江西省九江市高三下学期第三次模拟考试英语试题

九江市2023年第三次高考模拟统一考试英语本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分；满分150分，考试时间120分钟。第I卷（选择题，共100分）考生注意：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的学号、姓名等项内容填写在答题卡上。2.第I卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。第II卷用黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上书写作答，在试题卷上作答，答案无效。3.考试结束，监考员将试题卷、答题卡一并收回。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一个小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inaclassroom.B.Inabookstore.C.Inalibrary.2.Howwillthemangototherailwaystation?A.Bybus.B.Onfoot.C.Bysubway.3.Whycan'tthemangoforawalknow?A.Hehasmuchworktodo.B.Heisfeelingsick.C.Heistootired.4.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutthemovie?A.Quiteinterested.B.Terriblydissatisfied.C.Somewhatbored.5.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Putabellonthecat.B.Keepthecatathome.C.Keepthebirdsinthecage.第二节（共15个小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whatdidthewomanbuyforherhusband?A.Ahat.B.Atie.C.Ashirt.7.Whydoesthemanrefusetochangetheitemforthewoman?AIthasbeenworn.B.Sheisveryrude.C.Sheboughtittoolongago.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whatshouldthewoman'sauntavoideating?A.Tofu.B.Chicken.C.Pork.9.Whatdoesthemansayaboutfish?A.Heisallergictoit.B.Hequitelikestoeatit.C.Hedislikesitssmell.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Howmuchyoungeristheoldwomanthanherhusband?A.Oneyear.B.Twoyears.C.Fouryears.11.Whattitlewas,giventotheman'sgrandparents?A.ThehighestpeopleintheUS.B.TheoldestpeopleintheUS.C.ThelongestlivingmarriedcoupleintheUS.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhatdoesthewomanfinddifficultinstudyingSpanish?A.Readingandwriting.B.Listeningandspeaking.C.Listeningandwriting.14.HowdoesthewomanlearnSpanish?A.Byusingsometapes.B.Bytakingamorningclass.C.Bywatchingsomeprograms.15.Whatistheman'ssuggestion?A.TakemorerelevantclassesB.LearnmoreSpanishvocabulary.C.PracticespeakingSpanishmore.16.Howdoesthewomansoundintheend?A.Anxious.B.Relieved.C.Disappointed.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whoisthespeaker?A.Anewsreporter.B.Adisabledathlete.C.Aclubmanager.18.Whenwasthefirstsportsclubforthedeafsetup?A.In1860.B.In1976.C.In1888.19.WheredidthefirstWinterParalympicGamestakeplace?A.InItaly.B.InSweden.C.IntheUK.20.WhatdoweknowabouttheInternationalParalympicmittee?A.Ithasexistedover100years.B.ItwasestablishedinGermany.C.Itisaprofitmakingorganization.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ANottoohot,nottoocold.SpringistheperfecttimetovisitEuropeforidealweather.ThebestEuropeancountriestovisitinthespringinclude:France,Netherlands,Slovakia,Romaniaandsoon.FranceAsoneofthemosttouristpackedcountriesinEurope,Franceofferslessercrowdsandmoreexcellentweatherduringthespringmonths.JustoutsideofParisaretheimpressivecastlesandcountryhousesofSccaux,whurethecherryblossomcaneasilybeseeninspring.NetherlandsTheNetherlandsiswellknownforitsvastfieldsofflowers,makingspringaperfecttimeforaDutchholiday.ThetulipfieldsintheNoordoostpolderareamust.InVeluweNationalPark,touristswillberewardedwiththesightofreddeereatinggrass.A'triptotheNetherlandswould,ofcourse,beinpletewithoutavisittoAmsterdam.SlovakiaSlovakiaisawonderfullydiversecountrywithrichculturalhistoryandaweinspiringnaturalsites.SlovakParadiseisanaturalparkthatoffers19naturereservesandover350caves.Duetoitshotsummersandcoldwinters,springisaperfecttimetoexploreallthatSlovakiahastooffer.RomaniaRomaniahostsavarietyofgreatculturalsitesandlivelycities,especiallyattractiveduringspringmonths.TheStatueofKingDecebalus,a141foothighupperpartofDecebaluscarvedintothesideofarock,isawonderfulattraction.BraovOldTownisoneof'Europe'smostcharmingdestinationsforthoselookingtoescapethecapitalcityofBucharest.1.WhatcantouristsenjoyinbothFranceandNetherlands?A.Flowers. B.Rocks. C.Castles. D.Deer.2.Whichisthebestchoiceforcavelovers?A.France. B.Netherlands. C.Slovakia. D.Romania.3Inwhichsectionofanewspapercanyoufindthispassage?A.History. B.Education. C.Geography. D.Travel.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。春天是游览欧洲的最佳时节，因为那里有理想的天气。文章推荐了几个春天最适合去的欧洲国家。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“JustoutsideofParisaretheimpressivecastlesandcountryhousesofSccaux,whurethecherryblossomcaneasilybeseeninspring.(巴黎郊外有令人印象深刻的城堡和斯考克斯的乡村别墅，春天在那里可以很容易地看到樱花。)”和第三段第一句“TheNetherlandsiswellknownforitsvastfieldsofflowers,makingspringaperfecttimeforaDutchholiday.(荷兰以其广阔的鲜花田野而闻名，这使得春天成为荷兰度假的最佳时间。)”可知，游客在法国和荷兰都能享受到花。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“SlovakParadiseisanaturalparkthatoffers19naturereservesandover350caves.(斯洛伐克天堂是一个自然公园，拥有19个自然保护区和350多个洞穴。)”可知，斯洛伐克是洞穴爱好者的最佳选择。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“ThebestEuropeancountriestovisitinthespringinclude:France,Netherlands,Slovakia,Romaniaandsoon.(春天最适合去的欧洲国家有：法国、荷兰、斯洛伐克、罗马尼亚等等。)”可知，这是一篇关于旅游的文章。故选D。BZheng,22,wasborninTaiwan.But,becauseherparentsarefromdifferentsidesoftheTaiwanStraits—hermotherisfromFujianprovince,whileherfatherisfromJiayi,Taiwan—shehasfelttheconnectionbetweentheislandandtheChinesemainlandfromaveryyoungage.CurrentlystudyingatHunanUniversity,ZhenghastakenpartinvariouscrossStraitsexchangesbutshe’salwayswantedtodosomethingfoodrelated,sinceit’snotonlyherpersonalpassion,butalso,shebelieves,apassionsharedbypeopleacrosstheTaiwanStraits.So,duringthispastSpringFestival,ZhengsetupastandonthestreetsofTaiwan’sBeigangtosellrenaibao(hotricecream),atrendykindof“icecreamcone”thatoriginatedinHenanprovince.Initiallyworryingthatpeoplewouldhesitatetotrysomethingtheywerenotfamiliarwith,Zhengwasquicklyoverwhelmedbytheenthusiasmofthecrowd.Thesaleseasilywentbeyondherexpectations—shesoldmorethan200renaibaoonherfirstday.“Itwasnotjustabusiness,”saysZheng.