslightlysmaller,althoughthedifferencecouldnotbeseenbythehumaneye.“Onehastothinkinordertolie,whichraisesthetemperatureoftheforehead，”Dr.GomezMilanexplainedthefindings.“Atthesametimewefeelanxious,whichlowersthetemperatureofthenose.”Forthisstudy,researchersaskedanumberof60studentstoperformvarioustaskswhilebeingscannedbythermalcameras.Oneofthesetasksinvolvedmakinga3-to-4-minutecalltotheirparents,partnersorfriendsandtellinganimportantlie.Participantshadtomakeuptheliethemselvesduringthecall,andthethermalcameraspickedupthis“oppositePinocchioeffect”causedbythechangesintemperatureinthenoseandforehead.Interestingly,thethermalliedetectorpickedupthetemperaturedifferencein80percentoftestparticipants,whichisabetterrateofsuccessthanthatofanymodernliedetectorusedbythepolice.“Withthismethodwehaveincreasedaccuracyandreducedthechancesof‘falsepositives’，somethingthatisfrequentwithothermethods，”saidDr.GomezMilan,whoaddedthatpolicecouldonedaycombineotherliedetectiontechnologywiththeirtechnologytoachievebetterresults.语篇导读：本文主要讲述了一项研究发现，说谎不会让人鼻子变大，反而会让其变小。28．Whydidthetemperatureoftheparticipants'foreheadsgoupduringthetest？_B__A．Theyfeltashamed.B．Theyhadtothinkhard.C．Theywerescared.D．Theygotembarrassed.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Onehastothinkinordertolie,whichraisesthetemperatureoftheforehead”可知，一个人在撒谎的时候需要费力思考，这会让他额头的温度上升。故选B。29．Whatphenomenondoesthe“oppositePinocchioeffect”referto？_A__A．Thenosebecomessmaller.B．Thenosegetslonger.C．Thetemperaturegetshigher.D．Thetemperatureremainsthesame.解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“theso-called‘Pinocchioeffect’andfoundthatournosesdon'tgrowlongerwhenwetellalie,butactuallygetalittlebitsmaller”和常识可以推断，“反向匹诺曹效应”指的是说谎者的鼻子会变小。故选A。30．Whatcanwelearnabouttheresearch？_A__A．Thethermalliedetectormayassistthepolice.B．Thethermalliedetectorhasprovenapopularone.C．Researchersconductedthestudybyinterviewing.D．Researchersdesigneddifferentliesforparticipants.解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中研究人员Dr.GomezMilan所说的话“policecouldonedaycombineotherliedetectiontechnologywiththeirtechnologytoachievebetterresults”可知，热成像测谎仪可用于协助警方。故选A。31．Whichmightbethebesttitleforthetext？_C__A．WillLieDetectorsTelltheTruth?B．WillThermalTechnologyBeReliable?C．WillLyingMakeYourNoseLonger?D．WillLyingMakeYourTemperatureRise?解析：标题归纳题。本文是一篇研究报告。根据研究结果，即第一段中的“foundthatournosesdon'tgrowlongerwhenwetellalie,butactuallygetalittlebitsmaller”并结合下文可知，本文主要针对“反向匹诺曹效应”进行了实验验证并得出了结论，故C项“说谎会让鼻子变长吗？”既说明了文章大意，又能引起读者的阅读兴趣，适合作本文的标题。故选C。D(2023·广东省六校第一次联考)EveryyearthousandsofpeoplecometothecityofPamplona,innorth-easternSpain,fortheopportunitytorunfortheirlivesassixfightingbullsarereleasedtochargethroughthetown.Thereareinjuriesanddeathseveryyear,buttheeventisofinteresttomanypeople.ApaperjustpublishedinSciencedescribestheinsighttheeventoffersintothepsychologyofpanickedcrowds.Thatisausefultopictoexplore.Architects,civilengineersandurbanplannersmusttrytoworkouthowpeoplewillbehaveintheeventofadisasterlikeafire，afloodoraterroristattacksotheycandesigntheircreationstoavoidpotentiallydeadlycollisions(碰撞)．