北师大版选择性必修二UNIT-5-EDUCATION-Section-Ⅳ-Lesson-3课件

1．Discussion—Matchthepictureswiththeproperintroductionsandthendiscusstheircontributions.SectionⅣ

Lesson3A．SirIsaacNewtonB．GalileoGalilei

C．StephenHawking1．Discussion—Matchthepicture①________Heisconsideredasoneofthegreatestscientistsinhistoryforhisdiscoveryofuniversalgravitationandthethreelawsofmotion.②________HeisaBritishscientist.Heworkedinastronomyandputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes.③________HeisanItalianastronomer,physicistandengineer.Headvocatedthesunisthecentreoftheuniverse.ACB①________Heisconsideredas2．Prediction—LookatthetitleandthethreepicturesonPage36～37，andthenpredictwhatthetextismainlyabout.________________________________________________________________________Itismainlyabouthowweacquireknowledgeandunderstanding.2．Prediction—Lookatthetitle1．Firstreading—Readthetextandanswerthefollowingquestions.(1)WhywerepeoplelikeGalileoGalileioftenpunishedbythechurch?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(2)Whycannoneofuseversitbackandsay,“Weknowitall.”?________________________________________________________________________

Becauseatthattimemanypeopletendedtobelievemoreinthechurchthaninfacts,andpeoplelikeGalileoGalileiprovedtheEarthwasnotthecentreoftheuniverse,whichwentagainstchurch’sideaaboutuniverse.Becauseourunderstandingoftheworldaroundusisconstantlygrowingandchanging.1．Firstreading—Readthetext2．Secondreading—Readthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestansweraccordingtothepassage.(1)What’stheveryfirststepofFrancisBacon’stypeofthinking?A．Raisingquestions.B．Observingtheworld.C．Thinkingoverthepossibleanswers.D．Testingforarightanswer.答案A2．Secondreading—Readthetext(2)Whatdoweknowfromthepassage?A．BothBaconandGalileiwerepunishedfortheirscientificideas.B．Atthattime,peoplebelievedmoreinreligionthaninfacts.C．BeforeGalilei,Aristotle’stheoryhadinfluencedpeoplefor1，000years.D．ThechurchwasagainstthegreatphilosopherAristotleforhistheoryoftheuniverse.答案B(2)Whatdoweknowfromthepa(3)What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．FrancisBaconwasgoingagainsttheviewsofhisday.B．GalileoGalileiwasgreattoprovetheEarthisnotthecentreoftheuniverse.C．TheEarthisnotthecentreoftheuniverseanditdoesn’tmoveroundthesuninaperfectcircle,either.D．Peopleshouldquestionmorebecausegreatmen,evenAristotleandGalilei,mightmakemistakes.答案D(3)What’sthemainideaofthe(4)Whatisthecorrectordertoacquireknowledgeandunderstandingaccordingtothearticle?A．questions,observeandstudy,considerandtest,findtherightanswersB．acquiretheknowledge,understanding,findtherightanswers,considerandtestC．observe,study,consider,findtherightanswersD．questions,findtherightanswers,observe,test答案A(4)Whatisthecorrectordert(5)WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Peopletendtobelieveeverythingthatthepersontheyrespectsays.B．Galileoproved“theEarthisnotthecenteroftheuniverse”andhenevermademistakes.C．Knowledgeisgotbylearningnotbybelieving.D．Civilisationisbuiltonthekingdomofknowledge.答案B(5)WhichofthefollowingisN3．Thirdreading—Readthetextcarefullyagainandfillintheformbelow.UNDERSTANDINGTheprocessofacquiringknowledgeandunderstanding·Tostartwith,weneed①____________．·Then,tofindanswers,weobservetheworldaroundusandstudythe②____________.·Afterthat,weconsiderpossible③____________andtesteachtofindtherightones.questionsfactsanswers3．Thirdreading—ReadthetextUNDERSTANDING

Theexamplesofacquiringknowledge·FrancisBaconsuggestedthatthetypeofthinkingwasthewaytogain④____________.·GalileoGalileiprovedtheideathat“theEarthisnotthe⑤____________oftheuniverse”．·Aristotlewasagreatmanwho⑥____________manygreatscientistsandphilosophersafterhim;hewaswrongattimes.knowledgecentreinspiredUNDERSTANDINGTheexamplesofa

UNDERSTANDINGTheimportanceofknowledgeandunderstandingtomankind·Ourunderstandingoftheworldaroundusisconstantly⑦____________________．·Theknowledgeandunderstandingarethingstofightfor;morevitaltoaman，andmore⑧____________tomankind,somemightsay,thanallthemoneyintheworld.growingandchangingbeneficial

UNDERSTANDINGTheimportance·OGroupwork：Whatlessonshaveyoulearnedfromthegreatscientists？Whatdoyouthinkofthem?_______________________Theanswerisopen.Groupwork：Whatlessonshavey经典名言佳句1．Learningmustbecombinedwithwork.

