webservice五种发布方式与客户端调用

...wd......wd......wd...WebService四种发布方式总结Author:yczhangCXF方式CXF与spring搭建webservice是目前最流行的方式，但是传闻cxf与jdk1.5有些不兼容，我没有遇到过，我遇到的问题是cxf与was6.1.1不兼容，表现在cxf必须的jar包“wsdl4j-1.6.2.jar〞报错，报的错为：java.lang.IncompatibleClassChangeError，明显的jar包不兼容问题，很是头痛，后来查找资料找到解决方法是，将上述jar包新建一个was共享库，可以解决，但是客户周经理不想用此种方式，因为需要修改was，于是改用了axis2方式，下文会介绍。该问题在此处做个记录，以后使用cxf与was的时候需要注意！！！使用cxf+spring搭建WebService：第一步，添加jar包。此处需要注意，不同环境〔tomcat、was〕jar也不一定一样，例如我本地cxf+spring只需要如下jar包：而泰康的was环境则需要如下jar包：明显的多了很多，原因应该是服务器jar包池的不同。根据错误提示缺什么补什么就可以了，注意jar包勿重复。第二步，配置web.xml文件，如下〔重要的地方已标记〕：<context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:/applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener><listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!--CharacterEncodingfilter--> <filter> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <servlet><servlet-name>CXFServlet</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet</servlet-class><load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>CXFServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/webservice/*</url-pattern></servlet-mapping>上述标记的地方，第一处是spring配置文件路径；第二出是wsdl地址内容；第三步，编写接口类与实现类，注意注解接口类@WebServicepublicinterfaceSendService{ publicbooleansendOA(@WebParam(name="param")Stringparam); publicbooleansendOrg(OrgEntityorg);}实现类@WebService(endpointInterface="com.service.SendService",serviceName="sendService")publicclassSendServiceImplimplementsSendService{ publicbooleansendOA(Stringparam){ System.out.println("-------sendOA---------param:"+param); if(param.equals("zhoujian")){ returntrue; } returnfalse; } publicbooleansendOrg(OrgEntityorg){ System.out.println("-------sendOrg--begin-------"); returntrue; }}第四步，Spring配置文件<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns=":///schema/beans" xmlns:xsi=":///2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p=":///schema/p" xmlns:jaxws=":///jaxws"xsi:schemaLocation=" :///schema/beans :///schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd :///jaxws :///schemas/jaxws.xsd"> <importresource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf.xml"/> <importresource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf-extension-soap.xml"/> <importresource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf-servlet.xml"/> <jaxws:endpointid="sendServie"implementor="com.service.impl.SendServiceImpl" address="/sendServie"/> <!--<jaxws:clientid="sendServiceClient"serviceClass="com.service.SendService" address="://1:9080/Wb/webservice/sendServie?wsdl"/>--></beans>“jaxws:client〞该标签可以不必写，访问时可以手动拼接该url第五步，发布，直接部署到服务器，访问：://1:9080/Wb/webservice/sendServie?wsdlXfire方式据说xfire方式已经很老了，但个人感觉，xfire方式很简单且容易配置，不知为啥过时了，也没感觉cxf、axis2哪里先进，我当时卡在cxf与was搞不定时想尝试xfire方式被周经理给拒绝了。Xfire方式发布webservice：第一步，添加jar包，如下：第二步，修改web.xml文件<servlet><servlet-name>XFireServlet</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.codehaus.xfire.transport..XFireConfigurableServlet</servlet-class><load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>XFireServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/services/*</url-pattern></servlet-mapping>第三步，编写接口类接口类：publicabstractinterfaceIBankingService{ publicabstractStringtransferFunds(StringparamString1);}实现类：publicclassBankingServiceimplementsIBankingService{publicStringtransferFunds(StringfromAccount){returnfromAccount+":ok";}}第四步，编写services.xml配置文件在WEB-INF目录下新建目录META-INF，在该目录下新建文件夹xfire，该目录下新建文件services.xml<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?