2016跨考考研英语词汇串讲基础

[真题例句]Howwellthepredictionswillbevalidatedbylaterperformancedependsupontheamountreliabilityappropriatenessoftheinformationusedandontheskillandwisdomwithwhichitisinterpreted.[1995年翻译[真题例句Theflightfromovercrowdednessaffectsthemigrationfromsnowbelttomorebearableclimates.[1998年阅[真题例句Twoanthropologist-linguistsFranzBoasEdwardSapir,werepioneersindescribingmanynativelanguagesofNorthandSouthAmericaduringthefirsthalfofthetwentiethcentury.[2004年翻译] [真题例句]45.Straitfordismostproudof [B]nonconformist [B][真题例句Quebec’sresistancetoanationalagencyisprovincialistideology.[2005年新题型][例句精译]魁北克省拒绝加入全国性代理机构是出于地方主义思想。environmentalistenvironmentalist[真题例句Ravitch’slatestbook,LeftBack:ACenturyofFailedSchoolReforms,tracestherootsanti-intellectualism(②inourschools,concludingtheyareanythingbutacounterbalancetotheAmericandistasteforintellectualpursuits.Buttheycouldandshouldbe.[2004年阅读4][例句精译]莱维西最新著作《回顾：一百年来学校改革的失败》探索学校里反知识主义倾向的根源，书中的结[真题例句Thus,thingsoncelearnedsubconsciouslythroughthecasualcommunicationsoftheextendedfamilymustbeconsciouslylearned.[1995年阅读3] 真题例句]Forexample,theydonotcompensateforgrosssocialinequality,andthusdonottellhowableunderprivilegedyoungstermighthavebeenhadhegrownupundermorefavorablecircumstances.[1995年翻译[真题例句Searchforexaggerationandunderstatements.[2002年阅读1][例句精译]留意夸张和打折扣的话。[真题例句Itidentifiestheundertreatmentofpainandtheaggressiveuseofineffectualandforcedmedicalproceduresthatmayprolongandevendishonortheperiodofdying”asthetwinproblemsofend-of-lifecare.[2002年阅读4][例句精译报告指出了医院临终关怀护理中存在的两个问题：对病痛处理不力和大胆使用“无效而强制性的医疗 WhatdoestheauthorthinkofItissecondtoItevolvesfromcommonItistobeItunderliespower.Suchbehaviourisregardedasalltoohuman,”withtheunderlyingassumptionthatotheranimalswouldnotbecapableofthisfinelydevelopedsenseofgrievance.[2005年阅读1] [真题例句Heexperimentedwithantibacterialsubstancesfornineyearsbeforehemadehisdiscovery.[1994年阅读5][例句精译]他（亚历山大·弗莱明爵士）是对抗菌物质进行了长达9年的实验才有了这项发明。]Later,thisideabecametobeknownastheSapir-Whorfhypothesis,butthistermis] [真题例句Multinationalcorporationsaccountedforlessthan20%ofinternationaltradein1982.Todaythefiguremorethan25andgrowingrapidly.[2001年阅读] 真题例句]Ifthepreoccupationofschoolswithacademicworkwaslessened,moretimemightbespentteachingchildrensurervalues.[1995年阅读4][真题例句ManyinthesecountriesarelookingatthisprocessandworryingWon’tthewaveofbusinessconcentrationturnintoanuncontrollableanti-competitiveforce?”[2001年阅读4][例句精译这些国家的许多人面对这个浪潮开始忧虑：“企业合并的浪潮会不会变成一股不可控制的反竞争的力unpredictability[ˌʌnprɪˈdɪktəbility][真题例句Unpredictabilityispartoftheessentialnatureofresearch.[1999年阅读5][例句精译]不可预测性是科学研究不可缺少的一个重要特征。 [真题例句Thegoalofallwillbetotrytoexplaintoaconfusedandoftenunenlightenedcitizenrythattherearenottwoequallyvalidscientifictheoriesfortheoriginandevolutionofuniverseandlife.