2020-2021学年辽宁省锦州市北镇高级中学高三（上）月考英语试卷（11月份）（附答案详解）

2020-2021学年辽宁省锦州市北镇高级中学高三（上）月

考英语试卷（11月份）

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）

A

TheUniversityofAdelaideemploysafull-timestaffoffirepreventionprofessionals.They

inspectallcampusbuildingsandmaintainallsprinklersystems,firealarmsandfire

extinguishers.Theyalsoprovideeducationalprogramsonfiresafetyintheresidence

hall.Wheneveryoumovetoanewarea,youshouldlocatethefirealarmpullstationsandthe

twoexitsnearestyourroom.

FireAlarms

Thefloorsofallcampusbuildingsareequippedwithmanualfirealarmsystemswhichinclude

firealarmpullstationsandpipes.Mostarealsoequippedwithautomaticfirealarmsystems

consistingofheatdetectors,smokedetectorsandsprinklers.Foryoursafety,nevertoywiththese

systems.Falsefirealarmsareillegalandmayleadtoimprisonment.

FireDrills

Afiredrillwillbeconductedinyourresidencehalleverysemester.Duringafiredrill,pleasedo

thefollowing：

•TakeyourroomkeyandID.Closeandlockthedoortoyourroom.

•Exitimmediatelyfromthenearestemergencyexitanddonotusealift.

•Meetoutsideofyourresidencehallandwaitforfiirtherinstructions.

FireExtinguishers

Fireextinguishersarelocatedoneachfloorandineachapartment.Useafireextinguisheronly

ifyouhavebeentrainedtodoso.Irresponsibleuseofafireextinguishercancreateadangerous

situationforotherresidentsandcouldresultindamagetopersonalproperty.Misuseofafire

extinguisherwillresultinfines.

SmokeDetector

Asmokedetectorisontheceilinginyourroom.Somebuildingsalsohaveheatdetectorsonthe

ceilings.Dothefollowingtoensurethesafeoperationofyoursmokedetector：

•Ifyoursmokedetectorisworkingproperly,theredlightshouldbeon.Iftheredlightisnot

blinking,contactresidencehallstaffimmediately.

•Donotcoverorblockyoursmokedetectorinanyway.Ifasmokedetectorsetsoffanalarm

andthereisnofireorsmoke,informyourhallstaff.

1.Whatisthemaindutyofthefirepreventionprofessionals?

A.Toprovidepart-timejobsforstudents.

B.Toleadthestudentstothenearestexits.

C.Tocheckandmaintainfirepreventionequipment.

D.Totrainteacherstobefirepreventionprofessionals.

2.Inafiredrill,thestudentsshould.

A.rushquicklytoalift

B.gatheratthenearestexit

C.shutthedoorandleaveatonce

D.waitforinstructionsinthehall

3.Toensurethesafeoperationofthesmokedetector,oneshould.

A.contactthehallstaffregularly

B.coverthethingsthatburneasily

C.startthesmokedetectorinafire

D.makecertaintheredlightisworking

B

AwhilebackIcaughtanewsreportonsomethingcalled-couchsurfingandthenetworkof

trustingsoulswhomakethisphenomenonpossible.Theyoffertoputuptravelersfreeofcharge

andhelpthemontheirways.Atfirst,itsoundedunbelievable.!mean,invitingstrangersinto

one*shomeforoneortwonights?Givemeabreak.

HoweverJwasinoigued.Idecidedtofinditout.Theonlywaytotrulylearnaboutthis

phenomenonwastodivein.SoIplannedatriptoFinland,acountryFvealwayswantedto

explore.!wouldcouchsurfateverystopthere.

Ifeveranyanxietyexistedwhensteppingintotheunknown,itdisappearedwhenmyfirsthost

metmeatthetrainstation.ArilookedlikemyideaofatypicalFinn：tallandblue-eyed.Finns

werealsosupposedtobefamouslyreserved（寡言少语的）.Ariwasanythingbut.Hewasa

livewire,givingmeawarmwelcomeandwalkingwithmetohisapartment,whereheshowed

methesleepersofa,servedmetea,andengagedmeinwarmconversations.Healsohandedmea

keytocomeandgoasIpleased.