“IwasdeeplyaffectedbytheenthusiasmofeveryoneImet.”Thisenthusiasm,Zhengbelieves,isthankstoonlinevideoplatformslikeTikTok,XiaohongshuandBilibili.Accordingtoher,sheandherhighschoolfriendsusedtowatchonlinecookingvideostogetherof,forexample,theTianjinstylejianbingguozi—knownasChinesecrepes.TheyweresoaddictedtoitthatZhengcanstillremembertheprocess,stepbystep,indetail.Amonghercustomerswerealsothosewholearnedaboutthesnackshewassellingfromjustsuchavideo.Zhengisplanningtobringhomemoretrendyfoodsfromthemainland,sothatmorepeoplecanexperiencetheirwonderfulflavor.ShewouldalsoloveitifherfriendsinTaiwancanjoinherforanexchangeofknowledgeandtravelinthemainland.4.WhatmadeZhengsetupastreetstand?A.Herpreferenceforthefoodbusiness.B.Herparents’longlastinginfluence.C.OnecrossStraitsexchangeprogram.D.ThegreatvalueChineseattachtofood.5.HowdidZhengmainlyfeelonherfirstsellingday?A.Proud. B.Concerned. C.Surprised. D.Curious.6.Whywerethecustomerssoenthusiasticaboutrenaibao?A.Theyhadevertasteditsomewhere,before.B.Theylikedthisnewflavorinparticular.C.Theywantedtodosomethingfoodrelated.D.Theyhadknownitonsomevideoplatforms.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“They”inparagraph6referto？AVideoplatforms. B.Chinesecrepes.C.Zhengandherfriends. D.Onlinecookingvideos.【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。22岁的郑出生于台湾。但是，因为她的父母来自海峡两岸——她的母亲来自福建省，而她的父亲来自台湾嘉义——她从很小的时候就感受到了台湾岛和中国大陆之间的联系。出于对食品行业的偏爱和对大陆饮食的热爱，郑在街边摆摊卖起了热奶宝，感受到了顾客的热情。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“CurrentlystudyingatHunanUniversity,ZhenghastakenpartinvariouscrossStraitsexchangesbutshe’salwayswantedtodosomethingfoodrelated,sinceit’snotonlyherpersonalpassion,butalso,shebelieves,apassionsharedbypeopleacrosstheTaiwanStraits.(郑目前就读于湖南大学，参加了各种两岸交流活动，但她一直想做一些与食物有关的事情，因为这不仅是她个人的爱好，而且她相信这也是海峡两岸人民的共同爱好。)”可知，对食品行业的偏爱让郑在街头摆摊。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Thesaleseasilywentbeyondherexpectations—shesoldmorethan200renaibaoonherfirstday.(销售额轻松超出了她的预期——她在第一天就卖出了200多个热奶宝。)”可知，第一天销售时，郑的主要感受是惊讶。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段第一句“Thisenthusiasm,Zhengbelieves,isthankstoonlinevideoplatformslikeTikTok,XiaohongshuandBilibili.(郑认为，这种热情要归功于抖音、小红书和哔哩哔哩等在线视频平台。)”可知，顾客对热奶宝如此热情是因为他们在一些视频平台上已经知道了。故选D。【7题详解】词句猜测题。根据第六段第二句“Accordingtoher,sheandherhighschoolfriendsusedtowatchonlinecookingvideostogetherof,forexample,theTianjinstylejianbingguozi—knownasChinesecrepes.(据她说，她和她的高中朋友过去常常在网上一起看烹饪视频，比如天津风味的煎饼锅子——也就是中国的可丽饼。)”可知，第6段中划线的“They”指的是郑和她的朋友们。故选C。CFungi(菌类)oftenappearnaturallyaroundtrees,butanewstudyhasfoundthatgrowingediblemushrooms(typesthatcanbesafelyeaten)inforestsonpurposecouldbeagoodwaytoprovidehealthyfoodformillionsofpeopleandhelptheenvironmenttoo.Fungiarelivingthingsthatfeedonorganicmatter,suchasdeadplants.Mushrooms,mouldandyeastarealltypesoffungi.PaulThomasandAlistairJump,fromtheUniversityofStirlinginScotland,spenttwoyearsstudyingediblefungithatgrowalongsidetrees.Thepairdiscoveredthatwhiletheyaregrowing,fungiremovecarbondioxidefromtheairandstoreitinthesoil.Thisisgoodfortheplanet,becausetoomuchcarbondioxideintheatmosphereisoneofthemaincausesofclimatechange.Thomaspointsoutthatforestsaroundtheworldareoftencutdowntocreatefieldsforproducingfood,suchasbeeforwheat.Treestakeincarbondioxideastheygrow,sochoppingthemdownmakesclimatechangeworse.However,ediblefungithriveintheshadeoftrees.Thatmeansiffungiwasbeinggrownasafoodcrop,therewouldbenoneedtochopdownforests.Infact,iffungibecameverypopular,moretreescouldactuallybeplanted.Ediblefungicontainlotsofsubstancesthataregoodforhumans.Thomas’sideaisthatotheringredients,suchasmeat,couldbeswappedforfungiinpeople’sdiets.Heestimatesthatgrowingfungiaroundtreescouldfeedupto19millionpeopleeachyear.BluemilkcapsareaspeciesofediblefungithatThomassayscouldworkparticularlywell.Theycanbegrownonandaroundtrees,exchangingusefulmineralsandnutrientsinreturnforcarbon.Theyarealsoverynutritious,andsomestudieshavesuggestedthattheycanhelptotreatcancer.8.Howdofungihelptheenvironment?A.Theyreleaseoxygenintotheatmosphere.B.Theypreventsoilfrombeingwashedaway.C.Theyprovideshadeforotherplantsandanimals.D.Theyabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheatmosphere.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“thrive”inparagraph4mean?A.Struggle. B.Boom. C.Weaken. D.Shrink.10.Whatcouldbethefutureofediblefungilike?A.Disappointing. B.Promising. C.Controversial. D.Doubtful.11.Whatcanbeabesttitleforthetext?A.TheNutritionalBenefitsofEdibleFungiB.Fungi:ASustainableSolutiontoOrganicFoodC.TheRoleofFungiinFightingClimateChangeD.HowFungiCouldFeedandBenefittheWorld【答案】8.D9.B10.B11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍真菌在为人类提供健康食物和保护环境方面的好处。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Thepairdiscoveredthatwhiletheyaregrowing,fungiremovecarbondioxidefromtheairandstoreitinthesoil.(两人发现，真菌在生长过程中，会从空气中去除二氧化碳，并将其储存在土壤中)”可知，真菌是通过从大气中吸收二氧化碳来帮助环境的。故选D。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段第四句“Thatmeansiffungiwasbeinggrownasafoodcrop,therewouldbenoneedtochopdownforests.(这意味着如果真菌作为粮食作物种植，就没有必要砍伐森林)”可知，此处是指食用菌在树荫下会茁壮成长。由此可知，划线词thrive意为“茁壮成长”。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒第二段最后四句“Infact,iffungibecameverypopular,moretreescouldactuallybeplanted.Ediblefungicontainlotsofsubstancesthataregoodforhumans.Thomas’sideaisthatotheringredients,suchasmeat,couldbeswappedforfungiinpeople’sdiets.Heestimatesthatgrowingfungiaroundtreescouldfeedupto19millionpeopleeachyear.(事实上，如果真菌变得非常流行，就可以种植更多的树。食用菌含有许多对人体有益的物质。托马斯的想法是，在人们的饮食中，可以把其他成分，如肉类，换成真菌。他估计，树木周围种植的真菌每年可以养活多达1900万人)”和最后一段“BluemilkcapsareaspeciesofediblefungithatThomassayscouldworkparticularlywell.Theycanbegrownonandaroundtrees,exchangingusefulmineralsandnutrientsinreturnforcarbon.Theyarealsoverynutritious,andsomestudieshavesuggestedthattheycanhelptotreatcancer.(托马斯说，蓝牛奶帽是一种食用菌，效果特别好。它们可以生长在树上和周围，交换有用的矿物质和营养物质以换取碳。它们也很有营养，一些研究表明它们可以帮助治疗癌症)”可推知，食用菌的未来很有前景。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Fungi(菌类)oftenappearnaturallyaroundtees,butanewstudyhasfoundthatgrowingediblemushrooms(typesthatcanbesafelyeaten)inforestsonpurposecouldbeagoodwaytoprovidehealthyfoodformillionsofpeopleandhelptheenvironmenttoo.(真菌通常自然地出现在树木周围，但一项新的研究发现，在森林中种植可食用蘑菇（可以安全食用的类型）可能是一种为数百万人提供健康食物的好方法，也有助于保护环境)”可知，文章主要介绍真菌在为人类提供健康食物和保护环境方面的好处。由此可知，HowFungiCouldFeedandBenefittheWorld(真菌如何养活和造福世界)适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。