Unfortunately,solidinformationishardtocomeby.DanielParisi,thepaper'sleadauthor,realizedthatthePamplonabullrunningofferedtheperfectnaturalexperiment.DrParisiandhisteamwenttotwodifferentrooftoplocationsinPamplonainJuly2019,andfilmedtherunnersastheanimalswerereleased.Laterinthelab,theycalculatedthespeedoftherunners,thedensity(密度)ofthecrowd,theprobabilityofarunnertrippingandfallingandtherelationshipbetweenrunner-groupdensityandspeed.Perhapsunsurprisingly,theresearchersfoundthatrunnerspickedupspeedwhenthebullsdrewnear.Lessexpectedwasthefindingthatthespeedofindividualrunnersincreasedwiththedensityofthecrowd,whichwascontrarytoalong-heldassumptioninarchitecturalandurban-designcirclesthatpeoplewillslowtheirpaceasgroupdensitygoesup,inordertolowertheriskofacollision,whichcouldleadtoafalland,perhaps,injuryordeath.Yetitseemsthat,intheheatofthemoment,peoplepaylittleattentiontothedangerofcollidingwitheachother,anddonotslowdown.Theresponsibilitythereforefallsuponurbandesignerstoworkouthowbesttoplantheconstructionoffuturetunnels,bridgesandotherpassagesthatrestrictflow.Theonlyoptionmaywellbetomakethembroadenough.语篇导读：DanielParisi将西班牙潘普洛纳的奔牛节活动当作自然实验场景，观察人们在危险中是如何表现的，以启示建筑设计师。32．WhatdidDrParisiandhisteamdoinPamplona？_A__A．Theyrecordedbullrunning.B．Theyprovedtheirtheory.C．Theywatchedathrillingbullfight.D．Theydesignedapsychologicalexperiment.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“DrParisiandhisteam...theanimalswerereleased.”可知，2019年7月，Parisi博士和他的团队前往潘普洛纳的两个不同的屋顶地点，拍摄了动物被放生时的跑步者。由此可知，Parisi博士和他的团队记录了奔牛活动。故选A。33．Whatwastheunexpectedfindinginthestudy？_D__A．Peoplesloweddownincrowdedareas.B．Collisionsposedadangertobull-runners.C．Bullscomingnearmadepeoplerunfaster.D．Peopletendedtospeedupinhigh-densitycrowds.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Lessexpectedwasthefindingthatthespeedofindividualrunnersincreasedwiththedensityofthecrowd”可知，令人想不到的是，研究发现，跑步者的速度随着人群密度的增加而增加。由此可知，研究中让人意外的发现是在高密度人群中，人们往往会加速。故选D。34．Whatisimpliedinthelastparagraph？_B__A．Peoplelosetheirmindindisasters.B．Futuretunnelsandbridgesmaybewider.C．Panickedcrowdsareawareofthedangerofcollisions.D．Restrictingflowhelpstopreventpeoplecollidingwitheachother.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Theresponsibilitytherefore...makethembroadenough.”可知，城市设计师的责任在于研究如何最好地规划未来隧道、桥梁和其他限制流量的通道的建设，唯一的选择可能是使它们变得足够宽。由此可推知，未来的隧道和桥梁很可能会更宽。故选B。35．Whichisthebesttitleforthetext？_D__A．HowthecrowdsreacttopanicB．BullrunningcatchesoninSpainC．DrParisi'sfindingshockstheworldD．Whatarchitectscanlearnfrombullrunning解析：标题归纳题。