Unit+2+Understanding+ideas年高中英语外研版（2019）必修第一册

+PresentationPowerpointtemplateUnit2ExploringEnglish

Understandingideas

新标准《英语》高中必修第一册

TodayExploringWelcome

toTodayExploring.I’mCindy.Today’stopicisexploringthesecretsofEnglish.I’mSam.Cindy,doyouknowtherearemanyinterestingphenomenoninlanguage?老婆饼松鼠桂鱼狮子头夫妻肺片NeitherPinenorAppleinPineappleUnderstandingideas

Activity1Lookatthetitleofthepassageandthepictures.Tickwhatyouthinkthepassageisabout.NeitherPinenorAppleinPineapple菠萝≠松树+苹果Haveyoueveraskedyourselfwhypeopleoftenhavetroublelearning

English?你有没有问过自己，为什么人们常常在学习英语方面有困难？Ihadn’t,untilonedaymyfive-year-oldsonaskedme我从未想过这个问题，直到有一天，我五岁的儿子问我whethertherewashaminahamburger.Thereisn’t.是否汉堡里有火腿。答案是没有。Thismademerealizethatthere’snoeggineggplanteither.这让我意识到eggplant(茄子)里也没有egg(鸡蛋)。Neitheristherepinenorappleinpineapple.pineapple(菠萝)里既没有pine(松树)，也没有apple(苹果)。ThisgotmethinkinghowEnglishcanbeacrazylanguagetolearn.这让我陷入思考：对于学习者而言，英语到底可以有多疯狂呢？Forexample,inourfreetimewecansculptasculptureandpaintapainting,例如，我们可以在闲暇时雕刻一座雕像(sculptasculpture)、画一幅画(paintapainting)，butwetakeaphoto.但我们只能take(拍)一张照片。Andwhenwearetravelingwesaythatweareinthecarorthetaxi,旅行时，我们坐汽车或出租车时是说坐在里面(in)，butonthetrainorbus!但是坐火车或公共汽车时却要说坐在上面(on)！Whilewe’redoingallthistraveling,而当我们旅行时，wecangetseasickatsea,airsickintheairandcarsickinacar,同样，我们会在海上晕船、在飞机晕机、在车里晕车，butwedon’tgethomesickwhenwegetbackhome.但回到家里我们却不会“晕家”(homesick，实际意为“想家的，思乡的”)。Andspeakingofhome,whyaren’thomeworkandhouseworkthesamething?说到家，为什么homework和housework不是一回事呢？Forexample,inourfreetimewecansculptasculptureandpaintapainting,例如，我们可以在闲暇时雕刻一座雕像(sculptasculpture)、画一幅画(paintapainting)，butwetakeaphoto.但我们只能take(拍)一张照片。Andwhenwearetravelingwesaythatweareinthecarorthetaxi,旅行时，我们坐汽车或出租车时是说坐在里面(in)，butonthetrainorbus!但是坐火车或公共汽车时却要说坐在上面(on)！Whilewe’redoingallthistraveling,而当我们旅行时，wecangetseasickatsea,airsickintheairandcarsickinacar,同样，我们会在海上晕船、在飞机晕机、在车里晕车，butwedon’tgethomesickwhenwegetbackhome.但回到家里我们却不会“晕家”(homesick，实际意为“想家的，思乡的”)。Andspeakingofhome,whyaren’thomeworkandhouseworkthesamething?说到家，为什么homework和housework不是一回事呢？If“hard”istheoppositeof“soft”,如果说hard(硬)是soft(软)的反义词，whyare“hardly”and“softly”notanopposing

pair?为什么hardly(几乎不)和softly(柔和地，轻柔地)却不是一对反义词呢？Ifharmlessactionsaretheoppositeofharmfulactions,如果说harmlessactions(无害的行为)与harmfulactions(有害的行为)意思相反，whyareshamelessandshamefulbehaviorsthesame?为什么无耻的行为(shamelessbehaviors)和可耻的行为(shamefulbehaviors)反而是一回事？Whenwelookoutofthewindowandseerainorsnow,

当我们望向窗外，看到雨(rain)或雪(snow)时，wecansay“it’sraining”or“it’ssnowing”.