><beansxmlns=":///config/1.0"> <service> <name>Banking</name> <namespace>mybank</namespace> <serviceClass> com.mybank.xfire.example.IBankingService </serviceClass> <implementationClass> com.mybank.xfire.impl.BankingService </implementationClass> </service></beans>第五步，发布，部署到服务器，访问url:://localhost:9080/Xfire/services/Banking?wsdlAXIS2方式Axis2发布WebService有两种方式，其一是利用axis2插件打成aar包放到axis_war里面部署到服务器发布；其二是不打包发布〔本例〕；我不清楚打包发布有什么好处，感觉很麻烦工程外还得部署一个war，现在介绍第二种不打包的方式，类似xfire，同时由于cxf与was不兼容导致wsdl.jar报错，但是xfire与axis2也用到wsdl.jar却不报错，我个人也是很费解，泰康工程目前使用的就是axis2方式。Axis2发布WebService：第一步，添加jar包，如下：很多是吧，不过都是从axis.war里面WEB-INF下的lib目录复制来的。第二步，修改web.xml文件<servlet><servlet-name>AxisServlet</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.apache.axis2.transport..AxisServlet</servlet-class><load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>AxisServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/services/*</url-pattern></servlet-mapping>第三步，编写实现类publicclassServiceImpl{ publicStringsayHello(Stringname){ System.out.println("================"); return"hello:"+name; }}第四步，增加WEN-INF内容将axis.war解压下的WEN-INF文件夹内的conf、modules复制到工程WEB-INF下第五步，在WEB-INF下创立文件夹services〔名字不可改〕，在该目录下创立文件夹〔名称随意〕，在该目录下创立文件夹META-INF〔名称不可改〕，在该目录下创立文件services.xml〔名称不可改〕，该文件内容为：<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?><servicename="axisDemo"><description>WebService例子</description><parametername="ServiceClass">com.ServiceImpl</parameter><messageReceivers><messageReceivermep=":///2004/08/wsdl/in-out"class="org.apache.axis2.rpc.receivers.RPCMessageReceiver"/><messageReceivermep=":///2004/08/wsdl/in-only"class="org.apache.axis2.rpc.receivers.RPCInOnlyMessageReceiver"/></messageReceivers></service>第六步，部署到服务器，发布URL为：://localhost:9080/Axis2Test/services/axisDemo?wsdlAXIS1方式同上，不知道AXIS1哪里不好，配置也很简单，如下：第一步，添加jar包第二步，修改web.xml<servlet><servlet-name>AxisServlet</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.apache.axis.transport..AxisServlet</servlet-class></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>AxisServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/services/*</url-pattern></servlet-mapping>第三步，实现类与实体类实现类：packagecom;publicclassAxis{ publicStringsayHello(Stringname){ System.out.println("============:"+name); return"hi:"+name; } publicStringsayHelloToUser(Useru){ System.out.println("============:"+u.getId()); System.out.println("============:"+u.getPath()); System.out.println("============:"+u.getAdd()); return"hi:"+u.getName(); }}实体类：packagecom;publicclassUser{ privateStringid; privateStringname; privateStringadd; privateStringpath;gettersetter……方法第四步，创立配置文件：在WEB-INF下新建文件“server-config.wsdd〞<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?><deploymentxmlns=":///axis/wsdd/"xmlns:java=":///axis/wsdd/providers/java"><!