中考作文分析与策略

腾飞教育网腾飞教育网中考作文分析与策略英语中考考核目标：测试考生的英语基础知识和运用语言的能力。其中，侧重语言运用能力的考核。题目考核目标分值比例听力英语运用能力3020%语法词汇语言知识4631%完型阅读英语运用能力5637%写作英语运用能力1812%2010年上海市中考英语试卷分析本次中考作文题沿袭2009年的风格，题目范围明确,贴近学生生活，让不同的学生都有东西可以写，可以充分体现学生的词汇量、切入点及语句的组织安排能力。它不仅是一篇作文，同时，也能帮助学生进行自我认识和鼓励。考生在写作中所反映的问题主要有：1.在内容上：作文选材单一，想象力匮乏，文不对题，千篇一律。大多是“学骑车、解难题、爱环保、迎世博”，很难打动阅卷老师。学生存在背范文现象，生拉硬套，没有考场作文的生动性。2.在语法上：通篇时态、语态、评写、主从句、时态等基础知识掌握不牢固，低级语言错误多，缺乏基础表达能力，存在母语硬迁移，母语印记明显。此外，语序混乱、语法结构错误、基本句型没掌握、单词评写错误、时态错误等，还有的考生只写出几个单词，这些错误都导致语言表达不流畅多产生歧义。3.写作的技巧性不够。主要是学生平时实践不太多。加上学生英语水平参差不齐，两极分化比较严重。越是基础差的同学，词汇越是匮乏，写起文章来也就无从入手。4.字迹模糊，卷面不整洁。该部分值得注意的动向：1）作文题让考生自由发挥的空间很增大；2）给出的问题是仅供参考的；3）近年作文命题都具有消灭背作文、“生拉硬套现象”的导向。教学策略1．对写作学习要有正确的认识，拒绝功利性地背、套范文，要养成脚踏实地认真写每篇作文的意识，并在不断写作的过程中获得能力的提升。２．对写作能力的提高要在开学初就有计划，不同阶段实施不同能力要求的训练，不能随心所欲。３．重视平时语言组织能力的培养、词汇句型的积累和运用。本次模考作文Writeatleast60wordsaboutthetopic“Mytrouble”.(短文必须包含以下要点)1.Whatis/wasyourtroubleinyourlife/study?（3分）2.Howdo/will/didyoufacethetrouble?(Giveatleasttwoideas)（2分+2分）英语写作考核目标：能根据题意连贯、贴切地进行书面表达（内容、语言、组织结构）英语作文要求：内容：观点明确，内容充实，理由充分语言：表达正确，语言流畅，用词恰当，句式多样化组织结构：结构正确，上下文连贯一致作文部分的评分标准总共分为三个部分：内容、语言、组织结构。评分标准（一）、内容（3+3+2分）分值要求7分:内容切题，意思连贯，表达清楚、完整5-6分:内容基本切题，意思大致连贯，表达基本清楚，但不够完整3-4分:内容不够切题，意思不够连贯，表达不够清楚，离题目要求较远0-2分:文不对题，表达不清（二）、语言（8分）1）拼写：每错扣0.5分，同一错误不重复计数；2）语法：同1）3）标点、大小写：每两处错误扣0.5分。但标点和大小写的扣分总和不得超过1分。4）语言最多扣7分。（三）、词数1．不足30字，得分最多不得超过6分；2．不足40字，得分最多不得超过9分；3．不足50字，得分最多不得超过13分；4．在50-60字之间者，每少5个词扣0.5分；5．只写出个别单词或词不成句者，不给分。二、典型错误没有包含要点的作文。要点1为3分，要点2为2分，要点3为2分。按照此标准酌情扣分。语言语法失分类文章。在批改过程中，常见的错误有固定词组、句子结构等犯有很明显错误的句子。有的学生的作文写得不错，无奈语言错误点太多。错误分析1．写下第一类作文的学生平时不写作文，对于审题、答题技巧等概念一无所知，考试前“临阵磨枪，不快也亮”。2．写下第二类作文的学生没有好好地审题。3．写下第三类作文的学生没有仔细地阅读自己的文章。trouble1.烦恼;忧虑[C][U]Herheartwasfulloftrouble.她忧心忡忡。2.困难;困境;麻烦的事[U][C][(+with)][+v-ing]Hersonhasgotintotroubleagain.她儿子又惹麻烦了。You'reaskingfortrouble.你是在自找麻烦。IhadalittletroublelearningEnglishgrammar.我学英文语法有过一点困难。九(5+4+0)分卷Asweallknow,everyonehavesometroubleinstudy.Ioftenhavesometroubleinmytrouble.Andweshouldknowhowtofacethemdon’tgiveup.Fortunately,whenIhavesometrouble,manypeoplecanhelpme.ButsometimesIwantsolvethembymyself.Forexample,Iampooratmaths,soIfaceit,nevergiveup.atthenextmathsexam.Isucceed.Don’tafraidofyourtrouble.7+7+0Everyonehashistrouble.SodoI.Ihavesometroublesinmylifeandinmystudy.MytroubleinstudyisthatIampooratEnglish.