我们可以说正在下雨(it’sraining)或正在下雪(it’ssnowing)。Butwhenweseesunshine,wecan’tsay“it’ssunshining”.但当我们看到阳光(sunshine)时，我们不能说“正在下阳光”(it’ssunshining)。Eventhesmallestofwordscanbeconfusing.即使是最短小的单词都让人困惑。Whenyouseethecapitalized

“WHO”inamedical

report,当你在医学报告中看到大写的WHO时，doyoureaditasthe“who”in“Who’sthat?”你会把它读为Who’sthat?中的who吗？Whatabout“IT”and“US”？那么“IT”和“US”又该怎么读呢？Youalsohavetowonderattheunique

madnessofalanguage你也会对英语这门语言独有的疯狂感到惊奇inwhichahousecanburnupasitburnsdown,房子烧成灰烬时，可以说burnup(字面意思是“烧上去”)，也可以说burndown(字面意思是“烧下去”)；inwhichyoufillinaformbyfillingitout,填表时，你可以说fillinaform(字面意思是“填入表里”)，也可以说filloutaform(字面意思是“填到表外”)；andinwhichanalarmisonlyheardonceitgoesoff!而且只有闹钟走了(gooff字面意思是“离开”)以后你才能听到铃声！Englishwasinventedbypeople,notcomputers,英语是人创造发明的，不是计算机，anditreflectsthecreativityofthehumanrace.它反映了人类的创造力。Thatiswhywhenthestarsareout,theyarevisible,这就是为什么starsareout(星星出现了)时，我们能看到星星，butwhenthelightsareout,theyareinvisible.而当lightsareout(灯光熄灭)时，我们却看不到灯光。AndthatiswhywhenIwindupmywatch,itstarts,这也是当我windupmywatch(给手表上紧发条)以后表针开始走，butwhenIwindupthispassage,itends.而我windupthispassage(将本文收尾)后这篇文章结束的原因。Activity2ReadthepassageandcheckyouranswerstoActivity1.

Whatisthepassageabout?Choosetheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage.1TotellusthatEnglishisverydifficulttolearn.2TogiveadviceonhowtolearnEnglish.3ToshowthatEnglishisinterestingandcreative.4ToexplainhowEnglishwascreated.Skimming

A.Whyis

Englishhardtolearn?

B.Englishalanguagereflectsthecreativityofthehumanrace.

C.ConfusioninEnglish

learning.

D.ThetroublewehaveinEnglishlearning.1.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.introduceEnglishisinterestingandcreative.

B.tellusEnglishisdifficulttolearn.

C.directourattentiontothewordformation.

D.leadtothetopicofdiscussion.2.Thefirstparagraphisintendedto_______.A.statingarguments.B.makingcomparisons.C.givingexamples.D.providingresearchresults.3.Theauthordevelopsthetextby_____.Part1Part2Part3Para.1Para.2-6Para.7Englishisacrazylanguagetolearn.Examplesofsomepairsofwordsorphrasesthatareconfusinginmeaning，usageorpronunciation.ThereasonwhyEnglishissocomplex(复杂).What’stheStructureoftheText?CarefulReadingHaveyoueveraskedyourselfwhypeopleoftenhavetroublelearningEnglish?

现在完成时why引导的宾语从句，作asked的直接宾语。havetrouble/difficulty（in）doing做某事有困难Ihadn’t,untilonedaymyfive-year-oldsonaskedmewhethertherewashaminahamburger.Thereisn’t.whether（是否）引导的宾语从句，作asked的直接宾语。Thismademerealizethatthere’snoeggineggplanteither.makesb.do(宾补)使某人做某事宾语从句either也，用于否定句Neither

istherepinenorappleinpineapple.

既不也不表示否定的词位于句首引起倒装（never，neither，nor，hardly，rarely，seldom…）ThisgotmethinkinghowEnglishcanbeacrazylanguagetolearn.

让某人做某事=havesb.do/makesb.do/letsb.doForexample,inourfreetimewecansculptasculptureandpaintapainting,butwetakeaphoto.sculptv.雕刻，雕塑sculpturen.雕像，雕刻品，雕塑作品paintv.用颜料画paintingn.绘画；油画Andwhenwearetravelingwesaythatweareinthecarorthetaxi,butonthetrainorbus!Whilewe’redoingallthistraveling,while引导的时间状语从句，当…时，allthis是限定词，travelling是动名词。wecangetseasickatsea,airsickintheairandcarsickinacar,butwedon’tgethomesickwhenwegetbackhome.

seasick晕船的airsick晕机的carsick晕车的homesick想家的以上4个合成词与get连用，分别表示“晕船／晕机／晕车／想家”。Andspeakingofhome,whyaren’thomeworkandhouseworkthesamething?speakingof提起，说到。此处为分词的独立结构，无逻辑主语。If“hard”istheoppositeof“soft”,oppositeadj.相反的；对面的；对立的prep.在······对面n.对立面，反义词whyare“hardly”and“softly”notanopposingpair?