学习必须与实干相结合。2．It’snevertoooldtolearn.

活到老，学到老。3．Learningfoundhisownignorance.

愈学习，愈发现自己无知。4．Toliveistolearn，notlearntolive.

活着就要学习，学习不是为了活着。5．Hardworkalwayscanrealizeyourwishes.

刻苦学习的人总能实现自己的愿望。6．Teachingmuststartfromlearnersoftheexistingexperience.

教学必须从学习者已有的经验开始。经典名言佳句1．Learningmustbecombi7．Aslongaswillingtolearn,itwillbeabletolearn.

只要愿意学习，就一定能够学会。8．Learningwithoutthoughtislaborlost;thoughtwithoutlearningisperilous.

学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。7．Aslongaswillingtolearn,语言现象感知Ⅰ.单词理解体会句中加黑单词的词性和含义1．Itseemsobviousnowhowweacquireknowledgeandunderstanding._________________________________2．ItisnotsurprisingthatpeoplewantedtobelievetheseprimitiveideasastheyhadbeenputforwardbythegreatphilosopherAristotle(384－322BCE)．________________3．Theydidn’twanttoabandonwhatthey’dalwaysthoughtastrue.________________adj.显然的，明显的；易理解的adj.原始的vt.放弃；抛弃语言现象感知体会句中加黑单词的词性和含义adj.显然的，明显4．Andthisisstilloftentruetoday.Peoplemaketheassumptionthatifsomeoneimportantandrespectedsaysthatsomethingisright,thenitmustbeso.________________________________________5．Weneedtothankthegreatmenofthepastfortheirwisdom.________________n.假定，假设adj.受尊敬的，受敬重的n.智慧n.假定，假设adj.受尊敬的，受敬重的n.智慧Ⅱ.词块积累写出下列词块的含义1．acquireknowledgeandunderstanding________________2．tostartwith____________3．againsttheviewsoftheday______________________4．holdanimportantrank____________5．approveofhisstudies________________6．maketheassumption____________获得知识和理解首先违反了那个时代的观念身居要职同意他的研究做出假设Ⅱ.词块积累写出下列词块的含义获得知识和理解首先违反了那个时Ⅲ.句式欣赏1.although引导让步状语从句；and连接并列的动名词短语作宾语AlthoughtodaywearemoreusedtotypingafewkeywordsintoasearchengineandwaitingfortheInternettogiveusananswer,modernscientistsandthinkersarestillsolvingtheworld'sproblemswiththistypeofanalysis—luckilyforus.2.it作形式主语；as引导的原因状语从句ItisnotsurprisingthatpeoplewantedtobelievetheseprimitiveideasastheyhadbeenputforwardbythegreatphilosopherAristotle(384—322BCE).

3.and连接的并列的形容词比较级结构；that引导宾语从句；tofightfor作定语；somemightsay作插入语Thesemenknewthatknowledgeandunderstandingarethingstofightfor;morevitaltoaman,andmorebeneficialtomankind,somemightsay,thanallthemoneyintheworld.Ⅲ.句式欣赏1.although引导让步状语从句；and连接Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式1．Ourteacher______________(催促)ustostudyhardwiththeCollegeEntranceExaminationdrawingnear.2．FromJame’sface,Icouldseehewasterrifiedofbeing____________(遗弃)byus.3．Itis____________(明显的)thatthemayor’sheartislinkedwiththeheartsofthemasses.4．Shedoesn’t____________(同意)ofmyleavingschoolthisyear.5．Alotofpeoplemakethe____________(assume)thatpovertyonlyexistsinthethirdworld.urgesabandonedobviousapproveassumptionⅠ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式1．Our6．Thedoctorthoughtthechangewouldbe____________(benefit)tothepatient’shealth.7．Istillbelieveinamore____________(convention)approachtomedicine.8．Sheisawell____________(respect)memberoftheinternationalcommunity.beneficialconventionalrespected6．ThedoctorthoughtthechangⅡ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语1．Nowhe________________(习惯)gettingupearly.2．Weall________________(相信)good,freeeducationforourchildren.3．Thefilmconveysanideathatpeopleshouldrespecteachotherandliveinharmony，________________(而不是)beingatwar.4．PremierLiKeqiangsaidtheChinesegovernmentwould________________(提出)itsownproposals.5．I________________(同意)yourearningsomemoney,butpleasedon’tneglectyourstudies.hasbeenusedtobelieveininsteadof