浏览全文，尤其是文章第一段和最后一段的内容可知，本文通过奔牛节活动来引出话题，并将此作为观察人们在危险中如何表现的自然实验场景，以便在城市建筑设计师规划未来隧道、桥梁和其他限制流量的通道时给出启示。故选D。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Surpriseistheerrorsignalourbrainsproducewhensomethingunexpectedhappens.Itisadopamine(多巴胺)trigger,producingtheneurotransmitter(神经递质)thatdrivesattentionandmotivation.36.FItmakesusstop,notice,andlearn.InhisbookThePowerofSurprise,Rousellpresentshisfindingfromdecadesofhisresearch：37.GTheyformourself-concept.38.ESamanthafelthershynesswasaweakness,untilherswimcoachsurprisedherbynaminghercaptain.Hesaid，“Shemaybequiet,butwhenthisgirlsayssomething,you'regoingtowanttolisten.”Thesurpriseleftherfeelingquietlypowerful.Thechangeinherbeliefsandbehaviorswasinstantandlasting.Notallsurprisingmomentsarecreatedequal.Rousellillustratessomeresearch-backedstepstousesurprisewell.Spotself-criticismyou'dliketohelpsomeonerevise.Forexample,perhapsyourstudentseeshimselfasaslowlearner,oryouremployeebelieveshelackscreativity.39.CMaybethestudentwhothinkshelearnsslowlyisalsoverythorough.Theemployeewhothinkshelackscreativityishighlylogical.Makeyourmessagequickandtothepoint.Themoreyoudelayonthetopicordressitupasflowerypraise,thelesssurprisingitwillbe.40.DA．Pointouthisweakness.B．Itwasanessentialadaptationforhumans.C．Identifytheoppositesideofthesamecoin.D．Also,itwillmakelessdifferencetoone'smind.E．Hereisanexampletheauthorsharesinhisbook.F．Toputitsimply,surpriseisabigdealtoourbrains.G．Surprisebringstheexperiencesshapingwhowebelieveweare.语篇导读：本文是说明文。介绍了惊讶的力量。解析：36．根据空前内容可知，空前讲述了惊讶的基本信息。空后讲了惊讶对我们的作用。由此可知，空处应承上启下，介绍惊讶与我们有关的基本信息。故选F。37．根据空前的“Inhisbook...ofhisresearch”可知，在他的书中，Rousell介绍了他几十年来的研究发现。由此可知，空处应说明研究发现具体是什么，G选项“惊讶带来的体验塑造了我们所认为的自己。”承接上文，且空后的They指代G项中的experiences。故选G。38．本空为该段主旨句。根据空后内容可知，Samantha觉得害羞是她的弱点，直到她的游泳教练任命她为队长，这让她大吃一惊。教练的话让她觉得自己很强大。她的信念和行为发生了立刻而持久的变化。由此可知，这是列举的一个具体例子，故E项“下面是作者在他的书中分享的一个例子。”符合语境。故选E。39．根据空前内容可知，学生也许认为自己学习很慢，员工也许认为自己缺乏创造力。根据空后内容可知，认为自己学得慢的学生也是很仔细周到的；认为自己缺乏创造力的员工是很有逻辑的。由此可知，我们要看到一件事情的另一面，C项承上启下，符合语境。故选C。40．根据空前的“Themoreyou...lesssurprisingitwillbe.”可知，你在这个话题上越拖延，或者把它装扮成华丽的赞美，它就越不令人惊讶。故D项“而且，它对一个人的思想影响较小。”符合语境。故选D。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。(2023·青岛市期初调测)AmyJandrisevitsknowsthevalueofagooddoll.“Dollshave41.Awedon'tcompletelyunderstand，”shesaid.It'sa(n)42.Bshegotwhileshewasworkingasasocialworkerusingdollstohelpyoungkids43.Btheirchangingmedicalsituations.Sevenyearsago，a44.Dsaidthatherchildwasinvolvedinacaraccident,leavingascar(伤疤)onhisface.Jandrisevitsknewwhatmighthelptheyouththroughthis45.Bperiod.