新概念英语二册超详讲义笔记Lesson71Afamousclock一个著名的大钟

Lesson71Afamousclock一个著名的大钟【Newwordsandexpressions】（9）parliament n.议会，国会erect v.建起accurate adj.准确的official n.官员，行政人员Greenwich n.格林尼治observatory n.天文台check v.检查microphone n.扩音器，麦克风tower n.塔parliament n.议会，国会（英）congress议会，国会（美）eg.memberofparliament(MP)（英）国会议员congressman(美)国会男议员congresswoman(美)国会女议员erect v.建起（1）v.建起，建造=setup=putup=buildeg.Theyareplanningtoerectamonument.他们正在计划建一个纪念碑。（2）v.竖立，使直立eg.erectaflagpole竖立旗杆erectatent搭起帐篷elect选举erupt爆发，（火山）喷发accurate adj.准确无误的反义词：ineg.anaccurateclock精确的钟表anaccuratemap精确的地图accuratefigures准确的数字anaccuratereport正确的报导Isyourwatchaccurate?你的表准吗?Heisaccurateinhisjudgement.他的判断准确无误。Heisaccurateatfigures.他的计算准确无误。tobeaccurate正确的说accuratelyadv.精确地，准确地accuracyn.[u]精确，准确inaccuracyn.不精确，不准确eg.Ibegantodoubttheaccuracyofhisstatement.我开始怀疑他陈述的准确性。 withaccuracy=accurately正确地official n.官员，行政人员（1）n.官员，行政人员eg.governmentofficials政府官员apublicofficial公务员acityofficial市政府官员（2）adj.官方的，公务（上）的；正式的eg.anofficialresidence官邸anofficialduty公务Thestatementisnotofficial.这个声明是非正式的。officiallyadv.官方地，正式地officen.办公室officern.官员，军官Greenwich n.格林尼治(伦敦交区，由此开始计算经度)GreenwichMeanTime(GMT)GreenwichObservatory格林尼治天文台sandwich三明治sandwichgeneration上有老，下有小的一代observatory n.天文台check v.检查(1)v.检查，查核，核对eg.havetheclockchecked找人检查大钟checkthecopyagainsttheoriginal将副本与正本核对一下Theinspectorcheckedmytickets.查票员检查我的票Let’scheckyouranswers.让我们检查你的答案。Pleasecheckonthenamesattheinformationdesk.请到服务台查对一下姓名。(2)v.阻止，抑制住，制止eg.Weshouldcheckthespreadofthedisease.我们应该抑制住疾病的蔓延。checkin（旅馆）入住登记checkout付账离开checkout付款处（尤指超市）checklist点名册(3)n.查核，核对，检查eg.anenginecheck引擎检查makeacheckonthequality检查品质(4)n.(美)支票（英cheque）eg.Writeachequefor10,000dollars.开一张1万美元的支票。checkbook支票簿(5)n.格子eg.checkpattern格子图案microphone n.扩音器，麦克风micro前缀微小的microeconomy微观经济microbiology微生物学macro前缀宏大的macroeconomy宏观经济tower n.塔n.塔eg.towerblock塔楼，高层建筑watertower水塔theEiffelTower艾菲尔铁塔theToweroflondon伦敦塔aclocktower钟楼atelevisiontower电视塔v.高耸，超越eg.Thehighmountainstoweredoverthevillage.高山耸立，俯视着村庄。【Text】WhenyouvisitLondon,oneofthefirstthingsyouwillseeisBigBen,thefamousclockwhichcanbeheardallovertheworldontheB.B.C.IftheHousesofParliamenthadnotbeenburneddownin1834,thegreatclockwouldneverhavebeenerected.BigBentakesitsnamefromSirBenjaminHallwhowasresponsibleforthemakingoftheclockwhenthenewHousesofParliamentwerebeingbuilt.Itisnotonlyofimmensesize,butisextremelyaccurateaswell.OfficialsfromGreenwichObservatoryhavetheclockcheckedtwiceaday.OntheB.B.C.youcanheartheclockwhenitisactuallystrikingbecausemicrophonesareconnectedtotheclocktower.BigBenhasrarelygonewrong.Once,however,itfailedtogivethecorrecttime.Apainterwhohadbeenworkingonthetowerhungapotofpaintononeofthehandsandsloweditdown!参考译文当你游览伦敦时，首先看到的东西之一就是“大本”钟，即那座从英国广播公司的广播中全世界都可以听到它的声音的著名大钟。如果不是国会大厦在1834年被焚毁的话，这座大钟永远也不会建造。“大本”钟得名于本杰明.霍尔爵士，因为当建造新的国会大厦时，他负责建造大钟。此钟不仅外型巨大，而且走时也非常准确。格林尼治天文台的官员们每天两次派人矫正此钟。当大钟打点的时候，你可以从英国广播公司的广播中听到，因为钟塔上接了麦克风。“大本”钟很多出差错。然而有一次，它却把时间报错。在钟塔上干活的一位油漆工把一只油漆桶挂在了一根指针上，把钟弄慢了！