老高考适用2023版高考英语二轮总复习第四部分高考题型组合练组合练2

组合练2Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2分，满分16分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A(2022·广西南宁市高中毕业班第一次模拟)InzonesliketheAtacama,wherewindsbringfogbutnorain,theinventionoftrapinthe1960swhichcanabsorbthatdampfromtheairhashelpedsustainsettlementsotherwisesufferingfromdrought.Fogtrapsarepolymer-mesh(聚合物网)screensinmetalframes.Asmistyairblowsthroughthem,dropsofwatergetstucktothemesh.Thoseabsorbothersuntiltheresultbreaksfreeandrunsdownthescreen,asaraindroprunsdownawindowglass,intoacollector.Atypicaltrap,witha40-square-metrecollectingarea,producesabout200litersaday.Thatisenoughtosupplyaround60peoplewithdrinkingwater.Suchacollectorcosts$1，000orso,andwilllastadecade.Asimpleidea,then.Butevensimpletechnologycanbeupgraded.AndthatisexactlywhatUrszulaStachewiczoftheAGHUniversityofScienceandTechnology,inKrakow,Poland,proposestodo.Herupgradereliesongivingthemeshaslightelectricalcharge.Theoutsideofeachthreadinameshmightbegivenoneelectricalpolarity(极性)whiletheotherpolaritymightbeburiedinsidethethread.Justasstaticelectricity(静电)willattractaballoontoawall,asurfacechargecreatedinthiswaywillattractsmallwaterdropsfromtheair.Previousattemptstodothishavecoatedthethreadswithmetal.Butthatisexpensive.AstheydescribeinACSNamo,Dr.StachewiczandherstudentDanielUrahavedoneitbychangingthewaythethreadswork,whichischeap.Dr.StachewiczandMr.Uraproposedtouseatechniquecalledelectrospinningandtheykeptexperimenting,whichresultedinmeshesabletocollect50%morewaterthancommercialversions,atnoextracostofproduction.Theyexpectsoontohaveapracticalversionwhichcanbemadeavailableforsale.Andthatwillcertainlyimprovethelivesofpeoplewhorelyfortheirsurvivalondrawingwaternotfromawell,butfromthinair.1．Whydoestheauthordiscussthefogtrapsinventedinthe1960s?A．Toshowthedifficultyoftheirupgrade.B．Toexplainthattheyarehelpful.C．Tovoicethattheyarecostly.D．Tourgeareplacementofthem.2．WhatistheideabehindUrszulaStachewiczʼupgradeintechnology?A．Chargethemeshslightly.B．Putthecollectorsinplace.C．Burythetwoelectricalpolaritiesinside.D．Coatthethreadswithmetal.3．Whatadvantagemaytheupgradedfogtrapshaveovercommercialones?A．Theyaremoreeffectiveincollectingwater.B．Theyarelessdependentonsurroundings.C．Theyarelessexpensivetoproduce.D．Theyaremorepracticalforsales.4．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．PublicInterestinFogTrapsB．TechnologyDemandedofFogTrapsC．OldFogTrapsUpgradedforMoreWaterD．TechnologySimplifiedforWater【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了Dr.Stachewicz和Mr.Ura将旧的捕雾器升级以获得更多的水。1．B推理判断题。根据第一段“InzonesliketheAtacama,wherewindsbringfogbutnorain,theinventionoftrapinthe1960swhichcanabsorbthatdampfromtheairhashelpedsustainsettlementsotherwisesufferingfromdrought.(在像阿塔卡马这样的地区，风会带来雾，但没有雨，20世纪60年代发明的捕雾器可以吸收空气中的湿气，帮助维持了原本遭受干旱的定居点。)”可知，作者讨论了20世纪60年代发明的捕雾器，以解释它们是有益的。故选B。2．A细节理解题。根据第四段“Herupgradereliesongivingthemeshaslightelectricalcharge.