几乎不柔和地

opposingadj.(观点、意见等）相反的，相对立的

opposevt.反对opposedadj.对立的Ifharmlessactionsaretheoppositeofharmfulactions,whyareshamelessandshamefulbehaviorsthesame?behaviorn.举止，行为（＝behaviour)behavev.表现；举止得体Whenwelookoutofthewindowandseerainorsnow,wecansay“it’sraining”or“it’ssnowing”.Butwhenweseesunshine,wecan’tsay“it’ssunshining”.actionn.行为harmfuladj.有害的harmlessadj.无害的，不致伤的shamelessadj.无耻的，不知羞耻的shamefuladj.可耻的，丢脸的Eventhesmallestofwordscanbeconfusing.confusingadj.令人困惑的confusevt.使困惑；（将·····)混淆confusedadj.感到困惑的，糊涂的confusionn.困惑；混淆Whenyouseethecapitalized“WHO”inamedical

report,

adj.大写的adj.医学的n.报告doyoureaditasthe“who”in“Who’sthat?”

Whatabout“IT”and“US”？Youalsohavetowonderattheuniquemadnessofalanguageuniqueadj.独－无二的，独特的beuniqueto…对…来说是独特的inwhichahousecanburnupasitburnsdown,inwhichyoufillinaformbyfillingitout,andinwhichanalarmisonlyheardonceitgoesoff!burnup燃尽burndown烧毁；fillin=fillout填写；alarmn.警报器；闹钟vt.使惊恐；使害怕；使担心alarmingadj.惊人的；使人惊恐的gooff(警报器等)突然巨响Englishwasinventedbypeople,notcomputers,

被动语态

inventv.发明

n.inventionanditreflectsthecreativityofthehumanrace.Thatiswhywhenthestarsareout,theyarevisible,

表语从句visibleadj.看得见的，可见的in-(不，无，非）＋visible→invisi-bleadj.看不见的butwhenthelightsareout,theyareinvisible.AndthatiswhywhenIwindupmywatch,itstarts,butwhenIwindupthispassage,itends.windup给（机械）上发条；使（活动、会议等）结束reflectv.显示，反映；映出（影像）；反射；认真思考reflectionn.反映；映像；反射；深思creativityn.创造性，创造力createvt.创造；创作creativeadj.有创造力的；创造（性）的humanrace人类

A.HistroubleinlearningEnglish.

B.Hisson’squestion.

C.Thehaminahamburger.

D.Theappleinpineapple.1.WhatmadetheauthorthinkEnglishisacrazylanguage.A.TherearetoomanyEnglishwordstomemorize.B.Englishgrammarishardtounderstand.C.SomeoftheEnglishexpressionsmakelearnersconfused.D.Thereisneitherpinenorappleinpineapple.2.WhatmakesEnglishacrazylanguagetolearnaccordingtoparagraph1?Completethenoteswithwordsfromthepassage.(Activity4onpage16)Inordertosupporthisidea,theauthorusesmanyexamplesthatshowthe1_______madnessofEnglish.

noeggineggplantnohamin2____________

neitherpinenorapplein3_____________

unique

hamburger

pineapple

sculptasculpture

painta(n)4________

BUTtakeaphoto

paintingseasicksickatsea5________sickintheair6________sickinacarBUT7__________sickathome

airsick

carsick

homesickcarsick

seasick

airsick

carsickness

seasickness

airsickness

homesick

homesicknessAcertainnumberofpeopletendtobe____________whiletravellinginacarand_______________whileatsea.Tomakemattersworse,someevenget__________onaplane.Thereforeitisadvisedthattheyhadbettertakesomepillsfor_______________,______________,_______________whiletravelling.However,itisfunnythatyouget____________whenyouareawayfromhomeforacertainperiodoftime,and______________isalwayswithyou,particularlyduringthetimeofsomeChinesetraditionalfestivals.“Hard”istheoppositeof“soft”“Hardly”and“softlyarenota(n)8____________pair“Harmless”istheoppositeof“harmful”.Shamefulandshameless9___________arethesame.

burnupburndownfillinaform10___________aformStarsareout.Theyarevisible.Lightsareout.Theyare11______________.opposingbehaviorsfilloutinvisibleIwindupmywatch.Itstarts.IwindupthepassageIt12______ThereasonisthatEnglishwasinventedbypeople,andit13___________thecreativityofthehumanrace.

ends

reflectsPost-Reading

A.TotellusthatEnglishisverydifficulttolearn.

