2021届高考英语复习之高考真题阅读词块精析（四十）

2021高考英语复习之高考真题阅读词块精析（四十）

2020浙江卷（B篇）

ThetrafficsignalsalongFactoriaBoulevardinBellevue,Washington,generallydon'tflash

thesamelengthofgreentwiceinarow,especiallyatrushhour.At9：30am,thefull

red/yellow/greensignalcyclemightbe140seconds.By9：33am,aburstofadditionaltraffic

mightpushitto145seconds.Lesstrafficat9：37amcouldpushitdownto135.Justlikethe

trafficitself,thetimingofthesignalschanges.

Thatisbydesign.Bellevue,afast-growingcity,justeastofSeattle,usesasystemthatis

gainingpopularityaroundtheUS：intersection（十字路口）signalsthatcanadjustinrealtime

totrafficconditions.Theselights,knownasadaptivesignals,haveledtosignificantdeclinesin

boththetroubleandcostoftravelsbetweenworkandhome.

uAdaptivesignalscanmakesurethatthetrafficdemandthatisthereisbeingaddressed,,,

saysAlexStevanovic,aresearcheratFloridaAtlanticUniversity.

ForallofBellevue?ssuccess,adaptivesignalsarenotacure-allforjammed

roadways.KevinBalke,aresearchengineerattheTexasA&MUniversityTransportationInstitute,

saysthatwhilesmartlightscanbeparticularlybeneficialforsomecities,othersaresojammed

thatonlyasharpreductioninthenumberofcarsontheroadwillmakeameaningfuldifference.

“It'snotgoingtofixeverything,butadaptivesignalshavesomebenefitsforsmallercities,w

hesays.

InBellevue,theswitchtoadaptivesignalshasbeenalessoninthevalueofwelcomingnew

approaches.Inthepast,therewasoftenanautomaticreactiontoincreasedtraffic:justwidenthe

roads,saysMarkPoch,theBellevueTransportationDepartment,strafficengineeringmanager.

Nowhehopesthatothercitieswillconsidermakingtheirstreetsrunsmarterinsteadofjust

makingthembigger.

词块梳理

1:signal

英［'SIgnal］美［'signal］

n.信号；红绿灯

V.发信号；示意

adj.重大的

变形

副词:signally

过去分词：signalled

现在分词：signalling

过去式：signalled

复数：signals

第三人称单数：signals

双语例句

1.Expertsregardeditasawarningsignalofaneconomicsmashup.

专家们把它看作是一场经济灾难的警告信号.

2.Thecarrierwavehasgotoutofphasewiththesignalwave.

载波同信号波是异相的.

3.Thisisasignalfailure.

这是明显的失败.

2：flash

英印化』美田利

n.闪耀；突发；闪现；闪光灯；简章

v.使闪光；飞驰；突然想到；快速出示；使闪现；快速发送；瞥（一眼）；发

光

adj.奢华的

变形

过去分词：flashed

现在分词：flashing

过去式：flashed

第三人称单数：flashes

双语例句

1.Fiveyearshaveelapsedinaflash.

一晃就是5年.

2.Likeaflashoflightning,themeteorshotacrossthesky.

流星像一道闪光划过天空.

3.Withaflash,thekerosenelampwentout.

煤油灯闪了闪就灭了.

3：cycle

英［kaki］美［kaki］

v.骑自行车

n.自行车；摩托车；整套；循环；组诗

变形

过去分词：cycled

现在分词：cycling

过去式：cycled

复数：cycles

第三人称单数：cycles

双语例句

1.Whichiscommonlyusedinthetwospeed100kmfuelcycleandconsumption.

其中常用的两种是等速百公里油耗和循环工况油耗.

2.Theaccumulation,distributionandcycleofN,PandKinS.apetala+S.

研究了深圳福田红树林无瓣海桑+海桑群落的N、P、K元素的累积和循环.

3.You'vegottobeespeciallycarefulwhenyoucycleonsnow.

雪地上骑车要格外小心.

