高考英语专项复习(1)短文改错

高考英语专项复习(1)短文改错第一页，共41页。2018届高考英语专题复习

短文改错成县陕西师范大学成州中学高三英语组第一页第二页，共41页。命题特点

短文改错短文长度在110词左右,体裁为记叙文,题材为考生熟知的内容。设题的形式通常是多词和缺词各1题,错词8题。设题以句为单位,每句最多两处错误。第二页第三页，共41页。设错方式1.缺词补漏（1）Ilikeplayingpiano.the2.多词删除（1）I’mmoretallerthanhim.3.

错词更正（8）IamfondatEnglish.of注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不记分。第三页第四页，共41页。四不改1.标点符号不改2.大小写不改3.单词拼写不改4.语序错误不改第四页第五页，共41页。短文改错的失分原因1.基础知识不够扎实全面、语法功底不够深厚，对英汉两种语言表达上的差异不甚清楚，使用时频频出现“中式英语”。2、对高考短文改错题的命题方向缺乏了解，因而答题时缺乏经验，思考的针对性、方向性很差。积累技巧失分原因第五页第六页，共41页。错误设置及考点分布两大类型：逻辑错误语法错误词法错误句法错误第六页第七页，共41页。2014-2017全国卷短文改错知识点分布2014一卷2014二卷2015一卷2015二卷2016一卷2016二卷2016三卷2017二卷名词yearshoursairparentshonestyknowledgeyearsinformations改为原形形容词tastywonderfulmuchhelpfulseriousmanyworstfreeinteresting/interested副词beforethere去veryterriblysteadilysoearlier改为early时态语态主谓一致havedon’tlooks/sitthoughtfind/beenbegantoldhaveusedchoosethinktoldcame改为comes非谓语lookingtakingwearingpick前加to代词everywheremanyour加hishiswhat/our/muchmyself加Iall改为both冠词加a去the加thethea加the去thea改为an或者one介词offor/加towithin加offor去掉for连词but去掉andbut去掉andandbeside改为besides从句that宾语where宾语that改为which特殊句式should虚拟第七页第八页，共41页。解题技巧错词词法方面:动词的时态、语态错误、形容词或副词的误用、名词的单复数错误、代词误用、介词误用、连词误用、非谓语动词形式错误等;句法方面:名词性从句连接词、定语从句关系词和主谓一致等。多词或缺词主要考查冠词、介词或代词、不定式符号to。第八页第九页，共41页。

1.不定冠词a和an互改

2.不定冠词a或an和定冠词the互改

3.根据需要增删冠词(注意惯用法)一.冠词常见错误：

第九页第十页，共41页。高考真题1.NowIamlivinginacity,butImissmyhomeincountryside.2.Awomansawhimcryingandtoldhimtowaitoutsideashop.3.Inafact,heevenscaredmyclassmatesawaywhentheycameovertoplay.4.Ifyou'dliketomaketriptoourcitysomeday,Iwillbebetterthanhappytobeyourguide.thethe

a第十页第十一页，共41页。5.Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsofbecomingrichintheshortperiodoftime.6.Butinthatcase,wewilllearnlittleaboutworld.7.Atthefirst,IthoughtIkneweverythingandcouldmakedecisionsbymyself.8.Asresult,theplantsaregrowingeverywhere.9.ThatdayIdidn’tlearnmuchaboutanimals,insectsortrees,butIlearntaimpressivelessonaboutgravity!atheaan第十一页第十二页，共41页。