--globalConfiguration标签内容为系统默认无需更改<globalConfiguration><parametername="adminPassword"value="admin"/><parametername="attachments.Directory"value="./attachments"/><parametername="attachments.implementation"value="org.apache.axis.attachments.AttachmentsImpl"/><parametername="sendXsiTypes"value="true"/><parametername="sendMultiRefs"value="true"/><parametername="sendXMLDeclaration"value="true"/><parametername="axis.sendMinimizedElements"value="true"/><requestFlow><handlertype="java:org.apache.axis.handlers.JWSHandler"><parametername="scope"value="session"/></handler><handlertype="java:org.apache.axis.handlers.JWSHandler"><parametername="scope"value="request"/><parametername="extension"value=".jwr"/></handler></requestFlow></globalConfiguration><handlername="LocalResponder"type="java:org.apache.axis.transport.local.LocalResponder"/><handlername="URLMapper"type="java:org.apache.axis.handlers..URLMapper"/><handlername="Authenticate"type="java:org.apache.axis.handlers.SimpleAuthenticationHandler"/><!—service标签是需要配置的-<!—name是url中需要的参数-<servicename="axisTest"provider="java:RPC"><!—allowedMethods的value值是方法名可以写*-<parametername="allowedMethods"value="*"/><!—className的value值是类路径-<parametername="className"value="com.Axis"/><!—wsdlTargetNamespace的wsdl文件中TargetNamespace的值-<parametername="wsdlTargetNamespace"value="://service.impl.tdi.taikang.tivoli.ibm/"/><!—此处很重要，假设方法需要传实体类，则配置此处-<beanMappingqname="myNS:User"xmlns:myNS="urn:BeanService"languageSpecificType="java:com.User"/></service><!—默认-<transportname=""><requestFlow><handlertype="URLMapper"/><handlertype="java:org.apache.axis.handlers..AuthHandler"/></requestFlow></transport><transportname="local"><responseFlow><handlertype="LocalResponder"/></responseFlow></transport></deployment>第五步，部署，同上。CLIENT方式cilent属于一种比拟简单的实现方式我们将WebService发布在Tomcat或者其他应用服务器上后，有很多方法可以调用该WebService，常用的有两种：1、通过浏览器调用，返回标准的XML文件内容

2、通过客户端程序调用，返回结果可自定义格式

接下来，我利用Eclipse作为开发工具，演示一个client调用WebService的简单例如步骤如下：准备工作：用到的jar包有：下载链接〔:///detail/lanxuezaipiao/5354480〕第一步：新建JavaProject，工程名称为CallWebService第二步：将所需jar包导入到库中第三步：编写调用class，这里有两种方式调用，即GET方式和POST方式，由于POST方式较安全，故这里采用POST方式调用；请求数据的构造也有两种方式：静态和动态构造，下面分别介绍这两种方式：注：这里以E邮宝开放的webservice接口为例调用其中一个API函数，而E邮宝的webservice基于SOAP，故请求数据为SOAP格式，大家可根据自己情况进展修改。静态构造请求数据：packagecom.;importjava.io.ByteArrayInputStream;importjava.io.IOException;importjava.io.InputStream;importorg.apachemons.client.Client;importorg.apachemons.client.Exception;importorg.apachemons.client.methods.InputStreamRequestEntity;importorg.apachemons.client.methods.PostMethod;importorg.apachemons.client.methods.RequestEntity;publicclassStaticclientCall{/***@paramargs*@throwsIOException*@throwsException*/publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args)throwsException,IOException{//TODOAuto-generatedmethodstubStringsoapRequestData="<?xmlversion=\"1.0\"encoding=\"utf-8\"?