02（含听力）-2024年高考英语一轮复习测试卷

2024年高考英语一轮复习测试卷二本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）2023届浙江省杭嘉湖金四县区高二下学期5月调研测试第一节(共5小题;每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdidthemandoyesterday?A.Hehurthisface. B.Hehadatoothpulledout. C.Hewenttothedentist.【答案】C【原文】W:Hi,Robert,whathappenedtoyourface?M:Igotatoothfilledyesterday.Thathurt.2.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoflocalnewspapers?A.Puzzling. B.Disappointing. C.Satisfying.【答案】B【原文】M:Whatnewspaperareyoureading?W:NewYorkTimes.Ireaditeveryday.Idislikelocalnewspapersbecauseoftheironesidedreporting.3.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inabank. B.Inacinema. C.Atarestaurant.【答案】C【原文】W:Hereisyourbill,sir,86dollarsinall.Cashorcreditcard?M:Creditcard,please.Bytheway,canIhavemyfoodpackaged?W:Sure.Waitforaminute.4.Whatisthemandoing?A.Tellinggoodnews. B.Keepingasecret. C.Planningavacation.【答案】A【原文】M:Ireallydon’tknowhowtotellthistoyou.Well...hum...you’resureyouwon’tlosecontrolofyourself?W:eon.Justtellthetruth.Don’tbeataroundthebush.M:We’vewontwofreeticketstoHawaiiforasevendayvacation!!!5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Asong. B.Anovel. C.Afilm.【答案】C【详解】M:Sowhataspectdoyoulikebest?W:Mainlytheplot.It’ssofulloftwistsandturns.Ialsolikeitsmusicandtheleadingactress.M:Whatdoyouthinkoftheending?W:It’sgood,too.第二节(共15小题;每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whydidthemanmakethephonecall?A.Tomakeareservation. B.Tohaveadiscussion. C.Toaskforameeting.7.Whenwillthespeakershavedinnertogether?A.OnFriday. B.OnSaturday. C.OnSunday.【答案】6.C7.B【原文】M:Hi,Jenny.Jasonhere.It’sgreattohearyourvoiceagain.W:Hi,Jason.Longtimenosee.Howiseverythinggoing?M:Notsobad,youknow.Whataboutyou?WhenareyouleavingforBerkeley?W:Intwoweeks.M:Sosoon.Well,I’dliketoseeyouagainbeforeyouleave.WouldyouliketogooutwithmeonFriday?Dinnerandmaybeamovieorsomethingafterwards.W:Oh,I’msorry,Jason.I’vealreadygotplansforFridayevening.HowaboutSaturday?OrSunday?M:Saturday’sfine.I’llmakeadinnerreservationfor7o’clock.IsthatOK?W:Finewithme.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Wheredidthewomanlearnabouttheapartment?A.OnTV. B.Inthenewspaper. C.OntheInternet.9.Howmuchisthemonthlyrent?A.About£600. B.About£300. C.About£150.10.Whatwillbringaboutanextrafee?A.Heat. B.Electricity. C.Parking.【答案】8.C9.A10.B【解析】W:Goodmorning.I’mcallingabouttheapartmentyouadvertisedonline.M:Morning,Madam.MayIknowwhenyouneedit?W:Sometimearoundnextweek.Whatcanyoutellmeaboutthisapartment?M:Well,it’saonebedroomapartment.Therentis£150perweek.Gasandwaterisincluded.Boththeheatandstovearegas.Youpayelectricityonly.Letmesee...Whatelse...Oh.You’llbeassignedaparkingspaceatnoextracharge.And...that’sprobablyit.W:Soundsgood.MayIeovertomorrowtotakealook?M:Sure.Howabout11am?W:Good.MynameisLucy.M:Thanksforcalling,Lucy.I’llseeyoutomorrow.