三维设计高考英语一轮复习提能力创新演练：必修三Unit7TheSea

你的首选资源互助社区A卷Ⅰ.单项填空1．Icouldjustseeacarinthedistance,butIcouldnot________whatcoloritwas.A．lookout B．makeoutC．turnout D．watchout解析：lookout“小心”；turnout“驱赶，证明是，结果是”；watchout“密切注视，当心”。makeout意为“看清，辨认清楚”，符合句意“我只能看到远处有辆汽车，但我辨认不出是什么颜色”。答案：B2．Childrenwon'tputonweighteasilyifthey________toeatfruitandvegetables.A．persuade B．werepersuadedC．willbepersuaded D．arepersuaded解析：句意：如果说服了孩子们吃水果和蔬菜，他们是不会长胖的。本题考查persuadesb.todosth.“说服某人做某事”的被动形式sb.bepersuadedtodosth.。答案：D3．(2012·马鞍山月考)________theirtheories,whatwethinkofasemptyspacedoesinfactcontainenergyintheformofmovement.A．Inadditionto B．BecauseofC．Onaccountof D．Accordingto解析：inadditionto“除……之外(还有)”；becauseof“因为”；onaccountof“因为”。accordingto意为“根据”，符合句意“根据他们的理论，我们认为是空洞的东西实际上却包含以运动形式的能量”。答案：D4．Oncediagnosedwithlungcancer,apatientisluckyto________forfiveyears.A．remain B．stayC．survive D．cure解析：句意：一旦病人被诊断出患有肺癌，能存活五年便很幸运了。survive“存活”，符合句意。答案：C5．Anawardwas________toProfessorLiforhisgreatachievements.A．shown B．presentedC．provided D．praised解析：考查动词词义辨析。present“颁发，授予，展现”，符合题意。presentsth.tosb.“将某物颁发或授予某人”，此处为其被动语态。show“显示，上演，表明”；provide“提供”；praise“表扬”。答案：B6．Wewerehavingdinner________myneighbourrushedin.A．while B．asC．when D．then解析：bedoing...when...为固定句型，意为“正在……这时……”。when在本句型中作并列连词，相当于andatthattime。答案：C7．Don'tputthecuponthe________ofthetable.Itmayfalloffontotheground.A．side B．edgeC．end D．way解析：句意：别把杯子放在桌子的边沿，它会掉到地上的。ontheedgeof“在……的边沿”，为固定短语。答案：B8．(2012·鹤壁统考)________afineday,therocketwillbelaunchedontimeaccordingtoitsplannedtime.A．Being B．ItbeingC．Tobe D．Itis解析：句意：由于天气良好，火箭将按原计划准时发射。Itbeingafineday为独立主格结构，在句中作状语。答案：B9．(2012·龙岩一模)Thefilmwas________frombeingshowninseveralcountries.A．banned B．protectedC．cancelled D．ordered解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：那部电影在好几个国家被禁止放映。ban“禁止”；protect“保护”；cancel“取消”；order“命令”。故选A。答案：A10．ItisreportedthatAmericanseattoomuchproteineveryday,________astheyactuallyneed.A．twiceasmuch B．astwicemuchC．muchastwice D．asmuchtwice解析：考查倍数表达法。本题符合“as＋形容词/副词＋as”结构。答案：A11．He________theburninghouseandnarrowly________death.A．escaped;escapedB．escapedfrom;escapedfromscientistslearningsometricksthatmayhelpgoodhabitsreplacethebad.“Whyarebadhabitsstronger?You'refightingagainstthepowerofanimmediatereward.Weallascreaturesgivegreatervaluetoanimmediaterewardthansomethingthat'sdelayed，”saysDr.NoraVolkow,directoroftheNationalInstituteonDrugAbuse.Justhowthatbitofhappinessturnsintoahabitinvolvesapleasure­sensingchemicalnameddopamine(多巴胺).Ittrainsthebraintowantthatrewardagainandagain—increasingtheconnectioneachtime—especiallywhenitgetstherightcue(暗示)fromyourenvironment.Peopletendtooverestimatetheirabilitytoresisttemptationsaroundthem,thusdestroyingattemptstogetridofbadhabits.Evenscientistswhorecognizeitfindithardtoresist.“Idon'tlikepopcorn.ButeverytimeIgotothecinema,Ihavetoeatit，”Volkowsays.