高考湖北卷英语试题解析版解析版

绝密★启用前2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（湖北卷）英语本试题卷共16页，81题。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。【试卷总评】试题总体难度适中，单项填空侧重考查词汇的识记与辨析，考点集中于名词、动词（短语）、形容词、副词以及介词短语；完形填空是一篇故事型的记叙文，话题为“诚信”，贴近学生的生活，富有时代运用气息。文章通俗易懂，无生僻词汇；阅读理解篇幅较长，但题目设置较为简单，侧重考查细节理解题，也涉及推理判断和词义猜测题；完成句子主要考查词汇在具体语境中的语法运用，涉及时态语态、定语从句、倒装句、强调句型、非谓语动词及固定搭配等常见的语法知识点，覆盖面较广，有一定难度；书面表达一篇开放式作文，沿袭了近几年的高考模式，要求根据提示，并结合具体事例，完成一篇英语短文。话题贴近考生生活，难度不大，考生容易得高分。★祝考试顺利★注意事项：.答卷前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用统一提供的2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用统一提供的2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。.完成句子和短文写作题的作答：用统一提供的签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的内容转涂到答题卡±o第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：Howmuchistheshirt?C.£9.18A.£19.5. B.£9.15C.£9.18答案：BB.handedC.awardedD.allowed45.A.atonceB.bychanceC.asusualD.onpurposeB.gentleC.warmD.politeB.lostC.madeD.savedB.shoutedC.noddedD.started49.A上ravelyB.gratefullyC.fondlyD.modestlyB.businessC.jobD.method【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文。和其他卖报郎不同，Jason不愿通过谎称报纸上有热点新闻的方法卖更多报纸，挣更多钱，而是一直坚守着诚信，最终嬴得了邮局里一位绅士的认可，并获得了一份薪水丰厚的工作。.D考查名词。根据上文:.rcarryingAmenewspapers..「可知，此处表示还剩20份报纸没卖完。A项，商店、B项“硬币”3C项“人”;D项号艮纸”。故选D项。.B考查形容词。根据上文可知，小男孩还有20份报纸没卖完，因而心情十分沉重。A项“敞开心扉”；B项“心情沉重”；C项“纯粹，纯净”；D项“虚弱”。故选B项。33.A考查介词短语。根据下文“...tomakemoremoneyto...”可知，小男孩准备把乘U下的报纸而不是钱带回家。A项“代替，而不是”；B项"作为回报、C项“不管，不顾、D项“以换取……故选A项。34.D考查名词。根据下文“…andthecakehewantedtobuy.可知，小男孩想挣更多的钱给母亲买一块蛋糕和鸟食。A项"茶杯”；B项"卡片”；C项“梳子、D项“蛋糕”。故选D项。35.B考查动词短语。句意：当他想到没能卖完报纸，他一下子垮掉了。A项“让步，屈服”；B项"精神崩溃”；C项“离开，逃走”；D项“出现，露面”。故选B项。.D考查名词。句意:你不知道卖报纸的秘诀。你必须大喊：“热点新闻！爆炸新闻！”A项“困难'B项"过程”；C项“目标'D项"秘诀工故选D项。.B考查连词。句意：“（事实上）报纸上根本就没有。”此处语义与上文转折，故用转折连词but。A项表示承接；B项表示转折；C项表示原因；D项表示结果。故选B项。.A考查连词。句意：在他们有时间看之前，迅速跑掉。A项“在……之前'B项“自从”；C项“尽管”；D项“除非”。故选A项。.C考查动词。句意：你就会把报纸卖完，拿到钱。A项callou俨大声叫喊”；B项"退学，退出”；C项sellout“卖完”；D项reachout"伸出（手）故选C项。.B句意：这对Jason来说是个新主意。A项“版本”；B项“主意，想法、C项“政策”；D项“任务”。故选B项。.C考查名词。根据上文”...hewantedtobuya_34_forhismotherandsomeseedsforhisbird”可知,此处意为“没有鸟食”。A项“面包、B项“昆虫'C项“鸟食”；D项“水工故选C项。.D考查形容词。句意：……，但他坚决不会说谎。A项“担心的、B项“惊讶的”；C项“激动的，兴奋的”；D项“坚定的，坚决的”。故选D项。.C考查连词。句意：尽管他仅仅是个贫穷的卖报郎，他受过良好的教育。A项“仍然”；B项“已经、C项'仅仅”;D项“也，故选C项。.A考查动词。根据句意可知，他受过良好的教育。A项，教授”；B项“上交”；C项，奖励rD项“允许，故选A项。45C考查固定搭配。句意：第二天下午，Jason像往常一样去邮局取报纸。A项“立即”；B项“偶然”；C项“像往常一样、D项“故意地，故选C项。.A考查形容词。句意：好几个男孩都簇拥着Chad,他面带微笑，自豪地宣称：前一天他卖了72份报纸。A项“自豪的”;B项“温和的”;C项“温暖的”;D项“有礼貌的”。故选A项。.B考查动词。句意：他补充说道Jason因为不愿说谎没挣到钱。A项“借、B项"失去（没挣到）”；C项“挣得”；D项“节省”。故选B项。.A考查动词。句意：男孩们都对Jason嘲笑，“老弟，昨天你不愿撒谎？”。A项“嘲笑”；B项“大叫，大嚷”;C项“点头”;D项“盯着看”。故选A项。.C考查副词。句意：邮局里的一位绅士走上前来，喜爱地轻拍了Jason的肩膀。“你就是我在找的男孩。”A项“勇敢地”；B项“感激地”；C项“喜爱地”；D项“谦虚地”。故选C项。50c考查名词。根据下文可知，Jason获得了一份薪水丰厚的工作。A项”责任，义务”；B项“生意'C项“工作”;D项“方法”。故选C项。【考点定位】记叙文阅读。【名师点睛】今年湖北高考英语完形填空总体难度有所下降，无生僻单词和复杂句子，考生容易读懂，但个别题目比较纠结，如33、35短语辨析。文章讲述的是一个小报童因诚实亏钱，后又因诚实获得好工作的跌宕起伏的故事。全文凸显人文气息，彰显树人价值导向。考生只要依据故事情节发展，结合上下文复现信息，就可以止确作答。第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。