Ifthiswaswhatcouchsurfingwasallabout-trustandfriendship-thenIhadgottenofftoagood

第2页，共23页

start.AsIboardedmynexttraintocontinuemyjourney,!begantothinkaboutthis

couch-surfingidea.Whatencouragedthesepeopletoopentheirhomestostrangers?I

concludedthattherewasadesiretolendahandtolike-mindedfolkswhomightenrichtheir

ownlives.

Sevencitiesin14days.Sevenhosts.Sevennewfriends.Ifcouchsurfingtaughtmeanything,it's

this：Mostpeoplearegoodandgenerous.Wherewillcouchsurfingtakemenext?Whoknows?

ButIcan'twaittofindout.

4.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlinedwordinthesecondparagraph?

A.relaxed.B.bored.C.interested.D.pleased.

5.WhatcanweknowaboutAri?

A.HewasreservedlikemostFinns.

B.Hetalkedlessbuthewasfriendly.

C.Hetreatedtheauthorasafriend.

D.Hesawofftheauthoratthetrainstation.

6.Whydidpeopleoffercouchsurfingtostrangers?

A.Totakeanadventurewithstrangers.

B.Toexchangehousesforashorttime.

C.Tolearnmoreaboutothers'familylives.

D.Toenrichtheirownlivesbyhelpingothers.

7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.TravelonTrustandCouches

B.AFreeTravelinFinland

C.ExperiencesinStrangers1Houses

D.APlanforCouchSurfing

c

Microplasticsaretinybitsofplasticoftentoosmalltobeseen.Plasticdoesn'tdecomposelike

naturalmaterials.Instead,itjustbreaksintosmallerandsmallerpieces.Nooneknowsexactly

howmuchplasticisintheoceans.Sincetheseaissolargeandsodeep,itshardtogetagood

ideaofhowmuchplasticitcontains.Butinrecentyears,scientistshavemadegreatereffortsto

getamoreaccurateidea.

Somestudieshavesuggestedthatsince1950,about17millionmetrictons（公吨）ofplastic

haveenteredtheAtlanticOcean.Scientistsbelievethattheplasticpreviouslyfoundonbeaches

andonthesurfaceofthewaterisonlyabout1%ofalltheplasticintheoceans.Researchers

fromtheUnitedKingdom（UK）wanttofindoutwheretheother99%was.

Fortwomonthsin2016theresearcherstooksamplesat12differentlocationsintheAtlantic

OceanfromtheUKtoSouthAmerica.Theycollectwatersamplesfromthreedifferentdepths

inthetop200meters.Byrunningthewaterthroughspecialfilters（过滤器）,theywereable

tocollectthemicroplastics,whichtheycouldviewandstudywithamicroscope.

Basedontheirmeasurments,theresearcherslearnedthatjustthetop200metersoftheAtlantic

Oceanholdsbetween12and21millionmetrictonsofplastics.ButtheAtlanticOceanisvery

deep,andthescientistsonlycheckedthetop200meters.Theysaythatifmicroplasticsare

spreadthroughtherestoftheAtlanticliketheywereinthetop200meters,thinthereare

probablyabout200millionmetrictonsofmicroplasticsintheAtlanticOcean.

ThoughthescientistsonlystudiedtheAtlanticoceantheresultssuggestthattheremaybefar

moremicroplasticinalloceansthanwerealized.Theproblemsgofarbeyondocean

pollution.Microplasticparticleshavebeenfoundjustineverywherearoundtheworldfrom

Antarcticatothebottomofthesea.

Scientistpredictthattheamountofplasticenteringouroceansislikelytotripletoverthenext

20years.Havingagoodideaofhowmuchplasticisalreadythenmightbeagoodfirststepto

fightingtheproblem.

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"decompose'*inParagraph1mean?