#NowEnglishisveryimportant.Itisusedinalotofways.SoImuststudyEnglishwell.IneedtoreadmoreEnglishbookstoimprovemyEnglish.IalsoneedtolearnmoreEnglishwords.#IfIstudyhard,IthinkIcanlearnEnglishwell.17(7+7+3)分卷Whenyoumeetthestrangerforthefirsttime,whatwillyoudonext?Asforme,it’satoughtasktobreaktheice.Notonlymyfaceturnsred,butalsomymindbecomesblank.Inordertoimprovethissituation,I’vetriedsomanywaysthatIcan’trememberthem.Firstofall,Iwilltellmyselftobecalm.Next,it’snaturalformetoaskmyfriendsforahugsoastobebraveenoughtotalkfirst.Ifyouhavethesametroubleasme,I’dsuggestyoushouldaskyourfriendsforhelp.Inaddition,pleaseremember:Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.7+8+2SinceI’vegrownup,Ihavetofacesometroublesinmylife.Forthetimebeing,mytroubleisthatIcan’tforgetmyfriend’sdeath.#Shewaskilledinatrafficaccident.Iamverysadaboutit.Ican’tsleepwellatnightbecauseImisshertoomuch.ButIknowImustbestrong.Iwillrememberallthebeautifulmemoriesandtrytogetridofsadness.#Iwillsmilelikebefore,justlikeshe’sstillwithme.满分(7+8+3)卷Thewheelofhistoryhasbeenspeedingforward,theworldhaschanged,ourliveshavechangedandsohasthefriendship.SomytroubleisthatsometimesIcan’tgetonwellwithmyfriends.It’snoteasytosolveit,butImusttrymybesttodoit.First,Ishouldbemorehelpfulsothattheywilllikeme.ThenIthinkIshouldpaymoreattentiontomyattitudebecausebadattitudemayhurtothers.Thus,friendshipisnotassimpleasbeforebecausewehavegrownup,andweshouldalwayscareforothersmore.满分(7+8+3)卷“You’relateagain!”Thevoicecan’tdisappearnomatterhowhardItrytoforgetit.I’malwayslateforschool,theproblemhasbeendeeplyrootedinmymind.IlivesofarfromschoolthatIshouldtakeabustoschooleveryday,butthereisalwaysatrafficjamwhichkillsmyvaluabletime.Inordertoovercomethistrouble,Iwillgetupearly.Inaddition,Icanridemybicycletoschoolsoastogetridofthetrafficjam.EverytroublecanbesolvedaslongasIdomybest.如何提高写作赏析背诵听写或默写仿写练写赏析在语篇结构和语言表达上为学生写作提供范例;教师要引导学生，从报刊阅读或阅读理解中不断吸收地道的、符合英语表达习惯的表达方式和思维方式。还要指导学生欣赏词语和句子的妙处，吸收语言知识，鼓励他们使用符合书面要求的词语和句子来写作。背诵古人云“熟读唐诗三百首，不会作诗也会吟”，背诵是提高英文写作的最有效的方法之一。