DYoucanmisremembersomethingjustsecondsafterithappened,reframingeventsinyourmindtobetterfitwithyourownpreconceptions(预想).MarteOttenattheUniversityofAmsterdamintheNetherlandsandhercolleagueswantedtofigureouttherelationshipbetweenpreviousexpectationsandshorttermmemories.Theteamconductedseveralexperimentsonmorethan400peoplethatinvolvedshowingtheparticipantsrandomlettersarrangedinacircleonaputerscreen.Inthesimplestformofthisexperiment,theparticipantswereshownthelettersforaquarterofasecondbeforethescreenwentblank.Afteragapof3seconds,aboxappearedwhereoneofthelettershadbeenforhalfasecond,followedbyadifferentcircleoflettersforhalfasecond.Theparticipantswereaskedtorecallwhichletterfromtheoriginalcirclehadbeeninthepositionheldbytheboxonthescreen.Crucially,someoftheletterswereflashed,whichOttencalls“fakeletters”.Theparticipantswereclearlywarnednottomistakethemforrealones.Thistestwasrepeated.Afterrecallingtheletters,theparticipantswereaskedtoratetheirconfidenceineachanswer.Theteamfocuseditsanalysisonthemostconfidentparticipants,inordertoremoverandomguesses.Theresearchersfoundthat,whenaskedtorecallthepositionofafakeletter,theconfidentparticipantsincorrectlygavetheanswerasitsrealletter39percentofthetime,despitetheirhighconfidenceintheanswer.“Peopleseemtobesensitivetothismemoryillusion(错觉)wheretheyalreadyhaveapresetconceptofwhattheworldshouldlooklike.Thiseffectappearstobeduetoafeatureofourneuralsystemthatreliesongeneratingpredictionsabouttheworld.Weexpecttoseenormalletterswhenreading.Thesepredictionsarenormallyquitehelpfulandefficientinnormallifeandthisisnotsomethingwehavecontrolover,”saysOtten.Severalstudieshavepreviouslyshownthatlongtermmemoryisunreliableandaffectedbypreviousexpectations.Thisnewstudyrevealsthatthesameistrueforshorttermmemories.12.Whatdidtheparticipantsseeontheputerduringtheexperiment?A.Randomlettershiddeninabox. B.Randomletterslinedinacircle.C.Randomboxesarrangedinacircle. D.Randomcirclesshowedinabox.13.Whatisthemainpurposeofparagraph3?A.Tointroducethetopicofthepassage. B.Tounfoldtheprocessoftheexperiment.C.Topresenttheresultoftheexperiment. D.Toshowthebackgroundoftheresearch.14.Howdidtheresearchersensuretheaccuracyoftheresults?A.Byfocusingontheleastconfidentparticipants.B.Byshowingparticipants’lettersafter3seconds.C.Bychangingletters’positionsfromadifferentcircle.D.Byanalyzingparticipants’confidenceineachanswer.15.Whatcanweknowfromthenewstudy?A.Shorttermmemoriescanbeaffectedbypreconceptions.B.Longtermmemoriesareunreliableandeasilyaffected.C.Memoryillusionreliesonpredictionsabouttheworld.D.Ourpredictionsabouttheworldcanbecontrolled.【答案】12.B13.B14.D15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于预期和短期记忆之间的关系的研究，解释了研究开展的过程以及发现。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theteamconductedseveralexperimentsonmorethan400peoplethatinvolvedshowingtheparticipantsrandomlettersarrangedinacircleonaputerscreen.(该团队对400多人进行了几次实验，其中包括在电脑屏幕上向参与者展示随机排列成圆圈的字母)”可知，在实验中，参与者在电脑上看到了随机字母排成一个圆圈。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Inthesimplestformofthisexperiment,theparticipantswereshownthelettersforaquarterofasecondbeforethescreenwentblank.Afteragapof3seconds,aboxappearedwhereoneofthelettershadbeenforhalfasecond,followedbyadifferentcircleoflettersforhalfasecond.Theparticipantswereaskedtorecallwhichletterfromtheoriginalcirclehadbeeninthepositionheldbytheboxonthescreen.Crucially,someoftheletterswereflashed,whichOttencalls“fakeletters”.Theparticipantswereclearlywarnednottomistakethemforrealones.Thistestwasrepeated.