大气数据基准adr快速维护指导

编号EI标题AIRDATAREFERENCE(ADR)–QUICKMAINTENANCE机型章节AppendixDocumentIssuedIssueISI2015-06-注：此份EI是由ECMR系统转换至TDMS系统适用于A320FAM的EIThisEBisderivedfromECMRforA320FAMinTDMSATA章节：34-机型参考文件：TSMATAAMMATAISIISI背景TheAirDataInertialReferenceUnit(ADIRU)processesdatareceivedfromtheprimarynavigationsensors(Pitot,AoA…)andprovidesairdatainformationtomanyusersystemsontheaircraft.UNRELIABLEAIRSPEEDDATAThisspecificsituationmakestheADIRUpronetoearlyremovalincaseofunusualairdatareadings.不可靠的大气数据，以及影响大气数据传感器的故障，不利于ADIRU的MTBURUnreliableairdataandfaultsaffectingairdatasensorscanbedetrimentaltotheMTBURoftheADIRU.目的为了减少由ADIRU无故障发现（NoFaultFound）引起的额外的维护成本，参考本快速维护指导可以InordertoreducetheadditionalMaintenanceCostsinducedbytherateofADIRUNoFaultFound(NFF),aQuickMaintenanceGuidehasbeencreatedtobetterassistLineTheQuickMaintenanceGuideisdescribedinthesummarytablesattachedtothisarticle.NotethatitdoesnotsupersedetheAMMorTSMwhichremainthereferencedocumentsforaircraftmaintenance.ThisarticlealsoclarifiesafewaspectsofADRdesignandexplainsthebestmaintenanceapproachestoavoidtheunnecessaryremovalsofhealthyADIRUs.TheproposedQuickMaintenanceGuideappliestotheADRpartoftheADIRUonly.由惯性基准（IR）部分相关故障导致的ADIRUNFF率远低于由ADR部分相关故障导致的NFF。由IR部分A320系列参照：AMM34-12-34-200-001-A“ADIRU-RemovalTheADIRUNFFrateduetoInertialReference(IR)relatedfaultsismuchlowerthanthatduetoADRrelatedfaults:thefewNFFunitsremovedforIRrelatedcausesmainlyresultfromtheEnd-Of-Flightperformances.ThecriteriadescribedinAMMmustbeappliedinthiscase:OnA320familyreferto:AMM34-12-34-200-001-A“ADIRU-Removal3.描述ThefollowingcrewobservationsontheAirDataReference(ADR)systemwereidentifiedasbeingmajorcontributorsingeneratingunjustifiedADIRUremovals(listedbyA–宣布ADR系统故障（ECAM警告“NAVADRxFAULT”）DeclaredADRsystemfault(ECAMWarning“NAVADRxBUnreliableAirspeedCUnreliableAltitudeDADR系统的EFCSEFCSfaultmessagesaccusingtheADREADR系统的AFSAFSfaultmessagesaccusingtheADRFADR交叉比较BITEADRcross-comparisonBITEGECAMECAMwarningslinkedtoairdata3.AADR“NAVADRxFAULT”DECLAREDADRFAULT“NAVADRxFAULTADR系统，除了ADIRU，还包括（取决于飞机型号TheADRsystem,includestheADIRU,butalso(dependingonaircraftA320系列飞机OnA320大气数据模块（ADM）TheAirDataModules皮托管ThePitot静压孔/探头TheStatic迎角传感器（AOA）TheAngle-of-Attacksensor全空温探头（TAT）TheTotalAirTemperature(TAT)内部系统线路及ADIRUTheintrasystemwiringandADIRUpin-programmingontherearconnector.Thefailureofoneofthesecomponentsmaycausevariouscockpiteffects,whichbasedonfieldreports,oftenleadstothereplacementoftheADIRU.BeforetroubleshootinganADRsystem,twobasicrulesshallbeECAM警告"NAVADRxECAMWarning“NAVADRx假如任意一个ADR系统部件（如上所列）受到故障影响，ECAM警告“NAVADRxFAULT”就会出现。TheECAMWarning“NAVADRxFAULT”isdisplayedincaseafaultaffectsanyoftheADRsystemcomponents(aslistedabove).ECAM上显示的信息对于大气数据系统的可用性是有其意义的，且并不专指ADIRUThemessagesdisplayedontheECAMaresignificantoftheavailabilityoftheAirDatasystem,notexclusivelyoftheADIRU.