动词时态二（六种时态知识梳理）中考一轮总复习全宝典（原卷版）

攻略02动词时态二（六种时态知识梳理）·模块一现在完成时PresentPerfectTense·模块二过去完成时PastPerfectTense·模块三过去将来时PastFutureTense·模块四现在完成进行时PresentPerfectProgressiveTense（了解即可）·模块五过去完成进行时PastPerfectProgressiveTense（了解即可）·模块六将来完成时FuturePerfectTense（了解即可）·模块七用实践检验真知模块一模块一现在完成时PresentPerfectTense结构公式：sb.have/hasdone时间状语：already,yet,just,sofar,never,ever,since+过去时间点,for+一段时间,inthepast/lastfewyears现在完成时的简单定义：1）过去发生的动作对现在产生一定的影响；2）过去发生的动作一直延续到现在。比较：Ihad10hamburgerstoday.（今天“吃”的行为已结束，10为最终结果。）Ihavehad10hamburgerstoday.（今天到目前为止吃了10个，可能很饱，也可能还不尽兴。）现在完成时有两个主要用法：用法含义标志词例句已完成动作发生在过去，但后果或影响至今仍然存在.justalready，yetYourletterhasjustbeenreceived.未完成动作开始在过去，一直持续到现在for…,since…Theyhavelivedhereformorethantwentyyears.*Hanged,hanged绞死Hung,hung悬挂Lie躺lay,lain，lying；说谎lied,liedLay放置，下蛋laid,laid(雷的，雷的）♥Attention♥你还能列出现在完成时的一些时间状语吗？recently,lately,总次数……（XXtimes）since用法结构公式：现在完成时+since+一般过去式/过去的时间状语I’veknownmybestfriendsincewewereinhighschool.瞬间动词不能直接和for,since的完成时连用瞬间动词变成延续动词borrow_____keep______________buy_______have______________catchacold_haveacold_________die_________bedead___________fallasleep___beasleep___________fallill______beill______________join_______bein______________leave_______beaway____________marry______bemarried_________start_______beon______________end_______beover___________havebeenVShavegone总结：havebeento___去过_（去了已经回来）havegoneto表示_去了（去了还没回来）havebeenin(始终呆在一个地方)特别句型It/This+is+序数词＋n+现在完成时ItisthefirsttimethatI’veseensuchawonderfulperformance.这是我第一次看到如此精彩的表演。It/thisis+最高级/thebest/theworst/themostinteresting/theonly+n.+现在完成时‘Getaway!’istheonlywordsthatshehaseversaidtome.女神对我说的唯一一句话是“滚开”。现在完成时和过去时区别总结：现在完成时强调过去动作对现在的影响，不与具体过去时间状语连用；一般过去时说的是过去发生的或已经结束了的动作，它和现在没有直接关系，即使事实上和现在有关系，说话时也不强调这种关系，而只是指出那个动作发生在过去某一时间。到目前为止总次数用现在完成时强调某一次动作用一般过去时♥Attention♥Yet，sofar常置于句末，already,just,ever,never等一般置于助动词have/has之后，过去分词之前。★真题试炼★1．Aftergraduation,hiscousinwasemployedbyaninternationalpanyand_______thereeversince.A．worked B．hasworked C．hadworked D．wasworking2．ThisisthethirdtimethatI_______Beijingbutmymother_______herefortwoyears.A．visited;hasleft B．havevisited;hasbeenawayfromC．visited;hasbeenleaving D．havevisited;wasawayfrom3．—It’sselfless________thegreatmantoworkonenergyprojectsabroadundertheBeltandRoadInitiative.—That’strue.He________forPOWERCHINAsincehegraduatedfromcollegein2014.A．for;worked B．of;hasworked C．for;hasworked D．of;isworking4．Internationalsearchandrescue(救援)teamshaverushedtoTurkeytohelpforthehugeearthquakes.China________an82memberChinaSearchandRescueTeam.A．sends B．wassent C．hassent D．hasbeensent5．—Whywon’tyougotothemovieswiththemthisSunday?—BecauseI________thefilmtwice.A．watched B．havewatched C．willwatch D．waswatching6．—Emily,haveyoueverheardofQuanHongchan?—Yes,I________herpetition.SheandChenYuxiwonthefirstplaceinCanada.A．see B．willsee C．haveseen D．wasseeing7．—Greatchanges________inLiangshaninthepasttwoyears.—I’msoproudofmycountry!Insteadofjustgivingmoneytopoorpeople,Chinahastriedtoeducatepeopleandgivethemthetoolstheyneedtoshakeoffpoverty(贫困).A．weretakenplace B．