A.turnupB.breakdownC.giveoffD.bringout

9.Whatisthelatestideaabouttheplasticintheseas?

A.Previousdataofplasticconsistsofonlyaverysmallpart.

B.Thereisonly17millionmetrictonofplasticontheearth.

C.Theamountofplasticintheseasisonthedecreaseinrecentyears.

D.Theamountofplasticintheseasisincreasingby1%yearly.

10.Whatistheauthor'sattitudeaccordingtothetext?

A.Pessimistic.B.Confident.C.Objective.D.Conserved.

11.Whatdoestheauthorexpecttotakeplace?

A.Morepollutantswillturnoutinthefuture.

B.Measureswillbetakentodealwithplastic.

第4页，共23页

C.Theoceanswillbecleanedinthefuture.

D.Morepeoplewillbeawareofplasticpollution.

D

Shoulddoctorseverlietobenefittheirpatient-tospeedrecoveryortocoverthecomingof

death?Inmedicineasinlaw,government,andotherlinesofwork,therequirementsofhonesty

oftenseemdwarfed（变矮小）bygreaterneeds：theneedtoprotectfrombrutalnewsorto

upholdapromiseofsecrecy；toadvancethepublicinterest.

Whatshoulddoctorssay,forexample,toa46-year-oldmancominginforaroutinephysical

checkupjustbeforegoingonvacationwithhisfamilywho,thoughhefeelsinperfecthealth,is

foundtohaveaformofcancerthatwillcausehimtodiewithinsixmonths?Isitbesttotell

himthetruth?Ifheasks,shouldthedoctorrejectthatheisill,orminimizefeegravityofthe

illness?Shouldtheyatleasthidethetruthuntilafterthefamilyvacation?

Doctorsfacesuchchoicesoften.Attimes,theyseeimportantreasonstolieforthepatient'sown

sake；intheireyes,suchliesdiffersharplyfromself-servingones.

Studiesshowthatmostdoctorssincerelybelievethattheseriouslyillpatientsdonotwantto

knowthetruthabouttheircondition,andthatinformingthemrisksdestroyingtheirhope,sothat

theymayrecovermoreslowly,ordeteriorate（恶化）faster,perhapsevencommitsuicide（自

杀）.

Butotherstudiesshowthat,contrarytothebeliefofmanyphysicians；agreatmajorityof

patientsdowanttobetoldthetruth,evenaboutseriousillness,andfeelcheatedwhentheylearn

thattheyhavebeenmisled.Wearealsolearningthattruthfulinformation,humanly

conveyed,helpspatientscopewithillness：helpthemtoleratepainbetter,needless

medicine,andevenrecoverfasterafteroperation.

Thereisurgentneedtodebatethisissueopenly.Notonlyinmedicine,butinotherprofessions

aswell,practitionersmayfindthemselvesrepeatedlyindifficultywhereseriousconsequences

seemavoidableonlythroughdeception（欺骗）.Yetthepublichaseveryreasontoknow

professionaldeception,fbrsuchpracticesarepeculiarlylikelytobecomedeeplyrooted,to

spread,andtotrust.Neitherinmedicine,norinlaw,government,orthesocialsciencescanthere

becomfortintheoldsaying,"Whatyoudon'tknowcan'thurtyou.”

12.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Whetherpatientsreallywanttoknowthetruthoftheircondition.

B.Whetherpatientsshouldbetoldthetruthoftheirillness.

C.Whetherdifferentstudiesshouldbecarriedon.

D.Whetherdoctorsarehonestywiththeirpatients.

13.Forthecasementionedinparagraph2,mostdoctorswill.

A.tellthepatientthetruthassoonaspossible

B.choosetolietohimabouthisconditionatthatmoment

C.tellhimtoshortenthefamilyvacation

D.advisehimtocancelthefamilyvacation

14.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?

A.Sometimesgovernmenttellsliesbecausetheyneedtomeetthepublicinterest.

B.Doctorsbelieveiftheylie,thoseseriously-illpatientswillrecovermorequickly.

