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2021高考英语重难词汇短语梳理与阅读练习(七十二)
一:词汇梳理
1.contrary/'kontrori/a.相反的n.相反
2.visionary/'v^onori/a.①有远见的②空想的
3.cavity/'kaeviti/n.①洞②齿禹洞
4.leap/li:p/v.跳n.跳跃
5.analyze/1^enalaiz/vt.①分解②分析
6.output/'autput/n.①产量②输出
7.stoop/stu:p/vi.弯腰n.弯腰
8.restore/n'sto:/vt.①恢复②归还③修复
9.血ervene/jn匕'vi:n/vi.①干预②介入
10.permanent/'po:monont/a.永久的
11.account/o'kaunt/n.①账目②叙述vi.①说明②(在数量、比例方面)占
12.accountable/okauntabol/a.负有责任的
13.contempt/kon'tempt/n.藐视
14.exemplify/ig'zemphfai/vt,①是…的范例②举例说明
15.submit/sab'mit/vt.①呈送②主张vi.(to)服从
16.revenge/n'vendj/n.报复vt.替…报仇
17.allergica.过敏(性)的
18.budget/'bAd^it/n.预算v.作预算a.低廉的
19.arouse/o'rauz/vt.①引起②唤醒
20.potential/pa'tenpl/a.潜在的n.①潜在性②潜力
21.limited/'limitid/a.有限的
22.limitation/.limiteifan/n.限制,局限性
23.dash/daeJ7v./n.①猛冲②猛击n.破折号
24.induce/m'dju:s/vt.①引起②引诱③(用药物)为(产妇)引产
25.facet/'fesit/n.①(多面体的)面②(问题等的)一个方面
26.oust/aust/vt.驱逐
27.symphony/'simfoni/n.①交响乐②(色彩等的)和谐
28.alter/'o:lt0/vt.①改变②修改
29.alternate/o:rto:nit/vi.交替a.①交替的②间隔的
30.alternative/o:rto:n0tiv/n.①可供选择的事物②取舍a.两者挑一的
二:短语梳理
1.inpractice在实践中,实际上
2.inproportionto与…成比例
3.inpublic公开地,当众
4.inquantity大量
5.inquestion正在谈论的
6.inregardto关于,至于
7.inrelationto关于,涉及
8.inreturn作为报答/回报/交换
9.inreturnfor作为对…的报答
10.inshort简言之,总之
11.insight被见到;在望
12.inspiteof尽管
13.instep齐步,合拍
14.instepwith与…一致/协调
15.intears流着泪,在哭着
三:阅读训练
(一)
Doyouloveholidaysbuthatetheincreaseweightthatfollows?Youarenot
alone.Holidaysarehappydayswithpleasureanddeliciousfbods.Many
people,however,areworriedabouttheweightthatcomesalongwiththedelicious
foods.
Withproperplanning,though,itispossibletocontrolyourweight.Theideaisto
enjoytheholidaysbutnottoeattoomuch.Youdon'thavetoturnawayfromthe
foodsthatyouenjoy.Thefollowingsuggestionsmaybeofsomehelptoyou.
Donotmissmeals.Beforeyouleavehomeforafeast,haveasmall,low-fat
snack.Thismayhelptokeepyoufromgettingtooexcitedbeforedeliciousfoods.
Beginwithclearsoup,fruitorvegetables.Alargeglassofwaterbeforeyoueat
mayhelpyoufeelfull.Useasmallplate;alargeplatewillencourageyoutohavemore
thanenough.
Betternothavehigh-fatfoods.Dishesthatlookoilyorcreamyhavemuchfatin
them.Chooseleanmeat.Fillyourplatewithsaladandgreenvegetables.
Ifyouhaveasweettooth,trymintsandfruit.Theydon'thavefatcontentas
creamandchocolate.
Don'tletexercisetakeabreakduringtheholidays.A20-minutewalkaftera
mealcanhelpburnoffexcesscalories.
1.HolidaysarehappydayswithpleasurebuttheymayL
A.bringweightproblems
B.bringyoumuchtroubleinyourlife
C.makeyouworryaboutyourfoods
D.makeyouhatedeliciousfoods
2.Inordertoreallyenjoyyourholidayswithoutputtingonweight,you'dbetter
A.drinkmuchwaterandhavevegetablesonly
B.noteatmuchfoodinhighfat
C.notacceptinvitationstofeasts
D.tumawayfromdeliciousfoods
3.Accordingtothepassage,isanecessaryparttostopyoufromputtingon
weight.