“It'sfascinating.”Amovementtopaypeopleforbehaviorchangesmaymakeuseofthatconnection,assomecompaniesofferemployeesimmediatepaymentsforadoptingbetterhabits.Howeverpayingforbehaviorturnsout,researcherssaytherearesomestepsthatmayhelpcounteryourbrain'sholdonbadhabits:repeat，repeat，repeatthenewbehavior—thesameroutineatthesametimeofday.Determinedtoexercise？Doingitatthesametimeofthemorningmakesthebrainrecognizethehabiteventually.Ifyoudon'tdoit,youfeelawful.Exerciseitselfraisesdopaminelevels,soeventuallyyourbrainwillgetafeel­goodhitevenifyourmusclesprotest.Rewardyourselfwithsomethingyoureallydesire,Volkowstresses.Youexercisedallweek?Stucktoyourdiet?Buyabook,agreatpairofjeans,ortryafancyrestaurant.语篇解读：这是一篇科普文。人们在新年到来时常常会下定某些决心，然而却发现很难坚持下去。科学家研究出了一些“技巧”，可以让好习惯取代坏习惯。5．What'sthesubjectivereasonforbeinghardtobreakbadbehaviors?A．Somebehaviorsgetdeep­rootedinourbrains.B．Wepreferanimmediatereward.C．Wevaluedelayedgifts.D．Weareallcreaturesofnature.解析：细节理解题。此题应特别注意题干中thesubjectivereason(主观原因)。根据短文第二段中的“Weallascreaturesgivegreatervaluetoanimmediaterewardthansomethingthat'sdelayed”可知，难以改掉坏习惯在主观上的原因是人们更看重即时的好处。A项有很大的干扰，文章第一段中提到：这些坏习惯根植于我们的大脑中，这是很难改掉坏习惯在生物学上的原因(客观原因)。答案：B6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“connection”inParagraph3referto?A．Pleasureandbehavior.B．Brainandreward.C．Happinessanddopamine.D．Cueandenvironment.解析：词义猜测题。根据语境：在快乐的感觉转化为一种习惯的过程中，一种感知快乐的化学物质多巴胺在起作用，它不断促使大脑期望得到这种犒赏，并不断加强快乐感与这种行为之间的联系。由此可知，connection指的是“快乐感与行为之间的联系”。答案：A7．Itcanbeinferredthatthehigherthedopaminelevelis，________.A．theharderitisforyoutobreakthebadhabitB．thelesspleasureyouwillgetC．thestrongerbadhabitswillbecomeD．themoreyou'llwanttogetareward解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，多巴胺是一种感知快乐的化学物质，它使大脑不断期望得到某种犒赏。最后一段中的“Exerciseitselfraisesdopaminelevels”能进一步证明，多巴胺的水平越高，人们就越想得到某种犒赏。答案：D8．WhydoesVolkoweatpopcorneventhoughhedoesn'tlikeit?A．Becauseherecognizestheimportanceofit.B．Becauseitisneededfornormalgrowthofthebody.C．Becausehecan'tresistthetemptationofit.D．Becauseitmakeshimrelaxedtoeatpopcornwhileseeingfilms.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，人们往往高估自己抵制身边诱惑的能力，这使他们为摆脱坏习惯而作出的努力毁于一旦。Volkow就是因为抵抗不了这种诱惑才吃爆米花的。答案：CB卷Ⅰ.完形填空(2012·江西临川一中等九校联考)Lose­Winisweak.It'seasytogetsteppedon.It'seasytobetheniceguy.It'seasytogivein,allinthenameofbeingapeacemaker.AgirlnamedJennyoncetoldmeabouther__1__intheworldofLose­Winduringhereighth­gradeyearbeforeshefinallybroke__2__.My__3__withmymomallstartedoneday__4__shesaidtomesarcastically(讽刺地)，“Wow,you'resurelylivelytoday.”I__5___itsoliterally(字面地)thatthenandthereIdecidedtoclosemyselfofffromherandnever__6__backtoher.Soeverytimeshewouldsaysomething__7__Idisagreedwithher,Iwouldjustsay,“Okay,__8__youwant,Mom.”Butitreallygotcoldquickly.Andmy__9__begantobuild.OnenightItalkedtomymomabouttheschoolhomeworkandshesaid,“Oh,that's__10__”andthenwentbacktomoppingthefloor.