【课文讲解】1、WhenyouvisitLondon,oneofthefirstthingsyouwillseeisBigBen,thefamousclockwhichcanbeheardallovertheworldontheB.B.C.youwillsee是个定语从句修饰thingsthefamousclock是个同位语是个定语从句，修饰clocktheB.B.C.=BritishBroadcastingCorporation英国广播公司2、IftheHousesofParliamenthadnotbeenburneddownin1834,thegreatclockwouldneverhavebeenerected.本句是if条件句，对过去时作相反假设theHousesofParliament国会大厦（英国议会是由上议院（HouseofLords）和下议院（Houseofmons）组成）burndown（使）烧成平地，烧毁eg.Thehospitalwasburneddownlastmonth.3、BigBentakesitsnamefromSirBenjaminHallwhowasresponsibleforthemakingoftheclockwhenthenewHousesofParliamentwerebeingbuilt.takeone’snamefrom以……命名nameeg.inthenameof以…名义makeanameforoneself扬名namesb.todosth.指名（某人）去做某事Sir用于英国人的全名（或名字）之前时表示“爵士”（不单独用于姓之前），如SirJohnGilbert（约翰.吉尔伯特爵士）或SirJohn（约翰爵士），但不能称为SirGilbert。whowasreponsibleforthemakingoftheclock定语从句修饰SirBenjaminHallberesponsiblefor对……需负责任/承担责任的=beinchargeofeg.Whoisresponsiblefortheaccident?Johnisresponsibleforthebuildingofthebridge.ing形式前面无冠词时可直接跟宾语：makingtheclock；ing前有冠词时则其后不能直接跟宾语，而必须用of：themakingoftheclock。4、Itisnotonlyofimmensesize,butisextremelyaccurateaswell.tobeof+n.表示人或物的特征eg.Thisdiamondisofgreatvalue.这颗钻石极其贵重。Youradviceisofgreatimportance.你的意见极其重要。immenseadj.巨大的，极大的，广大的eg.animmensebuilding巨大的建筑(体积上的)animmenseterritory巨大的领土（面积上的）Themanleftanimmensefortune.这人留下一大笔财富。（数量上的）adj.(口)绝妙的，极好的eg.Thatplaywasanimmensesuccess.那出戏是个巨大的成功。notonly…but…aswell不但…，而且…=notonly…butalso5、OfficialsfromGreenwichObservatoryhavetheclockcheckedtwiceaday.officialn.公务员adj.官方的havetheclockchecked派人校正这个钟havesth.done派人做…，请人做…twiceaday每天两次onceaday每天一次onceaweek每周一次6、OntheB.B.C.youcanheartheclockwhenitisactuallystrikingbecausemicrophonesareconnectedtotheclocktower.beconnectedto把…与…连接(被动语态)=beconnectedwithconnect…to…把…与…连接(主动语态)=connect…with…connect+n.(将)转接给…，连接beconnectedwith与…有（亲戚）关系7、BigBenhasrarelygonewrong.wrongadv.eg.gowrong（机器等）发生故障，出毛病adv.失败，不好，不顺利eg.Everythingwentwronginthosedays.那些日子一切都不顺利。adv.错误地，不正确地eg.Heansweredwrong.他答错了。Ihavespelthernamewrong.我把她名字拼错了。adj.错误的，不正确的eg.wrongnumber错误的数字Somethingiswrongwith…某事出错了n.不正当的行为，坏事eg.beinthewrong不对，错了doapersonwrong虐待、冤枉某人=dowrongtoaperson8、Once,however,itfailedtogivethecorrecttime.failtodo没能做某事9、Apainterwhohadbeenworkingonthetowerhungapotofpaintononeofthehandsandsloweditdown!hang(hung–hung)v.悬挂，吊eg.Shehungcurtainsoverthewindow她在窗上挂了窗帘。Apictureishungonthewall.墙上挂了一幅画。v.处（人）绞刑，上吊（hanged–hanged）eg.Themurdererwashanged.谋杀犯被绞死了。Hehangedhimself.他上吊自杀了。apotof一锅hand针thesecondhand秒针，二手的theminutehand分针thehourhand时针slowdown（使……）慢下来/减速（可分开使用）（slowv.使减速）aslowtrain慢车（slowadj.缓慢的）ataslowpace以缓慢的步伐aslowpupil理解力差的学生eg.Slowandsteadywinstherace.欲速则不达。=Slowbutsteadywinstherace.【KeyStructures】过去完成进行时构成：had+been+doing含义：Theplaneshadbeenplantingseedfornearlyamonthwhenitbegantorain.到下雨为止，已经拨种整整一个月了。与过去事实相反的虚拟语气eg.IftheBritishhadnotfearedinvasion,itwouldhavebeenpleted.要是当时英国人不是害怕侵略的话，隧道早就完工了。情态动词must必须（主观）haveto不得不（客观）oughtto应该shoulddo应该shouldhavedone本应该做某事oughttohavedone一定做过某事=musthavedone现在分词、动名词的被动语态构成：being+d