[1996年阅读5][例句精译]所有这些书的目的是试图告诉那些迷惑而且常常是还不开通的人：就宇宙和生命的起源与发展问题 [真题例句Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?[2004年阅读[D]Puttingthingsalphabeticallymayleadtounintentionalbias.] [真题例句WritingfortheNationalImmigrationForumGregoryRodriguezreportsthattoday’simmigrationisneitheratunprecedentedlevelnorresistanttoassimilation.[2006年阅读1][例句精译格雷戈里.罗德里格兹在《国家移民论坛》中写到，今天的移民既没有达到空前绝后的水平也没有能 [真题例句Anyonecanseethistrendisunsustainable.Yetfewseemwillingtotrytoreverseit.[2003年阅读4][例句精译]任何人都明白这个趋势不可能维持下去，但是很少有人愿意扭转它。 astoryaboutthepresidentinordertowintheThisnewreformcouldsupportthesafetynettohelp badAbyDemocraticSenatorRobertByrdofWestVirginiaisAact[ækt]①行动，做事；②（on）起作用，基于；③表演；④（for）代表，代替；n.①行为，动作；②（一）【真题例句】Governmentsthroughouttheworldact(v.②)ontheassumptionthatthewelfareoftheirpeopledependslargelyontheeconomicstrengthandwealthofthecommunity.[2000年翻译]【真题例句】Thepaidmanageracting(v.)forthecompanywasinmoredirectrelationwiththemenandtheirdemands,butevenhehadseldomthatfamiliarpersonalknowledgeoftheworkmenwhichtheemployerhadoftenhadunderthemorepatriarchalsystemoftheoldfamilybusinessnowpassingaway.[1996年阅读3]【真题例句】ThecommercialTVchannels—ITVandChannel4—wererequiredbytheThatcherGovernment’sBroadcastingAct(n.③)tobecomemorecommercial,competingwitheachotherforadvertisers,andcuttingcostsandaddressaddressDependingonwhomyouareaddressingv.②theproblemswillbedifferent.[2002年阅读【真题例句】BostonGlobereporterChrisReidynotesthatthesituationwillimproveonlywhenthereare(17comprehensive)programsthataddress(v.③themanyneedsofthehomeless.[2006年完形【例】Thesecretaryisverycarefulandneveroverlooksanylittleantihuman[ˌæntiˈhju:mən]antiwar[ˈæntiˈwɔ:]【例】Don’tjudgeapersonbyone’sappearance.apparent[əˈpærənt]【例】Itwasapparentthatheknewnothingabouthowtorepair【例】apparentcause【例】Wemustappointanewteacheratoncetothemountain【例】Shecompletelydisregardedour【例】Youcan'tregardhimasafriendbutabusiness【例】Ihavenothingtosaywithregardtoyour【例】Iwrotealettertomywiferegardingmydaughter'sregardless【例】Hesayswhathethinksregardlessofallofpeople's【例】Hisscandaldisgracedhisdivorcediffuse【例】Adropmilkdiffusedinthe【例】Theyconfusedmebyaskingsomany【例】Iwasconfusedbyallthediscard[disˈkɑ:d]soluble[ˈsɔljubl]【例】Thesetabletsaresolublein【例】Thisistheonlypracticalsolution【例】Heresolvedongoingresolute【例】Hisencouragementandsupportstrengthenedour【例】Allthoseinfavoroftheresolutionshouldraisetheir【例】Theydistributedbookstostudents.