“Don'tyoueven__11__？”Ithought.ButIdidn'tsayanythingandstormedoff.ShehadnoideaIwas__12__upset.ShewouldhavebeenwillingtotalktomehadI__13__herhowimportantitwastome.Atlast,Ijustblewup.“Mom,thishasgotto__14__.YoutellmeeverythingyouwantmetodoandIjustdoitbecauseit's__15__thaniffighting.Well,I'msickofit.”Thisallcameasa__16__toher.Aftermyblow­up,itwasreallyrockyforawhile.Wefeltlikewewere__17__alloverinourrelationship.Butit'sgettingbetterallthetime.WediscussthingsnowandIalways__18__myfeelingwithher.IfyouadoptLose­Winasyourbasic__19__towardlife,thenpeoplewillwipetheirdirtyfeetonyou.You'llalsobe__20__yourtruefeelingsdeepinside.Andthat'snothealthy.语篇解读：委曲求全是很多人奉行的处世原则，殊不知，这种把真情实感隐藏在心底的做法对解决事情无益，适当的发泄反而能取得意想不到的结果，小女孩与妈妈之间的故事就是一个很好的例证。1．A.wanderings B．disappointmentC．lessons D．helplessness解析：上一段叙述的是总是当和事佬，总是委曲求全，这是软弱的表现，此处是举例说明，这个女孩在八年级的时候就曾经在委曲求全的世界中游走不定。此处wandering表示“漫游”，符合语境。答案：A2．A.out B．downC．up D．free解析：下文叙述的是女孩把长期以来埋在心底的对母亲的怨恨最终发泄出来后，双方的关系又恢复融洽，由此可知女孩最终挣脱了委曲求全思想的束缚，获得了“自由”。答案：D3．A.relationship B．problemsC．quarrels D．improvement解析：下一句提到她决定把自己封闭起来，不再与妈妈交谈，所以她和妈妈之间出现了“问题”。答案：B4．A.as B．sinceC．when D．before解析：一天，当女孩的妈妈讽刺地说那句话的时候，问题由此产生。as表示“当……的时候”时，强调的是逐渐变化的过程，因此不恰当。答案：C5．A.regarded B．treatedC．received D．took解析：女孩完全按照字面意思去理解妈妈说的那句话，当场决定把自己封闭起来。此处take表示“理解，领会”。答案：D6．A.fight B．struggleC．talk D．turn解析：下一句提到每当女孩的妈妈说出女孩不同意的话语时，女孩只是顺其所愿，由此可知女孩从不“反驳”。答案：C7．A.evenif B．onlyifC．which D．asthough解析：“即使”女孩的妈妈说出的是女孩不同意的内容，女孩也会随声附和。B项表示“只有当”；如果把本句看作定语从句而选择C项，则不符合语法规则；D项表示“仿佛”，不符合语境。答案：A8．A.however B．whateverC．somuch D．toomuch解析：从那以后，女孩不再反驳妈妈的话，对方想干什么就干什么。whatever表示“无论什么”，作want的宾语。答案：B9．A.coldness B．angerC．disagreement D．hope解析：上一句提到女孩与妈妈之间的关系迅速冷淡起来，所以女孩心底的“愤怒”越积越深。下一段第二句提到女孩什么也没有说，只是气冲冲地走开，也是线索提示。答案：B10．A.true B．impossibleC．nice D．important解析：本句后半句提到女孩的妈妈回去拖地板，由此可知她没有把女孩的作业放在心上，只是敷衍一句“很好”。答案：C11．A.care B．seeC．say D．listen解析：女孩想让妈妈评价自己的作业，对方却敷衍了事，女孩的不满可想而知，心想“她甚至都不在乎吗？”。答案：A12．A.also B．stillC．even D．already解析：上一句提到女孩没有说一句话，只是气冲冲地走开了，由此可知女孩的妈妈“甚至”不知道女孩非常难受。答案：C13．A.warned B．shownC．asked D．told解析：本句使用了虚拟语气。假如女孩“告诉”了妈妈她的评价对自己来说是多么重要，她就会愿意与女孩交谈。答案：D14．A.end B．changeC．last D．stop解析：最后，女孩发了脾气，告诉妈妈说这一切必须“改变”。答案：B15．A.worse B．easierC．more D．less解析：女孩总是按照妈妈的意思去做每一件事，因为女孩认为这比可能引发争斗“容易”。答案：B16．A.surprise B．pleasureC．gift D．harm解析：女孩的妈妈想不到女孩竟然发了脾气，而且说出这样的话，自然感到非常“惊奇”。答案：A17．A.going B．startingC．thinking D．reviewing解析：女孩的愤怒爆发后，有一段时间双方的关系确实不稳固，两人都觉得彼此之间的关系“开始”结束。答案：B18．A.share B．haveC．discuss D．improve解析：上一句提到双方的关系一直在好转，再结合本句开头部分的内容可知女孩总是与妈妈“分享”自己的感受。答案：A19．A.way B．methodC．attitude D．theory解析：如果你采用委曲求全的基本态度对待生活，人们就会对你不恭。答案：C20．A.hurting B．wakingC．storing D．hiding解析：如果以委曲求全的态度对待生活，你就会把真情实感深深地“埋藏”在心底，这是不健康的。答案：DⅡ.