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.Whydidthespeakersgetthereearly?A.Togetgoodseats. B.Toattendaclass. C.Tobuysomefood.12.Whichseatsarethespeakersleastlikelytochoose?A.Theseatsintheback. B.Theseatsinthemiddle. C.Theseatsinthefront.13.Whataretheyprobablydoing?A.Theyaretalkingaboutalesson.B.Theyarequeuingforafilm.C.Theyarebuyingsomepopcorn.【答案】11.A12.C13.B【原文】M:Wow,lookatthelinebehindus!It’sworsethanIexpected.We’reluckywegothereanhourearly.Orelsewewoulddefinitelyhaveproblemsgettinggoodseats.W:Yes.Ilearnedmylesson.LasttimeIdidn’tarriveearlyenoughandendedupwithaterribleseatinthefrontrow!Believeme,itwasoneoftheworstmovieexperiencesever.M:Yeah!Ihatesittinginthefrontrow,too.W:Bytheway,itwasreallythoughtfulofyoutogetthisticketforme.Ireallyappreciateit.Whydon’tIbuyyousomepopcornandadrink?Whatkindofsodadoyouwant?M:Letmesee...I’lltakealargeCoke.Asforthepopcorn,mediumsizewilldo.Thanksalot.W:I’dbettergetgoing.YouholdmyplaceandI’llbebackasquicklyaspossible.Oh,incaseyougetinbeforeIgetback,justsavemeaseatandI’llmeetyouinside.M:Gotit!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.Whatisthemandoing?A.Makingapresentation. B.Attendingameeting. C.Hostingaprogram.15.WhatmakesHillarynervous?A.Singingasongonstage. B.Givingapublicspeech. C.Connectingkids.16.WhatcanbetterchangetheworldaccordingtoHillary?A.Politics. B.Education. C.Business.【答案】14.C15.A16.B【原文】M:Hillary,it’ssogoodtohaveyouinthestudio.Tellusmoreaboutyourpany.W:OK.We’reanonlinemunity,wherewecanhavekidsfromallovertheworldonourplatformtotalktoeachotheraboutdifferenttopicsthatinterestthem.Rightnow,we’vegotmorethan40,000downloadsfrommorethan50countries.M:Wow.ImeanyouarenotonlytheyoungestCEOofthiscountry,butalsoaninspirationalpublicspeaker.Doyougetnervousonthestage?W:Notatallifyougetmetalkingordebating.Butitwillbeanotherstoryifyougetmetosing.M:Whatmadeyoustartyourpany?W:Well,actuallyI’mveryinterestedinpolitics.AndIthinkthatbeingapoliticianisnotthebestwaytochangetheworld.Butdoingeducationis.AndthenIrealizedthatconnectingkidswassomethingthatcanhaveagreateffectonsociety.Iwasjustlike,“Let’sdoit.”M:Okay,Hillary,I’velearnedalotfromyou.Thankyousomuchforingtoday.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.WhatisHabitatforHumanity?A.Afarm. B.Amunity. C.Anorganization.18.WhydidtheFullersfoundHabitatforHumanity?A.Tomakeprofits. B.Toprovideshelterforthepoor. C.Toliveasimplelife.19.WhomusttakepartinbuildingHabitathouses?A.Buildingpanies. B.Localauthorities. C.Houseowners.20.WhatdoweknowaboutHabitathouses?A.Theyarecheap. B.Theyareexpensive. C.Theyarefree.【答案】17.C18.B19.C20.A【原文】In1965,MillardandLindaFullerdecidedtotradeintheirlivesasmillionairesforasimplelifehelpingothers.Theymadethisdecisionaftervisitingamunityrunfarm,whereeveryoneworkedtogetherandhelpedeachother.ThefarminspiredtheFullerstohelpothers,andin1976theyfoundedHabitatforHumanity,anongovernmentalorganizationthataimstobuildhousesforpoorpeoplearoundtheworld.Habitathousesarebuiltbyvolunteers,andthematerialsusedtobuildthehousesaredonated.BecausetheFullersbelievedthatpeopleshouldworktoimprovetheirownlives,thosewhoreceiveahousemustalsohelpbuildtheirhomes.Inkeepingwiththeirbeliefthatpeopleshouldhelpthemselves,theFullerswantedtoensurethathouseswerenotsimplyhandedtopeopleinneed.Habitathousesarenotfree,buttheyarelessexpensivethanotherhousesbecausetheorganizationdoesnotprofitfromthem.Todaytherearevolunteersallaroundtheworld.Ifyoucanjoinus,youwillhelpHabitatforHumanitybuildhopearoundtheworld.