2020-2021学年北京房山区初三第一学期英语期末试卷及答案

2020-2021学年北京房山区初三第一学期英语期末试卷及答案一、单项填空（共6分，每小题0.5分）从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Mr.Smithisafunnyteacher.Wealllike________lessons.A.his B.her C.your D.their【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：史密斯先生是个有趣的老师。我们都喜欢他的课。考查形容词性的物主代词。his他的；her她的；your你的，你们的；their他们的。根据“Mr.Smithisafunnyteacher.”史密斯先生是个有趣的老师。可知，史密斯是男性，因此用形容词性的物主代词his。故选A。2.PeopleusuallyvisitSanya________winter.A.at B.on C.in D.of【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：人们通常在冬天去三亚。考查介词。at后接具体时刻；on后接具体一天；in后接某年某月某季节；of属于；根据“winter”是冬季，所以用“in”，故选C。3.Tom,hurryup,________youwillmisstheschoolbus.A.and B.but C.or D.so【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：汤姆，快点，否则你会赶不上校车的。考查连词辨析。and和，又；but但是；or否则，要不然；so因此。根据“Tom,hurryup,”可知，此处是否则就赶不上校车。祈使句+or+陈述句，故选C。4.—________doyougotothechessclub,Peter?—Onceaweek.A.Howmuch B.Howoften C.Howlong D.Howfar【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——彼得，你多久去一次象棋俱乐部?——一周一次。考查特殊疑问句，Howmuch多少或询问价格；Howoften多久一次；Howlong时间多长；Howfar距离多远。根据答语“Onceaweek.”，可知应该是问频率，多久一次，故选B。5.—________Iborrowyoureraser?Ileftmineathome.—Ofcourse.Hereyouare.A.Can B.Should C.Need D.Must【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——我能借用一下你的橡皮吗?我把我的忘在家里了。——当然。给你。考查情态动词，Can能；Should应该；Need需要；Must必须。根据“Ileftmineathome.”可知应该是忘记带橡皮，向他人请求借用一下，应该用can表示，故选A。6.TheHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridgeisoneof________sea-crossingbridgesintheworld.A.long B.longer C.longest D.thelongest【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：港珠澳大桥是世界上最长的跨海大桥之一。考查形容词最高级用法。long长的，是原级；longer比较长的；longest最长的，形容词最高级，缺乏冠词the，格式不对；thelongest最长的，是最高级。根据句尾的比较范围“intheworld”在世界上，可知用形容词最高级，故选D。7.Myfatherlikessports.Heoften________inthemorning.A.ran B.runs C.willrun D.hasrun【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：我爸爸喜欢运动。他经常在早上跑步。考查一般现在时。根据“often”可知是频率副词，可推测出是用一般现在时，结合主语是“He”，可知用“runs”，故选B。8.—Whatwereyoudoingat7:00yesterdayevening,Lisa?—I________upthekitchenwithmymother.A.clean B.cleaned C.wascleaning D.amcleaning【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——昨天晚上7点你在干什么，丽莎?——我和妈妈一起打扫厨房。考查动词时态，根据提问“Whatwereyoudoingat7:00yesterdayevening,Lisa?”可知询问的是过去某个时候正在做什么，应该用过去进行时(was/weredoing)，这里主语为I，故选C。9.LindacametoChinain2011.She________herefortenyears.A.lives B.willlive C.wasliving D.haslived【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：琳达于2011年来到中国。她在这里已经住了十年了。考查时态。根据“fortenyears”可知是for+一段时间，用现在完成时，故选D。10.Pleasebequiet!Yourlittlesister________anonlineclassnow.A.willhave B.ishaving C.has D.had【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：请保持安静!你妹妹正在上网络课。考查时态。根据“now”可知是现在正在进行中，可推测出是用现在进行时，故选B。11.The24thWinterOlympics________inBeijingin2022.A.holds B.willhold C.isheld D.willbeheld【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：第24届冬奥会将于2022年在中国举行。考查被动语态。“in2022”是将来时间，用于一般将来时，需借助will构成，可排除A、C选项。主语“The24WinterOlympics”是动词“held”的受动者，需用被动语态，可排除B项。故选D。12.—Couldyoutellme________thisEnglishdictionary?—Sure.IboughtitatXinhuaBookstore.A.whereyoubought B.wheredidyoubuy C.whereyouwillbuy D.wherewillyoubuy【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你在哪儿买的这本英语词典吗?——当然。我在新华书店买的。考查宾语从句，在英语中宾语从句应该用陈述语气，排除选项DB。观察句子，主句是一般现在时，从句时态不受限制，根据答语“IboughtitatXinhuaBookstore.”可知应该是过去时，故选A。二、完形填空（共8分，每小题1分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。