C.Truthfulinformationhelpspatientsdealwiththeirillnessinsomecases.

D.Manypatientsdon'twanttoknowthetruth,especiallyaboutseriousillness.

15.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthattheauthor'sattitudetoprofessionaldeceptionis

A.supportiveB.indifferentC.opposedD.neutral

二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题，共12.5分)

EverydayHabitsofPeoplewithImpressiveMemoryPeopleblessedwithanimpressive

memorygenerallyadmitthattheyusevariousstrategiestoimprovetheirability.Butevenif

you'renotamemorygenius,therearethingsyoucantry.(1).

Establishroutines

(2).Forexample,alwayshangyourcarkeysonahookorputtheminthesameplacebythe

frontdoor.Byfollowingestablishedroutines,youaredecreasingthechanceofhavingto

struggleinthemorningrush,whichisbelievedtocontributetoforgetfulness.

第6页，共23页

UsePost-itnotes

Keepsomeineveryroomandstickareminderwhereyouaremostlikelytoseeit.Ifyouneedto

remembertophoneafriendlaterintheday,putanoteonthephonesothatyouwillnoticeit

duringtheday.

(3).Embracethistechnology!

Yourcellphonecomeswithabuilt-incalendaryoucansettoremindyouofwhatyouneedto

doduringtheday.Useit!(4).Havingaccesstothemwhereveryougowithasmartphoneonly

makesthemevenmoreeffective.Thereisasayingthatwhatgetsscheduledgetsdone.

(5L

Researchindicatesthatmostpeopleneedsixtoeighthoursofsleep(that'satleasttwocycles

ofdeepsleep)pernight,fortheirbraintogothroughthechemicalchangesneededforlong-term

memory.Agoodsleepcanmakeallthedifferenceinyourbrainpowerandthereforegivesyou

asharpenedmind.

A.Sleeponit.

B.Sharpenthemind.

C.To-dolistsarealsokeystolivinganorganizedlife.

D.Thissimpleactivitycanboostmemoryby20percent.

E.Thesecommon-sensestrategiescanhelpyouforgetlessoften.

F.Itreallyiseasiertofindthingsifyoualwaysputtheminthesame.

G.Ifnot,writeitdownandputitwhereyoucanseeit.soyoudon'tforgetaboutit.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）

Morepeoplearetravellingthaneverbefore,andlowerharrierstoentryandfallingcostsmeans

theyaredoingsofor(21)periods.

Theriseofucitybreaks11-48-hourburstsofforeigncultures,easieronthepocketandannual

leavebalancehasincreasedtouristnumbers,butnottheir(22)spread.Thesameattractionshave

beenusedtomarketcitiessuchasParis,BarcelonaandVenicefordecades,andvisitorsusethe

sameinfrastructureasresidentstoreachthem."Toomanypeopledothesamethingattheexact

sametime,"saysFont.MFor(23),thecitynolongerbelongstothem.”

Thisstartswithmarketing,saysFont,whonotesthatAmsterdamhasstartedadvisingvisitorsto

seek(24)outsideofthecitycentreonitsofficialwebsite."Thattakessomeballs,reallytodo

that.Butonlysomanypeoplewilllookatthewebsite,anditmeanstheycansaytotheir

residentsthey'redoingalltheycantoeasecongestion.11

Butitalso(25)abetterway,itiscalled"detourism"：sustainabletraveltipsan(26)itineraries

forexploringanauthenticVenice,offthepathsbeatenbythe28millionvisitorswhoflockthere

eachyear.

Agreatervarietyof(27)forprospectivevisitors-ideasforwhattodoinoff-peakseasons,for

example,oroutsideofthecitycenter-canhavetheeffectofdivertingthemfromalready

saturatedlandmarks,or£28)shortbreaksawayinthefirstplace.Longerstays(29)the

pressure,saysFont.IfyougotoParisfortwodays,you'regoingtogototheEiffelTower."If

yougofortwoweeks,you'renotgoingtogototheEiffelTower14times.”