“Iseeyou'vegotabitofwateronyourcoat,“saidthemanatthepetrolstation.6CIsitrainingoutther.e?'"'No,it'sprettynice,^^Ireplied,checkingmysleeve."Oh,right.Apony（马驹）bitmeearlier.”Asithappened,thebitewasvirtuallypainless:morethekindofsmallbiteyoumightgetfromanaughtychild.TheponyresponsiblewasqueuingupforsomeicecreaminthecarparknearHaytor,andperhapsthoughtI'djumpedinaheadofhim.ThereasonwhytheponiesherearenaughtyisthatHaytorisatourist-heavyareaandtouristsareconstantlyfeedingtheponiesfoods,despitesignsaskingthemnotto.Byfeedingtheponies,touristsincreasetheriskofthemgettinghitbyacar,andmakethemhardertogatherduringthearea'sannualponydrift（迁移）.Thepurposeofaponydriftistogatherthemupsotheirhealthcanbechecked,thebabyonescanbestoppedfromfeedingontheirmother'smilk,andthosewho'vegonebeyondtheirlimitedareacanbereturnedtotheircorrectarea.Someofthemarealsolatersold,inordertolimitthenumberofponiesaccordingtotherulessetbyNaturalEngland.Threeweeksago,Iwitnessedasmallnear-disasterafewmileswestofhere.Whilewalking,Inoticedaponyrolloveronhisback."Hello!”Isaidtohim,assuminghewasjustrollingforfun,buthewasverystilland,asIgotcloser,Isawhimkickinghislegsintheairandbreathingheavily.Ibegantoproperlyworryabouthim.Fortunately,ImanagedtogetintouchwithaDartmoor\LivestockProtectionofficerandsendheraphoto.Theofficerimmediatelysentalocalfarmerouttocheckonthepony.Theponyhadactuallybeentrappedbetweentworocks.Thefarmerfreedhim,andhebegantorunhappilyaroundagain.Dartmoorhas1,000orsoponies,whoplayacriticalroleincreatingthediversityofspeciesinthisarea.Manypeopleareworkinghardtopreservetheseponies,andtryingtocomeupwithplanstofindasustainable（可持续的）futureforoneofDartmoor'smostfinancially-troubledelements.Whyaretouristsaskednottofeedtheponies?ToprotectthetouristsfrombeingbittenTokeeptheponiesoffthepetrolstationToavoidputtingtheponiesindangerTopreventtheponiesfromfightingOneofthepuiposesoftheannualponydriftis.tofeedbabyponiesonmilktocontrolthenumberofponiestoexpandthehabitatforponiestoselltheponiesatagoodpriceWhatastheauthor'sfirstreactionwhenhesawaponyrollonitsback?HefreeditfromthetrapHecalledaprotectionofficerHeworriedaboutitverymuchHethoughtofitasbeingnaughtyWhatdoestheauthorimplyaboutthepreservationofDartmoor'sponies?Itlackspeople'sinvolvement.ItcostsalargeamountofmoneyItwillaffecttourisminDartmoor.Ithascausedanimbalanceofspecies【解析】试题分析：这是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文记叙了作者在Haytor关于马驹的所见所闻，目睹了马驹的淘气与脆弱，了解了马驹迁徙的原因以及保护马驹面临的困难。C细节理解题。根据第三段尾句"Byfeedingtheponies,touristsincreasetheriskofthemgettinghitbyacar：andmakethemhardertogatherduringthearea'sannualponydrift（迁移）.“可知不让游客给马驹喂食是为了避免使马驹处于危险中。故选C项。B细节理解题。根据第四段内容'Thepurposeofaponydriftisto...Someofthemarealso...,inordertolimitthenumberofponies…”可知马驹迁移目的之一是为了控制马驹的数量。故选B项。D细节理解题。根据第五段中的“…，assuminghewasjustrollingforfun,...”可知作者认为小马驹很淘气，滚着玩的。故选D项。B推理判断题。根据最后一段中尾句“Manypeopleareworkinghardtopreservetheseponies,andtryingtocomeupwithplanstofindasustainable（可持续的）futureforoneofDartmoor飞mostfinancially-troubledelements."可知保护马驹是对Dartmoor来说是一笔很大的开销。故选B项。【考点定位】夹叙夹议文阅读【名师点睛】夹叙夹议文是近几年高考经常涉及的一类文体，文章一方面叙述事情，另一方面又对事情加以评论，此类文章一般先提出论点，然后以事例说明论点，最后得出结论，或者一边叙■述事情经过，一边对事情加以分析评论，文章最后一段用一句概括性的话点明主题，将叙述和议论有机地结合起来，其中“叙”是“议”的基础，“议”是“叙”的渗透和延伸。