ASecondChanceIwasinfifthgradeandabouttotakeasciencetest.Sincefirstgrade,Ihadalwaysbeengoodatschool.SimplesciencewaseasyformeandIalwaysdidwellontests.Whenitcametofifth-gradescience,however,Iwasstruggling(挣扎).Icouldn’tseemto____13____itnomatterhowhardItried.Iwasanxious.Mymomanddadhadalwaysbeensoproudofmygrade,andIdidn’twanttoletthemdown.SojustbeforethetestIhadwrittenseveral____14____fromthetextbookonmydeskinpencil.Thewritingwassolightthatitcouldhardlybeseen.Isat____15____astheteacherstartedtohandouttothetest.Ididn’twanttogetcaught,butIdidn’twanttofail,either.Astheteacherwasstartingdownmyrow,suddenlythefirealarmwentoff.Itwasanunscheduledfiredrill(消防演习).Weall____16____outofthedoorandstoodtogether,waitingtobeallowedbackintothebuilding.AsIstoodoutsideinthewarmsunshine,IrealizedwhatafoolIhadbeen.Iknewmymomanddadwouldstilllovemenomatterwhatmygradewas.Assoonaswecameintotheclassroom,Iwalkedtomydeskand____17____thenotesaway.Ihadbeengivenasecondchance,andIwasn’tgoingtowasteit.Itookthetest,didmybestandfelt____18____.Idon’trememberwhatmygradewas,butwhathappenedthatdayhas____19____inmyheartandmindeversince.Lifeisfullofsecondchances,butyouhavetobewillingtotakethem.Youhavetobewillingtoacceptyour____20____andgrowfromthem.Everydaywhenyouwakeup,youaregivenasecondchanceatlife.Treasureit!Anduseitwisely!13.A.recognize B.understand C.believe D.explain14.A.answers B.letters C.notes D.sentences15.A.quietly B.nervously C.happily D.excitedly16.A.rushed B.stepped C.walked D.looked17.A.cleaned B.sent C.threw D.took18.A.shameful B.frightened C.peaceful D.stressed19.A.worked B.created C.shared D.stayed20.A.decisions B.beliefs C.feelings D.mistakes【答案】13.B14.C15.B16.A17.A18.C19.D20.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己读五年级时，在科学考试前，为了取得好成绩，在课桌上做了几个笔记，事后马上认识到这个行为是愚蠢的，于是抹去了笔记，并尽自己最大努力去考试的故事。本文阐述了这样一个道理：认识到自己的错误，在错误中获得了成长是最明智的。【13题详解】句意：不管我怎么努力都无法理解它。我很焦虑。recognize认出、识别；understand理解；believe相信；explain解释。根据上句“Whenitcametofifth-gradescience,however,Iwasstruggling(挣扎).”可知，应是无论怎么努力，都不能理解五年级的科学课。故选B。【14题详解】句意：所以就在考试前，我用铅笔从我桌上的课本上抄了几个笔记。answers答案；letters字母；notes笔记；sentences句子。根据下文“Assoonaswecameintotheclassroom,Iwalkedtomydeskand…thenotesaway.”可知，应是抄了几篇笔记。故选C。【15题详解】句意：当老师开始分发试卷时，我紧张地坐着。quietly安静地；nervously紧张地；happily幸福地；excitedly激动地。根据前句“Thewritingwassolightthatitcouldhardlybeseen.”和后句“Ididn’twanttogetcaught,butIdidn’twanttofail,either.”可猜测出，应是紧张地坐着。故选B。【16题详解】句意：我们都冲出房门，站在一起，等着被允许回到楼里。rushed冲；stepped行走；walked步行；looked看。根据下句“Itwasanunscheduledfiredrill(消防演习).”可知，火警一响，大家都冲了出去，然后站在外面等待。故选A。【17题详解】句意：我们一进教室，我就走到我的桌子前，把笔记抹去了。cleaned打扫；sent发送；threw扔；took拿走。根据下文“Ihadbeengivenasecondchance,andIwasn’tgoingtowasteit.”可推知，作者把之前做的笔记抹去了。故选A。【18题详解】句意：我参加了考试，尽了我最大的努力，感觉很平静。shameful羞愧的；frightened害怕的；peaceful平静的；stressed焦虑不安的。根据上文可知，作者经过反思，意识到自己在考试前做笔记的行为是愚蠢的，经历了这一番思想斗争，擦除了笔记以后，不用担心被老师抓到，也觉悟到了诚实是最重要的，对待考试成绩的心态也很理性，因此，心情也很平静。故选C。【19题详解】句意：我不记得我的成绩是多少，但是那天发生的事情一直留在我的心里。worked工作；created创造；shared分享；stayed待、停留。根据上文语境可知，该句指考试当天作者身上发生的这一系列事情一直留在作者的心里。故选D。【20题详解】句意：你必须愿意接受你的错误，并从中成长。decisions决定；beliefs信仰；feelings感情；mistakes错误。根据上文可知，作者经过反思，意识到自己在考试前做笔记的行为是愚蠢的，于是擦除了笔记，尽心尽力地考试。因此，自己认识到了自己的错误，并从错误中成长了。故选D。阅读理解（共36分）三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。（共26分，每小题2分）ADuringancienttimes,childrendidn’thavemuchtoenjoythemselves.Whatdidtheydoforfunintheirchildhood?Let’shavealook!PlayingdiaboloDiabolopasseddowntoordinarypeopleduringtheMingDynasty(朝代).Itwasalwaysmadeofbambooandwood,andwashollow(空心的)inthecenter.Bythrowingandcatchingdiaboloonropes,thehigh-speedrotating(旋转)diabolowouldmakeasound.PlayingstoneballsDuringtheQingDynasty,kickingastoneballaroundwasapopularsportinthenorthernpartofChina,anditwasoftenplayedinwintertokeepwarm.Stoneswerecarved(刻)intosmallballsandkicked.WatchingshadowplaysWatchingshadowplayswasverypopularduringtheTangandSongdynasties.Shadowpuppets(木偶)weremadefromthe

