新高考英语二轮复习课时练第3部分书面表达与短文改错专题6第2 解题技法指导 (含解析)

第2讲解题技法指导技法一审题谋篇四步法(2022·全国甲)你校将以六月八日世界海洋日为主题，举办英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：1．海洋的重要性；2．保护海洋的倡议。注意：1.词数100左右；2．短文的题目和首句已为你写好。OurOceans，OurResponsibilityJune8thwasofficiallynamedbytheUNin2009asWorldOceansDay.第一步审题立意布局谋篇体裁投稿短文时态一般现在时人称第三人称结构三段要点1.开头提出话题。2.中间写海洋的重要性和如何保护海洋。3.最后发出倡议。第二步核心内容逐一盘点第一段——提出话题1．当说到海洋时，它的污染正变得越来越严重。Whenitcomestotheocean，itspollutionisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.第二段——海洋的重要性和保护海洋的倡议2．海洋在世界上起着关键性的作用。Theoceanplaysakeyroleinourworld.3．海洋向我们提供充足的食物并维持着自然的平衡。Theoceanoffersussufficientfoodandmaintainsthebalanceofnature.4．我们不能把垃圾扔进海洋。Wecan’tthrowgarbageintotheocean.5．我们也可以分发传单来号召更多的人保护海洋。Wecanalsohandoutleafletstocallonmorepeopletoprotecttheocean.6．如果更多的人参与，海洋环境就会更好了。Ifmorepeopleareinvolved，theoceanenvironmentwillbebetter.第三段——发出倡议7．早该到了我们致力于保护海洋的时候了。Itishightimethatwedevoted/shoulddevoteourselvestoprotectingtheocean.8．保护海洋就是保护我们自己。Toprotecttheoceanistoprotectourselves.第三步斟词酌句润色升级1．用notonly...butalso...改写第3句话。Notonlydoestheoceanofferussufficientfood，butitalsomaintainsthebalanceofnature.2．把第4句话改为被动语态。Garbagecan’tbethrownintotheocean.3．把第6句话改为“themore...，themore...”结构。Themorepeopleareinvolved，thebettertheoceanenvironmentis.第四步巧妙衔接完美成篇OurOceans，OurResponsibilityJune8thwasofficiallynamedbytheUNin2009asWorldOceansDay.Whenitcomestotheocean，itspollutionisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.WorldOceansDayisaimedatraisingawarenessofoceanconservation.Theoceanplaysakeyroleinourworld.Notonlydoestheoceanofferussufficientfood，butitalsomaintainsthebalanceofnature.Thus，itisimperativetoprotecttheocean.Firstofall，whatwecandoisplaceimportanceonourdailyactions.Forexample，garbagecan’tbethrownintotheocean.What’smore，wecanalsohandoutleafletstocallonmorepeopletoprotecttheocean.Themorepeopleareinvolved，thebettertheoceanenvironmentis.Allinall，itishightimethatwedevotedourselvestoprotectingtheocean.Toprotecttheoceanistoprotectourselves.技法二规避常见的五种错误典例示范常见错误错误句子改错句子成分残缺或多余(缺)Therearemanystudentssupportit.Therearemanystudentswho/thatsupportit.(多)Wereachedtoschoolat6∶00am.Wereachedschoolat6∶00am.主谓不一致Thechildrenwasveryhappy.Thechildrenwereveryhappy.Youcanreadthebookswhichisontheshelf.Youcanreadthebookswhichareontheshelf.时态、语态错误Theexhibitionwillholdnextweekend.Theexhibitionwillbeheldnextweekend.YesterdayIwitnessanaccident.YesterdayIwitnessedanaccident.词性不分Honestisthebestpolicy.Honestyisthebestpolicy.PapercuttingisatraditionChineseart.PapercuttingisatraditionalChineseart.Ifinallythroughtheexamafterseveralattempts.Ifinallygotthroughtheexamafterseveralattempts.中式英语Iverylikehisclasses.Ilikehisclassesverymuch.MyfatherboughtmeaMoYanwritingbook.MyfatherboughtmeabookwrittenbyMoYan.Thetreesverytall.Thetreesareverytall.技法三亮化词汇三原则根据高考书面表达的评分标准，应用词汇的丰富性和准确性是作文能否取得高分的一条重要的标准。所以，在词汇的亮化上应遵循以下三个原则：原则1求新求变同样意义的词语，要根据语境使用最新学过的而不是小学初中学过的词汇。如果同样的意义重复出现，要使用不同的表达方式。如：1．Notonlydoestheoceanofferusenoughfood，butitalsomaintainsthebalanceofnature.Thus，itisveryimportanttoprotecttheocean.