阅读理解(2012·江苏启东中学摸底考试)BEIJING,March9—Thecentralgovernmentwillrequireanadditionalthreeyearsofuseforofficialvehiclesforministersandgovernorstoreducethecostsofpurchasingnewcars,mediahavereported.ThenewrulehasbeenappliedamongallPartyandgovernmentdepartmentsnationwide,theBeijingNewsreportedonTuesday.Thenewrulehasnotyetbeenmadepublic,saidLi,amemberoftheChinesePeople'sPoliticalConsultativeConferenceNationalCommittee.Undertheoldrules,thecarsusedbyminister­levelofficialscouldbereplacedasoftenaseveryfiveyears,Lisaid.Theseofficialswillalsoretainthesamecarswhentheyassumenewposts,headded.Thenewrulealsoreiterated(重申)thatofficialsrankingbelowminister­or­governorlevelsshouldnotbeallocatedcars.Thecarspossessedbytheirdepartmentsshouldbeusedondemand.“Itviolatestherulesforlower­ranking—evencountylevel­officialstobeallocatedcars，”Lisaid.Purchasesofvehiclesforofficialusehavebeenheavilyinvestigated,astheyaccountforalargeexpenditureofpublicfundseveryyear.AsurveyontheWebnewsfound64percentofrespondentsbelievedthenewrulewillbedifficulttoimplementbecauseitisrelatedtoofficials'interests.“Localgovernmentdepartmentshadhaltedapprovalsforrequestsforsuchvehiclesandhadstartedtoworkonnewquotasunderthenewrules，”Lisaid.“Thefuturereformofofficialvehicleusewillintroducemarketmechanismsandmonetization.”PremierWenJiabaosaidintheannualgovernmentworkreportonSaturdaythatexpendituresonsuchvehicleswillnotincreasein2011comparedwithayearago.Beijing'sstandingdeputymayorJiLinlastweeksaidthemunicipalgovernmentwillreleasethenumberofvehiclesforofficialuseinthecapitalasearlyasattheendofthismonth.Earlierthismonth,theMinistryofFinancehadpublishedaruleregulatingthebudgetsforsuchvehicles.语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道，主要报道了中国政府的公车改革情况。1．Whatisthepurposeofthenewruleallocatingvehiclesamongofficials?A．Topromotealow­carbonlifestyle.B．Tocutdownthepresenthugeexpendituresofpurchasingcars.C．Tomakegooduseofthebudgetsforofficialcars.D．Tosolvetheproblemofseveretrafficjam.解析：主旨大意题。由第一段内容可知公车改革的目的是为了减少政府支出。答案：B2．Whatabouttheofficialsrankingbelowminister­or­governorlevelsintermsofofficialvehicles?A．Theycanstillpossessspecialcars.B．Theycanusetheirownprivatecars.C．Theycanusecarswheneverofficiallynecessary.D．Theycanbeallocatedsecond­handcars.解析：细节理解题。从第四段我们可以看出只有在政府的要求之内才可以使用公车。答案：C3．Whatisthepublic'sattitudetowardthenewrule'sfulfillment?A．Skeptical. B．Optimistic.C．Indifferent. D．Passive.解析：细节理解题。由第七段中的网络上的调查问卷可以看出公众对此持怀疑态度。答案：A4．Fromthepassage,wecaninferthat________.A．thegovernmentisdeterminedtocarryoutthenewruleB．thenewrulehasnotyetbeenmadepublicC．thenewrulewillbenefitofficials'interestsD．thenewruleisappliedtominister­levelofficials解析：推理判断题。由最后一段可以推断出答案。答案：AⅢ.