通过背诵文中的优美文章，学生可以把重点词组、句型和优美的句子，储存于脑并内化成自己的语言，才能在实际交际中脱口而出纯正的英语，才能在写作中厚积薄发，用词造句准确，表达流畅。由老师确定一段，这一段通常每个成绩阶段的学生都能接受，而同时里面又含有写作当中常用到的表达法。学生们在背诵过程中增强了语感，积累了很多表达法，并能在写作当中恰当使用出来。听写或默写听写是检查和巩固所学的语言材料的一种方式。要求学生能背记单词和复现单词、句型或段落等。听写内容可以从报纸或阅读文章中摘选一些单词、短语、句子、对话、短文等，由浅入深地进行训练。通过听写，培养学生的语感以及书写的准确性。仿写仿写是熟练运用所学的语言材料的过程，要求学生在熟练背记句型和段落的基础上能举一反三。例如模仿文本中学生的习作，由于报刊文章内容贴近学生的生活，有一定的词语、句型、段落结构和篇章结构供参考和模仿，会降低写作难度，最大限度地激发学生写作的兴趣，有助于学生学习规范的语言和语篇结构。练写赏析、摘抄、背诵其实都为了一个目标——写作。有了一定量的积累，输出自然就没问题了。写作要有序：由易到难；先段落后篇章；先写正确的句子，逐步过渡到围绕一个人、一件事、一个观点去写有中心内容的文章；多写记叙文，尽量涉及各种体裁；由不限时作文到限时作文；先仿写，再缩写、改写，最后自己组织句子写文章，写读后感等。学习策略：英语写作对于大部分同学来说是个教头痛的问题，其实不然。同学们应该记得我们学习过了五种最基本的五种简单句式，即：1.S+V2.S+V+O3.S+V+P4.S+V+indirectO+directO5.S+V+O+C如果你能用这五种简单句式分别写出一句话，注意句式和句式之间的含义连接，注意时态、人称的正确使用，如果还能加上起润色作用的一些形容词和副词，文章的基本结构就已经基本显示了出来。当然，想使文章更加的漂亮，还必须注意写作方式、写作方法，而更重要的是增加写的训练。记住：当你拿到题目先要审好题，然后构思文章的框架，切忌拿笔就写，因为有了框架就知道你到底是要写什么了，也就是说不同的题材应该有不同的写作思路和方法。再说有好的框架就会给阅卷老师有个比较好的批阅感觉，容易被给分。此外，有了框架以后，你自己自动在哪里添什么砖加什么瓦，使写出来的文章既有清晰的思路，又有鲜明的陈述，一定是篇高分的好文章。同学们：每天背诵或摘录几句或几段，揣摩它的遣词造句，布局谋篇等，并规定自己每周至少写二至三篇限时作文,中考时定有理想的收获。为了达到这样的收获,我们应该了解一些常见的写作模式。写作课教学方法举例AlettertothezoomanagerDearSir/MadamIvisitedthezooyesterday,butIwasveryunhappyandangryaboutthethingsIsaw.SoIdecidetotellyouwhathappened.IstillrememberthedaywhenIvisitedthezoo2yearsago.Itusedtobeabeautifulgarden,surroundedbymanykindsofbeautifulplants.ButmanythingsIsawyesterdayweredifferent.Thelargeanimalswereinextremelysmallcages.Thelionwaswalkingbackandforth.Itwascompletelybored.Thetigerwasasleepallafternoon.Isawpeoplefeedingthefish.Theywerethrowingbreadintothefishpond.Thatcouldkillthefish.Unfortunately,noonetriedtostopthem.What’smore,whenIhadadrinkatthezoorestaurant,Iwasbadlyserved.Outsidetherestaurant,therubbishbinswerecompletelyfull,andtherubbishwasblowingeverywhere.Itseemedthatthezoodidn’tlookaftereithertheanimalsorthevisitorswell.Asaloverofanimals,IthinkthatIhavetheresponsibilityoftellingyouaboutwhatIsaw.Ihopethatyoushouldpayattentiontotheseproblemsanddealwiththemasquicklyaspossible.AlettertothezoomanagerBeginning:IntroducethereasonwhyhewrotetheletterBody:DescribewhattheproblemsareEnding:GivesomesuggestionsTheproblemsthelionThelionwaswalkingbackandforth.thetiger