putforwardapproveofⅡ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语1．Nowh6．Hewasmadetopractisethepianosomuchthat，________________(有时),hethoughtaboutgivingup.7．Howmenfirstinventedwordsisunknown.________________(换句话说),thebeginningoflanguageisamystery.8．Itisclearthatsheshould____________hersuccess____________(归功于)hardwork.attimesInotherwordsoweto6．HewasmadetopractisetheⅢ.句式语境仿写1．Itseemsobviousnowhowweacquireknowledgeandunderstanding.现在看来，我们如何获得知识和理解是显而易见的。[仿写]很明显，在今天甚至以后，中国将在世界上发挥影响力。_______________________________________intheworldtodayandtomorrow.ItisobviousthatChinacanmakeadifferenceⅢ.句式语境仿写1．Itseemsobviousnow2．However,inthe17thcenturywhenFrancisBacon(1561－1626)suggestedthatthistypeofthinkingwasthewaytogainknowledge,hewasgoingagainsttheviewsoftheday.然而，在17世纪，当弗朗西斯·培根(1561－1626)提出这种思维方式是获取知识的途径时，他却违背了当时的观点。[仿写]他脸上的微笑表明，他同意这一计划了。Thesmileonhisface__________________________________________________.suggestedthatheagreedtotheplan2．However,inthe17thcentury3．Atthattime,peoplebelievedmoreinthechurchthaninfacts,andpeoplelikeGalileoGalilei(1564－1642)，whoprovedtheideathat“theEarthisnotthecentreoftheuniverse”，wereoftenpunishedbythechurchwithnoonecomingtotheirdefence.那时，人们更多地相信教会而不是事实，像伽利略·伽利雷(1564－1642)这样证明了“地球不是宇宙中心”这一观点的人，经常受到教会的惩罚，没有人来为他们辩护。[仿写]由向导领路，我们没费事就找到了他的家。____________________________,wehadnotroublefindinghishouse.Withtheguideleadingtheway3．Atthattime,peoplebelieveⅠ.联想记词“赞成”与“反对”高频词汇荟萃(1)赞成；支持①approvevt.批准；赞同②favourvt.&n.赞成③supportvt.&n.支持(2)反对①opposevt.反对②objectvi.反对记单词Ⅰ.联想记词“赞成”与“反对”高频词汇荟萃记单词Ⅱ.一言串记1．Itwasfirstassumedthathewasthemurderer,butlateritturnedouttobeafalseassumption.

起初人们以为他是凶手，但后来证明这是一个错误的假设。2．Anurgentbellrang,whichurgedustogetupquickly.Weallknewamatterofurgencywouldhappen.

紧急的铃声响起，催促我们快起床。我们知道紧急情况就要发生了。Ⅱ.一言串记1．ItwasfirstassumedtⅢ.谐音记词1．在“阴影”里“晒豆”是愚蠢的→shadown．阴影，影子2．他们不能“遏制”这种“强烈要求”→urgevt.力劝，强烈要求句型公式1．it作形式主语的主语从句2．suggest引导的宾语从句3．with复合结构Ⅲ.谐音记词1．在“阴影”里“晒豆”是愚蠢的→shadow1.worthyadj.有价值的；值得尊敬的AlthoughBaconheldanimportantrankinKingJames’royalcourtofEngland,histrueinterestwasnottheday-to-day,slowandinefficientworkingstyleofthegovernment,buttheworthysearchforknowledge.(教材P36)尽管培根在英国国王詹姆斯的宫廷中占有重要的地位，但他真正感兴趣的不是政府的日常、缓慢和低效的工作作风，而是值得人们去寻找的知识。1.worthyadj.有价值的；值得尊敬的Althou[合作探究]