选做题任务型读写It'scommonforkidsofallagestoexperienceschoolanxiety－school­relatedstress.Thisisoftenmostapparentattheendofsummerwhenschoolisabouttostartagain,butitcanoccuryear­round.Wheredoesthestressandanxietycomefrom?TeachersAgoodexperiencewithacaringteachercancausealastingimpressiononachild'slife—socanabadexperience.Whilemostteachersdotheirbesttoprovidestudentswithapositiveeducationalexperience,somestudentsarebettersuitedforcertainteachingstylesandclassroomtypesthanothers.Ifthere'samismatch(不协调)betweenstudentandteacher,achildcanformlastingnegativefeelingsaboutschoolorhisownabilities.FriendsFriendscanalsobeasourceofstress.Concernsaboutnothavingenoughfriends,notbeinginthesameclassasfriends,notbeingabletokeepupwithfriendsinoneparticularareaoranother,andinterpersonalconflictsareafewoftheverycommonwayskidscanbestressedbytheirsociallivesatschool.Dealingwiththeseissuesalonecancauseanxietyineventhemostconfidentkids.Bullies(欺凌弱小者)ThingshavechangedintheworldofbulliessinceIwasakid.Thegoodnewsisthatteachersandparentsarepayingmoreattention.Manyschoolsnowhaveanti­bullyingpro­gramsandpolicies.Thoughbullyingdoesstillhappen,helpisgenerallymoreeasilyaccessiblethanbefore.Thebadnewsisthatbullyinghasgonehigh­tech.ManystudentsusetheInternet,cellphonesandothermediadevicestobullyotherstudents,andthistypeofbullyingoftengetsveryaggressive.Onereasonisthatbulliescanbeanonymous(匿名的)andenlistotherbulliestomaketheirtargetsmiserable.Anotherreasonisthattheydon'thavetofacetheirtargets.Soit'seasiertogetridofanyempathythattheymayotherwisefeel.Therearewaystofightagainst“cyber­bullying”，butmanyparentsaren'tawareofthem—andmanybulliedkidsfeeltoooverwhelmedtodealwiththesituation.PassageoutlineSupportingdetailsAgeneral(1)________Kidsofallagesare(2)________toexperienceschool­relatedstress.Schoolanxietymayhappenallyearround,(3)________whenthenewschoolyearbegins.(4)_______ofschoolanxietyTeachersTheschoolanxietyfromabadexperiencewithateachercan(5)________foralongtime.FriendsTheproblems,suchasfearingtofall(6)________friendsandbeingafraidofnothavingenoughfriends,shouldbe(7)________together,butnotalone.BulliesGoodnews：Schoolbulliesarebeingpaidmoreattentiontothanbefore.Helpismoreeasily(8)________asmostschoolshaveanti­bullyingprogramsandpolicies.Badnews：Modern(9)________hasmadeschoolbulliesmoreaggressive.Manyparentsdon't(10)________theimportanceoffightingagainst“cyber­bullying”答案：1.introduction/idea2.likely3.especially4.Causes/Sources5.last6.behind7.handled/solved8.accessible9.technology/equipment10.realize短文填词Trainingcostshavedroppedto2,600yuanforstudents,accordingtotheHaidianDrivingSchoolinBeijing.Thep________isreallyhigh,1.________butstudentswillacceptit,seeingit________aninvestmentintheirfuture.2.________Familiaritywiththeoperationofcomputersand________(流利的)Englishare3.________thebasicskillsgraduatingstudentsneedtofindaj________.Butadriver's4.________permithasbecomeanotherfactor.Carswillbecomean________partofmany5.________people'slivesinthecomingyears,andit's________(困难的)togeta6.________permitoutofcampusbecause________thepressuresonworkingpeople'stime.7.________Havingafull­timejobaftergraduationoffers________(有限的)timeto8.________learnto________.Andtheseniorstudentsalsothinktheyhaveplentyofspare9.________