句子成分分析前四种

WeeklyEnglishTrainingSentenceComponents

September5,2014MaggieLiu目录主语（Subject）谓语（Predicate）宾语（Object）表语（Predicative）定语（Attribute）状语（Adverbial）补足语（Complement）同位语（Appositive）独立成分（Independentcomponent）1.主语（Subject）定义：形式：位置：谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、数词、不定式、相当于名词的单词或者短语、动名词、句子或从句来充当。大多数主语都放在句首。也有放在句中和句尾的情况。（1）名词做主语（什么）DeepinOSisverygood.（2）代词做主语（谁）WeworkinDeepinCompany.（3）数词做主语Threeareenough.（4）不定式做主语Toreplyusers'questionsisoneofmyjobs.（5）相当于名词的单词或者短语做主语Therichshouldhelpthepoor.（6）动名词做主语Growingrosesisherhobby.（7）句子做主语“Howdoyoudo?"isagreeting.（8）从句做主语Whatweneedisthesupportfromusers.放句中Therearesomebooksinthebox.放句尾Itneedsthreemonthstobuildthehouse.主语改错eg.Doexerciseisgoodforyourhealth.Todoexercise

isgoodforyourhealth.Doingexerciseisgoodforyourhealth.Itisgoodforyourhealth

todoexercise.找出下列句子中的主语a.DeepinOSisdifferentfromUbuntu.b.It'sagreatpleasuretotalkwithyou.c.TheteacherwithabookinherhandsisMissLin.d.Todotoday'shomeworkwithouttheteacher'shelpisverydifficult.2.谓语（Predicate）定义：形式：位置：注意：表示主语的行为或状态；说明主语是什么、做什么或怎么样简单谓语和复合谓语。大多数谓语都放在句中。谓语存在多种时态，主语和谓语必须在人称和数上保持一致。（1）简单谓语动词做谓语Ilikethebook.Openthedoor,please!动词词组做谓语Theplanetookoffat5:00PM.Whydidn'tyoucomebacklastnight?动词+动作名词Ihadaswimyesterday.（2）复合谓语情态动词/助动词+主要动词Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Whatdoesthiswordmean?系动词+表语Thatideasoundsgreat!Wearestudents.Keepquiet.系动词的主要分类：1）状态系动词beHeis

ateacher.2）持续系动词keep,rest,remain,stay,standHealwayskeptsilentatmeeting.3）表像系动词seem,appear,lookHelookstired.

4）感官系动词feel,smell,sound,tasteThiskindofclothfeelsverysoft.

5）变化系动词

e,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,runHebecamemadafterthat.

6）终止系动词prove,turnout

Thesearchproveddifficult.Hisplanturnedoutasuccess.找出谓语Tomdidn'tdohishomeworkyesterday.Heisinterestedinmusic.Putawayyourbooksrightnow!Thecaketastesgood!Youcouldtryitagain.3.宾语（Object）定义：形式：位置：表示动作、行为的对象。由名词、名词化的形容词或分词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词或从句充当。通常放在谓语动词或介词之后。（1）名词做宾语IuseDeepinOS.（2）名词化形容词或分词做宾语Ishalldomypossible.Heneverdidtheunexpected.（3）代词做宾语Heoftenhelpsme.（4）数词做宾语Howmanydoyouwant?Weneedtwo.（5）不定式做宾语IliketouseDeepinOS.（6）动名词做宾语HeenjoyedlivinginChina.（7）从句做宾语IbelievethattheywillinstallDeepinOS.

宾语+宾语补足语Don'tmakeyourhandsdirty.

间接宾语+直接宾语HeteachesmeEnglish.Hebringsabook

to

me.Lucywillarrangearoom

forme.

形式宾语+真正宾语IthinkithardtofinishthisdifficultjobbeforeSunday.

介词后面的宾语Idecidedtogowithher.找出宾语Youmustpayattentiontoyourjob.PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.Theythinkitimpossibletogettothestationinsuchashorttime.4.表语（Predicative）定义：形式：位置：说明主语是什么或怎么样由名词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、不定式、介词短语、动名词、分词或从句充当。通常放在系动词之后。（1）名词做表语Myfatherisateacher.

（2）代词做表语Thatbookismine.（3）形容词做表语Youlookyoungerthanbefore.（4）数词做表语Shewasthefirsttoknowaboutit.（5）副词作表语Everyoneishere.（6）不定式做表语MyjobistoteachthemEnglish.（7）介词短语做表语Theyareatthetheater.（8）动名词做表语Hisjobistrainingthenurses.（9）分词做表语Ifeltleftout.Thenewsisencouraging.（10）从句做表语That'swhyhedidn'tc