七年制医学课件耳鼻喉6气管、支气管异物

Foreignbodiesinthetracheaandbronchi气管、支气管异物Foreignbodiesinthe11、Preface(概论）

(1)Oneofthethreeemergentdiseases（三大急重症之一）(2)Oftenhappenedinchildren:90%（小儿多见）(3)Oftenhappenedintherightbronchus

（右侧支气管多见）1、Preface(概论）2气管、支气管示意图气管、支气管示意图32、Etiology（病因学）(1)ill-developmentoftheteethinchildren（小儿牙齿发育不全）(2)ill-developmentoftheprotectivefunctioninthethroat喉部保护功能不健全）(3)thestateofcomaorgeneralaneasthesia（昏迷或全身麻醉）(4)medicalincidents(医源性因素)2、Etiology（病因学）(1)ill-deve4Foreignbody,rightbronchusForeignbody,rightbronchus5Foreignbody,metaltoy,leftbronchusForeignbody,metaltoy,left6Foreignbody,rightbronchusForeignbody,rightbronchus7Foreignbody,leftmainbronchusForeignbody,leftmainbronch8Foreignbody,leftbronchusForeignbody,leftbronchus93、Pathology(1)Vegetablebronchitis（植物性支气管炎）(2)Incompleteobstruction（不完全阻塞）-----Pulmonaryemphysema（肺气肿）(3)Completeobstruction(完全阻塞)-----Obstructiveatelectasis(阻塞性肺不张)3、Pathology(1)Vegetablebronc10七年制医学课件耳鼻喉6气管、支气管异物11七年制医学课件耳鼻喉6气管、支气管异物124、ClinicalAppearance（临床表现）(1)异物进入期Spamodicchockingandcoughingoftenwithcyanosis(阵发性呛咳、咳嗽伴窒息)(2)

无症状间歇期Symptomlessinterval(3)刺激或炎症期Inflamationandobstruction

（4）并发症期complications炎症---脓胸、脓肿4、ClinicalAppearance（临床表现）(1)135、Diagnosis（诊断）

(1)Historyofinhaledforeignbodies（误吸异物史）(2)Examination（检查）A、PE(physicalexamination)（体格检查）B、X-ray:Pneumonia(肺炎)

Atelectusis(肺不张)Emphysema(肺气肿)---------mediastinumshift(纵隔摆动)C、Bronchoscopy(支气管镜检查)Themostdependentablewaytodiagnosis5、Diagnosis（诊断）(1