(在这个实验的最简单形式中，参与者在屏幕空白之前被展示了四分之一秒的字母。间隔3秒后，其中一个字母出现了半秒的位置出现了一个方框，接着出现了另一个字母的圆圈，这个圆圈出现了半秒。参与者被要求回忆原来圆圈里的哪个字母出现在屏幕上盒子的位置上。至关重要的是，其中一些字母是闪过的，奥顿称之为“假字母”。参与者被明确警告不要把它们误认为是真的。重复了这个测试)”可推知，第三段的主要目的是展开实验的过程。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Afterrecallingtheletters,theparticipantswereaskedtoratetheirconfidenceineachanswer.Theteamfocuseditsanalysisonthemostconfidentparticipants,inordertoremoverandomguesses.Theresearchersfoundthat,whenaskedtorecallthepositionofafakeletter,theconfidentparticipantsincorrectlygavetheanswerasitsrealletter39percentofthetime,despitetheirhighconfidenceintheanswer.(在回忆完这些信件后，参与者被要求对每个答案的信心进行评分。为了消除随机猜测，研究小组将分析重点放在了最自信的参与者身上。研究人员发现，当被要求回忆假字母的位置时，尽管自信的参与者对答案非常自信，但在39%的情况下，他们错误地把答案当成了真字母)”可知，研究人员通过分析参与者对每个答案的信心确保结果的准确性。故选D。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Severalstudieshavepreviouslyshownthatlongtermmemoryisunreliableandaffectedbypreviousexpectations.Thisnewstudyrevealsthatthesameistrueforshorttermmemories.(之前有几项研究表明，长期记忆是不可靠的，而且会受到先前预期的影响。这项新研究表明，短期记忆也是如此)”可知，短期记忆会受到先入之见的影响。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Arecentstudyfoundthatonlyeightpercentofpeopleactuallyendupachievingtheirnewyear’sresolution.Here’sacoupleoftipsandtricksonhowtodojustthat.____16____.Noonehaseversaid“oh,I’mgoingtobehealthierthisyear”andthenextdaywokeuphealthy.Therehastobeaplan,goals,andactionthatneedtobetaken.Soyoucansaysomethinglike“I’mgoingtogotothegymeveryotherdaythisyear.”Chooseresolutionswisely.____17____.Themajorityofresolutionsinvolvesomesortofhabitchange,andhabitchangeshaveahugeconsumptiononyourbody’swillpower.Willpowerislikeabatterythatneedstobechargedeverynight.Whenyouhavetoomanyresolutions,theburdenonthisbatterycausesittorunoutbeforeyouhaveachancetochargeit.Writeyourresolutionsdown.Thismakestheresolutionfeellikeacontract.____18____.Youcanwritedowneveryresolutionfortheentireyear.Everytimeyoulookatit,youwillfeelatremendousamountofpressuretomakesurethatyoucontinuetokeepyourresolution.Don’ttellanyoneaboutyournewyear’sresolution.Usually,whenyoutalkaboutsomethingthatyouhaven’tacplished,youwilltricktheirbrainsintovisualizingasituationwhereyouhaveacplishedit.____19____Findyourselfanaccountabilitybuddy.Anaccountabilitybuddyissomebodywhomakessurethatyou’regoingoutthereeverysingleday,anddoingthethingsthatyoupromisedyourselfthatyouwoulddo.____20____.Atthesametime,youhelpthemkeepthemselvesinlinestoo!A.HaveaplanB.KeephealthyC.Don’tchoosetoomanyresolutionsD.ItcreatespressureforyoutopleteitE.It’sinterestinghowphysicalacontractcanfeelF.It’ssomebodywhohelpsyoukeepyourselfinlineG.Thiscausesyoutolosetonsofmotivationthatyouhadbeforehand【答案】16.A17.C18.D19.G20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了实现新年决心的建议和技巧。