(2022·全国甲)→Notonlydoestheoceanofferussufficientfood，butitalsomaintainsthebalanceofnature.Thus，itisimperativetoprotecttheocean.2．Whenfeelingsad，Ioftenchoosetoenjoythenovelpartwhichincludesalotofgoodstories.(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)→Whenfeelingdepressed，Ioftenchoosetoenjoythenovelpartwhichincludesalotofimaginativestories.3．WiththewidespreadoftheInternet，moreandmorepeoplebecomeonlinelearners.(2021·全国乙)→WiththewidespreadoftheInternet，anincreasingnumberofpeoplebecomeonlinelearners.4．Iamwritingtoaskyoutohelpuswithaplayweadaptedaccordingtothetext.(2020·全国Ⅲ)→Iamwritinginsinceritytoaskyouafavourregardingaplayweadaptedaccordingtothetext.5．Foranother，Chinahasalonghistoryandrichculture.IthasalwaysattractedpeoplewholoveanythingaboutChina.(2020·江苏)→Foranother，Chinaenjoysalonghistoryandrichculture.IthasalwaysbeenanattractionforthosewhoarekeenonanythingthatisChinese.原则2求准求精写作时不一定每一句都要有复杂句式，有时准确使用一个单词就会让整个句子增色。1．ItcaneasilybeseenthatthepercentageofstudentswhochooselisteningtoEnglishsongsandwatchingEnglishmoviesispartly65%and50%.(2022·全国乙)→ItcaneasilybeseenthatthepercentageofstudentswhochooselisteningtoEnglishsongsandwatchingEnglishmoviesisrespectively65%and50%.2．Inconclusion，weshouldfindawaytostudyonlinebetter.(2021·全国乙)→Inconclusion，weshouldfindawaytostudyonlinemoreefficiently.3．Hiswordsofencouragementcanstillberemembered.(2020·全国Ⅰ)→Hiswordsofencouragementstillringinmyears.4．Iamwaitingforyourearlyreply.(2021·全国甲)→Iamwaitingforyourearlyreplyeagerly.原则3短语优先恰当使用短语代替单词，不但可以增加词数，还有助于绕开不会表达的单词，使得行文更加流畅。1．Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldconsidermyinvitation.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)→Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldtakemyinvitationintoaccount.2．Inconclusion，weshouldknowitsadvantagesanddisadvantagesandfindaproperwaytomakeourstudymoreefficient.(2021·全国乙)→Inconclusion，weshouldhaveagoodunderstandingofitsadvantagesanddisadvantagesandfindaproperwaytomakeourstudymoreefficient.3．Inordertogetmoreclicks，you’dbettertellmewhichChinesecultureattractswesternersmost.(2021·全国甲)→Inordertogetmoreclicks，you’dbettertellmewhichChinesecultureholdsthemostattractionforwesterners.4．Themajorityofpeoplewhoweresurveyedsupportedthisidea.→Themajorityofpeoplewhoweresurveyedwereinfavourofthisidea.技法四美化句式四诀窍诀窍1三大从句各一从句是丰富内容的有效手段。每一篇优秀作文，句式都应该多样。所以在写作中，要注意打造三种从句。1．定语从句：Itwasatthatfestivalthatyousharedsomanyinterestingthingsaboutyourcountry，throughwhichIlearnedalotaboutyourfood，cultureandhistory.(2022·浙江1月)2．状语从句：Ithasbeen10yearssinceYouthwasfoundedandIbegantoreadthenewspaperwhenIwasstillajunioronestudent.(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)3．名词性从句：What’sfarmoreimportantisthatwebecamegoodfriendsthen.(2022·浙江1月)诀窍2非谓语若干非谓语的正确使用能体现出学生的语法功底，相比于从句，非谓语更加生动简洁。