体会worthy的用法和意义Thebankmightthinkyou’reworthyofaloan.银行也许会认为你具备贷款的条件。NowthatyouareinterestedintraditionalChineseculture,Ithinkthisfestivaliswellworthyofbeingexperienced/tobeexperienced.＝NowthatyouareinterestedintraditionalChineseculture,Ithinkthisfestivaliswellworthexperiencing.(全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)既然你对传统的中国文化感兴趣，我认为这个节日很值得你体验。[合作探究]体会worthy的用法和意义[自主发现]①beworthy＋of＋n.(金钱等)值……②beworthyof____________________值得被做③be(well)worth________________……(非常)值得做beingdone/tobedonedoing[自主发现]①beworthy＋of＋n.(金钱等)值…[巩固内化]同义句转换/一句多译①Thequestionisnotworthdiscussing.→Thequestionisnot__________________________.→Thequestionisnot_______________________.②这座古建筑值得保护。→_____________________________________→____________________________________________________worthyofbeingdiscussedworthytobediscussedTheoldbuildingisworthprotectingTheoldbuildingisworthyofbeingprotected/tobeprotected.[巩固内化]同义句转换/一句多译worthyofbein2.urgevt.强烈要求；敦促

urgentadj.紧急的；急迫的

urgencyn．紧急Atfirst,peopleapprovedofhisstudiesandurgedhimtocontinue,butlaterwhenheprovedAristotlewrong,theygrewangryandputhiminprison.(教材P37)起初，人们赞成他的研究，并敦促他继续，但后来当他证明亚里士多德错了，他们变得愤怒，并把他投入监狱。2.urgevt.强烈要求；敦促urgentadj.[合作探究]

体会urge及其相关词的用法和意义Studentsurgedthatthelibrary(should)bekeptopenduringtheweekends.学生们极力主张图书馆周末也开放。Heurgedmetogothere,butIrefused.＝Heurgedmeintogoingthere,butIrefused.他力劝我去那里，但我拒绝了。Theteacherurgedusontostruggleagainstdifficulties.老师鼓励我们起来与困难作斗争。[合作探究]体会urge及其相关词的用法和意义[自主发现]①urgethat...____________...力劝某人应做……②urgesbtodosth＝urgesb____________doingsth力劝某人做某事③urgesb____________todosth驱策/鼓励某人做某事(should)dointoon[自主发现]①urgethat...___________[巩固内化]单句语法填空/一句多译①TheyurgedthattheScienceMuseum______________(keep)openduringthevacation.②Heurgedme_____________________(accept)hissuggestion.③他要求我们立即采取行动。→_____________________________________→________________________________________→_____________________________________________(should)bekepttoaccept/intoacceptingHeurgedustotakeanimmediateaction.Heurgedusintotakinganimmediateaction.Heurgedthatwe(should)takeanimmediateaction.[巩固内化]单句语法填空/一句多译(should)bek3.abandonvt.放弃；抛弃

abandonedadj.被遗弃的，抛弃的；自我放任的Theydidn’twanttoabandonwhatthey’dalwaysthoughtastrue.(教材P37)他们不想放弃他们一直认为是真的东西。[合作探究]

体会abandon及其相关词的用法和意义Rescuershadabandonedallhopeoffindinganymoresurvivors.救援人员已放弃了能找到更多幸存者的所有希望。I’mconsideringabandoningsmokingsoon.我在考虑很快戒烟。Atthesadnews,heabandonedhimselftodespair.听到这悲惨的消息，他陷入了绝望之中。Peoplejumpedandshoutedwithabandon.人们尽情地跳着喊着。3.abandonvt.放弃；抛弃abandoned[自主发现]①abandonsb/sth放弃某人/某物②abandon____________sth放弃做某事③abandon____________to(doing)sth沉溺于/纵情于(做)某事④____________abandon放任地；放纵地doingoneselfwith[自主发现]①abandonsb/sth放弃某人/某物do[巩固内化]

完成句子①Weshould_______________________thatareharmfultoourhealth,suchassmokinganddrinking.我们应该摒弃那些对我们健康有害的坏习惯，如吸烟、喝酒等。②Theyoungmandoesnothingbut____________________________.那位年轻人除了沉溺于玩乐什么都不做。③Thegirlsjumpedupanddownandwavedtheirarms_______________．女孩们欢呼雀跃纵情地挥舞着她们的胳膊。④Therewas___________________bytheriverside.河边有一所废弃的房子。abandonthosebadhabitsabandonhimselftopleasurewithabandonanabandonedhouse[巩固内化]完成句子abandonthosebadh4.assumptionn．假定，假设

assumevt.假定；设想Peoplemaketheassumptionthatifsomeoneimportantandrespectedsaysthatsomethingisright,thenitmustbeso.(教材P37)人们认为，如果一个重要的、受人尊敬的人说某件事是对的，那么它一定是对的。4.assumptionn．假定，假设assumev[合作探究]