1.冠词的基本用法。2.固定搭配。解决方案：

第十二页第十三页，共41页。二.名词常见错误：

1.单复数用错。2.可数与不可数名词的混用。3.动词、形容词转化为名词时的错误。第十三页第十四页，共41页。高考真题1.Oneday,littleTonywenttoashoppingcenterwithhisparent.2.Theteenageyearfrom13to19werethemostdifficulttimeforme.3.Theairswebreatheinisgettingdirtieranddirtier.4.Ifwegoonatripabroad,wecanbroadenourviewandgainknowledges.5.Istayedhereforoneandahalfhourandmadesurethatthegirlwasallhopeyouunderstand.parentsyearsairknowledgehours第十四页第十五页，共41页。6.Withinthenextfewminute,mygrandfatheralsocaughtafish.7.Somefriendsofhisgotoseehimeveryday,theytakehimlotsofgoodbookandfreshfruit.8.Christiewasoneofmybestfriendathighschool.9.I’dliketostaythereforhalfamonth,visitingplaceofinterestandpracticingmyEnglish10.Myuncletellsmethatthekeytohissuccessishonest.minutesbooksfriendsplaceshonesty第十五页第十六页，共41页。解决方案：

1.弄清可数与不可数名词。2.记清一些用于固定词组中名词的用法。第十六页第十七页，共41页。

1.介词的多余或缺失2.错用。

三.介词常见错误：

解决方案：1.常用介词的基本用法2.常用介词的固定搭配。

第十七页第十八页，共41页。高考真题1.Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsbecomingrichinashortperiodoftime.2.NowIamleavinghometocollege.

3.Unluckily,on

the

development

of

industrialization,

the

environment

has

been

polluted.4.Tony

saw

a

toy

on

a

shop

window.5.Withthehelpbyourfather,mysisterandIplantedsomecherrytomatoes.6.Therefore,wehavemoretimewithafter­schoolactivitiesofforwithinoffor第十八页第十九页，共41页。7.Wecanlieonthegrassforarest,orsitbythelakelisteningmusic.8.He

was

tall,

with

broad

shoulders

and

a

beard

that

turned

from

black

toward

gray

over

the

years.

9.The

book

I’m

reading

of

talks

about

afternoon

tea

in

Britain.10.Interestingly,it

had

a

connection

by

theBritish

porcelain

industry.11.Infact,theyareplanningtovisitChinainnextyeartointo/towith/to第十九页第二十页，共41页。1.人称代词、物主代词的前后一致性、单复数的一致性。2.人称代词主格和宾格的变化。3.代词的误用与漏用。4.不定代词错用。5.作形式主语与形式宾语it的遗漏或误用。四.代词常见错误：

第二十页第二十一页，共41页。高考真题1.Ifwegoonatripabroad,wecanbroadenyourview.2.Istillwanttohavemyparentstoturntowheneverneedhelp

.3.IthoughtIkneweverythingandcouldmakedecisionsbyyourself.4.MyclassmatesandIaretalkingabouthowtododuringtheholiday.5.Five

minutes

later.Tony

saw

parents..ourImyselfwhathis第二十一页第二十二页，共41页。6.Wemustfindwaystoprotectyourenvironment.7.

Asaresult,theplantsaregrowingsomewhere.8.Therearesomuchthatweoftensharethemwithourneighbors.9.He

had

a

deep

voice,

which

set

himself

apart

from

others

in

our

small

town10.Itdoesnotcostmany,yetwecanstilllearnalot.11.When

he

came

back,I

found

a

bunch

of

flowers

in

her

hand.oureverywheremanyhimmuchhis第二十二页第二十三页，共41页。五.形容词和副词常见错误：

1.形容词与副词的混用。2.形容词与副词比较等级混用。3.同义或近义或反义形容词与副词之间的混用。第二十三页第二十四页，共41页。解决方案：

1.在句中作定语、表语、补语用形容词。在句中作状语，修饰形容词、副词、动词和全句用副词。2.注意比较级或最高级的比较对象和范围。特别注意提示词most,than,as以及其他加强比较等级程度的修饰语。单音节形容词和副词比较级前不可再加more。3.注意many,much,afew,alittle,very,so,too,Ever,never,hard,hardly,ago,before等词的区别。4.-ing形容词与-ed形容词的区别。5.注意并列现象。6.熟记固定搭配so…that,too…to,as…as等第二十四页第二十五页，共41页。高考真题1.Instead,hehopesthathisbusinesswillgrowsteady.2.However,myparentsdidn’tseemtothinksuch.