Similarly,repeatvisitorshaveabettersenseofthe(30),nWeshouldbeaskinghowweget

touriststo(31),nothowtogetthemtocomeforthefirsttime.IftheyYecomingfbrthefifth

time,itismucheasiertointegratetheirbehaviorwithours.”

Localgovernmentscanfosterthissustainableactivitybygivingpreferencetoresponsible

operatorandevenhigh-payingconsumers.Fontsayscitiescouldstandtobemoreselective

aboutthetouriststheytrytoattractwhenthecurrentmetricformarketingsuccessishowmany

thereare,andhowfarthey'vecome.'*You'rethinking,'yeahbutatwhatcost***'."

HepointstounpublisheddatafromtheBarcelonaTouristBoardthatprioritizesJapanese

touristsforspendinganaverageof€40moreperdaythanFrenchtouristasa(n)(32)thatfails

totakeintoaccounttheirbiggercarbonfootprint.(33)touristsarealsomorelikelytoberepeat

visitorsthatcomeatoff-peaktimes,buylocalproduce,and(34)tolesscrowdedpartsofthecity

-allproductivestepstowardsmore(35)tourism,andmorepeacefulrelationswithresidents.

21.A.longerB.shorterC.widerD.clearer

第8页，共23页

22.A.environmentalB.nationalC.economicD.geographic

23.A.localsB.touristsC.visitorsD.cleaners

24.A.transportsB.accommodationC.restaurantsD.service

25.A.addressesB.pavesC.proposesD.receives

26.A.separateB.individualC.alternativeD.objective

27.A.reformB.guidanceC.invitationD.support

28.A.convincingB.discouragingC.preventingD.resisting

29.A.paceB.escapeC.withstandD.ease

30.A.cultureB.knowledgeC.entertainmentD.ability

31.A.takeoverB.bringupC.comebackD.layoff

32.A.distinctionB.harmonyC.associationD.comparison

33.A.FrenchB.ItalianC.SpanishD.German

34.A.carryoutB.giveintoC.spreadoutD.impacton

35.A.slightB.complexC.temporaryD.sustainable

四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共15.0分)

36.Nowadays5Gisverypopularamongcustomers,butChinaislookingpast5Gand

intending.(1)(build)a6Gnetwork.Chinaisstartingresearchinto6G,(2)

(make)itoneofthefirstcountriestodoso.Theactualdevelopmentof6Gwilt

(3)(official)beginin2020,butthecommercialusewillhavetowait.

The(4)(arrive)of5Ghasattractedalotofpeople.ltnotonlybringsfastmobile

Internet,butalso(5)(enable)ustoconnectwithmachines.So(6)

is6Gsupposedtobring,especiallyforordinarypeople?Foronething,(7)will

makemobileInternetworkataspeedof1TBpersecond,whichmeansyoucandownload

around100films(8)lessthanonesecond.Foranother,6Gwillconnectour

devices(9)(efficiently)than5G,whichmakesInternetcoveragemuchwider.

Ofcourse,thereisalongwaytogoyet,(10)Ibelievetomorrow'sInternetisin

ourhands.Ourlifeinthefuturewillbewonderfulandfantastic.

五、书面表达(本大题共2小题，共40.0分)

37.假定你是李华.下学期你将作为交换生(exchangestudent)去加拿大一所高中学习，

住在Lynn家里.请给Lynn写一封邮件，内容包括：

1.介绍自己：

2.告知到达时间：

3.询问应做何准备.

注意：1.词数80左右2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯.

38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Itwassummer,andmydadwantedtotreatmetoavacationlikeneverbefore.Hedecided

totakemeonatriptotheWildWest.

WetookaplanetoAlbuquerque,abigcityinthestateofNewMexico.Wereached

Albuquerqueinthelateafternoon.UnclePaul,mydad'sfriend,pickedusupfromthe

aiiportanddroveusuptohisfarminPecos.