【例】Davidattributedhiscompany'ssuccesstotheunityofallthe【例】Canyoudistinguishbetweenthosetwo【例】Theyoungofficerdistinguishedhimselfmanytimesinthedistinct【例】Thesetwosuggestionsarequitedistinctfromeach【例】Thereisadistinctimprovementinyour【例】Adistinctionshouldbemadebetweentheprimaryandsecondaryextinct[iksˈtiŋkt]【例】Someofthespeciesofbirdsaredegeneratedeprive[diˈpraiv]deprivesb.of【例】deprivehimofhiscivilderive【例】Manyenglishwordsderivedfromdevote【例】devotehislifetohelpingtheunion[ˈju:njən]【例】theunionbetweenthetwoparties；studentunique【例】uniqueopportunityuniverse[ˈju:nivə:s] Universityof medical monotonous[məˈnɔtənəs]=mono+ton（tone）+monologue[ˈmɔnəlɔɡ]=mono+monopoly[məˈnɔpəli]=mono+bicycle【例】Theglassofthebottlecanbebimonthlybilingualcombine【例】Thetwocountriescombinedtofightagainsttheircommondormitory[ˈdɔ:mitri=dorm（sleep）Itory（地点，场所territory[ˈteritəri]=terr（earth）+I+laboratory[ləˈbɔrətəri]=labor+candidate[ˈkændidit]advocate[ˈædvəkeit]secretary[ˈsekrətəri]=secret+【例】Beethoveniscontemporarywithattitude【例】Attitudeismultitude【例】Thereareamultitudeofreasonsagainstpurifysimplify['s beautify['bj unify['jun classify['klæsfa rectify['r translate[træns'let] 【例】Thelasercanemitbeams. turbine[ˈtə:bin] [dis'tə:bvt.打扰,使焦虑, [pə'tə:bvt.使烦恼,perfect[ˈpə:fikt] 【例】England,scotlandandwalescomposetheislandofgreat【例】Ourskinisexposedtotheduce=leadduce=leadreduce[riˈdju:s]seduce[siˈdju:s=se+duce（lead）produce[prəˈdju:s=pro（forward）+duce（lead） n.管道，导管 cide=cutcide=cutdecide词以类记 pesticide[ˈpestisaid]suicide【例】commit innovationrenovateautomatic[ˌɔ:təˈmætik]自动化的，automation [riˈvə:s=re（again）+versev.a.converse['kɔnvə:sa.相反的,adverse['ædvə:s]a.不利的,相反的，有害的，逆的引申adapt universeversatile引申mobile rejecteject[iˈdʒekt]projector[prəˈdʒektə]inject[inˈdʒekt]object[ˈɔbdʒikt]=ob（=against）+【例】Theparentsareunwillingtosubjecttheirchildrentotheunhappinessoftelegraph[ˈtelɪˌgræf]=tele＋graphtelescope[ˈteliskəup]=telescope（范围television[ˈteliˌviʒən]=television（图象【例】astatesmanwithgreatvisual[ˈviʒuəl]【例】visualeffectvisible[ˈvizəbl]invisiblesupervisevisit[ˈvizit]telephone[ˈtelifəun]=tele+microphonestereophonesymphony[ˈsimfəni]=sym（same）phon（sound）ysympathy[ˈsimpəθi]=sym+path（感情）+y symmetry['simitri]vacant【例】vacantposthotelroomparking【搭配】on【例】Thevillagewasevacuatedbecauseofthefluent【例】Shecanspeakfluentinfluence[ˈinfluəns]fluctuatedescribeprescribe[priˈskraib]inscribe[ɪn'skraɪb]【例】Thesubscriberyoudialisbusynow,pleaseredialmanuscript【例】coordinatewithmovementsin【例】Oureffortsneedtobefurthercoordinatedforhigher【例】Alltheotherissuesaresubordinatetothis【例】Hesubordinatedhiswishestothegeneralgoodofthecapital[ˈkæpitl]captain[ˈkæptin]capture[ˈkæptʃə]captive['kæptɪv]escape[isˈkeip]【例】Thecompanywasnotcapableofhandlingsuchabig【例】Shehasgreatcapacityoflearning【例】Ateamofnursesassistedthedoctorsinperformingtheresist【例】resisttemptationinfection/resistant【例】resistanttothesocialresistance【例】theresistancetothe [ˌɪrɪˈzɪstəbəl][inˈsist]=in+[pəˈsist]=per（through）+【例】Theboyinsistedontakingthecaseforthe【例】Asacollegestudent,weshouldpersistindoingphysicalexercisesinordertokeepahealthyOurclassiscomposedof100students.Ourclassismadeupof100students.Ourclassconsistsof100students.include[inˈklu:d]exclude[ɪk'sklud]conclude[kənˈklu:d]【例】Heconcludedhislecturewithafunnyexclusive【例】Thebathroomisexclusivetotherupture【例】theruptureofthebloodvessel【例】theruptureofthefriendlyrelationsbetweenthetwocountrieserupt[iˈrʌpt]=e（out）+bankrupt【例】Thecompanywentbankruptduringtheeconomic 注意【例】Terrupt[ˌɪntəˈrʌpt=interrupt]+abruptcorrupt[kəˈrʌpt]=cor+【例】ThepornographyspreadbytheInternethascorruptedthemindsoftheyoungpeople.由网络传播的色情腐蚀着tractorattract【例】Hisnewbookhasattractedalotofpublicattention.distract【例】Thestudentsaredistractedbythenoiseoutside.abstract[ˈæbstrækt]=abs（=ab=off）+tractcontract[kənˈtrækt]extract【例】extracttheherbalsubtractaffectaffection【例】haveanaffectionforsbeffect[iˈfekt=ef（out）fect（do）affect=haveaneffecton【例】Smokinghasaneffectonourhealth.infect【例】Heinfectedthewholeclasswithhisenthusiasm.infectious[inˈfekʃəs]=in+fect（do）+defect[diˈfekt]=de+magnificent[mæɡˈnifisənt]=magn（big）+I+fic+magnifier[ˈmæɡnifaiə]significant[siɡˈnifikənt]=sign（标记，标志）Ific【例】asignificantartificial[ˌɑ:tiˈfiʃəl]=art（艺术）Ificsacrifice[ˈsækrifais]=sacr（神圣）Ific（do）esacred神圣的sufficient[səˈfiʃənt]=suf（超过）fic（do）Iefficient【例】anefficientdeficient【例】bedeficientinproficient【例】beproficientat+【例】Thebossassignseachofusatask.老板给我们每个人分配了一份工作。【例】assignhimtoanewpost【例】assignment[əˈsainmənt]Leg=lawLeg=lawlegal[ˈli:ɡəl]legislator[ˈledʒɪˌsleɪtə]legislation[ˌledʒisˈleiʃən]privilege[ˈprivilidʒ]=priv（private）Ileg（law）e-私人的法律-“特权”logical[ˈlɔdʒikəl]“有逻辑的”，illogical“没有逻辑的”literate[ˈlitərit=liter（letter）at“识字的，有文化的”illiterate[ɪˈlɪtərɪt]“不识字的，没有文化的”+]vocal[ˈvəukəl]【例】vocalmusicvocation[vəʊˈkeɪʃən]【例】evokememoriesofthepast【例】sole【例】Severalvillageshavebeenisolatedbythefloods一场洪水下来，很多村庄都与外界隔绝了。词根sol还表示太阳，如solarenergy太阳能collectivismmaterialism[məˈtɪəri:əˌlɪzəmidealismgress=cessgress=cess=ced=ceed=congress[ˈkɔŋɡres]=con（together）+gress（go）aggressive[əˈɡresiv]aggressionregress[rɪˈgres]access[ˈækses]ac（to）+【例】Theonlyaccesstothefarmhouseisacrossthefield.唯一能够来到这个农场的途径是穿过这片田野。Accessisdenied禁止进入。haveaccessto有途径（接触，使用，接近【例】Thepoorchildrenshouldhaveaccesstothegoodlibrary.【例】newprocessformakingsteelexcess[ˈekses]=ex（out）+【例】Thereisanexcessofviolenceinthisfilm【例】Employersmadeconcessionstotheworkersinnegotiation.这些雇主在与工人的谈判中做出了让步。同义词compromise[ˈkɔmprəmaiz]=com（together）+promiseprecede[ˌpriˈsi:d]=pre+【例】Theflashoflightningprecededthesoundofthunder.]precedent[ˈpresidənt]=pre（之前）ced（go）recede[riˈsi:d]=re（back）+例：Thetiderecededtothedistance.潮水退向了远方。同义regress【例】Theprojectisproceedingaccordingtotheplan.【例】Theresultofthecompetitionexceededourexpectation.