考生要注意在通读全文的基础上弄清文章结构，阅读时重点要放在议论部分，因为该部分表达了作者的观点或看法，是文章的精髓。理解了作者的观点和看法，也就把握了全文的主要内容。本文难度不大，通过作者与小马的“亲密接触”介绍了英国达特穆尔荒原淘气的矮种马，散发出浓浓的英伦风。BWhatTheresaLoeisdoingprovesthatalargefarmisn'taprerequisiteforamoderngrow-your-ownlifestyle.Onamere1/10ofanacreinLosAngeles,Loeandherfamilygrow,can（装罐）andpreservemuchofthefoodtheyconsume.Loeisamasterfoodpreserver,gardenerandcanningexpert.Shealsooperatesawebsite,wheresheshareshertipsandrecipes,withthegoalofdemonstratingthateveryonehastheabilitytocontrolwhat'sontheirplate.Loeinitiallywenttoschooltobecomeanengineer,butshequicklylearnedthatherenthusiasmwasmainlyaboutgrowingandpreparingherownfood."Igotintocookingmyownfoodandstartedgrowingmyownherbs（香草）andfoodsforthatfreshflavor「shesaid.Engineerbyday,Loelearnedcookingatnightschool.Sheultimatelypurchasedasmallpieceoflandwithherhusbandandbegangrowingtheirownfoods.“Iteachpeoplehowtolivefarm-freshwithoutafarmJLoesaid.ThroughherwebsiteLoeemphasizesthat"anybodycandothisanywhere.^^Gotanapartmentwithabalcony（6日台）?Plantsomeherbs.Awindow?Perfectspotforgrowing.Startwithherbs,sherecommends,because“they'reveryforgiving."Justalittleoftheherbs"cantakeyourregularcookingtoawholenewlevel,“sheadded."Ithinkit'sagreatplacetostart.^^“Then?Trygrowingsomethingfromaseed,shesaid,likeatomatoorsometea.”Canningisanaturalextensionoftheplantingshedoes.Witheveryplantedfood,Loenoted,there'samomentwhenit'sburstingwithitsabsolutepeakflavor."Itryandkeepitinatimecapsuleinacanningjar/9Loesaid."Canningformeisaboutknowingwhat'sinyourfood,knowingwhereitcomesfrom.”Inadditiontobeingmoreintouchwiththefoodshe'seating,anotherjoycomesfrompassingthisknowledgeandthisdesirefbrgoodfoodtoherchildren:"InfluencingthemandtellingthemyouropiniononnotonlybeingcarefulwhatweeatbutunderstandingthebigqerpictureJshesaid,"thatifwedon'ttakecareoftheearth,noonewill.”.Theunderlinedword"prerequisite（Pare.1）isclosestinmeaningto"”.A.recipeB.substituteC.requirementD.challenge.WhydoesLoesuggeststartingwithherbs?Theyareuseddaily.Theyareeasy,togrow.TheycangrowverytallTheycanbeeatenuncooked.AccordingtoLoe,whatisthebenefitofcanningherplantedfoods?ItcanpreservetheirbestflavorItcanpromoteheronlinesalesItcanbetterhercookingskillsItcanimprovetheirnutrition.Whatisthe“thebiggerpicturev(Para.6)thatLoewishesherchildrentounderstand?TheknowledgeaboutgoodfoodThewaytoliveagrow-our-ownlifeThejoyofgettingintouchwithfoodsTheresponsibilitytoprotectourearth【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文。Loe是“自己种植”现代生活方式的实践者，她热衷于自己种植香草和味道新鲜的食物，并将食物装入密封罐中保持以保持最佳的风味，更想通过自己的举动影响孩子们，让他们意识到保护地球的责任。.C词义猜测题。根据首段第二句"Onamere110ofanacre...andpreservemuchofthefoodtheyconsume^可知面积并不是硬要求。该句句意为：Loe在那里所做的一切证明，一个大农场对“自己种植”现代生活方式来说并不是一个硬要求。故选C项。.B细节理解题。根据第四段中“Startwithherbs...Justalittleoftheherbs...”可知香草很容易生长。故选B项。.A细节理解题。根据第五段中“thereisamomentwhenit'sburstingwithitsabsolutepeakflavor.'Itrytokeepitinatimecapsuleinacanningjar,"可知将种植的事物装入密封罐中保存的好处是能够保持最佳的风味。故选A项。.D词义猜测题。根据最后一段中尾句“thatifwedon'ttakecareoftheearth,noonewill”可知thebiggerpicture指的是保护地球的责任。故选D项。【考点定位】记叙文阅读【名师点睛】记叙文体裁特点是：人不离事，事不离人。