(她的升级依赖于给网眼带来轻微的电荷。)”可知，UrszulaStachewicz技术升级背后的想法是给网格稍微充电。故选A。3．A细节理解题。根据最后一段“Dr.StachewiczandMr.Uraproposedtouseatechniquecalledelectrospinningandtheykeptexperimenting,whichresultedinmeshesabletocollect50%morewaterthancommercialversions,atnoextracostofproduction.(斯塔赫维茨博士和乌拉先生提议使用一种叫做静电纺丝的技术，他们继续进行试验，结果是网格能够比商业版本多收集50%的水，而不需要额外的生产成本。)”可知，升级后的捕雾器在收集水方面比商业版本的更有效。故选A。4．C标题归纳题。根据最后一段“Dr.StachewiczandMr.Uraproposedtouseatechniquecalledelectrospinningandtheykeptexperimenting,whichresultedinmeshesabletocollect50%morewaterthancommercialversions,atnoextracostofproduction.Theyexpectsoontohaveapracticalversionwhichcanbemadeavailableforsale.Andthatwillcertainlyimprovethelivesofpeoplewhorelyfortheirsurvivalondrawingwaternotfromawell,butfromthinair.(斯塔赫维茨博士和乌拉先生提议使用一种叫做静电纺丝的技术，他们继续进行试验，结果是网格能够比商业版本多收集50%的水，而不需要额外的生产成本。他们希望很快就会有一个可以公开出售的实用版本。这肯定会改善那些依靠不是从水井，而是从稀薄空气中取水而生存的人的生活。)”可知，文章主要讲述了Dr.Stachewicz和Mr.Ura将旧的捕雾器升级以获得更多的水。故选C。B(2022·内蒙古包头市高三一模)WangFang,aSuzhounative,hasgivenherheartandsoultoKunquOpera.Wang,whohastwicewonthePlumPerformanceAward—Chinaʼstopawardfortheaterandoperaperformances—startedtolearnthetraditionalartformin1977.Bornwithamelodicvoice,Wanglovedtosinganddancewhenshewaslittle.Sheperformedfrequently,andwasrecruitedbytheSuzhouKunquOperaTroupe(剧团)whenshewasinmiddleschool.However,herparentsrefusedthetroupeʼsinvitation,insistingthatsheshouldconcentrateonherstudiesandnotdropoutofschool.Aftermembersofthetroupevisitedtheparentsrepeatedlyandshowedgreatsincerity，Wangʼsparentsfinallyagreed.Learningthetraditionalartformwasnevereasy.Shestartedtolearnhowtopronouncewords,singthemlyricallyandmakegesturesgently.Asanactressplayingmartialartistsrolesatfirst,shehadtospendextratimepracticingkungfumovements.Yearslater,Wangusedtheword“unimaginable”todescribehowhardthedayswerewhenshefirstlearnedKunqu.Shewassoakedinsweatwhenpracticingmovementsinsummer,whileinwintersheoftenhadchilblains(冻疮)onherhandswhentraininginshabbyclassroomswithbrokenwindows.“ButIwasyounganddeterminedatthetime.Nomatterhowdifficult,Ialwaysgotupearlythenextmorningtopractice，”Wangrecalls.WangsaysshedidnotloveKunquatfirst,butinherearly20s,whenshewatchedtheshowPeonyPavilionperformedbyZhangJiqing,amasteroftheartform,itclicked.“Iwasshocked，”Wangsays.“Hereverymovementwasfullofeleganceanddelicacy.Eachofherlinesandsongswasperfect.IwasoverwhelmedbythebeautyofKunquforthefirsttimeinmylife,andithasstayedwithmesince.”Now,WanghasherselfbecomeamasterofKunqu.Herperformanceshaveimpressedgenerationsandhelpedtopromotetheartformamongyoungpeople.5．WhydidWangʼsparentsturndownthetroupeʼsinvitationatfirst?A．TheydidnʼtthinkWanghadartistictalent.B．TheysawnofutureinlearningKunquOpera.C．TheydidnʼtwantWangtoignoreherstudies.D．Theyregardedmembersofthetroupeasinsincere.6．WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytellus?A．WanghasmadegreateffortstolearnKunquwell.B．Artistsshouldbegivenmoreattentionandcare.C．