比试的结果超过了我们的预期值。引申exceedingly非常，及其，过分地=very]【例】adversecircumstances逆境，theadverseeffectsofthedruguniverse[ˈju:nivə:s]=uni（唯一）+vers（turn）+e“宇宙”version++【例】reversethesheetofthepaper]++【例】Somepeoplethinkthisreportwoulddestroythereputation;conversely,itwillgiveusalotoffreepublication.有]annual[ˈænjuəlannualreportincomeproduction//avert[əˈvə:ta（=ab=off偏离）vert“防止，避免（事故”同义词avoid]vert（turnadvent[ˈædvənt]=ad（to）+【例】Withtheadventofcomputerthereisanessentialchangeinourdailylife.随着电脑的到来，我们的生活发生了invent[inˈvent]=in+ventprevent[priˈvent]=pre+convention[kənˈvenʃən]=con（together）+ven+tion”vent（come【例】themostimportanteventsinintervene[ˌɪntəˈvi:n]=inter（相互）vene动词“插嘴,]【例】Nothingventures,nothingadventurenounce（speak联想professconfessconfession【例】Theyannouncedtheirdateofweddingtothepublic.他们向公众宣布了结婚日期nounce（speak【例】denouncesbasacowardclaim=cryclaim=cry声称/claim[kleimn/v声称，要求，【例】Hemadeaclaimontheinsuranceafterthehousefire.火灾过后，他根据自己的权利向保险公司提出了索赔的【例】proclaimthefoundationofChina+【例】Sheexclaimedindelightwhenshesawthepresent.claim（cry【例】reclaimanareafromtheseabattledebate[diˈbeit=de（强调）bat（打++fender[ˈfendə]“挡泥板,【例】Offenceisthebestdefence.exit[ˈeksit]t=ex（out）+visit[ˈvizit]=vis（see）+initiate[iˈniʃieit=in（内部）it（go）Iate动词“开始,开启,【例】initiateasocialreform发动一个社会改革。其形容词为initial“最初的”【例】Theinitialtalkformthebasisoflateragreement.最初的谈话形成了后来协议的基础。其副词为initially“最初，开始”【例】Initially,IopposedtheprojectbutlaterIchangedmyminds.开始时我反对这项计划，但是后我改变了主]++【例】thetransitionfromchildhoodtoadultduration[djuəˈreiʃəndurable[ˈdjuərəbl]=dur（持续）able【例】durablematerialendure[inˈdjuə]【例】TheyenduretremendoushardshipduringtheirjourneytotheSouthPole.他们在去南极的路途中忍受了巨大的expense[iksˈpens]“花费，消费，消耗（普通用语”expenditure[iksˈpenditʃə]“花费，消耗（正式用语”pension[ˈpenʃən]“养老金，抚恤金”indispensable[ˌɪndisˈpensəbl]=indispens（money）ableimpressive[imˈpresiv]=im+press+ive+【例】Whenbusinessisdepressed,thereisusuallyanobviousincreaseinunemployment.经济萧条时经常会有一个明express[iksˈpres]suppress[səˈpres]=sup（=sub，向下）press（向下压制下来）1suppressarebellion平定叛乱memorize[ˈmeməraiz]+++composition【例】thechemicalcompositionofthesoilcomponent[kəmˈpəunənt]“组成部分，元件，部件（强调东西本身【例】thecomponentsofacamera+【例】Hisfatheropposedhisplantoworkabroad.他父亲反对他出国读书的计划。opponent[əˈpəunənt]=op（against）pon（put）ent（人expose[ɪkˈspəʊz]=ex（out）+pose（put）曝光，暴露disposal“处理”，thedisposaloftheproperty财产的处理+propose[prəˈpəuz]=pro（forward）pose（put）提议，建议名词proposal++【例】compositepicturebyallthechildrenintheclassopposite[ˈɔpəzit=op（against）posite（put）1oppositedirection相反的方向construct[kənˈstrʌkt]=con（together）+struct（build）destruct[disˈtrʌkʃən]=de（down）+struct（build）instruct[ɪnˈstrʌktə]=in+struct（build）]+]+plex（fold1acomplexsystemtheorysubject//其名词为complexity“复杂（性++【例】Thepoliticalsituationwascom