4：popularity

英hpDpjuiaereti］美［pa：pjulaeroti］

n.流行，普及；声望

双语例句

1.Severalunpopulardecisionsdiminishedthegovernor'spopularity.

几项不得人心的决定使州长的声望下降.

2.Ourproductenjoyspopularitythroughouttheworld.

我们的产品饮誉全球.

3.Theybroughtinnewtaxlawsinabidtorestoretheirpopularity.

他们提出了新税法,力求重新赢得人心.

5：intersection

英hndsekji］美［intorbekjh］

n.横断，横切；交叉，相交；交叉点，交叉线；［数］交集

变形

复数：intersections

双语例句

l.Thekeypointwhichconstrainstheurbanroadcapacityistheintersection.

城市道路交通通行能力制约关键在交叉口.

2.Thepolicemanregulatedtrafficattheintersection.

警察在交叉路口指挥交通.

3.Inthispaper,wepresentanovelparametricsurfacesintersectionalgorithm

basedondiscretesurfels.

提出了一种基于点元的参数曲面求交交互式新算法.

6：adaptive

英［Jckeptv］美［Jdaeptw］

adj.适应的；有适应能力的

双语例句

l.Asimpleadaptivecontrolsystemwasdesignedforconstanttensionofdouble

standrevererollingmill.

为保证双机架可逆冷轧机轧制中带钢恒张力，设计了恒张力简单自适应控制

系统.

2.Atlast,theadaptivecontrollerisdesignedaccordingtothemodelreference

adaptivecontroltheory.

最后，根据模型参考自适应控制原理，设计了自适应控制器.

3.Anadaptivecontrolalgorithmwasputforwardaimingattwomainproblems

existinginthesystem.

针对此类系统存在的主要问题,提出一种适应或控制算法.

7；decline

英［diklan］美［diklan］

v.减少；衰落；下降；衰退；婉拒；（单词）变格

n.下降，减少；衰落

变形

过去分词：declined

现在分词：declining

过去式：declined

第三人称单数：declines

双语例句

l.Thedeclineofsalesembarrassedthecompany.

销路下降使公司陷于财政困难.

2.Hisfatherisonthedecline.

他父亲的身体越来越弱.

3.Pricesatthefairsarestablewithaslightdecline.

价格稳中有降.

8；demand

英［d/mcrnd］美［di*maend］

v.强烈要求；需要

n.要求；所需之物；需求

变形

过去分词：demanded

现在分词：demanding

过去式：demanded

复数：demands

第三人称单数：demands

双语例句

l.Thiswashingmachinewasguaranteedfrommechanicalfailure一Idemanda

newone!

这台洗衣机出售时曾担保过不出机械性故障一一我要换一台新的.

2.Thesupplyisinadequatetomeetthedemand.

供不应求.

3.Wedemandadefiniteanswer.

我们要求明确的答案.

9：jammed

英［ds^emd］美［dsaemd］

adj.机器出故障等无法正常运转；壅塞

双语例句

l.Shelookedatthebooksjammedhaphazardlyintheshelves.

她看着乱七八糟地塞在书架上的那些书。

2.Themarketplacewasjammedwithanoisycrowdofbuyersandsellers.

集市上熙熙攘攘挤满了买卖东西的人。

3.Cracksappearedinthewallandadoorjammedshut.

墙上出现了裂缝，一扇门卡住打不开了。

10：approach

英美［abroot』

v.接近，临近；对付，处理；接洽，要求

n.方法，方式；接近，来临；接洽，要求；途径，道路；相似的事物

变形

过去分词：approached

现在分词：approaching

过去式：approached

复数：approaches

第三人称单数：approaches

双语例句

l.Attheapproachofcoldweather,thetroopswereunabletokeepholdingthe

field.

寒冷的天气到来时,部队无力继续作战.

2.Shecouldtelltheapproachofthemilkmanbythewhistlednotesthatsomehow

alwaysflatted.

她能从那总是偏低的口哨声听出送奶人的到来.

3.Thescoutmadeastealthyapproachtothe