Thetigerwasasleepallafternoon.thefish

Peoplewerethrowingbreadintothefishpond.therestaurant

Thestaffthereservedhimrudely;therubbishbinswerecompletelyfull;therubbishwasblowingeverywhere.StructureofthisletterBeginningBeginningBody1Body2Body…EndingBeautifulwordsandexpressions:verbsorverbalphrases(动词或动词词组)Itusedtobeabeautifulgarden,…prepositionalphrases(介词或介词词组)

Outsidetherestaurant,…transitionalwords(连接词)SoIdecidetotellyouwhathappened,…adverbsandadjectives(副词或形容词)

Thelionwaswalkingbackandforth…Others(其他)

…BeautifulsentencesIvisitedthezooyesterday,butIwasveryunhappyandangry,becauseIsawthethings.(para.1)simplesentence(简单句)Ivisitedthezooyesterday,butIwasveryunhappyandangryaboutthethingsIsaw.complexsentence(复杂句)Combinesimplesentencewithcomplexsentence长短句结合Ihadadrinkatthezoorestaurant.Theyservedme,theywererudetome.(para.3)activevoice(主动语态)WhenIhadadrinkatthezoorestaurant,Iwasbadlyserved.passivevoice(被动语态)Rightuseofvoices正确使用语态Thezoodidn’tlookaftertheanimalswell.Thezoodidn’tlookafterthevisitorswell.(para.3)Itseemedthatthezoodidn’tlookaftereithertheanimalsorthevisitorswell.Usewonderfulsentencepatterns好的句型Thefishcouldbekilled__if___theykeptdoingthis.Thevisitorskeptdoingthis.Thefishcouldbekilled.(para.2)Useclauses从句(AdverbialClause状语从句)Isawthesethings.IthinkIhavetheresponsibilityoftellingyouaboutthem.(para.4)Ithink__that__Ihavetheresponsibilityoftellingyouabout_what_Isaw.Thezoodidn’tlookaftertheanimalswell.Thezoodidn’tlookafterthevisitorswell.(para.3)Itseemedthatthezoodidn’tlookaftereithertheanimalsorthevisitorswell.(ObjectClause)宾语从句Iremembertheday.Ivisitedthezootwoyearsagoonthatday.(para.1)Istillremembertheday_when_Ivisitedthezootwoyearsago.(AttributiveClause)定语从句Useclauses从句SoIdecidetotellyouwhathappened.(para.1)…However,itseemedthatnoonetriedtostopthem.(para.2)…What’smore,whenIhadadrinkatthezoorestaurant,thestaffservedmerudely.…(para.3)Transitionalwords连接词1）递进：besides,inaddition,what’smore,…2）转折：however,but,afterall,…3）总结：finally,atlast,inaword,inconclusion,…4)对比：inthesameway,ontheotherhand…Apassageiswellconnectedby…Usegoodwordsandexpressions运用好的词语表达：usedto,extremelysmall,backandforthRightuseofvoices…正确使用语态：Iwasbadlyserved…Usetransitionalwords…运用连接词：so,however,what’smore,…Usewonderfulsentencepatterns…运用好的句型：either…or…,itseemedthat…Useclauses…运用从句WritealettertoMartinBeginning:Thankyoufortellingmesomeoftheproblemsatthezoo.HerearesomeofthethingsIhavedonetocorrecttheproblems.Body:…Ending:Ihopeyoucanbesatisfiedwithwhatwehavedone.inthefuturewewill…PairWorkDiscussionWhatwillyouwriteinthebodypart?thelionThelionwaswalkingbackandforth.thetigerThetigerwasasleepallafternoon.thefishPeoplewerethrowingbreadintothefishpond.therestaurantThestaffthereservedhimrudely;therubbishbinswerecompletelyfull;therubbishwasblowingeverywhere.Samples：Howtodescribeaperson?Heisa________.Heis______65nowbutstillworkseveryday.Heisthin,andofaverage______,butheisvery______.Althoughheisan_______man,heis______enoughtocontrolhisraftintheriverwherehelivesandworkswithhiscormorants.fishermanoverheightfitelderlystrongGuessthepersonbyaskingmequestions.Ishe/she…?Doeshe/she…?Hashe/shegot…?What…?How…………?Let’sdescribeMr.Guo!1.Heisthin.Heistall.句子单一Heisthinaswellastall.使用过渡词Heisnotonlythinbutalsotall.Whatathinandtallmanourchemistryteacheris!感叹句2.Heiskind.Heiswarm-hearted.WhenIamintrouble,hecanalwaysgivemeahand.Ithinkheiskindaswellaswarm-hearted.使用从句Heiskind.What’smore,heiswarm-hearted.使用连词句子单一→过渡词1）递进：besides,inaddition,what’smore,…2）转折：however,but,afterall,…3）总结：finally,atlast,inaword,inconclusion,…4)对比：inthesameway,ontheotherhand…5）其他forexample,infact,toone’ssurprise/joy,…MychemistryteacherI’mgladtointroduceMr.Guotoyou.Mr.Guoteachesuschemistrythisyear.Heisover55,buthestillworkshardeveryday.Heisthin,andaboveaverageheight,butheisveryfit.Heisshortsightedsohewearsapairofglasses.Heissohumorous(幽默的)thatheoftenbringsusalotofhappiness.Inhisclasshesometimestellsusinterestingstorieswhichhappenedtohimself.Itisrelaxingforustohavehislessonsandmostofushavemadegreatprogressinchemistry.Afterclasshealsogivesussomeadviceonhowtobeanhonestmanaswellasausefulman.Hetoldus“Lifeislikeanocean.Onlythestrong-willed(意志坚强的)canreachtheothershore.”Inaddition,heiswarm-hearted.Whenweareintrouble,heisalwayswillingtogiveusahand.Oneday,itsuddenlyrainedheavily.IthoughtIwouldcatchacoldbecauseIdidn’thaveanumbrellawithme.WhenMr.Guosawme,hegavehisonlyumbrellatome.However,hewasill.Hiskindnessmademefeelreallyunforgettable.Iamveryhappytohavesuchagoodteacher.IthinkIwon’tforgethimforever.Paragraph1:hisjob/appearanceParagraph2:thereasonswhyheismyfavoriteteacher.(giveexamples)Paragraph3:theopinionBeautifulwordsandexpressions:verbsorverbalphrases(动词或动词词组)adverbs/adjectivesphrases(副词/形容词/好的词组)