【16题详解】设空句是段首小标题，根据上文“Noonehaseversaid‘oh,I’mgoingtobehealthierthisyear’andthenextdaywokeuphealthy.Therehastobeaplan,goals,andactionthatneedtobetaken.Soyoucansaysomethinglike‘I’mgoingtogotothegymeveryotherdaythisyear.’(从来没有人说过：“哦，我今年要更健康”，第二天醒来就健康了。必须有一个计划、目标和需要采取行动。所以你可以这样说：“今年我打算每隔一天去一次健身房。”)”可知，本段主要讲要制定计划，A项“Haveaplan(有一个计划)”是最佳标题。故选A项。【17题详解】小标题“Chooseresolutionswisely.(明智地选择新年决心)”提出要选择新年决心，C项“Don’tchoosetoomanyresolutions(不要选择太多的决心)”承接上文，说明新年决心不能太多，需要挑选，下文“Themajorityofresolutionsinvolvesomesortofhabitchange,andhabitchangeshaveahugeconsumptiononyourbody’swillpower.Willpowerislikeabatterythatneedstobechargedeverynight.Whenyouhavetoomanyresolutions,theburdenonthisbatterycausesittorunoutbeforeyouhaveachancetochargeit.(大多数新年决心都涉及到某种习惯的改变，而习惯的改变会极大地消耗你身体的意志力。意志力就像一块需要每天晚上充电的电池。当你有太多的决心时，电池的负担会导致它在你有机会充电之前就耗尽了)”解释了选择不能太多的原因，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。【18题详解】小标题“Writeyourresolutionsdown.(把你的决心写下来)”提出写下自己的决心，上文“Thismakestheresolutionfeellikeacontract.(这让决议感觉像是一份合同)”和D项“Itcreatespressureforyoutopleteit(它会给你压力去完成它)”一起说明了要写下决心的原因：写下决心像签了一份合同，它会给你压力去完成它。上下文语意连贯。故选D项。【19题详解】上文“Usually,whenyoutalkaboutsomethingthatyouhaven’tacplished,youwilltricktheirbrainsintovisualizingasituationwhereyouhaveacplishedit.(通常，当你谈论你还没有完成的事情时，你会欺骗他们的大脑，让他们想象出你已经完成的场景)”提出谈论还没有完成的事情会让大脑受欺骗，想象出已经完成计划的场景，G项“Thiscausesyoutolosetonsofmotivationthatyouhadbeforehand(这会让你失去很多之前拥有的动力)”承接上文，说明这件事情的后果：失去动力，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。【20题详解】上文“Anaccountabilitybuddyissomebodywhomakessurethatyou’regoingoutthereeverysingleday,anddoingthethingsthatyoupromisedyourselfthatyouwoulddo.(负责任的伙伴是一个能确保你每天都去那里，做你答应自己要做的事情的人)”提出“负责任的伙伴”这一角色，F项“It’ssomebodywhohelpsyoukeepyourselfinline(他是一个能帮你守规矩的人)”承接上文，继续介绍“负责任的伙伴”的作用，说明要找一个“负责任的伙伴”的原因。故选F项。第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意。然后从4160各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该题涂黑。Whyareyoungeragegroupsomuchmorewillingtopostanoffensivemessageonsocialmedia?Whyaren’twechangingthe____21____intheactualcyberbully(网络欺凌)?That’swhenIhada(n)____22____.WhatifIgavethemachanceto____23____whattheyweredoing?Ifanadolescent____24____topostanoffensivemessageonsocialmedia,andifIwent,“Whoa!Holdon.You’reaboutto____25____anoffensivemessagetosomeone.Thatcanreally____26____them.Areyousureyouwanttopostthismessage?”,wouldtheystillbe____27____todoit?Soearlythisyear,usingmyscienceandtechnologyskills,I____28____asoftwaresystem.Andbasically,theywereabletoparewhethera____29____whichcausedadolescentstoconsiderwhattheyweredoingactuallyreducetheir_____30_____topostoffensivemessages.Intheend,Iwasabletoget1,500_____31_____trialsofdata.93%ofthetimewhenadolescents_____32_____acautionthatsays,“Whoa!You’reabouttopostanoffensivemessage”,theyfinally_____33_____theirmind.Iwasableto_____34_____thewillingnesstopostoffensivemessagesfrom71.4%to4.6%.Now,theappRethinkhasbee_____35_____popular.Ialsocurrentlyholdapatentforthis_____36_____idea.Accordingtothedata,Rethinkhas_____37_____that,inthoseseconds,whenyoudecidewhetherornotyou’regoingtohit“post”,the_____38_____ofthesecondsmeanssomuchinthefuture.So,I_____39_____allofyou:rethinkbeforethedamageisdone.Weneedtoslowdown,_____40_____,andconsiderwhatwe’redoing.21.A.value