学术交际英语课件

第三章

学术论文写作

第三章

学术论文写作

13.1标题Title3.2摘要Abstract关键词Keyword3.3引言Introduction3.4正文Body3.5结论Conclusion3.6致谢Acknowledge3.7参考目录Reference3.8附录Appendix3.9作者简介Author3.1标题Title23.1标题Title1)写作要求标题不应过长<=15word多用专业术语及关键性词汇不要使用缩略语形式和符号可根据实际需要编写副标题3.1标题32)写作常用表达（1）名词短语DesignandRealizationoftheRadioFrequencyIdentificationSystem一种无线射频识别系统的设计与实现2)写作常用表达4题目翻译对比：级联隧道二极管放大器应用的探索译1:InvestigationontheApplicationoftheCascadedTunnel-DiodeAmplifier译2：ApplicationofCascadedTunnel-DiodeAmplifierStudyof,Investigationon,Observationon等词组徒然增加题目长度，并无实际内涵。题目翻译对比：5题目翻译对比：一种基于等距线的碰撞检测算法译1:AlgorithmforDetectionofIsometric-line-basedCollision译2:Isometric-line-basedCollisionDetectionAlgorithm名词短语作前置定语或作状语可省略介词使用题目翻译对比：6

名词+of+A+介词+BTheadvantageofTDMAoverSCPCdependenceoftheoutputontheinput题目：电子望远镜对光学望远镜的优越性译：SuperiorityofElectronicTelescopestoOpticalTelescopes使标题显得地道凝练名词+of+A+介词+B7（2）动词短语和“on短语”ImprovingtheStabilityofOscillators振荡器稳定性的改进试论大型实时传输系统的可能性

“试论”如何表达？OnthePossibilityofLarge-ScaleReal-TimeTransmissionSystem（2）动词短语和“on短语”83)格式要求首字母大写，专有名词大写AnalysisofthereliabilityofbusRS485首字母大写，实词首字母大写SmallIntelligentWinderBasedonElectronicBrakingModeWithoutGearWithout的词性是？W大写的原因是？全部字母均大写PREDISTORTIONTECHNIQUEFORMICROWAVEFILTERS3)格式要求93.2摘要Abstract1)写作要求长度50words—400words用词简练组成：目的，方法，结果，意义一般在论文写作结束后写摘要3.2摘要Abst102)写作注意事项语态“大词”不用缩略语时态大量固定搭配名词表动作词汇特点开头句型连贯句型常用句型比较句型结论句型2)写作注意事项11语态人们说。。。Itissaidthat…我们发现。。。Itwasfoundthat…大家认为。。。Itisconsidered…

被动语态为主语态12例：针对片上网络映射问题，提出一种新的映射算法。Anewmappingalgorithmisproposed,aimingatthemappingproblemofnetwork-on-chip.Thispaperproposesanewmappingalgorithm,aimingat…汉语无主句英语应以被动语态表达，或考虑thispaper为主语。

例：针对片上网络映射问题，提出一种新的映射算法。13例：首先回顾了光纤通信的历史，综述了光纤通信的发展现状，接着介绍了密集波分复用的若干使能技术，最后对40Gb／s系统的若干关键技术进行了评述。Thispaperbeginswithanintroductiontothecurrentstatusofopticalfibercommunication,followedbyapresentationofsomeenablingtechnologiesofdensewavelengthdivisionmultiplexing(DWDM)andconcludeswithacommentonsomekeytechnologiesforthe40Gb/ssystem.

…beginswith…,followedby…andconcludeswith…例：首先回顾了光纤通信的历史，综述了光纤通信的发展现状，接着14时态No.1一般现在时No.2一般过去时和现在完成时例：本文讨论了。。。介绍了。。。Thispaperdiscussed…,introduced...Thispaperdiscusses…,introduces…虽然“了”，仍是时态15例：先前的研究表明。。。Previousresearchshowedthat…Previousresearchhasshownthat…说明论题的发展背景和研究趋势,“现在完成时”表示持续到撰写论文时的行文或状态例：先前的研究表明。。。16about→get→tell→enough→cheap→buy→understand→say→approximatelyobtaininformsufficientinexpensive/cost-effectivepurchaseappreciatestate词汇特点1BigWordsabout→approximatelyobtaininfo17

change→important→end→ask→use→finally→care→similar→varyvital/significantterminateinquireutilize/employ/adopt/applyeventuallycautionidenticalvaryvital/signifi18cann’t→cannotlab→laboratoryProf.→professorad→advertisement词汇特点2NoShortTermscann’t→cannot词汇特点219动词与名词做一分析[比较；研究]

makeananalysis[acomparison;astudy]做一介绍[描述；说明]

