2021届 高考英语重难词汇短语梳理与阅读练习（七十二）含答案

2021高考英语重难词汇短语梳理与阅读练习（七十二）

一：词汇梳理

1.contrary/'kontrori/a.相反的n.相反

2.visionary/'v^onori/a.①有远见的②空想的

3.cavity/'kaeviti/n.①洞②齿禹洞

4.leap/li:p/v.跳n.跳跃

5.analyze/1^enalaiz/vt.①分解②分析

6.output/'autput/n.①产量②输出

7.stoop/stu:p/vi.弯腰n.弯腰

8.restore/n'sto:/vt.①恢复②归还③修复

9.血ervene/jn匕'vi:n/vi.①干预②介入

10.permanent/'po:monont/a.永久的

11.account/o'kaunt/n.①账目②叙述vi.①说明②（在数量、比例方面）占

12.accountable/okauntabol/a.负有责任的

13.contempt/kon'tempt/n.藐视

14.exemplify/ig'zemphfai/vt,①是…的范例②举例说明

15.submit/sab'mit/vt.①呈送②主张vi.（to）服从

16.revenge/n'vendj/n.报复vt.替…报仇

17.allergica.过敏（性）的

18.budget/'bAd^it/n.预算v.作预算a.低廉的

19.arouse/o'rauz/vt.①引起②唤醒

20.potential/pa'tenpl/a.潜在的n.①潜在性②潜力

21.limited/'limitid/a.有限的

22.limitation/.limiteifan/n.限制，局限性

23.dash/daeJ7v./n.①猛冲②猛击n.破折号

24.induce/m'dju:s/vt.①引起②引诱③（用药物）为（产妇）引产

25.facet/'fesit/n.①（多面体的）面②（问题等的）一个方面

26.oust/aust/vt.驱逐

27.symphony/'simfoni/n.①交响乐②（色彩等的）和谐

28.alter/'o:lt0/vt.①改变②修改

29.alternate/o：rto:nit/vi.交替a.①交替的②间隔的

30.alternative/o：rto:n0tiv/n.①可供选择的事物②取舍a.两者挑一的

二：短语梳理

1.inpractice在实践中,实际上

2.inproportionto与…成比例

3.inpublic公开地，当众

4.inquantity大量

5.inquestion正在谈论的

6.inregardto关于，至于

7.inrelationto关于，涉及

8.inreturn作为报答/回报/交换

9.inreturnfor作为对…的报答

10.inshort简言之，总之

11.insight被见到;在望

12.inspiteof尽管

13.instep齐步，合拍

14.instepwith与…一致/协调

15.intears流着泪，在哭着

三：阅读训练

（一）

Doyouloveholidaysbuthatetheincreaseweightthatfollows?Youarenot

alone.Holidaysarehappydayswithpleasureanddeliciousfbods.Many

people,however,areworriedabouttheweightthatcomesalongwiththedelicious

foods.

Withproperplanning,though,itispossibletocontrolyourweight.Theideaisto

enjoytheholidaysbutnottoeattoomuch.Youdon'thavetoturnawayfromthe

foodsthatyouenjoy.Thefollowingsuggestionsmaybeofsomehelptoyou.

Donotmissmeals.Beforeyouleavehomeforafeast,haveasmall,low-fat

snack.Thismayhelptokeepyoufromgettingtooexcitedbeforedeliciousfoods.

Beginwithclearsoup,fruitorvegetables.Alargeglassofwaterbeforeyoueat

mayhelpyoufeelfull.Useasmallplate;alargeplatewillencourageyoutohavemore

thanenough.

Betternothavehigh-fatfoods.Dishesthatlookoilyorcreamyhavemuchfatin

them.Chooseleanmeat.Fillyourplatewithsaladandgreenvegetables.

Ifyouhaveasweettooth,trymintsandfruit.Theydon'thavefatcontentas

creamandchocolate.

Don'tletexercisetakeabreakduringtheholidays.A20-minutewalkaftera

mealcanhelpburnoffexcesscalories.

1.HolidaysarehappydayswithpleasurebuttheymayL

A.bringweightproblems

B.bringyoumuchtroubleinyourlife

C.makeyouworryaboutyourfoods

D.makeyouhatedeliciousfoods

2.Inordertoreallyenjoyyourholidayswithoutputtingonweight,you'dbetter

A.drinkmuchwaterandhavevegetablesonly

B.noteatmuchfoodinhighfat

C.notacceptinvitationstofeasts

D.tumawayfromdeliciousfoods

3.Accordingtothepassage,isanecessaryparttostopyoufromputtingon

weight.