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A(2023届高三11月高考科目诊断性考试)VISITTHERIJKSMUSEUMSOMUCHFINEARTINONEPLACE.SPENTALLDAYTHEREANDSTILLDIDN’TSEEITALL!REALLYIMPRESSIVEANDDEFINITELYAMUSTVISITINAMSTERDAM.•DOWNTOWNAMSTERDAMTheRijksmuseumranksamongtheworld’smostfamousmuseumsforthefameofthemasterpiecesinitscollection.LikeTheMilkmaidbyVermeer,SelfportraitbyVanGogh,TheMerryFamilybyJanSteenandRembrandt’sNightWatch.Butsomanyotherpiecesinthecollectioncouldtakeyoubysurpriseandcaptureyourimagination.Nomatterhowoldyouare,orwhereyou’refrom,you’lldiscoversomethingnewattheRijksmuseum.ABSOLUTELYBEAUTIFUL.THEART,THEGROUNDSANDTHEAUDIOTOURAREWONDERFUL.IFYOU’REINAMSTERDAM,DON’TMISSTHIS.•SEEANDDOThere’ssomethingforeveryoneattheRijksmuseum.Fromguidedtourstofamilygames,workshopsandtheatreprogrammes.Ifyou’revisitingforthefirsttime,howabouttakingThebestoftheRijksmuseumtour?Duringschoolholidays,wearrangespecialactivitiesforyoungpeople,likeanEscapeGame.Daily9to17hFunforkidsfromage4PRICESAdults:Freeforages18andunderFreeforFriendsSTARTTIMEAvisitstartswithastarttime.Youcanbookonehere.Youcanbookonehere.OnlyFriendsofthemuseumcanewhentheywantwithoutmakingabooking.CASHLESSInthewholemuseumyoucanonlypaywithyourfavouritedigitalpaymentmethodorcreditcard.Thisappliestoallshopsandcateringoutlets.21.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atravelwebsite. B.Asciencemagazine.C.Abusinessnewspaper. D.Ageographicalencyclopedia.22.WhatmakestheRijksmuseumstandoutamongthemuseumsintheworld?A.Theserviceofthemuseum.B.Thevarietyofculturalactivities.C.Theapplianceofdigitalpayment.D.Thecollectionofsuperbartworks.23.What’sthesuggestionfornewvisitorstothemuseum?A.Enjoytherichtheatreprogrammes.B.ParticipateinathrillingEscapeGame.C.Takeaguidedtourinsearchofthebest.D.Visitdifferentworkshopsinthemuseum.【答案】21.A22.D23.C【解析】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍阿姆斯特丹的Rijksmuseum博物馆。21推理判断题。根据文章标题“VISITTHERIJKSMUSEUM”(参观RIJKS博物馆)可知，这是一篇有关Rijks博物馆旅游的相关信息，所以这篇文章应该是来源于旅游网页。故选A。22细节理解题。根据“TheRijksmuseumranksamongtheworld’smostfamousmuseumsforthefameofthemasterpiecesinitscollection.”(Rijks博物馆因其收藏的杰作而跻身于世界上最著名的博物馆之列。)可知，Rijksmuseum博物馆因其收藏的杰作而有名。故选D。23细节理解题。根据“There’ssomethingforeveryoneattheRijksmuseum.Fromguidedtourstofamilygames,workshopsandtheatreprogrammes.Ifyou’revisitingforthefirsttime,howabouttakingThebestoftheRijksmuseumtour?”(在Rijksmuseum，每个人都可以得到一些东西，从带有导游的旅程到家庭游戏，工作坊和戏剧节目。如果你是第一次来参观，那么可以体验ThebestoftheRijksmuseum旅程怎么样？)可知，作者建议游客如果是第一次来参观，体验ThebestoftheRijksmuseum旅程，可以让游客找到适合自己的内容。故选C。