2023新教材高中英语Unit1ScienceandScientistsSectionⅣAssessingYourProgress课时作业新人教版选择性必修第二册

SectionⅣAssessingYourProgress[基础训练]Ⅰ单词拼写1．(·江苏高考)Toenjoytheconvenienceof(数码的)payment,manyseniorcitizensstartedtousesmartphones.答案：digital2．SourceofCOVID－19(感染)mighthavenotappearedfirstinWuhan.答案：infection3．Marswasvisible,justinthecentreofthe(望远镜)．答案：telescope4．Wehavelotsofthingsincommon(除……之外(还))music.答案：besides5．Theoldmanisa(爱国的)overseasChinese.答案：patriotic6．I'monthenightstoday.答案：shift7．Thiswriterusesvdescriptionsinhiswritings.答案：vivid8．It'snotallyourf.I'malsoresponsible.答案：fault9．Sturntoliquidsandliquidsintogasesatcertaintemperatures.答案：Solids10．ThewholenationaredeterminedtotChinainthespiritofYuGongwhoremovedthemountains.答案：transformⅡ单句语法填空1．Myidealistobean(astronomy)．答案：astronomer2．Theshopswere(brilliant)litup.答案：brilliantly3．Thehouseisnotcomfortabletonightbecauseofthehigh(humid)．答案：humidity4．HehasmovedtoSpain,(seem)toenjoyaslowerstyleoflife.答案：seemingly5．(·江苏高考)Acityistheproductofthehumanhandandmind,reflectingman'sintelligenceand(create).答案：creativityⅢ单句写作1．统计分析是一种相当可靠的预测方法。isameansofarrivingatafairlyreliableforecast.答案：Statisticalanalysis2．公众可能会持有显然互相矛盾的态度。Thepublicareholdingapparentlycontradictoryattitudes.答案：capableof3．他的戏剧中总是有善恶之间的斗争。There'salwaysagoodandevilinhisplays.答案：conflictbetween4．拥护者认为开放源代码软件安全性更高。Supporterssaysoftwareismoresecure.答案：opensource5．成功要求具有良好的战略思考能力和务实态度。Beingsuccessfulrequiresgoodstrategicanda“CanDo”attitude.答案：thinkingability[思维训练]Ⅰ阅读(·杭州启正中学高二检测)SirJohnGurdon,aBritishscientist,whowontheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinein2012,saidhehadpredictedatthetimeofhisfrogexperimentsthatthesuccessfulcloningofamammalwouldhappenwithin50years,andthat“maybethesameanswerisappropriate”forthesteptohumancloning.Parentswholosechildreninaccidentsmaybeabletoclone“copies”toreplacethemthen.Althoughanyattempttocloneanentirehumanwouldraisecomplexmoralissues,thebiologistclaimedpeoplewouldsoonovercometheirconcernsifthetechniquebecamemedicallyeq\a\vs4\al(W1)useful.CloningwasregardedwithextremedoubtswhenitwasfirstdevelopedbutbecamewidelyacceptedafterthebirthofLouiseBrown,thefirst“test－tubebaby”.Hesaid,“Whenmyfirstfrogexperimentsweredone,anAmericanreporteraskedhowlongitwouldbebeforethesethingscouldbedoneinmammalsorhumans.Isaid,‘Well,itcouldbeanytimebetween10yearsand100years—howabout50years？’Itturnedoutthatitwasn'tfaroffthemarkasfarasDollywasconcerned.Maybethesameanswerisappropriate.”SirJohnaddedthatcloningahumanbeingeffectivelymeansmakinganidenticaltwin,anddoctorswouldthereforesimplybe“copyingwhatnaturehasalreadyproduced”．Theaveragevoteonallowingparentsofdeceasedeq\a\vs4\al(W2)children,whoarenolongereq\a\vs4\al(P1)fertileeq\a\vs4\al(W3)，tocreateanotherbyusingthemother'seggsandskincellsfromthefirstchild,thinkingthetechniquewassafeandeffective,is60percentinfavoreq\a\vs4\al(P2).Thereasonsfor“no”areusuallythatthenewchildrenwouldfeeltheyaresomesortofreplacementsforsomething.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主——英国科学家约翰·戈登爵士称，那些在事故中失去子女的父母将能在未来50年内借助克隆技术，让他们的子女得到“重生”。1．SirJohnpredictedthehumancloningwouldbearealityinatmost.A．about100years B．about60yearsC．about50years D．about10years答案：C细节理解题。根据第一段可知，格登爵士表示，在未来50年内，那些在事故中失去孩子的父母将有可能通过克隆技术得到孩子的“复制品”。故选C。2．Theunderlinedword“identical”probablymeans“”．A．same B．specialC．new D．clear答案：A词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“twin”和“doctorswouldthereforesimplybe‘copyingwhatnaturehasalreadyproduced’”可知，A项正确。3．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A．mostpeoplecastdoubtonJohn'sexperimentsB．humancloningisandwillbeonlyadreamC．fewchildrenlovetobeclonedinthefutureD．humancloningmayberealizedsomeday答案：D推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知，虽然克隆人类的尝试将引起复杂的道德问题，但是生物学家声称如果克隆技术变得有医学价值，人们很快就会消除他们的担心，因此可推断D项正确。