地下水修复详解课件

Groundwaterremediation地下水修复Contents123IntroductionPhysicalRemediationChemicalRemediation4Bioremediation5Combinedremediation6DiscussionandSummary1.IntroductionReasonsforGroundwaterpollutionIndustrialwastewaterdischargedContaminatedsurfacewaterinvadesundergroundaquifer

pollutedwater1.IntroductionComponentsinthepollutedgroundwaterPhenol（酚）

chromium（铬）

mercury（汞）arsenic（砷）radioactivesubstances（放射性物质）bacteriaandorganicmattersAsyoubrew,somustyoudrinkNOWATER!NOFood!NOLife!1.IntroductionClassificationof

groundwaterremediationtechnologyPhysicalmethodChemicalmethodBiologicalmethod（Bioremediation）Combinedremediationtechnology

Physicalremediation

(物理修复技术)AirSparging(AS)(曝气修复技术）

ElectrokineticRemediation(ER)(电动修复技术）12SectionheaderSectionheaderSectionheaderSectionheaderDefinitionAirSparging，AS(曝气修复技术）Airsparging(AS)isaninnovativegroundwaterremediationtechnologywhichhasbeenfirstlyusedinGermanyinthemiddle1980storemovevolatileorganiccompounds(VOCs).(挥发性有机物）Becauseofitspropertiesofin-situ,efficiencyandeconomy,AShasbecominganimportanttechnologytoremediateorganicpollution.ASsystemDefinitionSectionheaderSectionheaderSectionheaderSystemTwoProcesses:Aeration曝气:Airisinjectedintothesaturatedzonebelowornearacontaminantplume.Masstransfer传质

:

Astheairrisetothesurface,dissolvedandnonaquousphaseorganicchemicalsvolatilizeintotheairandareremovedfromthegroundwater.（挥发、迁移扩散、生物降解）HydrogeologicalcharacteristicsofgroundwaterAerationoperatingcharacteristicsaerationpatternsComponentsandnatureofpollutantsSectionheaderSectionheaderAdvantagesSectionheaderSectionheader

AdvantagesandinfluencingfactorssimpleequipmenteasytooperateShorttreatment

timeandhighspeed（1-3years）SmallinvestmentSectionheaderSectionheaderSectionheaderresearchSectionheaderKeytechniqueresearch:ThreeapproachesareemployedintheexistingmodelstopredictthefatesofVOCsinthegasandliquidphasesduringairspargingofgroundwaterinthesaturatezone.

(AS多相流动过程中气液流动以及污染物传质过程的模型研究是AS技术的关键因素)Models:Lumpedparametermodels（集中参数模型）multiphasefluidflowmodels（分布式多相流流动模型）ResearchSituationsSectionheaderSectionheaderSectionheaderSectionheaderdefinitionERisanenvironment-friendlyandhighlyefficientin-situtechniquethatmakeuseofelectrokinesistoremovethepollutantsfromthesoilandgroundwater.电动修复技术是利用电动效应将污染物从土壤和地下水中去除的原位修复技术。ElectrokineticRemediation

（电动修复）

BeingusedtoremovetheheavymetalssuchasArsenic(砷）、cadmium（镉）、chromium（铬）、mercury（汞）、lead（铅）.Theremovalefficiency：80%～95%.References[1]FANWei，YANGYuesuo，CHENLi.Progressinairspargingforgroundwaterremediationtechnique[J].Waterresourcesprotection.[2]HULi-ming,LIUYi.Physicalmodelingofair-spargingtechniqueforgroundwaterremediation[J].ChineseJournalofGeotechnicalEngineering.[3]SUNHUI.Technologyofelectrodynamicrenovationofheavy–metalpollutedgroundwater[J].[4]HUHong-tao.ExperimentoncombinedelectrokineticremediationwithPRBofcadmiumcontaminatedgroundwater[J].ChineseJournalofEnvironmentalEngineering.

principle:makeuseofthetechnologyofchemistrytheoryin-situchemicaloxidation，IS-COorganicclaymethodelectro-chemicalpowerremediationtechnologyChemicalremediationtechnology

In-situchemicaloxidation，IS-COchlorinedioxideoxidationoxidizeorganicpollutants，andnochloroformandorganochlorineyieldFentonagentoxidationworkcooporatingwithhydrogenperoxide，efficientlyandquickly.

potassiumpermanganateoxidation（高锰酸钾氧化）appliedinawiderangeofpHozone-gasoxidationstrongeroxidbillity，socanoxidizemacromoleculesoforganic

polycyclicmatter.

