新概念英语二册超详讲义笔记Lesson86Outofcontrol失控

Lesson86Outofcontrol失控【Newwordsandexpressions】（11）swing v.转向speedboat n.快艇desperately adv.绝望地panion n.同伙，伙伴waterski （由快艇牵引水橇）滑水buoy n.浮标dismay n.沮丧tremendous adj.巨大的petrol n.汽油drift v.漂动，漂流gently adv.缓慢地，轻轻地★swingv.转向v.转向，突然转向；转变方向，转变思想（swingswungswung)eg.Iwantedtoswingroundandshoutathim.我想转身向他吼叫。Thatbicyclewillswingaroundthecorner.那辆自行车在转弯处转弯。It’simpossibletoswingacarinsuchanarrowpathlikethis.在这么狭窄的小路上不可能调转方向的。noroomtoswingacat无转身之地，过于狭窄=noenoughroomtoswingacat摆动，使摆动eg.It’sbadmannerstoswingyourlegswhileeating.吃饭的时候晃腿是不礼貌的。Themonkeyisswingingitselffromtreetotree.猴子从一棵树晃到另一棵树。n.摆动，振动eg.Theswingoftheshipmakesmesick.船的晃动使我恶心。n.秋千eg.Therearesomeswingsinthepark.公园里有一些秋千。getonaswing上秋千swingshift中班工人（美口语）★speedboat n.快艇speedwayn.（美）高速公路；赛车跑道speedn.速度，速率eg.runatfullspeed全速奔跑ataspeedof40milesanhour以每小时40英里的速度atspeed以高速speedyadj.快速的，及时的eg.aspeedyreply及时的回答★desperately adv.绝望地adv.绝望地，不顾一切地，情急地eg.Hesaiddesperatelythattheopposingteamwastoostrongforus.他绝望地说对手对我们来说太强大了。adv.极度地eg.Hewasdesperatelybusy.他极度地繁忙。desperateadj.不顾一切的，亡命的eg.makedesperateeffortstodosth.拼命地努力要做某事Thedesperatethiefshotatthepoliceman.那个亡命的窃贼向警察开枪。adj.悲观的，几乎没有希望的eg.Herillnessisdesperate,butnothopeless.她的病不乐观，但并不是毫无希望。adj.渴望的，很渴望的bedesperateforsth.渴望某事物bedesperatetodosth.渴望做某事eg.Hewasdesperateforfame.他渴望名望。Heisdesperatetopasstheentranceexam.他渴望能通过入学考试。★panion n.同伙，伙伴n.同伴，伙伴eg.Badpanionscanleadyoungpeopleastray.青年交了坏朋友可能会误入歧途。apanioninarms战友alifelongpanion毕生的伙伴n.旅伴eg.Ihadagoodpanionwhiletraveling.旅行时我有个好的旅伴。看护妇（受雇陪伴老妇或病人的妇女）eg.ahospitalpanion医院的护工★waterski （由快艇牵引水橇）滑水skin.v.滑雪eg.goskiing去滑雪skaten.v.滑冰eg.goskating去滑冰★buoy n.浮标，救生圈eg.lifebuoy救生圈buoyancyn.浮力；乐观的性情buoyantadj.乐观的，轻松愉快的buoyantlyadv.有浮力地，轻快地★dismay n.沮丧n.沮丧，惊慌，胆怯indismay=withdismay惊慌地，胆怯地toone’sdismay使人惊慌的是（通常置于句首）v.使惊慌，使胆怯bedismayedat对某事惊慌eg.Shewasdismayedatthenews.听到这个消息他非常惊慌。★tremendous adj.（大小、数量、程度）惊人的，巨大的eg.atremendousexplosion可怕的爆炸声atremendouseffort惊人的努力Heranatatremendousspeed.他以惊人的速度奔跑。tremendouslyadv.非常地，极大地eg.Theexamwastremendouslydifficult.这个考试极其地难。★petrol n.汽油（英式英语）gas=gasoline汽车（美式英语）eg.petrolstation加油站=gasstation=fillingstation(美语)petroleumn.石油petro岩石oleum油★drift v.漂动，漂流v.漂流，漂动eg.Theraftwasdriftingdowntheriver.那艘小筏子顺着河漂流。Thewinddriftedtheboattowardtheshore.风使小船漂向了岸边。n.漂流，漂移eg.thedriftofaniceberg冰山的漂移thedriftofpopulationfromcountrytocity农村人口向城市转移的趋势n.