2023届高考英语阅读理解之长难句分析-一划二括三会意-读懂高考长难句课件

“一划二括三会意，读懂高考长难句”阅读理解之长难句分析Learningcontents：Theformationofalongsentence.Threestepstoanalyzealongsentence.Exercisesonlongsentences.

Jack,thesonofMr.Smith,whoowns5bigbusinesscompaniesinUSA,accidentallymetabeautifulgirlinNewYorklastweekwhenhewastryingtobuyashirtinaclothesshop,wherethegirlworks,andhesoonfellinlovewithher,wishingtotakecareofherduringtherestofhislife.

Step1Lead-in长难句初体验Thetrunk:Jackmetagirl

andhefellinlovewithher英语句子=主干+修饰Step2

Matchinggame!Ｓ+L+Ｐ（主＋系＋表）Ｓ+Ｖ（主＋谓）Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ（主＋谓＋宾）Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ+Ｃ(主＋谓＋宾＋宾补)Ｓ+Ｖ+O1+Ｏ2（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）Thesunrises.Thedinnerisgood.Jackmetagirl.Hebroughtyouadictionary.Theypaintedthedoorgreen.Activity1Activity2Part1:TheformationofalongandcomplexsentenceTrytoaddmoredetailstoturnitintoonecomplexsentence:Jackmetagirl.Jackmeta...Part1:Theformationofalongsentence1.Jackmetagirl.2.Jackaccidentallymetabeautifulgirl.

3.JackaccidentallymetabeautifulgirlinNewYork.4.JackaccidentallymetabeautifulgirlinNewYorklastweek.

+adj./adv.+prep.加形容词、副词，介词短语，名词初阶难度+n.Part1:Theformationofalongsentence5.JackaccidentallymetabeautifulgirlinNewYorklastweekwhenhewastryingtobuyashirt.6.JackaccidentallymetabeautifulgirlinNewYorklastweekwhenhewastryingtobuyashirt

inaclothesshop,

wherethegirlworks.7.Jack,thesonofMr.Smith,accidentallymetabeautifulgirlinNewYorklastweekwhenhewastryingtobuyashirtinaclothesshop,wherethegirlworks.加从句，介词短语，同位语中阶难度Part1:Theformationofalongsentence8.Jack,thesonofMr.Smith,whoowns5bigbusinesscompaniesinUSA,accidentallymetabeautifulgirlinNewYorklastweekwhenhewastryingtobuyashirtinaclothesshop,wherethegirlworks,andhesoonfellinlovewithher,

wishingtotakecareofherduringtherestofhislife.从4个单词的简单句到60个单词的长长长难难难句！夹杂了同位语，定语从句，状语从句，并列句，非谓语结构，还有形容词、副词充当修饰语，名词短语和丰富的介词短语充当地点状语、时间状语、方式状语！加并列句，非谓语高阶难度史密斯先生在美国拥有5家大公司，他的儿子杰克上星期在纽约的一家服装店买衬衫时，无意中遇到了一位漂亮的女孩，他很快就爱上了她，希望能照顾她一辈子TheEnglishsentenceTrunk

主干成分Leaves&Branches修饰成分adj.介词短语adv.n.从句定从同位语非谓语并列结构状从句子修饰成分:

英语中主要的有五种修饰成分,称为“三长两短"。它们是使句子变复杂的主要因素,再加上同样会使句子变复杂的“平行并列结构”,统称为“三长两短一并列"（1）“三长”:介词短语、从句、非谓语

(2)“两短”:形容词/副词，名词/同位语

(3)一并列-----平行并列结构

由“并列词”and/or/but/aswellas/notonly...

butalo../both...and../Part2介词短语：一般从介词开始到介词之后的第一个名词结束

AftertalkingwithLiHuonthismatterforalongtimefrom2:00t04:00intheafternoon,IreturnedtomyofficeforameetingwithmybossabouttheproblemswithournewcompanyinAmerica.非谓语和从句：虽然二者有不同的开始标志，但结束是一致的。【非谓语动词和从句的起止标识】四种终止：①到句尾终止，如：LiHuiisateacher(whoteachesEnglish).LiHuiisateacher(teachingEnglish)②到句中的逗号终止，如：(WhenIwasyoung),Ilistenedtotheradio.(ToimprovemyEnglish),IoftenlistentotheEnglishradio.③到下一个修饰成分终止，如：IwillinviteYaoMing(whowasatopbasketballplayer)toBeijing.(toBeijing是介词短语，属于另一个修饰成分，故从句的标记在此处终止)Jackwalkedintothehall,(waving)totheaudience.(totheaudience是介词短语，属于另一修饰成分。)④到下一个谓语动词终止.如：YaoMing(whowasatopbasketballplayer)isstudyinginShanghai.Thebag(gavedbymygrandpa)isyellow.