In-situchemicaloxidation，IS-CODiagramofin-situchemicaloxidationDigramofin-situairinjectionmethodOrganicclaytechnologyPrinciple:theclaycontainedinsoilandwatercarrierandsurfactantthatisinjectedinundergroundcancomeintobeingorganicclaymineral,whichcanadsorbandstableorganicpollutants,andwillremovegroundwatercontaminationcoordinatingwithbiodegradation.DigramoforganicclaytechnologyElectro-chemicalpowerremediationtechnologyAnewtechnologymakinguseofthepropertiesofsoilandelectrodnamicsofpollutioncanremedytheenviroment.Principle:insertelectrodesintopollutedwaterandthentheywillgenerateelectricfieldafterchargedelectricity.Electricfieldwilldriveionsandparticlestotheareathattheywillbetreated.Digramofthemechanism

ofelectrodynamicsCharacteristicsofthreekindsofchemicalmethods

技术名称优点缺点原位化学氧化法适用于处理难生物降解的有机污染物；处理时间较短、能耗较低且安装过程较简便可能破坏生态环境、处理成本较高有机粘土法原理简单，易操作、成本低、吸附效果好；固定污染物效果明显；永久消除地下水污染对初期生物降解速率比较缓慢电化学动力修复技术不对当地土壤结构和地下所处的生态境产生影响；投资少、效率高；安装操作容易；不受当地水文地质条件限制适用于污染范围较小的区域；对吸附性不强的有机污染物修复效果不会太理想BioremediatiointechnologyPrinciple:Itchangestoxicorganicstonon-toxicorganicsbyorganisms（plants、animalsandprotozoans）culturedornaturally.Themainmethodisin-situbioremediationtechnology.ThetechnologyusuallytreatsthepollutedwaterinzoneofsaturationundergroundAdvantagesinsitumeasurement,lowcostOrganicmatterisdecomposedintocarbondioxideandwater,nosecondarypollution;ThedegradationprocessisquickImpactFactorCarbonandenergysourceMicrobialspeciesLocalmicrobial（土著微生物）、

Foreignmicroorganisms（外来微生物）、

Geneticallyengineeredbacteria（基因工程菌）ElectronacceptorDOisakeyfactorintheinsitubioremediationprocessunderaerobicconditions（好氧条件，DO是关键因素）

NutrientsN,P,Sandmetalelements,aminoacids,vitaminsandsoon。营养物质N、P、S和金属元素，氨基酸、维生素等Environmentalfactorstemperature,pH,salinity,etc环境因素温度、PH、盐度等DiagramofBiologicalinjectionCombinedremediationtechnologyPermeableReactiveBarrier渗透性反应屏修复技术，简称PRB技术Pump-and-Treat抽出-处理技术airsparging-soilvaporextraction注气-土壤气相抽提技术,简称SVE技术PermeableReactiveBarrierThepermeablereactivebarriers(Permeablereactivebarriers,PRB)isafilledwithactivereactionmediumpassivereactionzone,pollutantbyreactionwithmediumadsorptionsedimentationfiltrationdegradationandremovalfromgroundwater.AccordingtostatisticsintheUnitedStatesonlyin200150unitswerebuiltinPRB,Germanyhassetup9PRB.IntheChinesePRBtechnologyresearchhasjuststarted,theoriginalityoftheresearch.PermeableReactiveBarrierTherearepromising,butthedevelopmenttimeisnotlong,technologyisnotmatureenough,processingavarietyofcontaminantsisstillverylimited.Broadapplicationprospects,butsofar,Chinahasyettousethistechniquetoperformon-sitewastewatertreatmentpump-and-treatsystemsToday,pump-and-treatsystemsarenolongerconsideredthebestormostpopularchoiceamonggroundwaterremediationsystemsbecauseofthetimerequiredtoachievecleanupgoalsandtheineffectivenessofthesystemButtheyarestilluseful,especiallyinareaswithsignificantcontamination(Moyersetal.,1997;IllangasekareandReible,2001;Bayeretal.,2002)pump-and-treatsystemsPump-and-treatsystemscanbedesignedtomeettwodifferentobjectives:

preventthecontaminantfromspreading

removethecontaminantmass(Suthersan,1997;IllangasekareandReible,2001;Bayeretal.,2002)P&T在处理各类污染物应用的频率P&Tintreatmentoftrichloroethyleneremovalratecanreach90%,significanteffect,iscurrentlythemainmethodoftreatmentoftrichloroethylenesoilvaporextractionSVEtechnologyistheuseofphysicalmethodsforremovingunsaturatedorganiccompoundsinthesoil,vacuumequipmenttogeneratenegativepressuretodriveairtoflowintotheporesofthesoil,thusentrainingVOCflowextractionsystem,extractiontothegroundafterthecollectionandprocessing.Itisanewkindofsoilinsituremediationtechnology,becauseofitspetroleumcontaminatedsoilandgroundwatermanagementeffectivenessandextensivesex,makeitbecomeakindofstandardofenvironmentalremediationtechnologies.soilvaporextractionSVErepaireffectofinfluencingfactorsSoilPermeability土壤的渗透性soilmoistureandgroundwaterdepth土壤湿度及地下水深度soilstructureandstratification土壤结构和分层vaporextractionflowandDarcyvelocity气相抽提流量和Darcy流速steampressureandtemperature蒸汽压和环境温度张蕾5、DiscussionandSummarysomeheavymetalwillcausephysicaldiseaseMostotherorganicpollutantscancausecancer,teratogenesis,mutation.Urbansewageandwasteleachatecontainaloto