Traditionalcultureneedstobefurtherpromoted.D．WanghasplayedakeyroleinthedevelopmentofKunqu.7．WhatchangedWangʼsattitudetowardsKunquOpera?A．WinningthePlumPerformanceAward.B．JoiningtheSuzhouKunquOperaTroupe.C．WatchingZhangʼsmasterlyperformance.D．Beinggreatlyadmiredbytheaudience.8．WhatdoesWangʼsstoryshowus?A．Itisnevertoolatetolearn.B．Romewasnotbuiltinaday.C．Doingisbetterthansaying.D．Donʼtjudgeabookbyitscover.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了昆曲艺术家王芳的个人简介，以及她学习昆曲的求学之路，通过艰苦学习，最后获得梅花表演家的称号。5．C细节理解题。根据第二段“Sheperformedfrequently,andwasrecruitedbytheSuzhouKunquOperaTroupe(剧团)whenshewasinmiddleschool.However,herparentsrefusedthetroupeʼsinvitation,insistingthatsheshouldconcentrateonherstudiesandnotdropoutofschool.(在中学时，她经常参加表演，并被苏州昆曲剧团录取。然而，她的父母拒绝了剧团的邀请，坚持让她专心学习，不要辍学。)”可知，王芳的父母不想让王忽略她的学业，才会拒绝剧团的邀请。故选C。6．A主旨大意题。根据第三段“Learningthetraditionalartformwasnevereasy.(学习传统艺术从来都不容易。)”以及“Shewassoakedinsweatwhenpracticingmovementsinsummer,whileinwintersheoftenhadchilblains(冻疮)onherhandswhentraininginshabbyclassroomswithbrokenwindows.(在练习动作时，她夏天练到衣服湿透，冬天冻得手上常长冻疮。当她在破旧的教室里训练时，她的手还受伤了。)”可知，学习昆曲的过程是非常辛苦的，王芳为了学好昆曲付出了巨大的努力。故选A。7．C细节理解题。根据最后一段“WangsaysshedidnotloveKunquatfirst,butinherearly20s,whenshewatchedtheshowPeonyPavilionperformedbyZhangJiqing,amasteroftheartform,itclicked.(王说她最初不喜欢昆曲，在看到张继青表演的《牡丹亭》之后，她被深深震撼，爱上了昆曲。)”可知，王改变对昆曲的态度，是因为看到了张继青出神入化的表演，才让她对昆曲从不爱转变为喜爱。故选C。8．B推理判断题。根据第三段“Nomatterhowdifficult,Ialwaysgotupearlythenextmorningtopractice(无论有多难，我第二天早上总是早早地起床练习)”以及通读全文，进行总结概括，文章主要讲了王芳学习昆曲的艰苦历程。虽然她天生嗓音悦耳，但却中途遭到过父母的阻拦，经剧团劝说后，她才再继续学习昆曲。学习过程也十分辛苦，她经过多年的努力，最后获得两次梅花表演家的称号。因此，文章通过王芳昆曲艺术家的事例，告诉我们，做什么事，要想成功，就必须要坚持，每天都努力。正所谓，罗马不是一日建成的。故选B。Ⅱ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2022·江西省南昌市高三二模)IcametoChinainMay2009onaworkingvisafromIndiatoworkinareputedcompanyinJieyang,Guangdong.EversinceI1(come)here,IhavefeltpeacefulasthecityisnotsobiglikeShanghaiandGuangzhou,2toapersonwhoneedstimetohimself,itisagoodone.Parkshere3(equip)withexercisemachinesthatarevery4(neat)maintained.Inthiscity,therearehardlyanytrafficjams,socommutingisnoproblem.Theworkcultureis5(excellence)andnormalworkgetsdonemuchfaster.AnothernoticeablethingisthatChinesearewelldressed,goodingroupactivitiesandhavepleasantmanners.Alsoworthappreciatingarechildrenwhoarecuteandeager6(learn)—evenEnglish,whichinnearfutureperhapsmanywillbefluentin.Theypickupanyactivityquicklywithverylittletraininganddoitwith7(proud).Weallknowtheimportancegiventoinfrastructure(基础设施)inthiscountry,butmostadmirableistheattentiongiventoelders—Iamover60.Forme,8myage,languageisabarrierbutthathasnotstoppedme9(make)friends—Chineseareveryfriendlyandsupportive.Thatisonereason10Iamstillhereafter13years!【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者来到广东揭阳的一家知名公司工作的经历和感受。1．came考查时态。句意：自从我来到这里，我感到很平静，因为这个城市没有上海和广州那么大，但对于一个需要自己时间的人来说，这是一个很好的城市。since引导的时间状语从句中使用一般过去时。故填came。2．but考查连词。