B.attention C.behavior D.interest22.A.idea B.promise C.conclusion D.approach23.A.plainabout B.thinkabout C.focuson D.menton24.A.arranged B.refused C.managed D.attempted25.A.shoot B.distribute C.transform D.explain26.A.sacrifice B.motivate C.hurt D.confuse27A.stubborn B.willing C.ashamed D.warmhearted28.A.acquired B.invested C.approved D.created29.A.threat B.caution C.concern D.restriction30.A.intention B.strength C.desire D.courage31.A.unique B.academic C.plicated D.effective32.A.ignore B.send C.receive D.post33.A.lost B.changed C.kept D.set34.A.challenge B.adjust C.betray D.decrease35.A.wildly B.permanently C.mildly D.accidentally36.A.ridiculous B.shallow C.fantastic D.conflicting37.A.proven B.guaranteed C.assumed D.known38.A.imagination B.flash C.inspiration D.stimulation39.A.believe B.prefer C.respect D.encourage40.A.struggle B.hesitate C.pause D.decline【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.A26.C27.B28.D29.B30.A31.D32.C33.B34.D35.A36.C37.A38.B39.D40.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者为了反对网络欺凌而创建了应用程序Rethink，受到了人们欢迎。作者鼓励所有人：在造成伤害之前重新考虑一下，同时告诉我们要放慢脚步，暂停一下，然后考虑一下我们在做什么。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为什么我们不改变现实中网络暴力的行为呢？A.value价值；B.attention注意力；C.behavior行为；D.interest兴趣。由下文“intheactualcyberbully(网络欺凌)”可知，此处指现实中网络暴力的行为，故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时我有了一个想法。A.idea主意；想法；B.promise承诺；C.conclusion总结；D.approach方法。由下文“WhatifIgavethemachanceto___3___whattheyweredoing?”和下文提到作者创建了Rethink应用程序可知，此处指作者产生了一个想法，故选A。【23题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：如果我给他们一个机会去思考他们在做什么呢？A.plainabout抱怨；B.thinkabout思考；C.focuson集中于；D.menton评价。由下文“considerwhattheyweredoing”可知，此处指思考他们在做什么，故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果一个青少年试图在社交媒体上发布攻击性的信息，而我说，“哇！等一下。你要对某人发出攻击性的信息。那会伤害到他们的。你确定要发布这条信息吗？”，他们还愿意这么做吗？A.arranged安排；B.refused拒绝；C.managed管理；D.attempted尝试。由下文“topostanoffensivemessageonsocialmedia,andifIwent,“Whoa!Holdon.”可知，此处指如果一个青少年试图在社交媒体上发布攻击性的信息，故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果一个青少年试图在社交媒体上发布攻击性的信息，而我说，“哇！等一下。你要对某人发出攻击性的信息。那会伤害到他们的。你确定要发布这条信息吗？”，他们还愿意这么做吗？A.shoot射击；发出；B.distribute分配；C.transform转变；D.explain解释。由下文“anoffensivemessagetosomeone”可知，此处指对某人发出攻击性的信息，故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果一个青少年试图在社交媒体上发布攻击性的信息，而我说，“哇！等一下。你要对某人发出攻击性的信息。那会伤害到他们的。你确定要发布这条信息吗？”，他们还愿意这么做吗？A.sacrifice牺牲；B.motivate刺激；C.hurt伤害；D.confuse使困惑。由上文“anoffensivemessagetosomeone”可知，对某人发出攻击性的信息，会伤害到他们，故选C。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果一个青少年试图在社交媒体上发布攻击性的信息，而我说，“哇！等一下。你要对某人发出攻击性的信息。那会伤害到他们的。你确定要发布这条信息吗？”，他们还愿意这么做吗？A.stubborn顽固的；B.willing乐意的，愿意的；C.ashamed羞愧的；D.warmhearted热心的。由上文“Areyousureyouwanttopostthismessage?”和下文“thewillingnesstopostoffensivemessages”可知，如果一个青少年试图在社交媒体上发布攻击性的信息。你告诉他这会对他人造成伤害，那么他还愿意去这么做吗，故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以今年早些时候，利用我的科学技术技能，我创建了一个软件系统。A.acquired获得；B.invested投资；C.approved允许；D.created制作；创建。由下文“asoftwaresystem”可知，创建了一个软件系统，故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析