clauses从句transitionalwords(连接词)

Others(prep…)其它(介词…)

句子单一→使用动词(时态)/形容词/介词固定搭配teachsb.sth.bringsb.sth.happentosb.makegreatprogressgivesb.ahandmakesb.dofit/short-sighted/humorous/interesting/honest/useful/warm-heartedheavilythestrong-willedbewillingtodobehappytodoreallyunforgettableintrouble句子单一→使用主从句1.Heishumorous.Weareveryhappy.Heissohumorousthatheoftenbringsushappiness.2.Inhisclasshesometimestellsussomeinterestingstories.Thesestorieshappenedtohimself.Inhisclasshesometimestellsussomeinterestingstorieswhichhappenedtohimself.3.Heoftenhelpsus.Whenweareintrouble,heiswillingtogiveusahand.句子单一→使用好句型Welikehislessons.Wefeelrelaxed.Itisrelaxingforustohavehislessons.句子单一→使用过渡词Inaddition,…However,…Apassageiswellconnectedby…Usegoodwordsandexpressions运用好的词语表达makegreatprogress,givesb.ahand,bewillingtodo,reallyunforgettable…Rightuseoftenses…正确使用时态Hesometimestellsussomeinterestingstorieswhichhappenedtohimself.…Usetransitionalwords…运用过渡词Inaddition,however…Usewonderfulsentencepatterns…运用好的句型Itisrelaxingforustohavehislessons…Useclauses…运用从句IthinkIwon’tforgetherforever.…WritingWriteatleast60wordsaboutthetopic“Myfavouriteteacher(classmate,friend)”（以”我最喜爱的老师（同学，朋友）”为题写一篇不少于60个词的短文,标点符号不占格.）注意:短文中不得出现考生的姓名、校名及其它相关信息，否则不予评分）Usethefollowingpointsasaguide.(短文必须包含下列要点）1.Somethingabouthis/herappearanceandpersonality.2.Doyoulikehim/her?Why?(Giveoneortworeasons.)3.Whatdoeshe/sheoftentellyou?Guessthetopicsofthepassages:Teaisthemostpopulardrinkintheworldbesidesplainwater.Therearethousandsofdifferenttypesofteaavailable……SomeFactsaboutTeaTherearemanythingsyoucandotoimproveyourmemory.Amongthemarevariousmemori-zingmethodsaswellastakingspecialcareofyourhealth……HowtoImproveYourMemoryAtthebeginningofthewriting:Thinkofthetopic,andtellthereadersclearlywhatyouaretalkingabout.LastFriday,itwasraining.Tomwasonhiswayhome.Hewaswalkingwithanumbrellaopen…OnTheWayHome---HowtowritenarrativecompositionAnattractivebeginning1、开门见山，揭示主题文章一开头就交待清楚文章的主题是什么。如“HowISpentMyVacation”(我怎样度假)的开头是：