giveanintroduction[adescription;anexplanation]词汇特点3SetCollocations动词与名词词汇20

动词与名词提高质量

improvethequality提高效率

raise[increase]theefficiency提高能力

increasetheability提高认识

deepentheunderstanding动词与21

名词与介词Makeastudyof/Doaresearchon(into)Makeananalysisof/GiveanintroductiontoForthispurpose/TothisendBythismethod/InthiswayThemethodfor/Thewayofthecurrentthrough/thevoltageacrossBeabletodo/becapableofdoingBedifferentfrom/thedifferencebetween…and…Bedependenton/Beindependentof名22

nounofAprepositionBTheadvantageofA____BTheratioofA____BThedistanceofA____BThesuperiorityofA____BTheeffectofA____BovertofromtoonnounofAprepo23thepassageofA________B

thedepartureofA____B

thereactionofA____B

theinteractionofA____B

thedependenceofA_____B

throughfromtowithonthepassageofA________Bth24Translatethefollowingphrases:休息一会儿看一下放松放松词汇特点4TendtousenounsTranslatethefollowingphrase25例：本文说明了一种简单的传输过程。Thispaperillustratesasimpletransmissionprocess.Thispaperprovidesanillustrationofasimpletransmissionprocess.例：本文说明了一种简单的传输过程。26句型基本要求：1）谓语动词简单，句子其他成分复杂2）大量使用be（陈述定义）和have（叙述事物特征）3）使用不提及人的陈述句句型27摘要开头句型Thispaperdealswith/discusses/studies/presents/gives/proposes…（或者用被动语态）Thisstudyinvestigates…Thisresearchshows…摘要开头句型28例：本文对计算机原理作了简要介绍，重点放在软件开发上。Abriefintroductiontotheprincipleofcomputersisgivenwithemphasisonthedevelopmentofsoftware.Thispapergivesabriefintroductionto…,withemphasison…“本文讨论了…其重点放在…”句型：Thispaperdiscusses…withemphasison…例：本文对计算机原理作了简要介绍，重点放在软件开发上。29摘要连贯句型本文首先。。。接着。。。最后总结。。。Thispaperbeginswith…,followedby…andconcludeswith…注意衔接词的使用摘要连贯句型30例：首先介绍了用等效传输线法解析求解孔缝屏蔽效能的原理，同时在此基础上提出了求解金属接缝屏蔽效能的方法，然后通过算例验证了该方法的有效性，最后给出了该方法在实际中的应用。Thepaperfirstintroducestheanalyticalformulationfortheshieldingeffectivenessofenclosureswithaperture,andputsforwardamethodforsolvingshieldingeffectivenessofmetal-to-metalcontactseam.Thenitvalidatesthemethodbyanexampleandfinallypresentsitsapplication.例：首先介绍了用等效传输线法解析求解孔缝屏蔽效能的原理，同时31摘要比较句型Acomparisonof…with…ismade.…hasadvantagesover……incomparisonwith…摘要比较句型32摘要结论句型Itcanbeconcludedthat…Insummingup,itmaybestatedthat…Theexperimentresultsindicatethat…Theresearchsuggeststhat…Theinvestigationhasrevealedthat…Thefindingsoftheresearchhaveledtheauthortoaconclusionthat…Finally,asummaryisgivenof…摘要结论句型333)关键词Keywords反映文章主题3—8words按字母次序排列如正文有缩写形式，在该词后附上其缩写式Keywords:EnvironmentalMonitoringSystem,GeneticAnnealing,Network-on-Chip(NoC),Real-timeDataAcquisition3)关键词Keywor343.3引言Introduction(1)引言不应重复摘要或解释摘要(2)解释或定义专门术语或缩写词(3)给自己的研究一个恰如其分的评价(4)避免语言过于俗套3.3引言Introduct35引言写作句型背景写作句型Inrecentyears,therehasbeenagreatinterestin…Itisnoteworthythat…hasmadeprogress…Inmoststudiesof…,…hasbeenemphasizedwithattentionbeinggivento…Severalresearchershavetheoreticallyinvestigated…引言写作句型36提出问题时Littleliteratureisavailableon……poseaproblemofconsiderableinterestinmanyindustrialapplications.提出问题时37主题写作句型Itisimportanttostudy…Inthispaper,…isdiscussed(studied,presented,investigated,described,etc.)Theprimarygoalofthisresearchis…Thepurposeofthispaper(study,thesis,etc.)is…Theemphasisofthispaperistosurvey…Thepresentstudyisthereforefocusedon…Thispaperreportson…Thepresentworkdealsmainlywith…主题写作句型383.4正文Body1)段落主题能说明段落中心思想的内容能体现中心思想使用简洁明了的句子主题句的位置可以在开头，中间，结尾