eq\a\vs4\al(W重点单词)1．medicallyadv.医学上地2．deceasedadj.死去了的3．fertileadj.能生育的eq\a\vs4\al(P重点短语)1．nolonger不再……2.infavor支持，赞同Ⅱ七选五(·北京海淀区高二检测)Scientistsusedtoexploreonthesurfaceofocean.1Theywanttoknowaboutoceanwaterandtheplantandanimallifedeepintheocean.In1934thescientistWilliamBeebedived3,000feetbelowthesurfaceinahollowsteelball.In1935AugustPiccarddived10,330feet.2Alltheseearlydivesweredeep.Butthediverscouldnotstaydownforverylong.Theyhadtocomebackuptothesurfaceafterafewseconds.Scientistsneededtostaydownlongertostudylifebelowsurface.3Cousteau,aFrenchman,wasabletokeepmendowntoadepthof36feetforonemonthandtoadepthof900feetforaweek.4Withthisnewequipment,mencanstaybelowthesurfacefordaysorevenweeks.In1962Cousteausetuparesearchstation35feetbelowthesurface.Thenin1964hesetupanotherstationontheoceanflooroftheRedSea.Thiswasthefirstunderseastationtooperatewithouthelpfromthesurface.Manycountriesarenowstudyingundersealiving.TheformerSovietUnionhasanundersealaboratoryintheCrimeanSea.TheUnitedStateshasalaboratory50feetdownontheoceanfloorofftheVirginIslands.In1970fivemenlivedtherefortwoweeks.Thenateamoffivewomenscientistsstayedinthelaboratory.5Allweretheretoexploretheoceandepthsandtomakeplansfortheuseofitsresources.Scientistshopetofindenoughmaterial,vegetable,andanimalwealththeretoprovidefoodfortheentireworld.A．Graduallytheysucceeded.B．Nextcameotherteamsofmen.C．Nowtheyareexploringbelowthesurface,too.D．Theresourcesundertheseaareunbelievablyuseful.E．In1960hissonJeandivedtoadepthof35,800feet.F．Inthenearfuturewehumanscanpossiblyliveunderthesea.G．Nowscientistsaredevelopingevenbetterequipment.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家探索海底世界的发展历程。1．C根据上一句“Scientistsusedtoexploreonthesurfaceofocean.”和下一句可知，C项“现在他们也在探索海底世界”承上启下，指科学家过去常常在海平面上探索，现在他们也开始探索海平面以下，想要了解深海之处的动植物。故选C。2．E前两句列举了在海底进行探索的科学家和他们的潜入深度及探索时间。E项与前两句是并列关系。故选E。3．A上文描述了科学家一开始只能在海底待几秒钟，为了研究海底生物，他们需要在海底多待一些时间；再根据下文列举的例子“wasabletokeepmendowntoadepthof36feetforonemonth...”可知，这些科学家逐渐成功了，他们在海底待的时间越来越长了。故选A。4．G根据下一句中的“Withthisnewequipment”可知，G项中“developingevenbetterequipment”与之相呼应。故选G。5．B根据上文中的“In1970fivemen”“Thenateamoffivewomenscientists”可知，B项中的“Next”与上文是时间上的递进关系，符合语境。故选B。Ⅲ读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Lauriehadnotbeenskatinginanycompetitionsinceherleftkneewasbadlyinjuredinanaccidentsixmonthsago.Asshewaitedforherturntoskate,Lauriewasverynervous.Sheknewthattodaywasaveryimportantdayinhercomeback.Lauriewastoldthatshehadatoughcompetitionthisyear,andagirlfromConnecticutnamedJinnyJordanwhowasreallystrongineverything.“Sheistheoneyouhavetobeatthisyear，”thecoachsaid.Minuteslater,thedooropenedandLauriesawayoungwomanwhowasaboutherownage.Theyoungwomandumpedsomeofherbelongingsontoachair.Jinnylookedattheclothingandequipmentthatlayscatteredonthefloor.Asshebegantogatherherbelongings,thedooropened.“Jinny，”calledsomeone.“You'dbettergivethetapeofyourmusictothesoundengineerrightaway.”“IthoughtIgavehimmymusictapeanhourago，”saidJinny.“Tellhimit'sthegreenboxwithmyinitialswritteninwhiteintheright－handcorner.”“Hesaidyounevergaveittohim,andhe'sgettingangry.”“ThenIdon'tknowwhatIdidwithit，”saidJinny,hurryingout.Laurieknewthatmusicwasnearlyasimportanttotheprogramasskatingitself.Ifshelosthermusictape,shemightaswellforgetaboutskating.Paragraph1：Suddenlyshesawsomethingsmallanddarkgreenbehindthelegofthedressingtable.Paragraph2：Feelingrelieved,Laurieskatedquicklytothecenteroftherinkaftertheannouncerfinallycalledhername.写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Laurie因为左膝严重受伤不能参加任何滑冰比赛，第一次复出便遇到了强劲对手Jinny,Jinny的伴奏带找不到了，她还能参加比赛吗？Laurie又会怎么做呢？[精彩范文]Paragraph1：Suddenlyshesawsomethingsmallanddarkgreenbehindthelegofthedressingtable.Shepulleditout,andsawthewhiteInitialsJ．J.in