A.clearsoupB.water

C.caloriesofenergyD.physicalexercise

4.Manypeoplecan'thelpputtingonweightaftertheholidaysbecausethey

A.can'tcontrolthemselves

B.gototoomanyfeasts

C.enjoydeliciousfoods

D.can'thelpturningawayfromthefoods

参考答案：

1答案:A细节理解题。文章第一句话就指出，“你是否热爱假期而又憎恶随

之而来的体重增加的问题呢？"第二段第二句话又提到,“然而，很多人都担心美食

带来的体重问题。”故选A项。

2.答案:B细节理解题。根据第六段第一句“最好不要吃高脂肪的食物”可知,B

项符合文章意思。

3答案:D细节理解题。文章最后一段第一句“在整个假期中,你都不能停止

锻炼”可知，要防止增肥，体育锻炼是必要的。

4.答案:A推理判断题。文章第四段最后一句话，“这可能对于避免你见到美

食太过兴奋有所帮助。”可见，大多数人在假期里发胖，是因为自己抵制不住美食的

诱惑。B项“去参加太多的宴会”，文章中没有提到;C项“享受美食”并不一定

就导致“人们发胖”，关键是人们自己的做法;D项“禁不住要拒绝美食”与题意

相反。

（二）

ThefreezingNortheasthasn,tbeenaterriblyfunplacetospendtimethis

winter,sowhenthechancecameforaweekendtoSarasota,Florida,mybagswere

packedbeforeyoucouldsay“sunshine”.1leftforthelandofwarmthandvitamin

C（维生素C）,thinkingofbeachesandorangetrees.Whenwetoucheddowntoblue

skiesandwarmair,!sentupasmallprayerofgratefulness.Swimmingpools,wine

tasting,andpinksunsets（atnormaleveninghours,not4intheafternoon）filledthe

weekend,butthebestpart一particularlytomytaste,dulledbymonthsofcold-weather

rootvegetables一wasa7a.m.adventuretotheSarasotafarmers'marketthatproved

tobemorethanworththeearlywake-upcall.

Themarket,whichwasfoundedin1979,setsupitstentseverySaturdayfrom7

a.m.to1p.m.,rainorshine,alongNorthLemonandStatestreets.Basketsofperfectred

strawberries;thered-paintedsidesoftheJavaDawgcoffeetruck;andmostofall,the

tomatoes:amazing,large,softandroundredtomatoes.

Disappointedbymanyabroken,vine-ripened（蔓上成熟的）promise,1?ve

refusedtobuywintertomatoesforyears.Nomatterhowattractivetheylookinthe

store,onceIgetthemhomethey'reunfailinglydry,hard,andtasteless.ButIhomed

in,withuncertainty,ononeparticulartableattheBrown'sGroveFarm'sstand,fullof

freshandsofttomatoesthesizeofmyfist.Theseweretherealdeal一andatthat

moment,!realizedthatthebestpartofSarasotainwinterwasgoingtobeeating

thingsthatbackhomeinNewYorkIwouldn'tbeexperiencingagainformonths.

DelightedasIwasbythetomatoesinsight,myhappinessdeepenedwhenI

learnedthatBrown'sGroveFarmisoneofthesuppliersforJackDusty,anewly

openedrestaurantattheSarasotaRitzCarlton,where—luckilyforme—Iwasplanning

tohavedinnerthatverynight.Withoutevenseeingthemenu,!knewI'dbeordering

everytomatoonit.

l.WhatdidtheauthorthinkofherwinterlifeinNewYork?

A.Exciting.B.Boring.

C.Relaxing.D.Annoying.

答案:B推理判断题。根据第一段第一句内容可以推断出，对于作者来说，纽约

的冬天是无聊的、乏味的，所以作者在周末迫不及待地来到佛罗里达的萨拉索塔。

2.Whatmadetheauthor?sgettingupearlyworthwhile?

A.Havingaswim.

B.Breathinginfreshair.

C.Walkinginthemorningsun.

D.Visitingalocalfarmers'market.

答案:D细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句内容可知，参观萨拉索塔农民的菜

市场使作者大开眼界，并觉得早起是值得的。

3.WhatcanwelearnabouttomatoessoldinNewYorkinwinter?

A.Theyaresoft.B.Theylooknice.

C.Theytastegreat.D.Theyarejuicy.

答案:B推理判断题。根据第三段第二句内容可以推断出，纽约冬天卖的西红

柿外表很好看，但是又干又硬，没有味道。

4.Whatwastheauthorgoingtodothatevening?

A.Gotoafarm.B.Checkintoahotel.

C.Eatinarestaurant.D.Buyfreshvegetables.

答案:C细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，晚上，作者打算去饭店吃饭，而那

家饭店的食品供应者之一就是作者参观的菜市场。

（三）

Boysandgirls,Ithinkmostofyouliketravelling.Butusually,peoplefeelexcited

beforeatour,butduringit,theymayfeeltheyarenotwellpreparedforit.Afteritthey

feelitisnotworththetour.Thenhowcanyoumakeyourtourmoreinterestingand

meaningful?Hereissomeadvice.