(2020·全国Ⅱ)Lastweekend，myclassmatesandItookpartinafarmpicking(现在分词作定语)activity.Surrounded(过去分词作状语)bygreentrees，thefarmislocatedatthefootofthehillnearourschool.Thereisasmallriverflowing(现在分词作定语)throughthefarm.Whileenjoyingbeing(动名词作宾语)closetonature，webegantohelppickpeachescovering(现在分词作定语)everytree.Weworkedinpairs，onepickingpeachesandtheothercarefullyputtingthemintoabigbox(独立主格结构)．Throughparticipating(动名词作宾语)inthispickingactivity，Ihavebecomeawareofthesignificanceofwork.Iamdeterminedtostudyhard，tobeausefulpersontothecountryandtocontributetotheimprovementofpeople’slives(不定式作宾语)．诀窍3倒装强调可出现特殊句型如倒装句、强调句和感叹句等可以使整篇文章句式更加丰富。1．Itisourdailyactionsthatmakeadifferencetoprotectingtheoceanfrombeingpolluted.(2022·全国甲)2．SoeasilyaddictedtochattingonlineorplayinggamesaretheythattheywillforgettolearnEnglishusingthem.(2022·全国乙)3．Fromthisactivity，notonlydidwerealizethatbuildingupourbodyisofgreatimportance，butwealsolearnedmoreabout“persistenceleadstosuccess”．(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)4．Ontheway，exhaustedastheparticipantswere，theykeptrunninguntilthefinishingline.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)5．Suchismyunderstandingaboutgrowingup.(2020·天津)诀窍4被动露露面如果一篇文章全都是主动句而且主语一致，文章就会显得单调，适当使用被动句能够避免这种情况。1．Firstofall，whatwecandoisplaceimportanceonourdailyactions.Forexample，wecan’tthrowgarbageintotheocean.(2022·全国甲)→Firstofall，whatwecandoisplaceimportanceonourdailyactions.Forexample，garbagecan’tbethrownintotheocean.2．BecausewewillpresentthisactivityontheEnglishwebsite，Isincerelywantyoutooffermesomeadvice.(2021·全国甲)→BecausethisactivitywillbepresentedontheEnglishwebsite，Isincerelywantyoutooffermesomeadvice.3．Iwonderifyouwouldliketogiveussomeadvice.Weneedtoadjustthevocabularyandgrammaroftheplot，andwealsoneedyourguidanceonourperformance.(2020·全国Ⅲ)→Iwonderifyouwouldliketogiveussomeadvice.Thevocabularyandgrammaroftheplotneedtobeadjusted，andwealsoneedyourguidanceonourperformance.技法五衔接过渡四类型衔接过渡词可以分为“启、承、转、合”四类。1．用于“启”的过渡词语：asyouknow，asisshowninthe...，firstofall，foronething，aboveall，ontheonehand，inasense，tostartwith等。①AsfarasIknow，thisexhibitionwilllastforhalfamonthintheschoolartgallery.(2021·浙江)②Firstofall，whatwecandoisplaceimportanceonourdailyactions.(2022·全国甲)③Foronething，theoveralldevelopmentoverthepastdecadeshasbeensostrikingthattheyfeeleagertofamiliarizethemselveswithwhatisgoingoninChina.(2020·江苏)④Firstandforemost，thecompetitiontobeheldinourschoolstadiumwillbeginat2pmandlastforroughly3hours.(2019·全国Ⅱ)2．用于“承”的过渡词语：secondly，also，inaddition，foranotherthing，forthispurpose，furthermore，whatismore，forexample，inotherwords，infact，atthesametime，asaresult，therefore等。①What’smore，ifIwanttodecoratemywebsitewithsomeChineseelements，whatshouldIdo？(2021·全国甲)②Therefore，Istronglyrecommendthatallthestudentsinourschoolshouldmakeuseoftheirsparetimetoenjoythesewonderfulworkscarefully.(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)③Foranother，Chinaenjoysalonghistoryandrichculture.(2020·江苏)④Besides，thetopicisabouthowtoimproveourspokenEnglish.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)⑤Furthermore，itisnecessaryforyoutotakeagoodrest，whichwillprovideenoughenergyforyou.