A.clearsoupB.water
C.caloriesofenergyD.physicalexercise
4.Manypeoplecan'thelpputtingonweightaftertheholidaysbecausethey
A.can'tcontrolthemselves
B.gototoomanyfeasts
C.enjoydeliciousfoods
D.can'thelpturningawayfromthefoods
参考答案:
1答案:A细节理解题。文章第一句话就指出,“你是否热爱假期而又憎恶随
之而来的体重增加的问题呢?"第二段第二句话又提到,“然而,很多人都担心美食
带来的体重问题。”故选A项。
2.答案:B细节理解题。根据第六段第一句“最好不要吃高脂肪的食物”可知,B
项符合文章意思。
3答案:D细节理解题。文章最后一段第一句“在整个假期中,你都不能停止
锻炼”可知,要防止增肥,体育锻炼是必要的。
4.答案:A推理判断题。文章第四段最后一句话,“这可能对于避免你见到美
食太过兴奋有所帮助。”可见,大多数人在假期里发胖,是因为自己抵制不住美食的
诱惑。B项“去参加太多的宴会”,文章中没有提到;C项“享受美食”并不一定
就导致“人们发胖”,关键是人们自己的做法;D项“禁不住要拒绝美食”与题意
相反。
(二)
ThefreezingNortheasthasn,tbeenaterriblyfunplacetospendtimethis
winter,sowhenthechancecameforaweekendtoSarasota,Florida,mybagswere
packedbeforeyoucouldsay“sunshine”.1leftforthelandofwarmthandvitamin
C(维生素C),thinkingofbeachesandorangetrees.Whenwetoucheddowntoblue
skiesandwarmair,!sentupasmallprayerofgratefulness.Swimmingpools,wine
tasting,andpinksunsets(atnormaleveninghours,not4intheafternoon)filledthe
weekend,butthebestpart一particularlytomytaste,dulledbymonthsofcold-weather
rootvegetables一wasa7a.m.adventuretotheSarasotafarmers'marketthatproved
tobemorethanworththeearlywake-upcall.
Themarket,whichwasfoundedin1979,setsupitstentseverySaturdayfrom7
a.m.to1p.m.,rainorshine,alongNorthLemonandStatestreets.Basketsofperfectred
strawberries;thered-paintedsidesoftheJavaDawgcoffeetruck;andmostofall,the
tomatoes:amazing,large,softandroundredtomatoes.
Disappointedbymanyabroken,vine-ripened(蔓上成熟的)promise,1?ve
refusedtobuywintertomatoesforyears.Nomatterhowattractivetheylookinthe
store,onceIgetthemhomethey'reunfailinglydry,hard,andtasteless.ButIhomed
in,withuncertainty,ononeparticulartableattheBrown'sGroveFarm'sstand,fullof
freshandsofttomatoesthesizeofmyfist.Theseweretherealdeal一andatthat
moment,!realizedthatthebestpartofSarasotainwinterwasgoingtobeeating
thingsthatbackhomeinNewYorkIwouldn'tbeexperiencingagainformonths.
DelightedasIwasbythetomatoesinsight,myhappinessdeepenedwhenI
learnedthatBrown'sGroveFarmisoneofthesuppliersforJackDusty,anewly
openedrestaurantattheSarasotaRitzCarlton,where—luckilyforme—Iwasplanning
tohavedinnerthatverynight.Withoutevenseeingthemenu,!knewI'dbeordering
everytomatoonit.
l.WhatdidtheauthorthinkofherwinterlifeinNewYork?
A.Exciting.B.Boring.
C.Relaxing.D.Annoying.
答案:B推理判断题。根据第一段第一句内容可以推断出,对于作者来说,纽约
的冬天是无聊的、乏味的,所以作者在周末迫不及待地来到佛罗里达的萨拉索塔。
2.Whatmadetheauthor?sgettingupearlyworthwhile?
A.Havingaswim.
B.Breathinginfreshair.
C.Walkinginthemorningsun.
D.Visitingalocalfarmers'market.
答案:D细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句内容可知,参观萨拉索塔农民的菜
市场使作者大开眼界,并觉得早起是值得的。
3.WhatcanwelearnabouttomatoessoldinNewYorkinwinter?
A.Theyaresoft.B.Theylooknice.
C.Theytastegreat.D.Theyarejuicy.
答案:B推理判断题。根据第三段第二句内容可以推断出,纽约冬天卖的西红
柿外表很好看,但是又干又硬,没有味道。
4.Whatwastheauthorgoingtodothatevening?
A.Gotoafarm.B.Checkintoahotel.
C.Eatinarestaurant.D.Buyfreshvegetables.
答案:C细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知,晚上,作者打算去饭店吃饭,而那
家饭店的食品供应者之一就是作者参观的菜市场。
(三)
Boysandgirls,Ithinkmostofyouliketravelling.Butusually,peoplefeelexcited
beforeatour,butduringit,theymayfeeltheyarenotwellpreparedforit.Afteritthey
feelitisnotworththetour.Thenhowcanyoumakeyourtourmoreinterestingand
meaningful?Hereissomeadvice.