havebeentakenplace C．hadtakenplace D．havetakenplace8．Sinceweenteredourschoolthreeyearsago,we________notonlyknowledgebutalsohowtobearesponsiblecitizen.A．willlearn B．arelearning C．havelearned D．hadlearned9．Pleaseentertheroomquietly.Thebaby________asleep.A．falls B．fell C．hasfallen D．wasfalling10．ThedocumentaryHexiCorridorisverygreat.I________ittwicesofar.A．havewatched B．watch C．willwatch D．watched模块模块二过去完成时PastPerfectTense结构公式：haddone时间状语：by+过去时间ThefamilyofDashwoodhadlongbeensettledinSussex.Theirestatewaslarge,andtheirresidencewasatNorlandPark,inthecentreoftheirproperty,where,formanygenerations,theyhadlivedinsorespectableamannerastoengagethegeneralgoodopinionoftheirsurroundingacquaintance.达什伍德家在苏塞克斯定居，可有些年代了。家里置下一个偌大的田庄，府第就设在田庄中心的诺兰庄园。祖祖辈辈以来，一家人一直过着体面日子，赢得了四近乡邻的交口称誉。SenseandSensibility过去完成时用以表示到过去某一时间动作已完成或延续到某一过去时间的动作或状态，也就是说发生在“过去的过去”。标志性时间状语为by+过去时间点。Hismotherhadgonetoworkbythetimehearrivedhome.如果两个动作发生在过去有明显的先后顺序，最先发生的用过去完成时。HeaskedifMrGilbert'soperationhadbeensuccessfulandthedoctortoldhimthatithadbeen.★真题试炼★11．BythetimeIrushedintothetheater,theshow________forhalfanhour.A．hadbegun B．began C．wason D．hadbeenon12．—Howlong________you________TVbythetimeIcalledyou?—Forabouttwohours.A．had;watched B．have;watched C．did;watch13．—DidyouseeJackattheparty?—No,he________bythetimeI________there.A．wasleaving;got B．left;hadgot C．hadleft;got14．BythetimeIgottothecinema,themovie________fortenminutes.Itwashardtofindmyseat.A．hasbeenon B．hadbegun C．hadbeenon15．—Lilywaslateagainthismorning.Mr.Wangwasveryangrywithher.—Yes.Bythetimeshehurriedintotheclassroom,thebell________.A．haverang B．hadrung C．rung16．We________fourimportantexamsonEnglishbytheendoflastmonth.A．hadhad B．willhave C．havehad17．Bythetimetherescue（营救）mencametohelp,Jack________togetoutoftheburninghouse.A．managed B．hasmanaged C．hadmanaged18．It’sbadlucktoday!BythetimeIgottothetrainstation,thetrain________fortenminutes.A．hasbeenaway B．willbeaway C．hadbeenaway19．ChristoldStaciethathe_________whathewasdoingduringthevacation.A．wasjustasked B．wasjustasking C．justasked D．hadjustbeenasked20．—Youlookunhappy,whathappened?—Badluck.IplannedtogotoShenzhen,buttheplane________whenI________attheairport.A．hasleft;arrived B．hadleft;arrived C．left;arrives模块模块三过去将来时PastFutureTense结构公式一：woulddo结构公式二：was/weregoingtodo时间状语：soon,thenextday,thenextmonth,thenextyear等表示过去预计将要发生的动作或存在的状态，即“站在过去说将来”。★真题试炼★21．Theradiosaidthatit________cloudythenextday.A．willbe B．was C．wouldbe D．are22．Alicehasgonetotheclassroomandshedidn’tsay________.A．whendidsheeback B．whenwouldshebebackC．whenshecameback D．whenshewouldbeback23．ZhongNanshanoncesaidinhisspeechthatathirdvaccine(疫苗)________theCOVID19moreeffectively(有效地).A．hasprevented B．willprevent C．prevents D．wouldprevent24．—Sophia,thisisasmallgiftforyou.—Howniceofyou!Ineverthoughtyou________meagift.A．got B．wouldget C．willget D．hasgot25．—It’snearlythreeo’clock.Whyhasn’tmymothershownup?—Shecalledjustnowandpromisedshe________atthree.A．willarrive B．wouldarrive C．hasarrived D．hadarrived26．—Sophia,thisisasmallgiftforyou.