会了原理，如何翻译，可以用提问法：主干部分直接翻译，遇见三长画括号，提着问题往下顺，调字调序写中文。

Borninthemid-17thcenturyinasmallvillagenamedChenjiagoulocatedinCentralChina’sHenanProvince,TaiChiisnotonlyakindof

traditionalWushuintegratedwithslowmovementsanddeepbreathing,butisalsodeeplyrootedinmanyareasofChineseculture,suchasmedicineandphilosophy.太极拳诞生于17世纪中期的河南省陈家沟小村庄里，它不仅是一种结合了慢动作和深呼吸的传统武术，而且深深植根于医学和哲学等中国文化的许多领域Threestepstoanalyzealongsentence一划(二括)三会意一划:划主干,给S.V.O....划____。二括:给修饰成分（三长）加()。三会意：抓主题，去修饰，并列词圈。Activity3两短中一般只给同位语加（），形容词、副词较短且易于辨识，可不做标记！1.GengyuanisateacherteachingEnglishinBeiingwhichisthecapitalofChina一划:划主干(trunk),给主谓宾.(S.V.O.)划___。耿元是一位在中国首都北京教英语的老师1.Twoauthorsofthereviewmadeastudypublishedin2014whichshowedafiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromallcauses.(2018全国一卷语法填空)二括:给修饰语(modifiers)介短,非谓和从句加()。该综述的两位作者在2014年发表的一项研究表明，每天跑步5到10分钟可以降低心脏病和各种原因导致的过早死亡的风险。2.Formanyolderpeoplewholivedinthecountry,drivingwasveryimportantforpreservingtheirindependence,givingthemthefreedomtogetoutwithouthavingtorelyonothers.(2017全国二卷D篇)二括:给修饰语(modifiers)介短,非谓和从句加()。对于许多生活在乡村的老年人来说，开车对保持他们的独立性非常重要，让他们可以自由出行，而不必依赖他人。Inanefforttopreventlanguageloss,scholarsfromanumberoforganizations,includingUNESCOandNationalGeographic,haveformanyyearsbeenrecording

dyinglanguagesandtheculturewhichtheyreflect.(2014年全国一卷阅读D篇)Manyscholarsaremakingeffortsto______promotegloballanguages.rescuethedisappearinglanguages.searchforlanguagescommunities.setuplanguagesresearchorganizations.三会意：抓主题，去修饰，逻辑关系要注意。

为了防止语言流失，包括联合国教科文组织和国家地理在内的许多组织的学者多年来一直在记录濒临灭绝的语言和它们所反映的文化

Step3Practice(一划，二括，三会意)1.Backin1983,astwoscientistsreported,youngmapletreesgettingbittenbyinsectssendoutaparticularsmellthatneighboringplantscanget.(2017年全国二卷)Whatdoesaplantdowhenitisunderattack?Itmakesnoise.Itgetshelpfromotherplants.C.Itstandsquietly.D.Itsendsoutcertainchemicals.早在1983年，两位科学家就报道过，被昆虫咬伤的小枫树会散发出一种特殊的气味，周围的植物也能闻到Practice(一划，二括，三会意)2.Whenyouhaveboughtafishandarrivehome,you’dbetterstorethefishintherefrigeratorifyoudon’tcookitimmediately

(2016年全国三卷7选5阅读)Whenbuyingfish,youshouldfirstsmellit.Thefishwillgobadwithinhours.Donotbuyit.Theeasiestistosteamit.Thisishowyoucandoit.Itrequiresalittleknowledge.Thefatsinfisharethoughttohelppreventheartdisease.______高考长难句分析口诀长难句，看仔细。一划二括三会意。主谓宾，先注意。（一划）(介短非谓和从句)。（二括）抓主题，去修饰。（三会意）逻辑关系要注意。Theresearchersanalyzedvideorecordingsof53child-parentpairsduringeverydayactivitiesathomeandfoundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetween26and46monthsofagehavebetterspatial（空间的）skillswhenassessedat54monthsofage.（2020年全国II卷B篇）Thetrunk:Theresearchersanalyzedvideorecordingsandfound（that）childrenhavebetterspatialskills.Tryagain!(一划，二括，三会意)名词性从句中的主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句，是做主语、宾语和表语的作用，应视为句子的主干成分。研究人员分析了53对儿童-父母在家中日常活动的视频记录，发现在26-46个月大的时候玩拼图的孩子在54个月大的时候有更好的空间技能(空间的Summarizewhatpartsalongsentencecontains.prepositionalphrases（介短）non-predicateverbs（非谓语）clause