B(2023届浙江Z20名校联盟高三第三次联考英语试题)Asachild,Iwasproudofmysouthernorigin.Myownvoicereflectedmyfamily’spastandpresentpartnorthernMississippi,partTennessee,allsouthern.TherewasnosoundIlovedmorethanmygrandmother’saccent:thick,sweet,warm.Whilegrowingup,Ibegantorealizeoutsideofourregion,southernerswereoftendismissedasunculturedandignorant.IwasreadytoleavebehindmytinytowninWestTennessee,startinganewlifeandjumpingatbigchancesinsomefaroffcities.Inthatembarrassingspacebetween“teen”and“adult”,myaccentwasasymbolofeverythingIthoughtIhatedaboutmylifeintheruralSouth.Ifeareditwoulddisqualifymefrombeinganotedmagazinewriter.Iwouldhavetotalkless“country”.SoIkilledapieceofmyself.I’mashamedofit,butI’mmoreashamedthatItriedtokillthatpartofsomeoneelsechangeEmily’saccent.ImetEmilyincollege.Shewasdeterminedtoworkforthestudentnewspaper,whichwaswhereIspentmostofmywakinghours,andwebecamefriends.She,unlikeme,acceptedherroots.Earlyinourfriendship,hermotheraskedwhereIwasfrom,assumingitwassomewhereupnorth.ThenIfeltmyeffortspaidoffandevenwantedtoignorethemistake.Emilyistwoyearsyoungerandshecaredaboutmyopinion.IadvisedhertobemorelikemeandhidehersignatureManchesteraccent.Istressedthatthroughoutourcollegeyears,oftenbymakingfunofhervowel(元音)sounds.ItoldmyselfIwashelpingherachieveherdreamofworkingasareporter.Now,Iseethatitwasactuallyaboutjustifyingmyhidingpartofmyself.GrandmaCarolynusedtotellme,“Girl,don’tforgetwhereyouefrom.”NowItrulyunderstandthat.Manythingshavefadedfrommemory,butthissticksinmymindwithunfortableclarity.NowthatIamgrownandhavelefttheSouth,it’simportanttome.24.Whatmadetheauthorwanttoleaveherhometown?A.Appealofconvenienceincities. B.Herdreamofbeingawriter.C.Outsideprejudiceagainstsoutherners. D.Herdesireforthenorthernaccent.25.HowdidtheauthorfeelaboutthemistakeofEmily’smother?A.Upset. B.Pleased. C.Ashamed. D.Surprised.26.WhyonearthdidtheauthortrytochangeEmily’saccent?A.Toproveherselfright. B.TohelpEmilybeareporter.C.Tomakeherselfinfluential. D.ToprotectEmily’sselfdignity.27.Whatmessagedoesthetextwanttoconvey?A.Staytruetoyourroots. B.Neverdothingsbyhalves.C.Holdontoyourdreams. D.Neverjudgeapersonbyhisaccent.【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者因为别人的偏见以及追求更好的生活改变自己的口音，但后来才意识到这样做抹杀了自己身份的一部分，也明白了要坚守本根。24细节理解题。根据第二段的“Whilegrowingup,Ibegantorealizeoutsideofourregion,southernerswereoftendismissedasunculturedandignorant.IwasreadytoleavebehindmytinytowninWestTennessee,startinganewlifeandjumpingatbigchancesinsomefaroffcities.(在成长过程中，我开始意识到，在我们的地区之外，南方人经常被认为是没有文化和无知的。我准备离开我在西田纳西州的小镇，开始新的生活，并在一些遥远的城市抓住大好机会)”可知，作者决定离开南部的家乡是因为其他人认为南方人没文化、无知，即外部对南方人的偏见。故选C。25推理判断题。根据第三段的“Earlyinourfriendship,hermotheraskedwhereIwasfrom,assumingitwassomewhereupnorth.ThenIfeltmyeffortspaidoffandevenwantedtoignorethemistake.(在我们的友谊之初，她妈妈问我来自哪里，以为是北方的某个地方。然后我觉得我的努力得到了回报，甚至想忽略这个错误)”推知，当被Emily的妈妈误会来自北方时，作者是非常开心的。故选B。26推理判断题。根据第二段的“Ifeareditwoulddisqualifymefrombeinganotedmagazinewriter.Iwouldhavetotalkless“country”.SoIkilledapieceofmyself.(我担心这会使我失去成为著名杂志作家的资格。