写人的文章事情是重点；记事的文章人物是关键。考生要注意抓住故事情节，理解文章脉络，重点关注作者重墨泼就的细节描写，领会作者的写作意图。同时还要把握人物的情绪起伏，要进入“角色”，客观做题。本文顺应当前社会生活潮流，介绍了园艺和食品保存大师TheresaLoe如何利用阳台、小院在喧嚣繁忙的大都市里过田园生活。CHilversumisamedium-sizedcitybetweenthemajorcitiesofAmsterdamandUtrechtintheGooiareaofNorthHolland,theNetherlands.UnlikemostoftheNetherlands,Hilversumisactuallyinahillyareawiththesoilmostlyconsistingofsand.OncecalledtheGardenofAmsterdam,itstillattractstravelerstocomeovertocycleandwalkthroughthesurroundingforests.Theyvisititforarelaxingdayofffromtheurbanmadness.ForDutchpeople,Hilversumisallabouttextile（纺织）andmediaindustries,andmodernarchitecture.Inhistory,Hilversumwaslargelyanagriculturalarea.Dailylifewasmarkedbyfarming,sheepraisingandwoolproduction.ArailwaylinktoAmsterdamin1874attractedrichtradersfromAmsterdamtoHilversum.Theybuiltthemselveslargevillas（另ij墅）inthewoodedsurroundingsofthetown.OneofthefamiliesmovinginwastheBrenninkmeijers,currentlythewealthiestfamilyoftheNetherlands.TheymovedinafterbigsuccessinthetextileindustryandaidedasubstantialtextileindustryinHilversum.Butthetextileboomlastedonlyseveraldecades.Thelastfactoryclosedinthe1960s.Thechangetoamediaeconomystartedin1920,whentheNederlandseSeintoestellenFabriek（NSF）establishedaradiofactoryinHilversum.Mostradiostationssettledinthelargevillasintheleafyareasofthetown.Televisiongaveanotherpushtothelocaleconomy.HilversumbecamethemediacapitaloftheNetherlands,andDutchtelevisionstarsmovedintotheleafyneighborhoodssurroundingthetown.Tntheearly1900s,modernarchitectsW.M.DudokandJ.DuikerplacedhundredsofremarkablebuildingsinHilversum.Thesemodernarchitecturalmasterpieces（杰作）aresomanythatHilversumalmostfeelslikeanopenairmuseum.Dudokaloneshapedmostof20"centuryHilversumandapproximately75buildingsstillbearhisuniquecharacteristics.Hismasterpiece,HilversumTownHall,wasbuiltin1928-1931.Ithaswideinternationalfameandisincludedinmanyarchitecturetextbooks.Thebuildinghasaremarkableshapeandlookslikeacombinationof“blocks”.Actually,onemaystarthisjourneyofmodemarchitecturebywalkingorbikingtheW.M.DudokArchitecturalRouteinHilversum..HilversumisdifferentfrommostoftheNetherlandsinthat.ithasalargepopulationitiscutofffrombigcitiesithasmanybeautifulgardensitisinahillyareawithsandysoil.WhatwasthegreatestcontributionoftheBrenninkmeijerstoHilversum?BuildingarailwaylinktoAmsterdamHelpingitstextileindustrytodevelopConstructinglargevillasforthepoorAssistingitsagriculturalindustry.ThebeginningofthemediaindustryinHilversumwasmarkedbytheestablishmentof.aradiofactorythemedialcapitalaradiostationaTVstation.WhatisknownaboutW.M.Dudok'sHilversumTownHall?Itconsistsofapproximately75buildingsItlookslikeanopenairmuseuminthecityItisaclassicexampleinarchitecturetextbooksIthasshapedmostof20"centuryHilvesum.【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇说明文。介绍了荷兰Hilversum这一地区的地貌特征、工业发展和现代建筑。.D细节理解题。根据苜段第二句kkUnlikemostoftheNetherlands.Hilversumisactuallyahillyarea可知Hilversum不同于荷兰其他地方之处在于它属于沙土丘陵地带。故选D项。.B细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第三句"TheymovedinafterbigsuccessinthetextileindustryandaidedasubstantialtextileindustryinHilversum”可知Brennikmeijers为Hilversum的纺织业做出了巨大的贡献。