漂流物eg.bigdriftsofsnow吹积成的大雪堆adriftofdeadleaves吹积成的枯叶堆driftwoodn.漂木★gently adv.缓慢地，轻轻地adv.轻轻地，和缓地，缓慢地eg.Handletheglasswaregently.小心地处理玻璃气皿。(2)adv.温柔地Shespokegentlytothefrightenedchild.她温柔地和那个吓坏的孩子说话。gentleadj.温柔的，和善的eg.Heisaverygentleperson.他是个非常和善的人。Mothersarealwaysgentlewiththeirbabies.母亲对婴儿总是很温柔的。adj.和缓的/mildeg.speakinagentlevoice用和缓的语调说话agentleslope和缓的斜坡adj.驯服的agentlehorse驯服的马asgentleasalamb像羊羔一样温顺【Text】Asthemantriedtoswingthespeedboatround,thesteeringwheelcameawayinhishands.Hewaveddesperatelytohispanion,whohadbeenwaterskiingforthelastfifteenminutes.Bothmenhadhardlyhadtimetorealizewhatwashappeningwhentheywerethrownviolentlyintothesea.Thespeedboathadstruckabuoy,butitcontinuedtomoveveryquicklyacrossthewater.Bothmenhadjustbeguntoswimtowardstheshore,whentheynoticedwithdismaythatthespeedboatwasmovinginacircle.Itnowcamestraighttowardsthemattremendousspeed.Inlessthanaminute,itroaredpastthemonlyafewfeetaway.Afterithadpassed,theyswamonasquicklyastheycouldbecausetheyknewthattheboatwouldsoonreturn.Theyhadjusthadenoughtimetoswimoutofdangerwhentheboatagainpletedacircle.Onthisoccasion,however,ithadsloweddownconsiderably.Thepetrolhadnearlyallbeenusedup.Beforelong,thenoisedroppedpletelyandtheboatbegantodriftgentlyacrossthewater.参考译文当那人试图让快艇转弯时，方向盘脱手了。他绝望地向他的伙伴挥手，他的伙伴在过去的15分钟里一直在滑水。他们两个还没来得及意识到究竟发生了什么事情，就被猛地抛入了海里。快艇撞上了一个浮标，但它仍在水面上快速行驶着。两个人刚开始向岸边游去，就突然惊愕地发现快艇正在转着圈行驶，它现在正以惊人的速度直冲他们驶来。不到1分钟的工夫，它从离他们只有几英尺远的地方呼啸着驶了过去。快艇过去之后，他们以最快的速度向前游去，因为他们知道快艇马上就要转回来。他们刚刚来得及游出危险区，快艇就又转完了一圈。然而这一次它的速度慢多了。汽油几乎已经用光。没过多久，噪音便彻底消失，快艇开始在水面上慢悠悠地漂流。【课文讲解】1、Outofcontroloutof失去，欠缺eg.Weareoutofbread.Hehasbeenoutofworkfortwomonths.Theplanegotoutofcontrolandcrashedinthemountains.2、Asthemantriedtoswingthespeedboatround,thesteeringwheelcameawayinhishands.as引导时间状语从句steeringwheel方向盘steerv.掌舵，驾驶eg.Hecarefullysteeredhiscararoundthecorner.他小心地驾驶车子绕过那个拐角。steeraship驾驶船steersmenn.舵手eaway掉下，脱落eg.WhenItriedtoliftthesuitcase,thehandlecameaway.当我试图提起箱子的时候，柄掉了下来。3、Hewaveddesperatelytohispanion,whohadbeenwaterskiingforthelastfifteenminutes.wavetosb.向某人挥手whohadbeenwaterskiingforthelast15minutes是个who引导的非限定性定语从句forthelast+一段时间（通常搭配完成时态）4、Bothmenhadhardlyhadtimetorealizewhatwashappeningwhentheywerethrownviolentlyintothesea.whatwashappening是个宾语从句，作动词realize的宾语hardly…when一…就…（hardly是个否定词，当否定词提前，句子需要部分倒装。）eg.Hardlyhadwegotintothecountrywhenitbegantorain.