>"+"<soap12:Envelopexmlns:xsi=\":///2001/XMLSchema-instance\""+"xmlns:xsd=\":///2001/XMLSchema\""+"xmlns:soap12=\":///2003/05/soap-envelope\">"+"<soap12:Body>"+"<GetAPACShippingPackagexmlns=\":///\">"+"<GetAPACShippingPackageRequest>"+"<TrackCode>123</TrackCode>"+"<Version>123</Version>"+"<APIDevUserID>123</APIDevUserID>"+"<APIPassword>123</APIPassword>"+"<APISellerUserID>123</APISellerUserID>"+"<MessageID>123</MessageID>"+"</GetAPACShippingPackageRequest>"+"</GetAPACShippingPackage>"+"</soap12:Body>"+"</soap12:Envelope>";System.out.println(soapRequestData);PostMethodpostMethod=newPostMethod(":///v3/orderservice.asmx?wsdl");//然后把Soap请求数据添加到PostMethod中byte[]b=soapRequestData.getBytes("utf-8");InputStreamis=newByteArrayInputStream(b,0,b.length);RequestEntityre=newInputStreamRequestEntity(is,b.length,"application/soap+xml;charset=utf-8");postMethod.setRequestEntity(re);//最后生成一个Client对象，并发出postMethod请求ClientClient=newClient();intstatusCode=Client.executeMethod(postMethod);if(statusCode==200){System.out.println("调用成功！");StringsoapResponseData=postMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();System.out.println(soapResponseData);}else{System.out.println("调用失败！错误码："+statusCode);}}}动态构造数据：packagecom.;importjava.io.ByteArrayInputStream;importjava.io.InputStream;importjava.util.HashMap;importjava.util.Map;importjava.util.Set;importorg.apachemons.client.Client;importorg.apachemons.client.methods.InputStreamRequestEntity;importorg.apachemons.client.methods.PostMethod;importorg.apachemons.client.methods.RequestEntity;//动态构造调用串，灵活性更大publicclassDynamicclientCall{privateStringnamespace;privateStringmethodName;privateStringwsdlLocation;privateStringsoapResponseData;publicDynamicclientCall(Stringnamespace,StringmethodName,StringwsdlLocation){space=namespace;this.methodName=methodName;this.wsdlLocation=wsdlLocation;}privateintinvoke(Map<String,String>patameterMap)throwsException{PostMethodpostMethod=newPostMethod(wsdlLocation);StringsoapRequestData=buildRequestData(patameterMap);byte[]bytes=soapRequestData.getBytes("utf-8");InputStreaminputStream=newByteArrayInputStream(bytes,0,bytes.length);RequestEntityrequestEntity=newInputStreamRequestEntity(inputStream,bytes.length,"application/soap+xml;charset=utf-8");postMethod.setRequestEntity(requestEntity);ClientClient=newClient();intstatusCode=Client.executeMethod(postMethod);soapResponseData=postMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();returnstatusCode;}privateStringbuildRequestData(Map<String,String>patameterMap){StringBuffersoapRequestData=newStringBuffer();soapRequestData.append("<?xmlversion=\"1.0\"encoding=\"utf-8\"?>");soapRequestData.append("<soap12:Envelopexmlns:xsi=\":///2001/XMLSchema-instance\""+"xmlns:xsd=\":///2001/XMLSchema\""+"xmlns:soap12=\":///2003/05/soap-envelope\">");soapRequestData.append("<soap12:Body>");soapRequestData.append("<"+methodName+"xmlns=\""+namespace+"\">");soapRequestData.append("<"+methodName+"Request>");Set<String>nameSet=patameterMap.keySet();for(Stringname:nameSet){soapRequestData.append("<"+name+">"+patameterMap.get(name)+"</"+name+">");}soapRequestData.append("</"+methodName+"Request>");soapRequestData.append("</"+methodName+">");soapRequestData.append("</soap12:Body>");soapRequestData.append("</soap12:Envelope>");returnsoapRequestData.toString();}/***@paramargs*@throwsException*/publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args)throwsException{//TODOAuto-generatedmethodstubDynamicclientCalldynamicclientCall=newDynamicclientCall(":///","GetAPACShippingPackage",":///v3/orderservice.asmx?wsdl");