3.Muchrareanimalsaredyingout.4.Globalwarminghasalreadybecomeaveryseriouslyproblem.5.DadandIwereterribleworried.6.Helikeditsoverymuchthathequicklywalkedintotheshop.somanysteadilyseriousterribly第二十五页第二十六页，共41页。7.Thefruitsaresmallinsize,butjuicyandtaste.

8.Wearegrowingwonderfullytomatoesatnocost!.9.Wedidn’tneedtodosomanyhomework10.Theteachersherearekindandhelpfully.11.Theywerealsothebestandworseyearsinmylife.12.IhopedIcouldbefreelyfromthem.13.Theyarethreelessonsinthemorningandtwointheafternoon.freewonderfultastyTheremuchhelpfulworst第二十六页第二十七页，共41页。六.连词常见错误：

上下文之间的逻辑关系，主要是but与so/and与or之间的误用.第二十七页第二十八页，共41页。高考真题1.Thoughnotverybig,buttherestaurantispopularinourarea.2.Hemakessurethatfreshvegetablesorhighqualityoilareusedforcooking.3.Ifwestayathome,itiscomfortablebutthereisnoneedtospendmoney.4.Theretheairiscleanorthemountainsaregreen.5.Althoughweallowtomatoplantstogrowinthesameplaceyearafteryear,butwehaveneverhadanydiseaseorinsectattackproblem.andandand第二十八页第二十九页，共41页。七.动词常见错误1.时态错误,时态的更改要以上下文的主体时态为依据注意：通常是一般现在时改为一般过去时;或者一般过去时改为一般现在时2.

主谓不一致,如主语为单数，谓语动词未用单数,或主语为复数,谓语动词却用了单数;再就是就近原则对主语的影响

3.语态错用,以及不能用被动语态的词和短语，比如：happen,takeplace,belongto,cometrue第二十九页第三十页，共41页。高考真题1.Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetablesandhighqualityoilareusingforcooking.2.Somepeopleevenhadtowaitoutside.Myuncletellsmethatthekeytosuccessishonesty.3.Wecanchosebetweenstayingathomeandtakeatrip.4.Ithoughtthatitisagoodidea.Itdoesnotcostmuch.5.However,myparentsdidn’tseemtothinkso.Theyalwaystellmewhattodo.toldhaveusedchoosethink第三十页第三十一页，共41页。6.Ihopedtoliveinthecity.IthinkIwouldbehappythere.7.Lotsofstudieshavebeenshownthatglobalwarminghasbecomeaveryseriousproblem.8.Wemustfoundwaystoprotectyourenvironment.9.Tonywasscaredandbeguntocry.10.Wedidn’tneedtodosomuchhomework.Therefore,wehavemoretimeforafter­schoolactivities.11.Mydreamschoollooklikeabiggarden.Thereareallkindsoftheflowers.don’tthoughtfindbeganlooks第三十一页第三十二页，共41页。解决方案1

通读全文，搞清文中动词主体时态.2

结合语境，灵活运用时态形式.3

认真推敲，准确把握主动与被动.第三十二页第三十三页，共41页。4.非谓语动词的错用：主要是doing与done之间的误用,动词不定式符号to的添加,动词原形变成doing的形式等and连接的todo或doing前后一致问题;.第三十三页第三十四页，共41页。高考真题1.Wecanchoosebetweenstayingathomeandtakeatrip.2.IshowedthemIwasindependentbywearstrangeclothes.3.Afterlooksatthetoyforsometime,heturnedaroundandfoundthathisparentsweremissing.4.Hewouldaskwhowewereandpretendnottoknowingus.5.Wehavebeenspendingalotoftimesinginkar