(2019·全国Ⅱ)⑥Meanwhile，I’malsointerestedtolearnsomefolkdancesfromyouinyourlecture，whichwillhelpmeimprovemydancing.(2019·天津)3．用于“转”的过渡词语：afterall，but，however，onthecontrary，incontrast，otherwise，while，though，despite，inspiteof，allthesame，asamatteroffact等。①However，thosechoosingreadingEnglishbooksandvisitingEnglishlearningwebsitesonlyaccountfor18%and12%.(2022·全国乙)②Ontheway，althoughsomestudentsfellbehind，theykeptrunninguntilthefinishingline.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)4．用于“合”的过渡词语：inaword，generallyspeaking，atlast，inshort，intheend，inconclusion，onthewhole，insummary，tosumup等。①Finally，youarewelcomeatanytimetomyhouseandbemyguest.Congratulationsagain!②Tosumup，Iwishyoucouldliveuptotheexpectationsofourschool.(2019·全国Ⅱ)③Inconclusion，theschooluniformsareabetterchoicethanthetraditionalChinesedressforsuchanoccasion.(2019·江苏)④Allinall，itishightimethatwedevotedourselvestoprotectingtheocean.Toprotecttheoceanistoprotectourselves.(2022·全国甲)Ⅰ.升级句中加黑词汇1．Withthedevelopmentoftechnology，moreandmorepeoplearefondofonlinepayment.Withthedevelopmentoftechnology，anincreasingnumberofpeoplearefondofonlinepayment.2．Traditionalculturesareveryimportantinourcountry.Traditionalculturesareofgreatimportanceinourcountry.3．Asforme，Ilikeschooluniformsbetterthancasualclothes.Asforme，Ipreferschooluniformstocasualclothes.4．QingdaoliesintheeastofShandongProvince.Qingdaoissituated/locatedintheeastofShandongProvince.5．Everyonemusthaveexperiencedamovingmoment，andI’dliketoshareminewithyou.Everyonemusthaveexperiencedatouchingmoment，andI’dliketoshareminewithyou.6．Iamwritingtosaythankstoyouforyourhelp.Iamwritingtoexpressmygratitudetoyouforyourhelp.7．Hereissomeadvice，whichIhopewillbegoodforyou.Hereissomeadvice，whichIhopewillbebeneficialtoyou.8．Iamveryhappytohearthatyouarecomingtoourcityforavisit.Iamextremelydelightedtohearthatyouarecomingtoourcityforavisit.Ⅱ.升级句式练习1．Theceremonywasscheduledtobeheldfrom8∶00amto11∶00amonJune8，andduringthattimewereviewedthepasteventsandwatchedsomevideosabouttheheroicdeedsofourschoolmatesinthebattleagainstCOVID-19.(用定语从句改写)→Theceremonywasscheduledtobeheldfrom8∶00amto11∶00amonJune8，duringwhichwereviewedthepasteventsandwatchedsomevideosabouttheheroicdeedsofourschoolmatesinthebattleagainstCOVID-19.2．AnEnglishoralcompetitionwasheldthisMondayandourclasswonthefirstprizeinit.(用定语从句改写)→OurclasswonthefirstprizeintheEnglishoralcompetitionthat/whichwasheldthisMonday.3．Doesyoursummercourseofferaccommodation？(用宾语从句改写)→Iwonderif/whetheryoursummercourseoffersaccommodation.4．ThestudentsinterestedinthecontestarerequiredtosignupforitbeforeJuly3.(用主语从句改写)→Itisrequiredthatthestudentsinterestedinthecontest(should)signupforitbeforeJuly3.5．Yougreetothersactively，andyouaremorelikelytomakefriends.(用状语从句改写)→Ifyougreetothersactively，youaremorelikelytomakefriends.6．Webecameexhaustedhalfway，butwemanagedtogettothefinishingline.(用状语从句改写)→Although/Though/Whilewebecameexhaustedhalfway，wemanagedtogettothefinishingline.7．WheneverImeetwithdifficulty，myChineseteachergivesmeencouragementintime.