leather(皮革)ofdonkeys.Peoplecontrolledpuppetsbehindthewhitescreen,toldstoriesandaccompaniedbymusic.KickingshuttlecocksShuttlecockkickingcameintobeingintheHanDynasty.Ashuttlecockcouldbemadebychickenfeathers(羽毛),coinsandcottoncloth.Itwaskickedingroupsofthreeorfourduringwalkingorrunning.21.Whendiddiabolopassdowntoordinarypeople?A.DuringtheMingDynasty. B.DuringtheQingDynastyC.DuringtheTangDynasty D.DuringtheHanDynasty22.Childrenoften______inwintertokeepwarmduringancienttimes.A.playeddiabolo B.playedstoneballs C.watchedshadowplays D.kickedshuttlecocks23.Shadowpuppetsweremadefrom______.Astones B.bambooandwood C.coins D.leatherofdonkeys【答案】21.A22.B23.D【解析】【分析】本文讲了在古代，孩子们没有太多的乐趣，所以他们在童年就想出了有趣的游戏来玩。详细的讲述了抖空竹、踢石球，看皮影戏和踢毽子等。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据“Playingdiabolo：DiabolopasseddowntoordinarypeopleduringtheMingDynasty(朝代).”可知，抖空竹是明朝传给普通人的。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据“Playingstoneballs：DuringtheQingDynasty,kickingastoneballaroundwasapopularsportinthenorthernpartofChina,anditwasoftenplayedinwintertokeepwarm.”可知，在古代，孩子们经常在冬天玩石球来取暖。故选B。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据“Shadowpuppets（木偶）weremadefromtheleather（皮革）ofdonkeys.”可知，皮影木偶是用驴子的皮制成的。故选D。BThewholeschoolwastalkingaboutthecomingtripatawintercamp.Everyonewasexcitedandlookedforwardtohavingfunatthecamp.ButIwasquitenervousaboutit.“I’llhateit,’’Itoldmyparents.“I’llgethomesick.I’lllookstupidatwintersports,andeveryonewilllaughatme.”“Youmightbesurprised,Jessica,”saidMom.“Theonlywaytofindoutistotry.”“It’swhatgrowingupisallabout,”Dadadded.Whenarrivingatthecamp,wewereaskedtoshareonefear.“I’mafraidI'llbehomesick,”someonesaid.Iwasn’ttheonlyone!Ibegantorelax.Afterlunch,wewereaskedtoskidowntothefield.Iskiedcarefully,butIstillhitapieceoficeandfelldown.“Ha!Ha!”Behindme,somebodystartedlaughing.Ilookedbacktoseewhowasmakingfunofme.Tomysurprise,Isawagirlinthesameawkward(尴尬的)positionasIwasin.“IthoughtI’dbebadatthis,butI’mworsethanIexpected!”shesaid.Suddenly,Istartedlaughing,too.Afterbeingsoafraidoffalling,itwasacomfortnottofearitanymore.Atdinnertime,IwassohappytobetalkingaboutinterestingthingsthatIforgettofeelhomesick.Thenextday,Iwaschosentotryskijumpingfirst,eventhoughIdidn'twantto.Butwhenmyfeetlefttheground,IfeltIwasflyinganditwaswonderful.MaybeMomwasrightwhenshesaid,“Youmightenjoyitifyougiveitachance!’’.Weallworryaboutnotfittinginandfailingwhenwetrynewthings.Butthingsarealwaysbetterthanweexpected.Weshouldbebraveenoughtohaveatry.24.Thewriterfelt______beforethewintercamp.A.surprised B.excited C.relaxed D.nervous25.Whathappenedtothewriterwhensheskieddowntothefield?A.Shegothomesick. B.Shefelldown. C.Sheskiedfirst. D.Shehitagirl.26.Thewriter’sstorymainlytellsusthat______.A.skiingbringsusalotoffun B.takingpartinacampisnecessaryC.weshouldbebravetotrynewthings D.weshoulddosomethingfuntoforgetfear【答案】24.D25.B26.C【解析】本文讲述了整个学校都在谈论即将到来的冬令营之旅。每个人都很兴奋，期待着在营地玩得开心。但是作者很紧张。参加后发现这次旅行还不错。当尝试新事物的时候，人们都会担心无法融入和失败。但事情总是比想象的好。应该勇敢地试一试。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Thewholeschoolwastalkingaboutthecomingtripatawintercamp...Butwasquitenervousaboutit.”可知，整个学校都在谈论即将到来的冬令营之旅。每个人都很兴奋，期待着在营地玩得开心。但是我很紧张。故选D。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第七段中“Iskiedcarefully,butIstillhitapieceoficeandfelldown.”可知，我小心地滑雪，但还是撞上了一块冰而摔倒了。故选B26题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段中“Weallworryaboutnotfittinginandfailing...thanweexpected.Weshouldbebraveenoughtohaveatry.”可知，当我们尝试新事物的时候，我们都会担心无法融入和失败。但事情总是比我们想象的好。我们应该勇敢地试一试。因此可知作者写这篇文章主要告诉我们应该勇于尝试新事物。故选C。CImaginethis.There’sanappleandapieceofcakeonatable.Whichonewouldyoulike?