ISpentmylastvacationhappily…

2、交代人物、事情、时间或环境开头在文章的开头，先把人物、事件和环境交待清楚。例如“ATriptoJinshan”(去金山旅游)的开头：

ThedaybeforeyesterdaymyclasswentonabustriptoJinshan.Thebusridetheretookthreehours.Thelongtripmadeusverytired，butthesightofthebeautifulsearefreshedus…3、回忆性的开头用回忆的方法来开头。例如“ATriptotheTaishanMountain”(泰山游)的开头是：

IremembermyfirsttriptotheTaishanMountainasifitwereyesterday…4、介绍环境式的开头即开头利用自然景物或自然环境引出要介绍的事物。如“AnAccident”(一场事故)的开头是：

Itwasarainyandwindymorning.Theskywasgloomy，thetemperaturewaslow，andthestreetwasnearlyempty.Iwasonmywaybacktoschool.Suddenly，aspeedingcarcameroundthecorner…HaveatryAnunforgettabledayAterribletripSomethinginmymemoryOnmywayto…Myfirsttimeto…OnTheWayHomeLastFriday,itwasraining.Tomwasonhiswayhome.Hewaswalkingwithanumbrellaopen…LastFriday,itwasraining.Tomwasonhiswayhome.Hewaswalkingwithanumbrellaopen.HesawanoldGrannywalkingwithastickinherhand.Tomwentuptoher.Tomtriedtosharehisumbrellawithher.TheGrannywasmuchtallerthanTom.Hewastooshorttoholdtheumbrellahighenough.Tomwasataloss.Agoodideacametohim.Hetriedtotiethesticktothehandleoftheumbrella.Theumbrellawaslongenoughforbothofthem.TheGrannythankedhimagainandagain.Theywentonwalkinghome.MainideaOnarainyday,TomsharedhisumbrellawithanoldGrannytogohome.Plot

weather,surroundingwhen

where

who

what,how,whyHaveatryAnunforgettabledayAterribletripSomethinginmymemoryOnmywayto…Myfirsttimeto…OnTheWayHome1LastFriday,theweatherisveryhotanddry.2Becauseofitwasmyturntocleantheclassroom,Ileftschoolverylate.3WhenIwaswalkingdownstairstotheschoolgate,Isawalotofsmokeflewoutofthewindowwhichwasontheoppositebuilding.4thefactorywasonfire!5Ihurriedtothephoneboxanddialed119immediate.6Fiveminuteslater,thefiremencametohere.7Thefireputoutmomentslater.8Luckily,nobodywashurt.9Thenextday,theteacherpraisedI.10Iwasveryhappily!theweatheris→itwasBecauseof→Becauseflewoutof→risingfromthe→Theimmediate→immediately.cametohere→camehereputout→wasputoutpraisedI→praisedme.happily→happy!AttentionUsethesuitabletenseTheusageoftheprep.,adv.andpron.etc.OneverbineachsentenceCapitallettersPunctuationmarks.（标点）(suchas,.?!“”)AddConnectivesLastFriday,itwasraining_1_Tomwasonhiswayhome.Hewaswalkingwithanumbrellaopen._2_hesawanoldGrannywalkingwithastickinherhand.Tomwentuptoher_3_Tomtriedtosharehisumbrellawithher._4_theGrannywasmuchtallerthanTom.Hewastooshorttoholdtheumbrellahighenough._5_Tomwasataloss.Agoodideacametohim.Hetriedtotiethesticktothehandleoftheumbrella._6_Theumbrellawaslongenoughforbothofthem.TheGrannythankedhimagainandagain.Theywentonwalkinghome.1when 2Suddenly 3and 4But 5When 6ThentLastFriday,itwasrainingwhenTomwasonhiswayhome.Hewaswalking_1_withanumbrellaopen.SuddenlyhesawanoldGrannywalking_2_withastickinherhand._3_.Tomwentuptoherandtriedtosharehisumbrellawithher.ButtheGrannywasmuchtallerthanTom.Hewastooshorttoholdtheumbrellahighenough.WhenTomwasataloss.Agoodideacametohim.Hetriedtotiethesticktothehandleoftheumbrella.Thentheumbrellawaslongenoughforbothofthem.TheGrannythankedhimagainandagain.Theywentonwalkinghome._4_4：AlthoughTomwaswetalotwhenhereachedhome,hewasnotcold.Hefeltwarminhisheart.Awonderfulending1.首尾呼应，画龙点睛例如题为ICannotForgetHer的结尾：