故选B项。.A细节理解题。根据第三段首句“Thechangetoamediaeconomystartedin1920,...establishedaradiofactoryinHilversum”可知Hilversum传媒业兴起的兴起是以一家无线电厂的建立为标志的。故选A项。.C推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第三、四句"Hismasterpiece...Ithaswideinternationalfameandisincludedinmanyarchitecturetextbooksv可矢口W.M.Dudok'sHilversumTownHall是建筑教不斗书中的——个典范。故选C项。【考点定位】说明文阅读【名师点睛】说明文用平实的语言客观地解释或探讨各种问题，如机器的制造过程、自然或社会现象产生的原因、工程项目的规划或问题的解决方案等，介绍自然科学、社会科学领域的最新成果，社会经济发展过程中出现的新生事物等。本文虽短短几段，却囊括了荷兰小镇Hilversum的前世今生，把一个不怎么出名的小城栩栩如生地呈现在中国读者的眼前。DTheoddnessoflifeinspaceneverquitegoesaway.Herearesomeexamples.Firstconsidersomethingassimpleassleep.Itspositionpresentsitsownchallenges.Themainquestioniswhetheryouwantyourarmsinsideoroutsidethesleepingbag.Ifyouleaveyourarmsout,theyfloatfreeinzerogravity,oftengivingasleepingastronautthelookofafunnyballet（芭蕾）dancer."I'maninsideguy,“MikeHopkinssays,whoreturnedfromasix-monthtourontheInternationalSpaceStation."Iliketobewrappedup.”Onthestation,theordinarybecomesstrange.TheexercisebikefortheAmericanastronautshasnohandlebars.Italsohasnoseat.With,nogravity,it'sjustaseasytopedalviolently.Youcanwatchamoviewhileyoupedalbyfloatingamicrocomputeranywhereyouwant.Butstationresidentshavetobecarefulaboutstayinginoneplacetoolong.Withoutgravitytohelpcirculateair,thecarbondioxideyouexhale（□乎气）hasatendencytoformaninvisible（隐形的）cloudaroundyourhead.Youcanendupwithwhatastronautscallacarbon-dioxideheadache.LeroyChiao,54,anAmericanretiredastronautafterfourflights,describeswhathappensevenbeforeyoufloatoutofyourseat."Yourinnerearthinksyour9refalling.Meanwhileyoureyesaretellingyouyou'restandingstraight.Thatcanbeannoying-that'swhysomepeoplefeelsick.^^Withinacoupledays-trulyterribledaysforsome-astronauts7brainslearntoignorethepanickysignalsfromtheinnerear,andspacesicknessdisappears.Spacetravelcanbesodelightfulbutatthesametimeinvisiblydangerous.Forinstance,astronautslosebonemass.That'swhyexerciseisconsideredsovitalthatNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration（NASA）putsitrightontheworkdayschedule.Thefocusonfitnessisasmuchaboutscienceandthefutureasitisaboutkeepinganyindividualastronautshealthy.NASAisworriedabouttwothings:recoverytimeonceastronautsreturnhome,and,moreimportantly,howtomaintainstrengthandfitnessforthetwoandahalfyearsormorethatitwouldtaketomakearound-triptoMars..Whatisthemajorchallengetoastronautswhentheysleepinspace?DecidingonapropersleeppositionChoosingacomfortablesleepingbagSeekingawaytofallasleepquicklyFindingarighttimetogotosleep..Theastronautswillsufferfromacarbon-dioxideheadachewhen.theycirclearoundontheirbikestheyusemicrocomputerswithoutastoptheyexerciseinoneplaceforalongtimetheywatchamoviewhilepedaling65.Someastronautsfeelsickonthestationduringthefirstfewdaysbecause.theirsensesstopworkingtheyhavetostandupstraighttheyfloatoutoftheirseatsunexpectedlytheirbrainsreceivecontradictorymessages66.OneoftheNASA'smajorconcernsaboutastronautsis.howmuchexercisetheydoonthestationhowtheycanremainhealthyforlonginspacewhethertheycanrecoverafterreturninghomewhethertheyareabletogobacktothestation【解析】试题分析：这是一篇说明文。