Thedeliciouscakeorthehealthyapple?

Abestseller,WillpowerRediscoveringOurGreaterStrength,suggeststhatwillpower(意志力)istheabilitytomakedecisionsthatarebetterforusinthelongterm,ratherthanintheshortterm.Here

isafamousexperimentinthebook:

themarshmallow(棉花糖)test.In1972,

ProfessorWalterMischeltestedthewillpowerof600four-year-oldstosix-year-olds.Intheexperiment,

eachchildwasleftaloneinaroomforfifteenminuteswithamarshmallowonatableinfrontofthem.Theyweregiventwochoices:

theycouldeithereatitor,

iftheywaitedfifteenminutes,

they’dbegivenasecondoneandthentheycouldeatboth.So,whatdidthekidsdo?

Well,asyoucanimagine,

70%atethefirstmarshmallowwithinthefifteenminutes.Buttheother30%showedwillpowertheycontrolledthemselvesandwaitedforthesecondmarshmallow.ButthenMischeldiscoveredsomethingreallyinteresting.Twentyyearslater,

hegotintouchwiththechildren,

who,

bythen,

wereintheirearlytwenties.Andhefoundthatthosewho’dshownstrongwillpowerweregettingbettermarksatuniversityandweremorepopular.Willpowerislikeamuscle(肌肉),

andthemoreyouexerciseit,

thestrongeritgets.So,

ifyoudodaily“self-controlexercises”,

suchasmakingyourbedorbrushingyourteeth,

you’llimproveyouroverallwillpower.Anddailywillpowerexerciseswillhelpyouwiththosebiggergoals,

suchasstudyingforanexamortrainingforamarathon.Be

carefulthough.Justlikeanymuscle,

your“willpowermuscle”cangettired.Ifyou’vehadtodolotsofthingsthatrequirewillpower,takeabreakorgiveyourselfatreat.That