(用强调句改写)→ItismyChineseteacherthat/whogivesmeencouragementwheneverImeetwithdifficulty.8．IamsoanxiousthatIcan’tsleepwellbeforeexams.(用倒装句改写)→SoanxiousamIthatIcan’tsleepwellbeforeexams.9．ThefruitfarmliesatthefootoftheMountYuhuangshan.(用倒装句改写)→AtthefootoftheMountYuhuangshanliesthefruitfarm.10．WewillholdtheexhibitioninthegalleryhallofourschoolonSaturdayafternoon.(用被动语态改写)→TheexhibitionwillbeheldinthegalleryhallofourschoolonSaturdayafternoon.Ⅲ.用适当的过渡词汇填空ALiJiangandSuHuaarediscussingwhattowearwhenreceivingtheBritishstudentsnextmonth.LirecommendsthetraditionalChinesedress1.whileSupreferstheschooluniforms.2．Asforme/Inmyopinion，IwouldbehappytowearthetraditionalChinesedressatthewelcomeceremony.3.Foronething/Firstofall，thisispreciselywhattheBritishvisitorsareexpecting.TheycometolearnaboutChineseculturewiththeirowneyes.4.Therefore，theirChinesepeersinthetypicalChinesedresswouldbehighlyimpressive.Theschooluniformsarefine；5.however，theyarenotspecialenoughtogiveauniqueChineseflavour.6.Foranother/Secondly/Besides，theinconvenienceisnotaproblemifourpurposeistoshareChineseculture.Itisjusttheso-calledinconveniencethatdisplaystherichness，delicacyandgreatfascinationofChineseculturewithahistoryofthousandsofyears.7．Inconclusion/Allinall/Inshort/Inbrief，thetraditionalChinesedresswillmaketheoccasionattractivetotheBritishguests.BDearSir/Madam，IamLiHua，astudentfromGuangmingMiddleSchool.Iamwritingtoasksomequestionsaboutthesummercourse.8．Firstofall，Iwonderwhenthecoursewillbeginandhowlongitwilllast.9.Secondly，Iwanttoknowwhetheryourschoolwillofferaccommodationforthestudents.10.Besides/What’smore/Inaddition，howmuchwillyouchargeforit？11.Lastbutnotleast，howmanystudentswillbethereinoneclass?12．Allinall，Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldreplytomeassoonaspossible.Yours，LiHua强化练(三十八)书面表达(2)Ⅰ.作文升档假设你是晨光中学高三学生李津。你校于6月8日举办了成人礼活动，你的英国朋友Chris很想了解该活动。你于当晚给Chris回一封电子邮件，介绍相关情况，内容包括：1．成人礼活动内容(成长点滴回顾、观看校友抗疫事迹录像等)；2．对活动的感受；3．对自己未来的展望。注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：成人礼thecoming-of-ageceremony；新冠肺炎COVID-19DearChris，I’msogladtohearfromyou.Yours，LiJin学生习作DearChris，I’msogladtohearfromyou.①Inyourlastletter，I’velearnedthatyouwanttoknowaboutthecoming-of-ageceremonyofourschool.②Thefollowingisashortintroductiontotheceremony.③TheceremonywasheldonJune8，andduringitwereviewedthepasteventsandwatchedsomevideosaboutthebravedeedsofourschoolmatesinthebattleagainstCOVID-19.④Weweredeeplymovedbytheirdeeds.⑤Wedecidedtofollowtheexamplesofourexcellentschoolmatesandmakeourselvesusefultothewholesociety.⑥Throughtheceremony，werealizethatthesenseofresponsibilityalwaysaccompaniestheprocessofourgrowth.⑦Suchismyunderstandingaboutgrowingup.⑧Whataboutyours?⑨Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours，LiJin我来提升档次作文升档第一步让词汇高级亮丽利用高级词汇升级文中黑体词汇1．wanttoknow→arecurioustoknow2．short→brief3．washeld→wasscheduledtobeheld4．brave→heroic5．decidedto→weredeterminedto作文升档第二步让句式丰富多变按要求升级句式并将黑体词汇替换为升级后的词汇1．用非限制性定语从句升级句③。TheceremonywasscheduledtobeheldonJune8，duringwhich