unit4naturaldisasters第2课时discoveringusefulstructures高一英语系列

Unit4

Natural

disasters

DiscoveringUsefulStructures限制性定语从句（1）ContentsPart1StudyingtherulesPart2Practice在复合句中，修饰某一名词、代词或整个主句的从句叫作定语从句。Step1.LeadinThepigthat/whichsurvivedtheearthquakeinWenchuandiedattheageof14.that/whichsurvivedtheearthquakeinWenchuanrestrictiverelativeclause限制性定语从句。Step2.PresentationTheTangshanearthquakewasaterribleexperiencethatmygreat-grandmacannotforget.Thecouplewholivenexttousvolunteeredtohelpafterthevolcanoerupted.Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.MrLiis

anarchitectwhosedesignsforthenew

townhavewonpraise.AdoctorwithwhomJamesusedtoworkdiedinthe2016earthquakeinEcuador.Findandunderlinetherestrictiverelativeclausesinthesentencesbelow.1.Theearthquakethat/whichhitthecityin1906wasthebiggestinAmericanhistory.2.Wedon'tknowthenumberofpeoplewho/thatlosttheirhomesinthedisaster.3.Wetriedtohelptheboywhosefamilydiedintheearthquake.4.Theonlythingthatsupportedthegirlisthekindnessfromthousandsofpeople.5.Wetalkedalotabouttheactorandthefilmthatinterestedusattheparty.6.Whothatyouhaveeverknowncanhelpmewithit?7.Theteacherwhom/who/thatyouadmireiscoming.Readthesentencesandpayattentiontothewordsinred.4.Theonlythingthatsupportedthegirlisthekindnessfromthousandsofpeople.5.Wetalkedalotabouttheactorandthefilmthatinterestedusattheparty.6.Whothatyouhaveeverknowncanhelpmewithit?一、定义1.在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。2.关系词分为关系代词(that，which，who，whom，whose，as等)和关系副词(when，where，why等)两类。

限制性定语从句二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who引导的定语从句Thechildrenwhowereinjuredinthecaraccidentarebeingtreatedinthehospitalnow.目前，在车祸中受伤的孩子们正在医院接受治疗。Dannywasthemanwhowerescuedfromtheruins.丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的那个人。[知识小结1]

who指人，在定语从句中可以充当____________________。主语、宾语2.whom引导的定语从句Roseistheperson(who/whom)youshouldcareabout.罗丝是你应该关心的人。Theboy(whom)theteacheroftenpraisesistheirmonitor.老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。[知识小结2]

whom指人，在定语从句中作____________，可省略，也可用____________代替。宾语who3.whose引导的定语从句Iknowthepersonwhosehousewasdestroyedintheearthquake.我认识那个人，他的房子在地震中被摧毁了。Helivesinaroomwhosewindowfacesnorth.他住在一个窗子朝北的房间里。[知识小结3]

whose既可以指人，也可以指物，表示“所属”关系，whose在定语从句中作____________。定语4.which引导的定语从句Theyoungmanwasveryhappytogetbackthegoldring(which)hehadlostonthetrain.那个年轻人领回了在火车上丢失的金戒指，非常高兴。Thelittlegirlishavinganapplewhichisbigandred.小女孩正在吃一个又大又红的苹果。[知识小结4]

which指____________，在定语从句中作主语、宾语，作宾语时可省略。物5.that引导的定语从句主语、宾语或表语

who/whomwhich(1)关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语，因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。(2)关系代词在从句中作主语时不能省略，作宾语时可以省略。关系词有两个作用：一、引导定语从句二、代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。理解概念，弄清楚关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分，是掌握定语从句的关键。[即学即练1](1)用适当的关系代词填空①Doyouknowtheman____________istalkingwithyourmother?②Thisistheperson____________youshouldthankforhelpingyourson.③Thegirl____________graduatedfromCambridgeUniversityiscalledAmanda.④Ilikethosebooks____________topicsareabouthistory.⑤Anystudent____________familyistoopoortogotoschoolcangethelpfromthegovernment.⑥Look，herearesomepeople____________Iwantyoutomeet.whowho/whomwhowhosewhosewho/whom/that⑦Doyoustillrememberthechickenfarm____________wevisitedthreemonthsago?⑧Thepicture____________wasabouttheaccidentwasterrible.(2)判断正误昨天晚上我们看的那部电影非常吓人。⑨Thefilm(that/which)wesawitlastnightisveryfrightening.(

)⑩Thefilm(that/which)wesawlastnightisveryfrightening.(

)that/whichwhich/thatFT三、关系词只能用that而不用which的情况1.当先行词为all，little，few，some，none，something，everything，nothing，anything，much等不定代词时。 HaveyoutakendowneverythingthatMr.Lisaid?李老师讲的你都记下来了吗？

Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.所有能做的都做了。2.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinLondonwastheBigBen.

在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。

ThisisthemostdeliciousfoodthatIhaveeverhad.

这是我吃过的最美味的食品。

3.先行词被all，every，theonly，thevery，thelast等修饰时。 I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.我已经读了所有那些不是我的书。 Theonlythingthatshecoulddowastogotothepoliceforhelp.

她唯一能做的事就是去求助警察。 IhavefoundtheverypenthatIlostyesterday.我已找到昨天丢的钢笔。4.当先行词既指人，又指物时。

Weoftentalkaboutthepersonsandthingsthatweremember.

我们常常谈起我们记得的那些人和事。

[即学即练2]

补全句子①Thisisthemostbeautifulpark____________________.这是我参观过的最漂亮的公园。②Shetookphotographsofthethingsandpeople____________________.她把她感兴趣的人和物都拍摄了下来。③Chattingwas____________________interestedhermost.聊天是她唯一最感兴趣的事。thatIhavevisitedthatshewasinterestedintheonlythingthatSummaryCompleteeachsentencewiththat,which,who,whose,whom,or“/".

Then

translatethesentencesintoChinese.1.Herearesomeofthepeople

______

homesweredestroyedbythetyphoon.2.Theterribleshakingofthebuildingwokeupallthepeople

________

wereasleep.3.Thenextday,peopleputupsheltersintheopen

airusinganything

______

they

couldfind.4.Severaldayslater,mostofthebuildings

______

hadbeendamagedbythehurricane

wererepaired.5.Theinjuredboy

______

motherwaslost