本文通过举例说明了太空生活的奇妙：在太空睡觉时，对宇航员来说主要的挑战在于恰当的睡眠姿势；宇航员在一个地方运动久了会出现碳毒性头痛；宇航员的大脑接收到矛盾的信息时会感到恶心。最后告诉我们美国国家宇航局对宇航员主要的担心是宇航员回家后的修养期和如何在太空长久地保持健康。A细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二句"Firstconsidersomethingassimpleassleep.Itspositionpresentsitsownchallenges.”可知在太空睡觉时，对宇航员来说主要的挑战在于恰当的睡眠姿势。故选A项。C细节理解题。根据第三段中"Butstationresidentshavetobecarefulaboutstayinginoneplacetoolong....Youcanendupwithwhatastronautscallacarbon-dioxideheadache”可知宇航员在一个地方运动久了会出现碳毒性头痛。故选C项。D细节理解题。根据第四段中“Yourinnerearthinksyou'refailing.Meanwhileyoureyesaretellingyouyou'restandingstraight.Thatcanbeannoying-thafswhysomepeoplefeelsick.”可知宇航员在大脑接收到矛盾的信息时会感到恶心。故选D项。B细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第一、二句"Thefocusonfitnessisasmuchaboutscienceandthefutureas.WhatdoesTomplantodonextweek?A.TomakearobotB.Toenteracompetition.C.Tosurprisethewoman..Whatisthewoman?A.Awaitress.B.Atourguide.C.Asaleswoman..Whatisthewoman'sproblem?A.Sheforgotherseatnumber.B.Shegotonthewrongtrain.C.Shelosthertrainticket..Whyhasthemanstoppedexercising?A.Heisbusymovinghouse.B.Helivesfarawayfromthegym.C.Hedislikesgoingtogymalone..HowisJanetprobablyfeelingnow?A.Disappointed.B.Confused.C.Stressed.第二节（共15小题；每小题L5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。.Howlongisthewomangoingtostayatthehotel?A.Twonights.B.Threenights.C.Fournights.isaboutkeepinganyindividualastronauthealthy...NASAisworriedabouttwothingsand,moreimportantly,howmaintainstrengthandfitness..「可知美国国家宇航局对宇航员主要的担心之一是如何在太空长久地保持健康。故选B项。【考点定位】说明文阅读【名师点睛】科普类说明文历来是高考阅读理解命题的重点，文章逻辑性强，条理清楚，主要考查学生对语篇的整体把握和领悟能力以及对特定细节的认读和处理能力。考生应注意：L平时多读科普知识类文章,学习科普知识，积累常见的科普词汇，从根本上提高科普英语的阅读能力。2.熟悉科普类文章的结构特点。科普类文章一般由标题（高考题中一般不给出标题）、导语、背景、主体和结尾五部分构成。导语一般位于整篇文章的首段。背景交待一个事实的起因。主体则对导语概括的事实进行详细叙述，这部分是命题的重点，考生应该重点把握。结尾往往也是中心思想的概括，并与导语相呼应，命题者常在此要设计一道推理判断题。3.在进行推理判断时，考生一定要以阅读材料所提供的科学事实为依据，同时所得出的结论还应符合基本的科普常识。ESciencehasalotofuses.Itcanuncoverlawsofnature,curediseseases,makebombs,andhelpbridgestostandup.Indeedscienceissogoodatwhatitdoesthatthere'salwaysatemptation（诱惑）todragitintoproblemswhereitmaynotbehelpful.DavidBrooks,authorofTheSocialAnimal:TheHiddenSourcesofLove.Character,andAchievement,appearstobethelatestinalonglineofwriterswhohavefailedtoresistthetemptation.Brooksgainedfameforseveralbooks.HislatestbookTheSocialAnimal,however,ismoreambitiousandseriousthanhisearlierbooks.Ttisanattempttodealwithasetofweightytopics.Thebookfocusesonbigquestions:Whathassciencerevealedabouthumannature?Whatarethesourcesofcharacter?Andwhyaresomepeoplehappyandsuccessfulwhileothersaren't?Toanswerthesequestions,Brookssurveysawiderangeofdisciplines（学科）.Consideringthis,youmightexpectthebooktobeadryrecitationoffacts.ButBrookshasstructuredhisbookinanunorthodox（非常规的），andperhapsunfortunate,way.Insteadofintroducingscientifictheories,hetellsastory,withinwhichhetriestomakehispoints,perhapsinordertokeepthereader'sattention.SoasHaroldandErica,theheroandheroineinhisstory,livethroughchildhood,wehearaboutthescienceofchilddevelopment,andastheybegintodatewehearaboutthetheoryofsexualattraction.Brookscarriesthisthroughtothedeathofoneofhischaracters.Onthewhole,Brooks'sstoryisacceptableifuninspired.Asonewouldexpect,hiswritingismostlyclearand,tobefair,somechaptersstandoutabovetherest.Ienjoyed,forinstance,thechapterinwhichHarolddiscovershowtothinkonhisown.WhileHaroldandEricaarecertainlynotstrongormemorablecharacters,themoreseriousproblemswithTheSocialAnimallieelsewhere.TheseproblemspartlyinvolveBrooks'sattempttotranslatehistaleintoscience..Theauthormentionsthefunctionsofscienceatthebeginningofthepassageto.illustratewheresciencecanbeapplieddemonstratethevalueofBrooks'snewbookremindthereaderoftheimportanceofscienceexplainwhymanywritersusescienceintheirworks.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingcouldbeastrengthofthebook?Itsstrongbasis.Itsconvincingpoints.Itsclearwriting.Itsmemorablecharacters..Whatistheauthor'sgeneralattitudetowardsthebook?Contradictory.Supportive.C,Cautious.D.Critical..Whatistheauthorlikelytowriteaboutafterthelastparagraph?Problemswiththebook.Brooks'slifeexperiences.Deathofthecharacters.Brooks'stranslationskills.【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇议论文。文章先列举出科学的许多功能，接着指出科学有巨大的诱惑力，以致许多作家抵挡不住这种诱惑，在文学作品中运用到科学。并以Brooks的新书Thesocialanimal为例，批判地分析这本书的优势和不足。.D写作用意题。首段第一、二句苜先列举出科学的许多功能，接着指出科学有巨大的诱惑力，以致许多作家抵挡不住这种诱惑，在文学作品中运用到科学。故选D项。.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中hiswritingismostly-clearand,tobefair,somechaptersstandoutabovetherest.Ienjoyed,…”可知作者认为写作思路清晰是这本书的一大优势。故选C项。.D观点态度题。最后一段中的链接词“while”之前是这本书的优势，其后作者指出了其不足。因此作者对这部书持批判的态度。故选D项。.A篇章结构题。文章最后一段中链接词“while”后面部分开始谈论这本书存在的问题。因此紧接着作者应该还是在写这本的不足。故选A项。【考点定位】议论文阅读【名师点睛】议论说理类文章具有以下特点：1.一般按提出问题、分析问题、解决问题的方法写作。作者一般从日常生活中的热点问题、社会上的重大问题、与读者息息相关的问题入手，即提出问题。然后，分析利弊，举例说明，推理判断，即分析问题。最后，阐述观点，提出办法，即解决问题。2.以作者的观点或情感为核心，对细节推理等方面进行考查。3.文章的主题一般是生活中的热点问题、重大问题或与生活息息相关的问题等。考生应注意抓住作者提出的观点、给出的例证及最后得出的结论。同时，理清作为论据的诸多事例和理由之间以及它们和观点/结论之间的内在联系，把握文章的结构。第四部分：书面表达(共两节，满分50分)第一节：完成句子(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)阅读下列各小题，根据汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子，并将答案写在答题卡上的相应题号后。例：wasthattheyoungplayerperformedextremelywellinthetabletennistournament,(delight)令球迷欣喜的是那位年轻的球员在乒乓球锦标赛中表现得极为出色。答案：Whatdelightedthefans/madethefansdelighted.Ifshehadbeenawarethatthemuchroomswerepoisonous,shethemfordinner.(pick)要是知道这些蘑菇有毒，她就不会采来做晚餐了。.thebeefbeingcookedonthestove,themotherpicturedthewholefamilyhavingmealstogether.(look)看着炉子上炖着的牛肉,妈妈想象着一家人在一起吃饭的画面。.Thedirector,adorm-roomintheFilmAcademy,hasalreadymadefourfilms.(share)这位导演已经执导了四部影片，在电影学院求学时杰克(Jack)与他同住在一间寝室。.Intothecompletesilenceofthewaitingclass,“Goodmorning,children.”(come)在全班同学静静的等待中传来了老师甜甜的嗓音:“孩子们，早上好”。.willnotmakeanydifferencetoourarrangements.(say)无论她说什么都是不会对我们的安排有影响。.Wemustactasquicklyaspossiblenow.Justtellusthetaskornot.(undertake)现在我们必须尽快采取行动。你就告诉我们你能否承担这项任务吧。.Theprofessorwasdelightedtofindthattwothirdsoftheprojectbythestudentsindependently.(finish)教授高兴地发现学生们已独立完成了该项目三分之二的工作。.thattheyfoundthelonglostswordoftheMingDynasty.(be)就是在这个湖里,他们发现了失踪已久的明代宝剑。.toonlyafewpeoplehere,hisreputationabroadisverygreat.