体会assumption及其相关词的用法和意义Thereadershouldnothavetomakeanassumptionastohowyourcharactersounds.读者不必假设你的角色听起来如何。Ontheassumptionthateverythingisprepared,wecanfinishthetaskin3days.假定一切准备好了，我们可以在3天内完成任务。Itisassumedthatyouareright,whatshouldwedonext?假定你是对的，我们下一步该怎么做？[合作探究]体会assumption及其相关词的用法和意义[自主发现]①make____________assumption认为，假定②____________theassumptionthat...假定……，以……的设想为依据③____________isassumedthat...……被认为[巩固内化]完成句子/同义句转换①Wecan____________________aboutthesethingsthefirsttimeout.我们可以将这些设置假定为第一次使用的情形。anonItmakeanassumption[自主发现]①make____________assum②_____________________________________，whatshouldwedo？假设他的故事是真的，我们应该怎么做？③Consideringwhatshehasdone,we__________________warm-hearted.→_______________________sheiswarm-heartedconsideringwhatshehasdone.Ontheassumptionthathisstoryistrueassume(that)sheisItisassumedthat②_____________________________1.approveof赞成，赞许Atfirst,peopleapprovedofhisstudiesandurgedhimtocontinue,butlaterwhenheprovedAristotlewrong,theygrewangryandputhiminprison.(教材P37)起初，人们赞成他的研究，并敦促他继续，但后来当他证明亚里士多德错了，他们变得愤怒，并把他投入监狱。1.approveof赞成，赞许Atfirst,pe[短语记牢]

记牢下列短语approveofsb/sth赞成某人/某事withone’sapproval经某人同意without(one’s)approval未经(某人)许可①Icanhardlyapproveoftheirmarriage.我很难赞成他们的婚姻。②DoeswhatIhavedonemeetwithyourapproval？我所做的你赞成吗？③Youmaynotdecoratetheflatwithoutthelandlord’sapproval.未经房东同意，你不可以装修公寓。[短语记牢]记牢下列短语[巩固内化]单句语法填空/完成句子①Stepparentsneedtowinachild’s____________(approve)．②Wecan’tapprove____________thingsofthissort.③Mydaughterdoesn’t____________me/mycominghere.我女儿不赞成我到这里来。④Wewenttotheparty_________________________.我们取得父母同意后去参加聚会。approvalofapproveofwithourparents’approval[巩固内化]单句语法填空/完成句子approvalofapp2.owe...to...把……归功于……WeowesomuchofourknowledgeandunderstandingoftheworldtopeoplelikeBaconandGalilei,whowerebraveenoughtostepoutfromtheshadowsofconventionalthoughtinordertofindthekingdomofknowledgethattoday’scivilisationisbuiltupon.(教材P37)我们对世界的认识和理解，很大程度上要归功于培根和伽利略这样的人，他们勇敢地走出传统思想的阴影，以便找到现代文明建立在此基础之上的知识王国。2.owe...to...把……归功于……Weowes[短语记牢]

记牢下列短语owe...to...把……归功于……owesbsth＝owesthtosb欠某人某物owingto因为；由于①Theteachersoweoursuccesstoourhardwork.老师把成功归功于我们的努力。②Thanksforstickingupforme,Ioweyouafavour.谢谢你支持我，我欠你一个人情。③Owingtothebadweather,theflightwasdelayedforacoupleofhours.由于天气恶劣，航班延误了好几个小时。[短语记牢]记牢下列短语[名师点津]

如果owe的宾语是动词不定式或名词性从句，可使用oweittosbtodo/that...结构。[巩固内化]完成句子①You_________________________anyway.不管怎样，你该给父母写封信了。②I___________________Ifinishedtheprojectintime.多亏你我才得以及时完成了这个项目。oweyourparentsaletteroweittoyouthat[名师点津]如果owe的宾语是动词不定式或名词性从句，可使③_____________________funds，theprojectwillnotcontinuenextyear.由于缺乏资金，该项目明年将中止。④He_________________________hisregularlife.他把健康归功于有规律的生活。Owingtoalackof

oweshisgoodhealthto③_____________________funds，t1.Itseemsobviousnowhowweacquireknowledgeandunderstanding.(教材P36)

现在看来，我们如何获得知识和理解是显而易见的。[句式解读]

it作形式主语，代替后面how引导的从句。[用法总结]

(1)Itbe＋形容词(possible,strange,natural,important...)＋that从句(2)Itbe＋动词的过去分词(said,thought,believed,supposed,reported...)＋that从句(3)It＋不及物动词(seem,occur,happen...)＋that从句(4)Itbe＋名词短语(apity,afact,awonder,anhonour,anidea,nowonder...)＋that从句1.Itseemsobviousnowhowwe①Itisstrangethatnobodyknowswherehehasgone.很奇怪没有人知道他去了哪儿了。②Itisrepo