=Wehadhardlygotintothecountrywhenitbegantorain.我们一到乡下就下雨了。bethrowninto被抛进，被扔进5、Thespeedboathadstruckabuoy,butitcontinuedtomoveveryquicklyacrossthewater.across是个介词，表示穿过水面6、Bothmenhadjustbeguntoswimtowardstheshore,whentheynoticedwithdismaythatthespeedboatwasmovinginacircle.withdismay惊愕地thatthespeedboatwasmovinginacircle的that从句作notice的宾语从句7、Itnowcamestraighttowardsthemattremendousspeed.etowards朝着来straightadv.笔直，径直eg.gostraight直走；改邪归正keepstraighton一直往前走lookstraightup仰看正上方estraighttothepoint一语说出问题的核心attremendousspeed以惊人的速度eg.atfullspeed以全速8、Inlessthanaminute,itroaredpastthemonlyafewfeetaway.inlessthanaminute不到一分钟inlessthan不及eg.inlessthannotime一会儿，立刻roarv.(猛兽)吼叫，咆哮eg.Lionswereroaringinthedistance.狮子在远处吼叫着。v.大声喊叫，吵嚷eg.Thepatientroaredwithpain.病人疼得大叫起来。Theaudienceroaredwithlaughteratthejoke.对这个笑话观众们轰然大笑。v.轰鸣，呼啸eg.Thetruckroaredpast.卡车轰隆隆地驶了过去。Thethunderroared.雷声隆隆。roaroneselfhoarse喊哑了嗓子settheroominaroar引出满堂哄然大笑setthetableinaroar引得满桌哄然大笑9、Afterithadpassed,theyswamonasquicklyastheycouldbecausetheyknewthattheboatwouldsoonreturn.passv.经过（passedpassed）pastprep.经过10、Theyhadjusthadenoughtimetoswimoutofdangerwhentheboatagainpletedacircle.enoughadv.足够地（修饰形容词，放在形容词之后）eg.Yourworkisnotgoodenough.你的工作不够好。Imissedthetrainthismorning.Ididn’tgetupearlyenough.今天早上我没赶上火车，我起得不够早。adj.足够的（修饰名词，放在名词之前）eg.Ididn’tbuyenoughsugar.我没买足够的糖。Thereareenoughflowersinthatvase.花瓶里的花够多的。fairlyadv.相当，非常（修饰形容词，放在形容词之前）eg.Georgeisafairlytallpersonbutstillnottallenoughtogetintothepoliceforce.乔治身材相当高，但要加入警察部队还不够高。Iknewhe’safairlygoodplayer,buthedoesn’tplaywellenoughtogetintotheteam.我知道他是个相当好的队员，但是他球还打得不够好还不能参加球队。11、Onthisoccasion,however,ithadsloweddownconsiderably.onthisoccasion这一次slowdown慢下来considerablyadv.很，颇，相当considerableadj.很，可观的，相当的eg.aconsiderabledifference明显的差别adj.重要的eg.aconsiderableman一个要人considerateadj.体贴的，考虑周到的eg.beconsiderateof体贴的，周到的12、Thepetrolhadnearlyallbeenusedup.useup用尽，耗尽（常用被动语态）eg.Thesoldierswereusedupafterthelongbattle.漫长的战斗之后，战士们耗尽了体力。use的常见短语：eg.bringsth.intouse(n.)启用eintouse投入使用eg.putershaveeintouseintheclass.这个班开始使用计算机了。makeuseof利用eg.Youshouldmakethebestuseofthischance.你该充分利用这次机会。HemadeuseofhisfreetimetolearnFrench.他利用闲暇时间学法语。13、Beforelong,thenoisedroppedpletelyandtheboatbegantodriftgentlyacrossthewater.beforelong不久drop渐渐消失【KeyStructures】过去完成时：had+done过去完成进行时：hadbeendoing【SpecialDifficulties】EnoughandFairlyenough表示“足够”，用在形容词或副词之后，有