B.TogiveadviceonhowtolearnEnglish.

C.ToshowthatEnglishisinterestingandcreative.

D.ToexplainhowEnglishwascreated.1.Choosetheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage.2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Weusuallygethomesickwhenweleavehome.B.Thereisnodifferencebetweenhouseworkandhomework.C.Shamefulbehaviorsaretheoppositeofshameless

behaviors.D.Wordswithsuffix“-ful”aretheoppositeofthosewith

suffix“-less”.3.Whatdoweknowaboutthecapitalizedsmallwords?

A.Theyhavebigandsignificantmeanings.

B.Theysharethesamemeaningwiththelowercasewords.

C.Theyhavetheoppositemeaningofthelowercasewords.

D.Theyhavetheirspecificmeaningsbecausetheyareabbreviationsofotherwords.A.Itwasinventedbypeoplesothereisnoprincipletofollow.B.Itisthemostcreativelanguagethatreflectspeople'swisdom.C.Itwasinventedbypeopleandreflectsthecreativityofthehumanrace.D.Itcanbeaconfusinglanguage.4.What'sthewriter'sattitudetowardsEnglish?A.Whenwearetravellingwesaythatweareinthecarorthetaxi,butonthetrainorbus!B.Whenwelookoutofthewindowandseerainorsnow,wecansay“it'sraining”or“it'ssnowing”.C.Whenweseesunshine,wecansay“it'ssunshining”.D.Whenyouseethecapitalized“WHO”inamedicalreport,youcan'treaditasthe“who”in“Who'sthat?”.5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?【阅读思维升华】1.WhydopeopleoftenhavetroublelearningEnglish?(CriticalThinking批判性思维)_______________________________________________________________________________________________________2.Whyareshamelessandshamefulbehaviorsarethesame?(CriticalThinking批判性思维)____________________________________________________3.Whilecomingacrosstheconfusingwordsandphrases,whatdoyouoftendo?(CreativeThinking创造性思维)__________________________________________________Becausemanywordshavepuzzlingmeanings,(whichmakes/it/acrazylanguagetolearn)Becauseshamelessandshamefulhavethesamemeaning.Byreferringtoadictionaryand

askingmyEnglishteacher.课文语法填空：

Ihadn'tthoughtwhypeoplehadtrouble_________(learn)Englishuntilonedaymysonaskedmewhethertherewashaminahamburger.Thisalsomademerealizethat_________pinenorappleisinpineapple.What_______(make)Englishacrazylanguagetolearn?Forexample,whilewe'retravelling,wecangetseasickatsea,airsickintheairandcarsickin____car,butwedon'tgethomesickwhenwegetbackhome.Ifharmless_______(action)aretheoppositeofharmfulactions,whyare_________(shame)andshamefulbehaviorsthesame?Wecansay“it'sraining”or“it'ssnowing”,butwecan'tsay“it'ssunshing”.Eventhe__________(small)wordscanbeconfusing,suchasthe“WHO”inamedicalreport,“IT”and“US”,whichhavenothingtodowith“who”“it”and“us”.YoualsohavetowonderattheuniquemadnessofEnglishin______ahousecanburnupasitburnsdown.ThekeytoyourconfusionisthatEnglishwas_________(invent)bypeople,notcomputers,andit___________(reflect)thecreativityofthehumanrace.learningneithermadeaactionsshamelesssmallestwhichinventedreflectsHowdidpineapples,hamburgersandeggplantsgettheirnames?Theword“pineapple”developedfromtheSpanishword“pina”,whichmeanspineconewhenitcametoEngland,“apple”wasaddedtoshowitisakindoffruit.Theoriginof“hamburger”wasahardbeefsteakcalled“Hamburgsteak”,eatenwithoutbread.Later,peopl