我就得少说些“乡村”了。所以我抹杀了自己身份的一部分)”，第三段的“Shewasdeterminedtoworkforthestudentnewspaper,whichwaswhereIspentmostofmywakinghours(她决心为校报工作，而我醒着的大部分时间都在那里度过的)”以及倒数第二段的“IadvisedhertobemorelikemeandhidehersignatureManchesteraccent.Istressedthatthroughoutourcollegeyears,oftenbymakingfunofhervowel(元音)sounds.ItoldmyselfIwashelpingherachieveherdreamofworkingasareporter.(我建议她更像我，隐藏她标志性的曼彻斯特口音。在我们的大学生活中，我经常通过取笑她的元音来强调这一点。我告诉自己，我是在帮她实现当记者的梦想)”可知，作者通过改变自己的口音获得了在校报工作的机会。由此推知，作者努力改变Emily的口音是为了证明自己是对的，即改变南方口音就有可能获得好工作。故选A。27推理判断题。通读全文，并结合第二段的“I’mashamedofit,butI’mmoreashamedthatItriedtokillthatpartofsomeoneelsechangeEmily’saccent.(我很惭愧，但我更惭愧的是我试图抹杀别人的那部分——改变艾米丽的口音)”和最后一段“GrandmaCarolynusedtotellme,“Girl,don’tforgetwhereyouefrom.”NowItrulyunderstandthat.Manythingshavefadedfrommemory,butthissticksinmymindwithunfortableclarity.(卡罗琳奶奶过去常对我说：“女孩，别忘了你来自哪里。”现在我真的明白了。许多事情已经从记忆中消失了，但这件事却以令人不安的清晰印象留在了我的脑海中)”可知，文章想要传达的信息是：坚守本根。故选A。C(2023届浙江省金华十校高三上学期11月模拟考试)Whilethoseineducationunderstandthecurrentstateofthenation’sliteracy(读写能力)crisis,mosteverydayAmericansaredangerouslyunaware.AccordingtotheU.S.DepartmentofEducation,nearly130millionAmericanadultsreadbelowasixthgradelevel.Now,considerhowthatnumberrepresentsmorethanhalftheadultU.S.population.That’snotsurprising,accordingtothemostrecent“Nation’sReportCard”bytheNationalAssessmentofEducationalProgress(NAEP).TheNAEPreportsthatroughlyjustonethirdofstudentsinfourth,eighthand12thgradesareproficient(精通)inreadingandhave“solidacademicperformanceanddemonstratedpetencyoverchallengingsubjectmatter.”Infact,thisU.S.readingcrisishasbeen20yearsinthemaking.Whileonethirdofstudentsareconsideredproficient,thestatisticsareevenmorealarmingforlowinestudents,studentsofcolorandstudentswithdisabilities.Meanwhile,theCOVID19pandemic(流行病)hasexposedagrowing“digitaldivide”inwhichthosewithoutaccesstosupportivelearningprogramsandteacherswillcontinuetoslidethroughthecracks.Thisistroublingformanyreasons.Literacycanbeagreatequalizer,levelingtheplayingfieldacrosssystemicsocialissues,likeraceandgenderinequality.Itplaysanenormousroleinincreasingaccesstoeconomicopportunity.ItisestimatedthatincreasingliteracyproficiencyhasthepotentialtogeneratealotmoreinannualinefortheUnitedStates.Andontheindividuallevel,illiteracycanimpactaperson’slifetimeearningpotentialby30—42%.Still,thebenefitsofliteracygofarbeyondsomeone’searningability.Literacysupportssocial,physicalandemotionalwellbeing,anditaffectseverythingfromcrimeratestohospitaladmissionstoselfconfidence.Butchallengingastheliteracylandscapemayseemrightnow,thereiscauseforoptimism.Andthestrategyforliteracyissimple.28.WhatdoweknowaboutAmerica’sliteracycrisis?A.Itdatesbackabouttwodecades.B.ItiswellunderstoodbymostAmericans.C.ItinvolveshalfoftheAmericanpopulation.D.Itismainlycausedbythegrowingdigitaldivide.29.Whydoestheauthormentionthreespecificgroupsofstudentsinparagraph4?A.Toattractpublicattentiontothesestudents.B.ToshowtheseriousnessofliteracycrisisinAmerica.C.TostresstheinequalityintheAmericaneducationsystem.D.TopraisethehighreadingproficiencylevelofAmericanstudents.30.Whatisapossibleresultofimprovedliteracyontheindividuallevel?A.Highercrimerates. B.Increasedselfconfidence.C.Strongerdesireforwealth. D.Equallearningopportunities.31.