Firstly一Look!Certainlyweshouldlookatthesceneryverycarefully.Also,before

weleaveourhouse,weshouldfindsomebooksabouttheplaceofinterest.Weshould

firstknowsomethingabouttheplace,suchasitsgeography,itshistoryanditsfamous

people,etc.Whenwearereadyforthetour,wecanreallyunderstandtheplaceduring

ourtourevenifwedon'thavemuchtime.

Secondly一Takephotos!Whenwevisitaplaceofinterest,mostofustakea

camera.Ifyouwanttotakesomephotos,remembertochoosethemostspecial

sights.Don'tchoosethesightthatwecanseeinotherplaces.For

example,Beidaihe,QingdaoandZhuhaiarecoastal（沿海）cities.Don,tonlytake

photosofthesea.Youshouldtakesomethingelse,too.

Thirdly一Taste!Somepeopleliketobuysomefoodthattheylikemostduring

theirtours.Inmyopinion,don'tbuythefoodthatyoulikemostbecauseyoucanbuy

itinyourowncityortown.Youhadbettertastesomethingspecialintheplaceof

interest.Snacksinsomeplacesareverydelicious.Andfromaplace'ssnacks,youcan

finditsfoodculture.Sowhynottastethem?Maybeyouhavejustonechancetotasteit

inyourlife.

Fourthly——Write!Whenyouvisitaplace,youshouldtakeapenanda

notebook,soyoucanwritesomethingdown.lt'spossiblethatyoucanwriteagood

article.Later,whenyoureadit,youwillfeelthatyoucanfindthepleasureduringthe

tour.

Haveagoodtime!

1.Travellersfeeltheycan,tenjoytheirtoursfullybecause.

A.theyfeeltooexcitedbeforethetour

B.theyarenotwellpreparedforthetour

C.theydon'tliketravellinginfact

D.therearebetterplacestotravel

答案:B细节理解题。由第一段第二句可知，人们在旅游时，发现自己为此做的

准备还远远不够，因此就不能够充分享受旅行的乐趣。

2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthestatementsisnotproperduringatour?

A.Weshouldlearnsomethingabouttheplacebeforetravelling.

B.Wehadbettertakephotoswheretherearespecialsights.

C.Writesomethingduringthetourandyoucanenjoythetourmore.

D.Don'ttastefoodintheplaceofinterestinordertokeephealthy.

答案:D细节理解题。由第四段可知，作者建议游客品尝旅游地的小吃等，因此

D项的叙述是不恰当的。

3.Thetitleofthepassageisprobably.

A.TravelwithMe

B.HowtoMakeYourTourMoreInterestingandMeaningful

C.HowtoTravelwithoutProperThings

D.ItIsWorthTravellingtoStrangePlaces

答案:B主旨大意题。本文主要是作者给旅游者的几条建议，即如何使人们的

旅游有趣而有意义。

（四）

Differentweathermakespeoplefeeldifferent.ltinfluenceshealth,intelligence

（智力）andfeelings.

InAugust,itisveryhotandwetinthesouthernpartoftheUnitedStates.People

therehavehearttroubleandotherkindsofhealthproblemsduringthismonth.Inthe

NortheastandtheMiddleWest,itisveryhotatsometimesandverycoldatother

times.Peopleinthesestateshavemorehearttroubleaftertheweatherchangesin

FebruaryorMarch.

Theweathercanalsoinfluenceintelligence.Forexample,inascientificreport,IQ

ofagroupofstudentswasveiyhighwhenaverystrongwindcame,butafterthe

strongwind,theirIQwas10%below.Thewindcanhelppeoplehavemore

intelligence.Veryhotweather,ontheotherhand,canmakeitlower.Studentsinmany

schoolsoftheUnitedStatesoftengetworseonexamsinthehotmonthsoftheyear

（JulyandAugust）.Weatheralsohasastronginfluenceonpeople?sfeelings.Winter

maybeabadtimefbrthinpeople.Theyusuallyfeelcoldduringthesemonths.They

mightfeelunhappyduringcoldweather.Butfatpeoplemayhaveahardtimeinhot

summer.Atabout18℃,peoplebecomestronger.

Lowairpressuremaymakepeopleforgetful.Peopleleavemorebagsonbuses

andinshopsonlow-pressuredays.Thereisa“goodweather”fbrhealth.Peoplefeel

bestatatemperatureofabout18℃.

Areyoufeelingsad,tired,forgetful,orunhappytoday?Itmaybetheweather?s

problem.

1.Whatkindofweathercanhaveabadeffectonhealth?

A.Hotandwetweather.B.Goodweather.

C.Warmweather.D.Highintelligen