“It's46.Dtotellakid,‘Youareperfectinthewayyouare.’andtobuild47.Athatway，”shesays.Jandrisevitswentabout48.Dthat.Shemadeadollbyhandthatlookedlikeherfriend'schildandsentitoff.Afterthefriend49.Daphotoonlineofthehappychildanddoll,anotherwomanaskedJandrisevitstomakeadollforherbaby,whowasmissingaleg.Word50.CandsoonJandrisevitswasmakingdollsforchildrenwithbirthmarksorfacialdeformities(畸形),fromphotossentbyparents.She51.Bherpreviousjobandstartedanonprofitorganization，ADollLikeMe.Shehasn't52.Aforadollsinceshebeganhernonprofitorganization.Inallshe'smademorethan400dolls.ThewaitinglistislongbutJandrisevitsis53.C.Assheexplains,“Everykid,54.Agender,age,medicalissuesorthebodytype,shouldlookintothe55.Cfaceofadollandseetheirown.”语篇导读：AmyJandrisevits用玩具娃娃来帮助孩子们适应他们不断变化的医疗状况，并帮助他们建立自信。41．A.power B．themeC．system D．fashion解析：根据下文的“usingdollsto...medicalsituations”可知，玩具娃娃可用来帮助孩子们，所以此处是说它们有一种我们不完全理解的力量。故选A。42．A.lesson B．inspirationC．reward D．experience解析：根据语境可知，这是她在做社会工作者时得到的灵感(inspiration)。故选B。43．A.turnto B．adapttoC．realize D．ignore解析：根据下文的“theirchangingmedicalsituations”可知，此处表示“适应不断变化的医疗状况”。adaptto“适应”。故选B。44．A.worker B．patientC．volunteer D．friend解析：根据下文的“lookedlikeherfriend'schild”可知，一个朋友说她的孩子遭遇了一场车祸。故选D。45．A.unforgettable B．challengingC．complex D．impressive解析：根据上文的“herchildwas...onhisface”可知，此处表示帮助这个年轻人渡过这个充满挑战的时期。unforgettable“令人难忘的”；challenging“挑战性的”；complex“复杂的”；impressive“给人印象深刻的”。故选B。46．A.natural B．generousC．helpful D．hard解析：根据下文的“tellakid，‘Youareperfectinthewayyouare.’”并结合常识可知，那个孩子脸上留疤了，所以要告诉一个孩子“你这样就很完美”和以这样的方式树立起信心是很难的。故选D。47．A.confidence B．connectionC．trust D．communication解析：参见上题解析。故选A。48．A.following B．blessingC．explaining D．changing解析：根据下文的“Shemadeadoll...sentitoff”可知，Jandrisevits着手改变这种状况。故选D。49．A.took B．sentC．saw D．posted解析：根据下文的“aphotoonline”可知，此处表示在网上公布了一张照片。post“公布，张贴，发布”。故选D。50．A.came B．failedC．spread D．read解析：根据下文的“soonJandrisevitswas...photossentbyparents”可知，很多人都知道了这件事情。由此可知，消息传开了，故空处应表示“传播”。故选C。51．A.loved B．quitC．began D．lost解析：根据下文的“startedanonprofitorganization”可知，她辞掉了之前的工作，创办了一家非营利性机构。故选B。52．A.charged B．goneC．asked D．paid解析：根据上下文中的“nonprofitorganization”可知，她没有对一个玩具娃娃收费。charge“收(费)，(向……)要价”。故选A。53．A.tired B．curiousC．determined D．famous解析：根据上文的“Thewaitinglistislongbut”可知，等候名单很长，但Jandrisevits是坚决的。determined“坚决的”。故选C。54．A.regardlessof B．insteadofC．apartfrom D．accordingto解析：根据语境可知，此处表示“每个孩子，无论性别、年龄、药物问题或体型，都应该看到玩具娃娃可爱的脸，并看到自己的脸”。regardlessof“不管，不顾”符合语境。故选A。55．A.restored B．beautifiedC．sweet D．funny解析：根据下文的“faceofadoll”及常识可知，玩具娃娃的脸是可爱的。sweet“惹人喜爱的，可爱的”。故选C。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2023·哈尔滨市学业质检)Xiazhi56.wasestablished(establish)asoneofthefirstofChina'sTwenty-fourSolarTermslongago.Itdoesnotjustrepresentthelongestday,57.butisanimportantpointuponwhichtheyear'sspiritualenergy58.turns(turn)．Chinesepeopleattachequal59.importance(important)tothisday,whichfallsonJun21thisyear，the60.tenth(ten)ofthetraditionalTwenty-fourSolarTerms.AsXiazhirepresentsthelongestdayandisconsideredspecialbypeoplewhoobservethemovementof61.thesun,related62.activities(activity)havebeenheldinmanycitiesacrossChinaandtheworld.AlthoughXiazhiis63.at/intheheightofsummer,it