Afterherdeath,Ifeltasifsomethingweremissinginmylife.Iwassadoverherpassingaway,butIknewshewouldn’thavehadanyregretsathavinggivenherlifeforthebenefitofthepeople.2.自然结尾例如题为Fishing的结尾：Icaughtasmanyastwentyfishintwohours,butmybrothercaughtmanymore.Tiredfromfishing,welaydownontheriverbank,bathinginthesun.Wereturnedhomeverylate.3.用比喻或含蓄的手法不直接点明作者的看法。而是让读者自己去领会和思考。例如题为ADayofHarvesting的结尾：Eveningcamebeforewerealizedit.Weputdownoursicklesandlookedateachother.Ourclotheswerewetwithsweat,butoneveryfacetherewasasmile.重复主题句

4.结尾回到文章开头阐明的中心思想或主题句上，达到强调的效果。例如题为ILoveMyHometown的结尾：Ilovemyhometown,andIloveitspeople.Theyhavechanged—theyaregoingallouttomakemorecontributionforourmotherland.HaveatryAnunforgettabledayAterribletripSomethinginmymemoryOnmywayto…Myfirsttimeto…LastFriday,itwasrainingwhenTomwasonhiswayhome.Hewaswalking_1_withanumbrellaopen.SuddenlyhesawanoldGrannywalking_2_withastickinherhand._3_.Tomwentuptoherandtriedtosharehisumbrellawithher.ButtheGrannywasmuchtallerthanTom.Hewastooshorttoholdtheumbrellahighenough.WhenTomwasataloss.Agoodideacametohim.Hetriedtotiethesticktothehandleoftheumbrella.Thentheumbrellawaslongenoughforbothofthem.TheGrannythankedhimagainandagain.Theywentonwalkinghome._4_1fast 2slowly3Becauseofnoumbrellawithher,shewaswetallover.4AlthoughTomwaswetalotwhenhereachedhome,hewasnotcold.Hefeltwarminhisheart.Howtoimproveyourcomposition:1.Anattractivebeginning2.Anexcitingplot3.Awonderfulendingofthestoryandyourfeeling4.Goodphrases,sentencesandvariousstuctures.Itwasverycoldyesterday,Ileftschoolsolate.WhenIwasonmywayhome,I……Otherconnectives:Both…andNeither…nor…Notonly…butalsoAssoonasAfter/BeforeWhen/As/WhileIf/whetherUntilUnlessAlthoughnomatterwhatAnd/OrGoodphrases，sentencesandstructures:Askmuch,knowmuch.多问则广识。Itdoesn’tmatterhowmanytimesyougetknockeddown,buthowmanytimesyougetup.无论你跌倒多少次，就要多少次地爬起来。Allthingsareeasythataredonewillingly.天下无难事，只怕有心人。Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.万事开头难。AllroadsleadtoRome.条条大路通罗马。Practicemakesperfect.熟能生巧。Seeingisbelieving.眼见为实。Inthisworldthereisalwaysdangerforthosewhoareafraidofit.在这个世界上危险只属于那些恐惧的人。Ispendthetimeonmyworkwhileothersaredrinkingcoffee.当别人在饮咖啡的时候，我在勤奋中。…notonlyalotoffunbutalsoaneyeopener……不仅快乐，而且开阔了眼界。Itis…todo…What/How…!Ithink…TellMumILoveHer!Whatdoesyourmotherdoforyou?Shecooksmealsforme.Sheinvitesmetolibraries.Shetellsmenottogiveup.Shesendsmetohospital.Shehelpsmewithmymaths.ShesuggestsIhaveanothertry.TopicsentenceShetakesgoodcareofmydailylife.Shesupportsmeinmystudy.Sheprovidesmewithencouragement.MatchMotherdoesallthats