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoliteracyinAmerica?A.Tolerant. B.Ambiguous. C.Doubtful. D.Hopeful.【答案】28.A29.B30.C31.D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了近1.3亿美国成年人的阅读水平低于六年级，文盲危机涉及一半的美国人口，美国的扫盲状况目前看起来很有挑战性，我们还是有理由感到乐观的，因为提高读写能力的方法很简单。28细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Whilethoseineducationunderstandthecurrentstateofthenation’sliteracy(读写能力)crisis,mosteverydayAmericansaredangerouslyunaware.(虽然从事教育的人了解美国识字率危机的现状，但大多数普通美国人却危险地不知道)”以及文章第四段“Infact,thisU.S.readingcrisishasbeen20yearsinthemaking.(事实上，这场美国阅读危机已经酝酿了20年)”可知，美国人的阅读危机可以追溯到大约20年前。故选A。29推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Infact,thisU.S.readingcrisishasbeen20yearsinthemaking.Whileonethirdofstudentsareconsideredproficient,thestatisticsareevenmorealarmingforlowinestudents,studentsofcolorandstudentswithdisabilities.(事实上，这场美国阅读危机已经酝酿了20年。虽然三分之一的学生被认为是优秀的，但对于低收入家庭的学生、有色人种的学生和残疾学生来说，统计数据更令人担忧)”可知，对于低收入家庭的学生、有色人种的学生和残疾学生来说，阅读这方面的问题是更加的严重的。故选B。30推理判断题。根据文章第七段“ItisestimatedthatincreasingliteracyproficiencyhasthepotentialtogeneratealotmoreinannualinefortheUnitedStates.Andontheindividuallevel,illiteracycanimpactaperson’slifetimeearningpotentialby3042%(据估计，提高读写能力有可能为美国带来更多的年收入。在个人层面上，文盲会对一个人一生的收入潜力造成3042%的影响)”可知，提高读写能力有助于人们追求更多的财富。故选C。31推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Butchallengingastheliteracylandscapemayseemrightnow,thereiscauseforoptimism.Andthestrategyforliteracyissimple.(不过，尽管扫盲状况目前看起来很有挑战性，我们还是有理由感到乐观的。提高读写能力的方法很简单)”可知，作者认为扫盲状况看起来有挑战性，但是由于提高读写能力的方法很简单，作者是很乐观的。故选D。D(2023届浙江省宁波市高三上学期高考与选考模拟考试)Aeronautics(航空学)specialistsfromtheUniversityofSouthAustraliaspentmonthsstudyingthedragonfly’sflight,creating3Dmodelsfromdigitalimages,tobuildawingeddrone(无人机).StudyleaderJavaanChahlbelievesthatwingeddronesbasedonthedragonfly’sshapeandmovementwillsimplybemoreflexibleandenergyefficient.Chahl’steamusedaspecialphotographytechniquetoclassifythewingshapesof75differentdragonflyspeciesfrommuseumcollections.Theirwingsarelong,lightandhard.Plus,theirlongbodiesgivethemexcellentstabilityandbalance,makingitpossibleforwingeddronestodeliverawkwardloadsandundertakelongobservationmissions.Investigatingthewaythatdragonfliesremainstableduringflightactuallyrevealsthetechniquestheyusetogetthemselvesoutoftrickysituations.Dragonfliesarefoundtobeabletoperformupsidedownbackflipstoregainbalanceandnormalflight,whentheyfindthemselvesupsidedownmidair.Thisspecialskillcanevenbeperformedwhiledragonfliesareunconscious,meaningitisapassivestabilitymechanismsimilarinconcepttoplanesthataredesignedtoglidetosafetywiththeirenginesturnedoff.Engineersarelookingtocopydragonflywingstocreatesaferdronesthatcanrightthemselves.Ofcourse,notallattemptstobuilddragonflylikedronesaresuccessful.TechJet’sairvehiclewassupposedtooperateasanaerialcamera,observationandsecuritydrone,butitfailedbeforeproductiongotunderway.Similarly,Insectothopter,anAmericandragonflyspydronebuiltinthe1970swasdeserted.Yettheprinciplesbehindwingeddronesaresolid.Infact,NASAhassettledonanuclearpoweredautonomouscraftcalledDragonflytoexplorethesurfaceofSaturn’smoonTitanin2034.NASA’sprojectisactuallyanairvehicle,ratherthanawingeddrone,butengineersarestillconvincedtheycancrackthecodeofnature’smostgiftedflyinginsectandrevolutionizeunmannedflightalongtheway.32.Whydidaeronauticsspecialistsspendmonthsstudyingthedragonfly’sflight?A.Tobuild3Dmodelsfromdigitalimages.B.Tomakewingeddronesmodelledafterit.C.Toclarifytheflexibilityandefficiencyofdrones.D.Todisplaytheshapeandmovementofthedragonfly.33.Thespecialskillofdragonfliesistheirabilityto_________.A.glidetosafety B.avoidtrickysituationsC.performobservationtasks D.adjustthemselvestostaystable34.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardswingeddrones?A.Skeptical. B.Uncertain. C.Supportive. D.Conservative.35.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WingedDrones:StillaLongWaytoGoB.JavaanChahl:AnInnovativeLeaderofAeronauticsC.ADragonfly’sFlyingTechnique:PerfectforDronesD.TheCodeofNature:ASolutiontoNASA’sSpaceExploration【答案】32.B33.D34.C35.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。南澳大利亚大学的航空专家花了几个月的时间研究蜻蜓的飞行，从数字图像创建3D模型，以建造一架有翼无人机。文章介绍了蜻蜓特殊的飞行技能以及人们对类似蜻蜓的无人机的尝试。32细节理解题。根据第一段“Aeronautics(航空学)specialistsfromtheUniversityofSouthAustraliaspentmonthsstudyingthedragonfly’sflight,creating3Dmodelsfromdigitalimages,tobuildawingeddrone(无人机).(南澳大利亚大学的航空专家花了几个月的时间研究蜻蜓的飞行，从数字图像创建3D模型，以建造一架有翼无人机)”可知，航空专家花了几个月的时间研究蜻蜓的飞行是为了仿照它制作有翼无人机。故选B。33细节理解题。根据第三段中“Dragonfliesarefoundtobeabletoperformupsidedownbackflipstoregainbalanceandnormalflight,whentheyfindthemselvesupsidedownmidair.Thisspecialskillcanevenbeperformedwhiledragonfliesareunconscious,meaningitisapassivestabilitymechanismsimilarinconcepttoplanesthataredesignedtoglidetosafetywiththeirenginesturnedoff.(人们发现，当蜻蜓发现自己在半空中倒立时，它们能够进行倒立后空翻以恢复平衡和正常飞行。这种特殊技能甚至可以在蜻蜓无意识的情况下进行，这意味着它是一种被动稳定机制，在概念上类似于飞机在关闭引擎的情况下滑翔到安全地带)”可知，蜻蜓的特殊技能是它们调整自己以保持稳定的能力。故选D。34推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Yettheprinciplesbehindwingeddronesaresolid.(然而，有翼无人机背后的原理是可靠的)”以及“NASA’sprojectisactuallyanairvehicle,ratherthanawingeddrone,butengineersarestillconvincedtheycancrackthecodeofnature’smostgiftedflyinginsectandrevolutionizeunmannedflightalongtheway.(美国宇航局的项目实际上是一种飞行器，而不是有翼无人机，但工程师们仍然相信他们可以破解自然界最具天赋的飞行昆虫的密码，并在此过程中彻底改变无人飞行)”可推知，作者对有翼无人机的态度是支持的。故选C。35主旨大意题。根据第一段“Aeronautics(航空学)specialistsfromtheUniversityofSouthAustraliaspentmonthsstudyingthedragonfly’sflight,creating3Dmodelsfromdigitalimages,tobuildawingeddrone(无人机).StudyleaderJavaanChahlbelievesthatwingeddronesbasedonthedragonfly’sshapeandmovementwillsimplybemoreflexibleandenergyefficient.