way,

you’llbuildupyourwillpoweragain.And

onelastthing,

thewritermentionspeoplewholearnforeignlanguagesusuallyhavealotofwillpower.So,congratulations!27.Fromthemarshmallowtest,wecanlearnthat______.A.thekidsfeltdifficulttomakechoices B.mostofthekidsshowedweakwillpowerC.marshmallowscouldhelpimprovewillpower D.thekidscouldeatonemarshmalloweveryfifteenminutes28.Thewriterprobablyagreesthat______.A.willpowershouldbekeptpracticingwithoutanystopB.willpowercanbebuiltupbydealingwithdifficultiesC.strongwillpowercanhelppeopleachievetheirgoalsD.strongwillpowercanhelppeoplemakerightdecisions29.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thefindingoftheexperiment. B.Theprocessoftheexperiment.C.Thepurposeoftheexperiment. D.Thebackgroundoftheexperiment.【答案】27.B28.C29.A【解析】短文主要讲述了一本畅销书《意志力：重新发现我们最大的力量》，以及书中的一个著名试验，告诉我们意志力对人们的生活有着很大的影响。【27题详解】推理判断题，根据“So,whatdidthekidsdo?Well,asyoucanimagine,70%atethefirstmarshmallowwithinthefifteenminutes.Buttheother30%showedwillpowertheycontrolledthemselvesandwaitedforthesecondmarshmallow.”70%的人在15分钟内吃掉了第一块棉花糖。但另外30%的人表现出意志力，他们控制住自己，等待第二个棉花糖。可推知从棉花糖测试中，我们可以知道大多数孩子的意志力很弱，故选B。【28题详解】细节理解题，根据“Anddailywillpowerexerciseswillhelpyouwiththosebiggergoals,suchasstudyingforanexamortrainingforamarathon.”，可知每天的意志力锻炼会帮助你实现这些更大的目标，比如为考试而学习或为马拉松而训练。故选C。【29题详解】主旨大意题，根据第三段中“So,whatdidthekidsdo?”那么，孩子们做了什么?再结合“ButthenMischeldiscoveredsomethingreallyinteresting.”但后来米歇尔发现了一件非常有趣的事。可推知文章第三段讲述了试验的发现，故选A。DYoufeelhappiestwhenyoucreateahealthybalancebetweengivingandreceiving.Ifyougivewithoutspendingtimefillingyourownneeds,thenit’slikelyyouwillburnout,orfeelupset.Whenyoutakewithoutgivinganythingback,youneverfeelfulfilled,soyouarealwayssearchingforwaystofilltheemptyspaceinyourlife.Thewaytocreateahealthybalancebetweengivingandreceivingistoknowandthenlivebyyourvalues.IbreakvaluesupintotwogroupswhichIcall“being”valuesand“having”values.Your“being”valuesarethepersonalities(性格)oftheideal(理想的)personyouwouldliketobe.Peoplecanchoosesome“being”valuesthattheyarewillingtomakeapromisetoliveby.Anexampleofsome“being”valuesare:kind,loving,generous,peaceful,wiseandevenpowerful.Byactingonthesevalues,yougivetoothersthroughyouractionsandyouinspire(激励)othersbybeingapositiverolemodel.Masteringbeingthesepersonalitiesbecomesyourlifepurpose.Your“having”valuesarethefeelingsyouneedtocreateinordertobehappy.Thesecouldbecompanionship,achievementorsupport.Thisiswhatyoureceive.Youtakeresponsibilityforfillingyourownneedsbytakingstepstocreatethesefeelingsandconditionsinyourlife.Whenyoumakeapromisetolivebyyour“being”values,itbecomeseasiertomakeconscious(慎重的)choices.Ifyouusuallytalkaboutyourproblems,youcouldchoosetothinkandactlikeacalmperson.Acalmpersonmightgoforawalk,orsetatimelimitbeforeyoureact.Ifyouusuallyworryaboutsomething,youcouldchoosetoactlikearesponsibleorwiseperson.Aresponsibleorwisepersonmighthavethecouragetodealwithdifficultiestheymeet.Inotherwords,youwouldactlikethepersonyouchoosetobe—thisisthekeytopersonalpower.Whenyouchoosetoactonyourvalues,younotonlyfeelgoodaboutyourself,butyoumakeyourchosenbeliefsstronger.Overtimeactinginthiswaychangeshowyouseetheworld,andinturnthewayotherpeoplethinkofyou.30.Theword“fulfilled”inParagraph1probablymeans“______”.A.satisfied B.disappointed C.awful D.powerful31.Accordingtothepassage,livingbyyour“being”values,youwould______.A.getalotofpower B.receivesupportfromothersC.fillyourownneeds D.formpositivepersonalities32.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Havingvaluesaremoreimportantthanbeingvalues.B.Thewayotherpeoplethinkofyouchangesyourvalues.C.Youmayshakeyourbeliefswhenyourvaluesarecleartoyou.D.Actingonyourvaluescanhelpbalancewhatyougiveandreceive.33.Whatisthewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Toshowtheimportanceofgiving. B.Toexplainwhatpersonalvaluesare.C.Totellpeoplehowtobetrulyhappy. D.Toencouragepeopletohavealifepurpose.【答案】30.A31.D32.D33.C【解析】【分析】本文主要向我们描述了如果我们要想幸福，就要在奉献和接受之间取得一个平衡。告诉我们如何才能让自己真正幸福。【30题详解】词义猜测题。根据后句“soyouarealwayssearchingforwaystofilltheemptyspaceinyourlife.”所以你总是在寻找方法来填补你生活中的空白。可以推测出，是因为你永远不会感到满足。划线词fulfilled意为“满意的，满足的”。故选A。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据“Byactingonthesevalues,yougivetoothersthroughyouractionsandyouinspire(激励)othersbybeingapositiverolemodel.…yourlifepurpose.”可知，通过践行这些价值观，你通过行动给予他人，并通过成为积极的榜样激励他人。掌握这些个性成为你的人生目标。因此推断，如果某物以beingvalue的方式在生活，我们就会更加积极向上。故选D。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据“Whenyouchoosetoactonyourvalues,younotonlyfeelgoodaboutyourself,butyoumakeyourchosenbeliefsstronger.”当你选择按照自己的价值观行事时，你不仅对自己感觉良好，而且使你所选择的信念更加坚定。结合文章可以推测出，按照你的价值观行事可以帮助平衡你的付出和收获。故选D。【33题详解】主旨大意题。根据“Youfeelhappiestwhenyoucreateahealthybalancebetweengivingandreceiving.”可知，本文介绍了如果我们想要幸福，就要在给予和接受之间建立一个健康的平衡。因此作者写这篇文章的主要目的是：告诉人们如何获得真正的幸福。故选C。四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。（共10分，每小题2分）SomescientistswerestudyingseaturtlesinCostaRicainCentralAmerica.Suddenlytheyfoundoneturtlehadsomethingstickingoutofitsnose.Itcouldnotbreathe.Atfirst,thescientiststhoughtitwasaworm.Butwhentheypulledtheobjectout,itwasaplasticstraw.Thewastecreatedbyplasticstrawsisunbelievable.IntheUnitedStatesalone,500millionstrawsarethrownawayeveryday.That’senoughstrawstocircletheEarthtwice,orfill125schoolbuses.Plasticstrawsarealmostneverrecycledbecausethey’retoosmallandcouldbemadefromseveraldifferenttypesofplastic.Manyofthemendupaslitterinourstreetsorworse,plasticwasteinouroceans.Theyaren’tthebiggestpolluterofourwaterways,buttheycanbesomeofthemostdangeroustoseaanimals.