HiswifeTinacookedusadeliciousdinnerandwegottoknowhissonsRyanand

Kyle.MydadandIspentthenightintheguestroomofthefarmhouselisteningtothefrogs

andwaterrollingdowntherivernearby.Veryearlyinthemorning,UnclePaulwokeusup

tohavebreakfast."Thedaystartsatdawnonmyfarm,"hesaid.Afterbreakfast,!wentto

helpAuntTinafeedthechickens,whilemydadwentwithUnclePaultotakethesheepout

tograze（吃草）.1wasimpressedtoseemydadandUnclePaulridinghorses.Theylooked

reallycool.

Intheafternoon,!askedUnclePaulifIcouldtakeahorseride,andhesaidyes,aslongas

mydadwentwithme.Iwasn'tgoingtotakeahorseridebymyselfanyway.So,mydadand

Iputonournewcowboyhats,gotonourhorses,andheadedslowlytowardsthemountains.

“Don'tbelateforsupper,"UnclePaulcried,Mandkeeptothetracksothatyoudon'tget

lost!""OK!"mydadcriedback.AfterawhileUnclePaulandhisfarmhousewereoutof

sight.ltwassopeacefulandquietandthecolorsofthebrownrocks,thedeepgreenpine

trees,andthelateafternoonsunmixedtocreateamagicscene.ltlookedlikeabeautiful

woven（编织的）blanketspreadoutuponthegroundjustforus.

Suddenlyalittlerabbitjumpedoutinfrontofmyhorse.

注意：

（1）所续写短文的词数应为150左右；

（2）至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；

（3）续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；

（4）续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

Paragraph1：Suddenlyalittlerabbitjumpedoutinfrontofmy

horse.___________________

第10页，共23页

Paragraph2：Wehadnoideawherewewereanditwasgetting

dark.

答案和解析

1.【答案】

【小题11C【小题2】C【小题3】D

【解析】(1)C.细节理解题。根据第一Theyinspectallcampusbuildingsandmaintain

allsprinklersystems,firealarmsandfireextinguishers.他们检查所有校园建筑，测试和维护

所有喷水灭火系统和灭火器。可知，专职消防人员主要职责是检查、测试和维护防火装

备，故选C。

(2)C.细节理解题。根据FireDrills部分TakeyourroomkeyandID,closeandlockthe

doortoyourroom.带上房间钥匙和身份证，关上并锁上房间的门；Exitimmediatelyfrom

thenearestemergencyexitdonotusealift.从最近的紧急出口立即离开，不要使用电梯。

可知，在消防演习中，学生锁好门并立即从最近的紧急出口离开，故选C。

(3)D.推理判断题。根据倒数第三段Ifyoursmokedetectorisworkingproperly,thered

lightshouldbeon.Iftheredlightisnotblinking,contactresidencehallstaffimmediately.如果

您的烟雾探测器工作正常，红色指示灯应该是亮的。如遇红灯不闪烁，应立即与宿舍工

作人员联系。可知，为了确保烟雾探测器的安全运行，应该确保红灯在工作，故选D。

这是一篇应用文。介绍了防火的相关信息，包括：警报器的种类、消防演习的注意事项、

灭火器的使用、烟雾检测器的信息。

考查广告布告类阅读理解。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正

确的选择。

4.【答案】

【小题1】C【小题2】C【小题3】D【小题4】A

【解析】(1)C.词义猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子"However,Iwasintrigued.Idecided

tofinditout.Theonlywaytotrulylearnaboutthisphenomenonwastodivein.