(know)虽然这里只有几个人知道他,但他在国外的名气却很大。.Manybadhabitscanbeespeciallydifficulttocurebecausetheyarelikely ataveryyoungage.(from).许多坏习惯特殊气味难以纠正，因为它们可能是人们在年幼时就形成了的。【答案】.nothavepicked.LookingatWhen/While(shewas)lookingat.withwhomJackshared/whosharedwithJack.cametheteacher'ssweetvoice.shesays.whether/ifyoucanundertake.had(already)beenfinished.Itwasinthislake.Although/Thoughheisknown.tohavebeenformed【解析】试题分析：完成句子主要考查词汇在具体语境中的语法运用，涉及时态语态、定语从句、倒装句、强调句型、非谓语动词及固定搭配等常见的语法知识点，覆盖面校广，有一定难度。.考查虚拟语气。前面if虚拟条件句形式为hadbeen(对过去的虚拟)，后面主句形式与其形式保持一致,结合句意,应用wouldnothavedone的形式>因此答案为：wouldnothavepicked。.考查非谓语动词。前面分词的逻辑主语应与后面主句的主语保持一致，且与主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系。也可以在前面加上表示伴随的时间连词when/whileo因此答案为：Lookingat或者When/While(shewas)lookingato.考查定语从句。先行词thedirector,再根据搭配sharesth.withsb.可-知答案为：withwhomJackshared/whosharedwithJacko.考查倒装句。本句为表示方位的介词短语位于句首引起的完全倒装结构。因此答案为：cametheteacher'ssweetvoiceo.考查wh-ever引导的名词性从句。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，该空为whatever引导的主语从句，whatever在从句中作主语。因此答案为：Whatevershesayso76.考查whether/if引导的宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，该空为whetherif引导引导的是宜语从句。whetherif...ornot为固定搭配,意为"是否……”。因此答案为：youcanundertakeo77考查时态。根据句意可知,打nish动作发生在wasdelightedtofindthat…之前，故用过去完成时，表示“过去的过去且与project构成逻辑上的动宴关系。因此答案为：had（already）beenfinishedo.考查强调句型。强调句型的基本结构为“Itiswas-被强调部分（通常为主语宾语表语状语）-其他成分”,该句中inthislake（地点状语）提前被强调。因此答案为：Itwasinthislake。.考查although/though引导的让步状语从句和固定搭配。根据句意，结合sb./sth.beknowntosb.固定搭配可知答案为：Although/Thoughheisknown.考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。sb.belikelytodo某人很有可能做，不定式部分用have（been）done表示不定式动作已经发生（完成），因此答案为：tohavebeenformed。【考点定位】考查单词在语境中的灵活运用。【名师点睛】今年湖北高考英语完成句子部分考点分布均匀，总体难度不大，考生比较容易得分。非谓语动词仍然是考查重点，共两道题，72题考查非谓语动词作伴随状语，80题考查belikelytodo；从句部分考查了四道题，是今年的热点，75题考查主语从句，76题考查的宾语从句，73考察定语从句，79题考查的although让步状语从句。时态题77题考查现在过去完成时态；虚拟语气71题考察if条件中的虚拟；74题考查的是完全倒装，这是第二年考查完全倒装，方位副词在句首的完全倒装，特征比较明显。第二节目短文写作请根据以下提示，并结合具体事例，有英语写一篇短文。Questioningisabridgetolearning.Whenyoubegintodoubtsomethingandsearchforananswer,youwilllearn.注意：1.无须写标题；.除诗歌外，文体不限；.内容必须结合你生活中的具体事例；.文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；.词数不少于120,如引用提示语则不计入总词数。【参考答案】Questioningcanleadtosearchingforananswer.Ifweareinthehabitofraisingdoubtsastowhetherwhatwearetoldistrue,wecanfindthecorrectanswerandlearnmore.Twoyearsago,ourteacherofferedusananswertoadifficultmathprobleminclass.Althoughtheanswerseemedalittlestrange,nobodybutIdoubtedit.Thinkingthathissolutionmightbewrong,Icarefullyanalyzedtheproblemandtriedtoworkitoutinadifferentway.Halfanhourlater,Imanagedtofindthecorrectanswer.WhenIshowedmyanswertohim,theteacherpraisedmeformyindependentthinking.FromthisexperienceIhavelearntthatquestioningcanserveasabridgethathelpsustoseekthetruth.【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇“提纲类开放式”作文，沿袭了近几年的高考模式，要求根据提示，并结合具体事例，完成一篇英语短文。考生写作之前必须认真审题，注意描述具体事例时要用过去时态，人称用第一人称，内容紧紧围绕所给的主题，最后要有总结，形成首尾呼应。【亮点说明】首句"Questioningcanleadtosearchingforananswer.”鲜明地亮出了作者的观点。文章使用了状语从句“Ifweareinthehabitofraisingdoubtsa„stowhetherwhatweareto