(南澳大利亚大学的航空专家花了几个月的时间研究蜻蜓的飞行，从数字图像创建3D模型，以建造一架有翼无人机。研究负责人JavaanChahl认为，基于蜻蜓形状和运动的带翼无人机将更加灵活和节能)”结合文章介绍了蜻蜓特殊的飞行技能以及人们对类似蜻蜓的无人机的尝试。可知，C选项“蜻蜓的飞行技术：无人机的完美选择”最符合文章标题。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题分，分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(20222023学年浙江省湖州、丽水、衢州三地市高三上学期11月教学质量测试)HowtostopglassesfoggingupwithafacemaskWearingamaskkeepsyousafeduringthepandemic,butitewithitsownsetofchallenges.And,oneofthebiggestdrawbacksofwearingamaskishowmuchyourglassesfogupandaffectyourvision.Takingoffyourglassestowipethemcleaneachtimeitfogsupisnotonlyfrustrating,butitcanalsoincreasetheriskofinfection.___36___Herearesometrickstostopit.Twistyourmaskstrings.Fromtheside,onceyoutwistit,thestringswilllooklikethefigureeight.Thisisgreatforstoppingfoggingbecauseitredirectsyourbreathbyputtingslightdownwardpressureonthetoppartofthemask.___37___Thismayleaveyouinfectedbyvirus.___38___Ifyouwashyourglasseswithsoap,thiscreatesathinfilmonyourlenseswhichlimitsfogging.Useafragrancefreesoapandmixitwithwarmwater.Putyourglassesinitandletitairdry.Whenyouwearyourglassesnext,soapmoleculesonyourlensesshouldblockfogging.Usetissues.Youcanputatissueunderthetoppartofthemask.___39___TodothisDIYtrickproperly,youshouldfoldatissueinhalfandplacethestraightedgealongthebridgeofyournose.Changethepositionofyourmasksandglasses.___40___Butifyoudothisthereareafewthingstokeepinmind.Firstly,youneedtomakesurethatyourmaskstillcoversyourchin(下巴)afteryoupullitup.And,ifyourprescriptionisstronger,thistrickcouldimpactyourvisionandcauseincreasedblurriness.A.Putglassesinthewater.B.Washyourglasseswithsoap.C.Itwillhelpcatchairanddamp,keepingyourglassesfreeoffog.D.Sothekeyistopreventorminimizefoggingduetofacemasks.E.Coveryourchinwithmaskstopreventneedforrepositioningwhentalking.F.Though,it’sworthnotingthatitdoescreateaslightgapbetweenthemaskandyourface.G.Pullupyourmaskanddrawyourglassesdown,blockingyourbreathfromrisingupwards.【答案】36.D37.F38.B39.C40.G【解析】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了几个防止戴口罩眼镜起雾的方法。36上文“Takingoffyourglassestowipethemcleaneachtimeitfogsupisnotonlyfrustrating,butitcanalsoincreasetheriskofinfection.(每当眼镜起雾时，摘下眼镜把它擦干净不仅令人沮丧，还会增加感染的风险)”说明戴口罩使眼镜起雾所带来的问题；下文“Herearesometrickstostopit.(这里有一些技巧可以阻止它)”指出有些技巧可以防止眼镜起雾；D选项“Sothekeyistopreventorminimizefoggingduetofacemasks.(因此，关键是防止或尽量减少口罩造成的雾气)”起到承上启下的作用，“thekey”指出上文中问题的解决方法，“foggingduetofacemasks”是下文“it”所指代的内容。故选D。37上文“Thisisgreatforstoppingfoggingbecauseitredirectsyourbreathbyputtingslightdownwardpressureonthetoppartofthemask.”(这对防止起雾非常好，因为它通过在口罩顶部施加轻微的向下压力来改变你呼出的气体的方向)阐述了“Twistyourmaskstrings.(扭扭你的口罩绳)”所起到的防止起雾的作用以及原理；下文“Thismayleaveyouinfectedbyvirus.(这可能会让你被病毒感染)”说明可能会出现的问题，所以设空处应填与上文表示转折关系，同时又承接下文的句子，F选项“Though,it’sworthnotingthatitdoescreateaslightgapbetweenthemaskandyourface.(不过，值得注意的是，它确实会在口罩和你的脸之间产生一个微小的间隙)”符合语意，故选F。38文章结构分析可知，此空概括下文整段内容，起到小标题的作用。由下文“Ifyouwashyourglasseswithsoap,thiscreatesathinfilmonyourlenseswhichlimitsfogging.(如果你用肥皂洗