头顶板ADIRSCDU或者MSU上的ADRFAULT灯：ADRFAULTlightonoverheadADIRSCDUorMSU:如果ADIRU探测到故障，ADIRS头顶板CDU/MSU上的ADRFAULTTheADRFAULTlightontheADIRSoverheadCDU/MSUilluminatesiftheADIRUdetectsa在所有情况下，如果ADRFAULT灯没有亮，则认为ADIRUInallcases,theADIRUshallbeconsideredhealthyiftheADRFAULTlightis因此，在怀疑ADIRU内部故障前，首先应检查ADIRS头顶板CDU/MSU上“ADRFAULT”灯的状况：Therefore,thefirstpointtobecheckedpriortosuspectanADIRUinternalfaultistovisuallycheckthestatusofthe“ADRFAULT”lightontheADIRSoverheadCDU/MSU:ADRFAULT灯灭：ADIRU正常-不要拆除ADRFAULTLIGHTOFF:ADIRUISOK-DONOTREMOVETHEADRFAULT灯亮：执行ADRADRFAULTLIGHTON:PERFORMADRGROUNDSCANNINGANDTROUBLESHOOTPERFAULT3.BUNRELIABLEAIRSPEEDTheComputedAirSpeed(CAS)displayedonthePFDisderivedfromthefollowinginput全压（Pt）TheTotalPressure静压（Ps）TheStaticPressure迎角TheAngleOf襟/缝翼位置TheSlat/FlapNote:TheeffectsoferroneousSlatFlapControlComputer(SFCC)discretesandAOAdataaremuchmorevisibleonthealtitudethanontheairspeed.TheroleoftheADIRUintheCAScalculationonlyconsistsofsoftwareprocessingofthedatareceivedfromtheunitsthatprovidethisinformation:A320系列机型OnA320全压（Pt）：皮托管和TheTotalPressure(Pt):Pitotprobeand-静压（Ps）：静压孔和TheStaticPressure(Ps):StaticportandAirspeeddiscrepancywillalwaysbetheresultofinaccurateinputdataprocessedintheADRsoftware,notoftheADIRUsoftwareitself.对不可靠的空速数据的排故应参照ISI34.13.00004RefertoISI34.13.00004forguidanceontroubleshootingunreliableairspeed3.CUNRELIABLEALTITUDEThealtitudedisplayedonthePrimaryFlightDisplay(PFD)isderivedfromthefollowinginputparameters:静压（Ps）TheStaticPressure迎角TheAngleOf马赫数The襟/缝翼位置TheSlat/FlapTheroleoftheADIRUinthealtitudecalculationonlyconsistsofsoftwareprocessingofdatareceivedfromtheunitsthatprovidethisinformation:A320系列飞机OnA320静压（Ps）：静压孔和TheStaticPressure(Ps):StaticportandTheAngleOfAttack:AOA马赫数：皮托管和静压孔，以及相关的TheMach:PitotprobeandStaticportwithassociatedTheSlat/Flapposition:ProvidedbytheSFCCviaasetofdedicatedAltitudediscrepancywillalwaysbetheresultofinaccurateinputdataprocessedintheADRsoftware,notoftheADIRUsoftwareitself.InaccurateinputsmayhavethefollowingMiscalibrationoftheADM/ISPpressureMiscalibrationordamageoftheAOAStaticportAerodynamicperturbations(turbulence)influencingtheAOAorstaticpressuremeasurements.Thiscanbeduetoskindeformation,non-flushinstallationofstaticportsdirtdeposits,orpossiblyevenmisalignmentofavionicsbayaccessdoors.ADMHoseleakageordefectiveQuickDisconnect注：ISI34.11.00002ADM气动管路安装正确。Note:ISI34.11.00002recommendstheinstallationofself-adhesiveplacardswarningmaintenanceoperatorstoensureADMpneumaticlinesareconnectedcorrectly.DiscrepantSFCCdiscretesinputtothe3.DEFCSBITEEFCSBITEMESSAGESFieldexperiencehasshownthathealthyADIRUswereveryoftenremovedfromaircraftduetoElectricalFlightControlSystem(EFCS)faultmessagesinvolvingtheADRs.Typically,thesemessagesaregeneratedwheneveroneorseveralparameters(CAS,TAS,ALT,AOA)fromanADRarerejectedbytheFlightcontrolsystem:Thissituationcanoccurwhenflyinginmarginalweatherconditions,whereerraticfluctuationsoftheADRparameterscanhappen-Seechapters3.Band3.C.TheADIRUremovalisnotjustifiedinthisThesemessagesarewordedasA32027-93-34ELACxCOM(MON)ORBUSxFROMADRx(Source27-94-34SECxCOM(MON)ORBUSxFROMADRx(Source34-12-34ADRx(Source34-12-34ADRx-BUSx(SourcePFR样张（A320系列飞机）：ExamplePostFlightReport(A320第二种PFR样张（A320样张）：SecondexamplePostFlightReport(A320family):3.EAFS交叉比较BITEAUTOFLIGHTSYSTEM(AFS)CROSS-COMPARISONBITEFieldexperiencehasshownthathealthyADIRUswereveryoftenremovedfromaircraftduetoAFSfaultmessagesinvolvingtheADRs.Typically,thesemessagesaregeneratedwheneveroneorseveralparameters(CAS,ALT,AOA)fromanADRarerejectedbytheAFS:Thissituationcanoccurwhenflyinginmarginalweatherconditions,whereerraticfluctuationsoftheADRparameterscanhappen-Seechapters3.Band3.C.TheADIRUremovalisnotjustifiedinthisThesemessagesarewordedasA320系列飞机A320-34-12-34AFS：ADIRU1/2/3DISAGREE（SourcePFR样张（A320系列）ExamplePostFlightReport(A3203.F-ADR交叉比较的BITE信息ADRCROSS-COMPARISONBITEMESSAGESDuringtakeoffacceleration(between100and200Kts),the3ADIRUscross-comparetheirrespectiveinputsensorparametersandcheckthattheyarewithinthefollowingthresholds(allADIRUmodels):静压（Ps）：2Hpa(ADR1/2)或者5HpaStaticPressure(Ps):2Hpa(ADR1/2)or5Hpa全压TotalPressure(Pt):5指示AOA：3-4°（根据飞机型号IndicatedAOA:3-4°(dependingonaircraftTotalAirTemperature:WheneveroneoftheCross-Comparisontestsfails,amaintenancemessageisgeneratedintheADRbite.Thesemaintenancemessagesarewordedasfollows:A320familyADM19FPx(*).ADM19FPx-ADMl9FPxDISAGREE.ADM19FPx-ADIRUxDISAGREE.ADIRUx-ADIRUxDISAGREE.TATSENSOR11FPxTATSENSOR11FP1-TATSENSOR11FP2DISAGREE.AOA3FPxSENSOR(*).AOASENSOR3FPx-AOASENSOR3FPxMostofthetime,theCross-ComparisontestsfailInflightundermarginalweatherconditions,wheretemporaryfluctuationsoftheADRparametersbeyondtheCross-Comparisontestthresholdscanhappen.或者DuringtakeoffduetoabrokenAOAvane,abrokencouplingtotheADMhoseoramiscalibrationoftheADMpressuretransducer.THECROSS-COMPARISONMESSAGESINDICATECONTINUOUSORINTERMITTENTDIFFERENCEOFSOMEADRPARAMETERSDERIVEDFROMTHEIRSENSORS.A320:ADM,AOA,3.GECAMECAMWARNINGSLINKEDTOUNRELIABLEAIR有时，在机组报告出现操作警告，如”OVERSPEED”,"NAVALTIDISCREPANCY”,“STALL”，也会拆换ADIRUADIRUaresometimesremovedfromaircraftaftertheflightcrewsreportedWarningslike“OVERSPEED”,“NAVALTIDISCREPANCY”,or“STALL”ThesewarningsmayhappeninthefollowingFlightprofile:realoverspeedFlightinL/GDOWNVMO/MMO选择电门处于”L/GDOWN”L/GDOWNVMO/MMOselectionswitchleftinthe“L/GDOWN”ADMpressuretransducerfailure(Pt),ordisconnectionofthehosecouplings:Referchapter3.C“Airspeeddifferences”inthisA320系列的L/GDOWNVMO/MMO（2）NAVALTI当CAPT和F/OPFD上显示的高度差异±250英尺（气压）或±500英尺（标准）超过5。Thiswarningisgeneratedwheneveranaltitudedifferenceof+/-250Ft(Baro)or+/-500Ft(Std)duringmorethan5secondsispresentbetweentheCAPTandF/OPFDs.可能的原因是LikelycausesDelayedmanualsettingofthebaro-correctiononeithertheCAPTandF/Osideversustheoppositeone.ADMpressuretransducerfailure(Ps),ordisconnectionofthehosecouplings:referchapter3.B“Altitudediffe