Map<String,String>patameterMap=newHashMap<String,String>();patameterMap.put("TrackCode","123");patameterMap.put("Version","123");patameterMap.put("APIDevUserID","123");patameterMap.put("APIPassword","123");patameterMap.put("APISellerUserID","123");patameterMap.put("MessageID","123");patameterMap.put("TrackCode","123");StringsoapRequestData=dynamicclientCall.buildRequestData(patameterMap);System.out.println(soapRequestData);intstatusCode=dynamicclientCall.invoke(patameterMap);if(statusCode==200){System.out.println("调用成功！");System.out.println(dynamicclientCall.soapResponseData);}else{System.out.println("调用失败！错误码："+statusCode);}}}最终运行结果：可见最终返回的也是xml格式的数据，这里数据未进展格式化显示和处理AXIS1客户端调用此处调用方式为axis1的调用，需要传递的参数可以是字符串或实体类，字符串方式：Serviceservice=newService();Callcall=(Call)service.createCall();//wsdl地址call.setTargetEndpointAddress(newURL(wsdlUrl));//设定调用3分钟不返回则超时call.setTimeout(newInteger(180000)); //命名空间(wsdl文件中的targetNameSpace属性值)以及方法名call.setOperationName(newQName("://com","sayHello"));//参数类型call.addParameter("name",XMLType.XSD_STRING,ParameterMode.IN);//返回值类型call.setReturnType(XMLType.XSD_STRING);//参数值StringretXML2=(String)call.invoke(newObject[]{"yczhang"});System.out.println(retXML2);实体类方式〔调用axis2的接口有点问题〕：UserEntityuserEntry=newUserEntity();userEntry.setId("yczhang");userEntry.setName("yczhang");Serviceservice=newService();Callcall=(Call)service.createCall();//wsdl地址call.setTargetEndpointAddress(newURL(wsdlUrl));//设定调用3分钟不返回则超时call.setTimeout(newInteger(180000)); //命名空间(wsdl文件中的targetNameSpace属性值)以及方法名call.setOperationName(newQName("://com","sayHelloToUser"));//注册SimpleObject的序列化类型QNameqn=newQName("urn:BeanService","UserEntity");call.registerTypeMapping(UserEntity.class,qn,newBeanSerializerFactory(UserEntity.class,qn),newBeanDeserializerFactory(UserEntity.class,qn));//参数类型〔可省略〕call.addParameter("requestParam",org.apache.axis.encoding.XMLType.XSD_ANYTYPE,ParameterMode.IN);//返回值类型call.setReturnType(XMLType.XSD_BOOLEAN);BooleanretXML1=(Boolean)call.invoke(newObject[]{userEntry});System.out.println(retXML1);注意，实体类方式，当调用的是由axis2方式所发布的接口时，容易出现问题，表现在所传递的实体类的属性内容为null，但在该实体类内新建一属性传如该值时，却有值。应该是axis1对axis2的不兼容问题。并且调用axis2的接口时，需要在客户端写出namespace，即：//call.setOperationName(newQName("://localhost:9080/WS_Axis/services/axisTest","sayHelloToUser"));该种调用方式对于axis1的接口没问题。泰康工程最终使用的是axis1发布的接口，并使用该种方式调用的。publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args)throwsServiceException,MalformedURLException,RemoteException{ StringwsdlUrl="://localhost:9080/WS_Axis/services/axisTest?wsdl"; //实体类Useruser=newUser(); user.setId("1"); user.setAdd("test"); user.setName("test"); user.setPath("test"); Serviceservice=newService(); Callcall=(Call)service.createCall(); call.setTargetEndpointAddress(newURL(wsdlUrl));//设定调用3分钟不返回则超时 call.setTimeout(newInteger(180000)); //call.setOperationName(newQName("://localhost:9080/WS_Axis/services/axisTest","sayHelloToUser")); //注册SimpleObject的序列化类型〔urn:BeanService在wsdd文件内有配置〕 QNameqn=newQName("urn:BeanService","User"); call.registerTypeMapping(User.class,qn,newBeanSerializerFactory(User.class,qn),newBeanDeserializerFactory(User.class,qn));//方法名 call.setOperationName("sayHelloToUser");//“user〞是接口服务