—Howniceofyou!Ineverthoughtyou__________meagift.A．got B．wouldget C．wouldgive D．gave27．—HasSandyhandedinherreport?—Notsure.Shetoldmethatshewantedtocheckitagainandshe________itinsoon.A．willhand B．handed C．wouldhand D．hashanded28．—Whenwillourdaughtereback?—Shetoldmeonthephonelastnightthatshe________inlateApril.Shemustbepackingthesedays.A．willarrive B．wouldarrive C．isarriving D．arrives29．—It’salreadythreeo’clock.Whyhasn’tmyfathershownup?—Hecalledjustnowandpromisedhe__________atthree.Heshouldbehereinanyminute.A．willarrive B．hasarrived C．wouldarrive D．hadarrived30．—Whywereyoulateforthespeech?—Iwhenmyfrienddroppedby.A．left B．wasabouttoleave C．haveleft D．hadleft模块模块四现在完成进行时PresentPerfectProgressiveTense结构公式：have/hasbeendoing时间状语：sofar,since+现在时间,for+一段时间,allmorning等InmyyoungerandmorevulnerableyearsmyfathergavemesomeadvicethatI’vebeenturningover（仔细考虑）inmymindeversince.“Wheneveryoufeellikecriticizinganyone,”hetoldme,“justrememberthatallthepeopleinthisworldhaven’thadtheadvantagesthatyou’vehad.”TheGreatGatsby现在完成进行时是现在完成时态和进行时态的结合，既有现在完成时态的特点，也有进行时态的特点。主要表示一个持续到现在的动作；表示动作的重复；表示长时间做某事；表示感情色彩。现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别:现在完成时可以表示一个已经完成的动作，而现在完成进行时则表示一个正在进行的动作,强调动作的持续性，因此有“未完成”的含义。试比较：Ihavereadthisbook.（我读过这本书。）Ihavebeenreadingthisbook.（我一直在读这本书）♥Attention♥有少数动词(如work,study,live,teach,stay等)在表示持续一时间时用这两种时态含义差不多(只是用现在完成进行进更强调动作的持续性)。Howlonghaveyouworked[beenworking]here?你在这儿工作多久了？自1988年以来我就一直住在这儿。Ihavelivedhere/havebeenlivingheresince1988.现在完成时通常只陈述事实，而现在完成进行时还可表示一种感情色彩。我等了两小时。(陈述事实)__I'vewaitedfor2hours__我等了两个小时。(等得望穿秋水)_____Ihavebeenwaitingfor2hours.不用于进行时态的动词通常也不用于现在完成进行时，但它们可以用于现在完成时。我认识她刚刚两天。__Ihavejustknownherfortwodays.他们结婚已二十年了。现在完成进行时不用于被动语态，但可用现在完成时的被动语态代替。这房子已漆了一个月。_这个问题已被研究了五天。Theproblemhasbeenstudiedfor5days.//Wehavebeenstudyingthisproblemfor5days.现在完成时&现在完成进行时异同现完现完进已完成√×未完成√+for/since…√（+for/since…）情感×√被动语态√×适用动词（有since/for：不能用瞬间V）除不能用进行时的V（心理V；情感V；结果V；瞬间V……）模块模块五过去完成进行时PastPerfectProgressiveTense结构公式：hadbeendoing时间状语：by+过去时间，before+过去时间表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到另外一个过去时间的动作，这个动作在当时仍在进行并可能继续延续下去。去年他戒烟了。他抽烟已经30年。Hequit/gaveupsmokinglastyear.Hehadbeensmokingfor30years.模块模块六将来完成时FuturePerfectTense结构公式：willhavedone时间状语：before+将来时间；by+将来时间，时间点若是从句，要用一般现在时表示在将来某一时间点以前已经完成或一直持续的动作。Iamsurehewillhavefinishedhisworkbythetimeyouarethere.时态Summary一般进行完成完成进行现在work(s)is/am/areworkinghave/hasworkedhave/hasbeenworking过去workedwas/wereworkinghadworkedhadbeenworking将来will/shallworkis/am/aregoingtowork…willbeworkingwillhaveworkedwillhavebeenworking过去将来wouldworkwas/weregoingtowork…wouldbeworkingwouldhaveworkedwouldhavebeenworking根据“标志词”确定时态短语所对应时态短语所对应时态now一般现、现进howoften一般现、一般过atthistimeyesterday过去进行howlong现完、现完进lastyear/month一般过sincewhen现完bytheend/timeof+过去时间过完inthepastthreeyears现完bytheend/timeof+将来时间讲完Watchout！现在进行根据语境确定时态—Excuseme,sir.Smokingisnotallowedhere.—Oh,sorryI_____B_____.A.don’tknow B.didn’tknow C.haven’tknown D.can’tknow—Yourphonenumberagain?I____A____quitecatchit.—It’s7226109.A.didn’t B.won't C.don’t D.can’t—Alice.whydidn’tyoueyesterday?—I__C_______,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.A.had B.would C.wasgoingto D.didMom,4plus4is9,right?Honey,I____C_____you_________wrong.A.think//were B.thought//were C.think//are D.thought//areDarling,Iamsorry.I_B__you________ingtomorrowmorning,soIdidn'tpreparedinnerforyou.A.think//were B.thought//were C.think//are D.thought//are

在英语里有些动词与时态有着特定的对应关系，如:see(看见)，hear(听见)，find(找到)结果类动词不能用进行时work表示机器不能正常运行、运转时常用do/doesn’twork；open,close,lock表示门、窗等不能正常关、开、锁的意思时常用won’topen/close/lock等，这时它们是以主动形式表示被动意义。—CanIhelpyou,sir?—Yes.Iboughtthisradiohereyesterday,butit_D____. A.didn’twork B.won’twork C.can’twork D.doesn’twork窗户打不开了，得找个人来修。Thewindowwon'topen.Ineedtofindsomeonetorepairit.//Ineedtohaveitrepaired.(havesthdone让别人来做，但不强调是谁)综合检测综合检测用实践检验真知用所给单词的正确形式填空31．IthinkCreationofGodsIisoneofthebestmoviesI(see)thissummer.32．I(use)thispenforalongtimebutit’sstillgood.33．—That’sanicemobilephone.—Itis.I(have)itfortwomonths.34．ScientistsaretryingtofindlifeonMarsbuttheyanythingyet.(notfind)35．Well(begin)ishalfdone.36．—Haveyouever(ride)