Firstly一Look!Certainlyweshouldlookatthesceneryverycarefully.Also,before
weleaveourhouse,weshouldfindsomebooksabouttheplaceofinterest.Weshould
firstknowsomethingabouttheplace,suchasitsgeography,itshistoryanditsfamous
people,etc.Whenwearereadyforthetour,wecanreallyunderstandtheplaceduring
ourtourevenifwedon'thavemuchtime.
Secondly一Takephotos!Whenwevisitaplaceofinterest,mostofustakea
camera.Ifyouwanttotakesomephotos,remembertochoosethemostspecial
sights.Don'tchoosethesightthatwecanseeinotherplaces.For
example,Beidaihe,QingdaoandZhuhaiarecoastal(沿海)cities.Don,tonlytake
photosofthesea.Youshouldtakesomethingelse,too.
Thirdly一Taste!Somepeopleliketobuysomefoodthattheylikemostduring
theirtours.Inmyopinion,don'tbuythefoodthatyoulikemostbecauseyoucanbuy
itinyourowncityortown.Youhadbettertastesomethingspecialintheplaceof
interest.Snacksinsomeplacesareverydelicious.Andfromaplace'ssnacks,youcan
finditsfoodculture.Sowhynottastethem?Maybeyouhavejustonechancetotasteit
inyourlife.
Fourthly——Write!Whenyouvisitaplace,youshouldtakeapenanda
notebook,soyoucanwritesomethingdown.lt'spossiblethatyoucanwriteagood
article.Later,whenyoureadit,youwillfeelthatyoucanfindthepleasureduringthe
tour.
Haveagoodtime!
1.Travellersfeeltheycan,tenjoytheirtoursfullybecause.
A.theyfeeltooexcitedbeforethetour
B.theyarenotwellpreparedforthetour
C.theydon'tliketravellinginfact
D.therearebetterplacestotravel
答案:B细节理解题。由第一段第二句可知,人们在旅游时,发现自己为此做的
准备还远远不够,因此就不能够充分享受旅行的乐趣。
2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthestatementsisnotproperduringatour?
A.Weshouldlearnsomethingabouttheplacebeforetravelling.
B.Wehadbettertakephotoswheretherearespecialsights.
C.Writesomethingduringthetourandyoucanenjoythetourmore.
D.Don'ttastefoodintheplaceofinterestinordertokeephealthy.
答案:D细节理解题。由第四段可知,作者建议游客品尝旅游地的小吃等,因此
D项的叙述是不恰当的。
3.Thetitleofthepassageisprobably.
A.TravelwithMe
B.HowtoMakeYourTourMoreInterestingandMeaningful
C.HowtoTravelwithoutProperThings
D.ItIsWorthTravellingtoStrangePlaces
答案:B主旨大意题。本文主要是作者给旅游者的几条建议,即如何使人们的
旅游有趣而有意义。
(四)
Differentweathermakespeoplefeeldifferent.ltinfluenceshealth,intelligence
(智力)andfeelings.
InAugust,itisveryhotandwetinthesouthernpartoftheUnitedStates.People
therehavehearttroubleandotherkindsofhealthproblemsduringthismonth.Inthe
NortheastandtheMiddleWest,itisveryhotatsometimesandverycoldatother
times.Peopleinthesestateshavemorehearttroubleaftertheweatherchangesin
FebruaryorMarch.
Theweathercanalsoinfluenceintelligence.Forexample,inascientificreport,IQ
ofagroupofstudentswasveiyhighwhenaverystrongwindcame,butafterthe
strongwind,theirIQwas10%below.Thewindcanhelppeoplehavemore
intelligence.Veryhotweather,ontheotherhand,canmakeitlower.Studentsinmany
schoolsoftheUnitedStatesoftengetworseonexamsinthehotmonthsoftheyear
(JulyandAugust).Weatheralsohasastronginfluenceonpeople?sfeelings.Winter
maybeabadtimefbrthinpeople.Theyusuallyfeelcoldduringthesemonths.They
mightfeelunhappyduringcoldweather.Butfatpeoplemayhaveahardtimeinhot
summer.Atabout18℃,peoplebecomestronger.
Lowairpressuremaymakepeopleforgetful.Peopleleavemorebagsonbuses
andinshopsonlow-pressuredays.Thereisa“goodweather”fbrhealth.Peoplefeel
bestatatemperatureofabout18℃.
Areyoufeelingsad,tired,forgetful,orunhappytoday?Itmaybetheweather?s
problem.
1.Whatkindofweathercanhaveabadeffectonhealth?
A.Hotandwetweather.B.Goodweather.
C.Warmweather.D.Highintelligen
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