句意：自从我来到这里，我感到很平静，因为这个城市没有上海和广州那么大，但对于一个需要自己时间的人来说，这是一个很好的城市。上文提到“这个城市没有上海和广州那么大”，下文提到“这是一个很好的城市”，上下文之间形成转折关系，需用连词but连接。故填but。3．areequipped考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这里的公园都配备了保养得很整齐的健身器材。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语Parks和equip为被动关系，需用被动语态，且谓语动词使用复数形式。故填areequipped。4．neatly考查副词。句意：这里的公园都配备了保养得很整齐的健身器材。修饰动词aremaintained需用副词作状语。故填neatly。5．excellent考查形容词。句意：这里的工作文化非常优秀，正常的工作可以更快地完成。is为系动词，后面需用形容词作表语。故填excellent。6．tolearn考查非谓语动词。句意：同样值得欣赏的是那些可爱又渴望学习的孩子——甚至是英语，也许在不久的将来，许多孩子会流利地说英语。beeagertodosth.为固定短语，意为“渴望做某事”。故填tolearn。7．pride考查名词。句意：他们几乎不需要训练就能很快掌握任何活动，而且还很自豪。withpride为固定短语，意为“骄傲地”。故填pride。8．at考查介词。句意：对我来说，在我这个年龄，语言是一个障碍，但这并没有阻止我交朋友——中国人非常友好和支持我。atoneʼsage为固定短语，意为“在……年龄”。故填at。9．making考查非谓语动词。句意：对我来说，在我这个年龄，语言是一个障碍，但这并没有阻止我交朋友——中国人非常友好和支持我。stopsb.(from)doingsth.为固定短语，意为“阻止某人做某事”。故填making。10．why考查定语从句。句意：这就是为什么13年后我还在这里的原因之一！空处引导定语从句，先行词onereason，在定语从句中作原因状语，需用关系副词why引导。故填why。Ⅲ.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在其下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从11处起)不计分。(2022·河南省豫北名校联盟高三第三次模拟)Halfayearhaspassedsincemylastyearintheseniorhighschoolstart.Iwanttotellyouhowmylifehasbeensofar.Becausethecomingfinalexam,Icertainlyhaveatightschedule.Inordertokeephealth,Isetasidethirtyminuteeverydaytoexercise.Facedwithdifficultiesinmystudy,ItrymybesttodohowIcandotoimprovemygradesandavoidmakemistakes.Mygoalistostudypoliticsinmydreamuniversity,whichcallsforaplentyofdevotionandgivesmethemotivationtomoveon.SuchismylifeinGrade3,toughlybutpleasant.ItismydreamwhichpushesmeaheadbutIʼmsureIwilleventuallyrealizeit.【答案】Halfayearhaspassedsincemylastyearintheseniorhighschooleq\o(start,\s\do10(started)).Iwanttotellyouhowmylifehasbeensofar.Becauseeq\o(∧,\s\do10(of))thecomingfinalexam,Icertainlyhaveatightschedule.Inordertokeepeq\o(health,\s\do10(healthy))，Isetasidethirtyeq\o(minute,\s\do10(minutes))everydaytoexercise.Facedwithdifficultiesinmystudy,Itrymybesttodoeq\o(how,\s\do10(what))Icandotoimprovemygradesandavoideq\o(make,\s\do10(making))mistakes.Mygoalistostudypoliticsinmydreamuniversity,whichcallsforaplentyofdevotionandgivesmethemotivationtomoveon.SuchismylifeinGrade3,eq\o(toughly,\s\do10(tough))butpleasant.Itismydreameq\o(which,\s\do10(that))pushesmeaheadeq\o(but,\s\do10(and))IʼmsureIwilleventuallyrealizeit.【解析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者高中最后一年开学后的学习生活。1．考查时态。句意：从我高中最后一年开学到现在已经过了半年了。since“自从”，其后句子用一般过去时。故将start改为started。2．考查固定短语。句意：因为即将到来的期末考试，我的日程安排很紧。because“因为”，其后跟句子；becauseof“因为”，其后跟名词或名词短语，本句中thecomingfinalexam为名词短语，所以because后加of。故Because后加of。3．考查形容词。句意：为了保持健康，我每天留出30分钟锻炼。keephealthy“保持健康”。故将health改为healthy。4．考查名词的数。句意：为了保持健康，我每天留出30分钟锻炼。minute“分钟”为可数名词，被thirty修饰应用复数形式。故将minute改为minutes。5．考查名词性从句。句意：面对学习上的困难，我尽最大努力提高我的成绩，避免犯错误。分析句子结构可知，toimprove...为目的状语，todo后的内容为宾语从句，从句意义为我能做的事情，所以用连接代词what。故将how改为what。6．考查非谓语动词。句意：面对学习上的困难，我尽最大努力提高我的成绩，避免犯错误。avoiddoingsth.“避免做某事”，