Theirsizemakesthemeasyforfishorbirdstoeat.About71%ofseabirdsand30%ofturtlesarefoundwithplasticintheirstomachs.Whentheseanimalseattheplastic,theyhavea50%mortalityrate(死亡率).MiloCressisaboyfromVermont,America,whowantedtoreduce(减少)andpossiblyendtheuseofplasticstrawsinrestaurants.In2011,attheageof9,hefoundedtheBeStrawFreeproject,whichfocusesonbuildingawareness(意识)aboutplasticwasteanditseffectontheenvironment.“InoticedthatwheneverIorderedadrinkatarestaurant,itwouldusuallycomewithastrawinit,andIdon’tusuallyneedastraw,”Milosaid.Hestartedaskingthelocalrestaurantownerstostopprovidingthecustomerwithastrawunlessheorsheasksforone.Manyofthemagreedandjoinedthemovement.Bydoingthat,therestaurantsreportareductioninthenumberofstrawstheyusebetween50and80%.Drinkingwithastrawisfun.Butthinktwice.Foranyonewhoreallylikestouseastraw,thereareseveralwaystogo.Thebestoneistryingareusableone,whichcanbewashedalongwithdishes.Bamboo,metalandglasscanbeusedtomakereusablestraws.Anotheroneistousepaperstraws,whicharerecyclableandcanbefoundinattractivecolorsandpatterns.Withchoicesavailable,there’snoreasontoaddtotheplasticstrawwasteproblem.34.HowmanystrawsarethrownawayeverydayintheUnitedStates?______________________________35.Whyareplasticstrawsalmostneverrecycled?______________________________36.WhendidMilofoundtheBeStrawFreeproject?______________________________37.WhatdidMiloaskthelocalrestaurantownerstodo?______________________________38.Whatarethechoicesforpeoplewhoreallyliketousestraws?______________________________【答案】34.500million.35.Becausethey’retoosmallandcouldbemadefromseveraldifferenttypesofplastic.36.In2011.37.Tostopprovidingthecustomerwithastrawunlessheorsheasksforone38.Theycanusereusablestrawsorrecyclablepaperstraws.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了塑料吸管所带来的危害，以及一些解决方法。【34题详解】根据文章第一段中的“500millionstrawsarethrownawayeveryday”可知，每天有5亿个吸管被扔掉，故填500million。【35题详解】根据文章第三段中的“Plasticstrawsarealmostneverrecycledbecausethey’retoosmallandcouldbemadefromseveraldifferenttypesofplastic”可知，塑料吸管几乎从不回收利用，因为它们太小，并且由几种不同类型的塑料制成，故填Becausethey’retoosmallandcouldbemadefromseveraldifferenttypesofplastic。【36题详解】根据文章第四段中的“In2011,attheageof9,hefoundedtheBeStrawFreeproject”可知，2011年，9岁的他创立了“无吸管”项目，故填In2011。【37题详解】根据文章第五段中的“Hestartedaskingthelocalrestaurantownerstostopprovidingthecustomerwithastrawunlessheorsheasksforone”可知，他开始要求当地餐馆老板停止向顾客提供吸管，除非顾客要求吸管，故填Tostopprovidingthecustomerwithastrawunlessheorsheasksforone。【38题详解】根据文章最后一段中的“Thebestoneistryingareusableone,whichcanbewashedalongwithdishes”和“Anotheroneistousepaperstraws,whicharerecyclableandcanbefoundinattractivecolorsandpatterns”可知，对于喜欢用吸管的人来说，他们可以使用可重复使用的吸管或可回收的纸吸管，故填Theycanusereusablestrawsorrecyclablepaperstraws。书面表达（共10分）五、文段表达（10分）从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。39.假如你是李华，你们学校将举办废物利用创意作品展。要求每人制作一份手工制品（hand-madecrafts）。你们学校交换生Peter给你发邮件询问相关事情。请用英语回复一封邮件，告诉他展览举办的时间、地点，并分享你设计作品的一些想法。提示词语：playground,bottlesandcans,oldclothes,modelplanes,bags提示问题：●Whenandwherewillthisexhibition(展览)beheld?●WhatwouldyouliketosharewithPeteraboutmakingit?DearPeter,I’mgladtoreceiveyouremail.Wewillholdahand-madecraftsexhibitionbymakinguseofwastes._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________