然而，我很好奇。我决定找出答案。要真正了解这一现象，唯一的方法就是深入研究。

“题干中的关键词"intrigued"出现在第二段首句，而且，该句中有一个However,可知这句

话起到了承上启下的作用，因此，读懂第一段至关重要，第一段大意为：作者不久前初

第12页，共23页

步了解couchsurfing,对这种免费给陌生人在家提供住宿的现象很怀疑，感到不可思议。

第二段有表达了，作者想要深入了解，并计划在芬兰开启类似的探索之旅，由此可以推

测出，作者由开始的怀疑和不可思议转而变得对此感兴趣，才会有后面的亲身探索，

A.Relaxed放松的；B.Disgusted厌恶的；C.Interested感兴趣的；D.Embarrassed不好意思

的，尴尬的。故选C。

(2)C.推理判断题。根据第三段

"Ifeveranyanxietyexistedwhensteppingintotheunknown,itdisappearedwhenmyfirsth

ostmetmeatthetrainstation.ArilookedlikemyideaofatypicalFinn：

tallandblue-eyed.Finnswerealsosupposedtobefamouslyreserved(寡言少语

的).Ariwasanythingbut.Hewasalivewire,givingmeawarmwelcomeandwalkingwith

metohisapartment,whereheshowedmethesleepersofa,servedmetea,andengagedmeinw

armconversations.HealsohandedmeakeytocomeandgoasIpleased.如果说踏入未知世

界时有什么焦虑的话，那么当我的第一位主人在火车站遇见我时，焦虑就消失了。阿里

看起来像我心目中的典型芬兰人：高个子，蓝眼睛。芬兰人也被认为是有名的保守派。

艾丽完全不是。他是一个活生生的人，热情地欢迎我，陪我走进他的公寓，给我看卧铺

沙发，给我端茶，和我热烈地交谈。他还递给我一把钥匙，让我随意出入。”A选项意

为“Ari像大多数芬兰人一样寡言少语的"，与第三、四句"However,Finnswerealsosupposed

tobefamouslyreserved.Ariwasanythingbut.然而，芬兰人也被认为是出了名的保守。阿

里根本不是。”不符；B选项意为"Ari话很少但是很友好”，与文中…engagedmeinwarm

conversations不符；D选项意为”Ari在火车站给作者送行”，但这段第一句只提及了在火

车站接作者，D项不对；C选项意为“Ari像朋友般对待作者”，可由第三段最后两句“He

wasalivewire,givingmeaneffusivewelcomeandhikingwithmetohisapartment,wherehe

showedmethesleepersofa,servedmetea,andengagedmeinwarmconversations.Healso

handedmeakeytocomeandgoasIpleased.他是个活生生的人，热情地欢迎我，并和我

一起远足到他的公寓,在那里他给我看卧铺沙发,给我端茶,还和我进行了热烈的交谈。

他还递给我一把钥匙，让我随意出入。”可推测出，他对作者非常热情并非常信任他，

故选C。

(3)D.细节理解题。根据第四段第三句的问话”Whaturgedthesepeopletoopentheir

homestostrangers?是什么促使这些人向陌生人敞开家门？”意思一致，通过后面的”1

concludedthattherewasadesiretolendahandtolike-mindedfolkswhomightenrichtheir

ownlives.我得出的结论是，人们希望帮助志同道合的人，他们可以丰富自己的生活。”

故选D。

（4）A.标题判断题。本文主要讲述作者从初步了解"couchsurfing沙发冲浪”这种旅游

模式，即在旅游时，由一个陌生的当地人提供免费吃住并担当导游，基于相互信任共同

趣味建立起来的一种旅游模式。本文描述了作者从开始的难以置信、不可思议到引发兴

趣再到亲身体验与得出感悟的全过程。全文围绕两个关键词即couch（指在陌生当地家

庭基于信任共同生活一两天）和travel展开，B选项纯粹指免费旅游，未提及couch及

相关引申义，C项与travel无关，D选项重心在plan,故选A。

本文主要讲述作者从初步了解“couchsurfing沙发冲浪”这种旅游模式，即在旅游时，由

一个陌生的当地人提供免费吃住并担当导游，基于相互信任共同趣味建立起来的一种旅

游模式。本文描述了作者从开始的难以置信、不可思议到引发兴趣再到亲身体验与得出

感悟的全过程。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑

关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章

未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作

者观点。

8.【答案】

【小题1】B【小题2】A【小题3】C【小题4】B

【解析】1）B.词义猜测题。根据划线词后一句"Instead,itjustbreaksintosmallerandsmaller

pieces."（相反，它只是分裂成越来越小的碎片。）可知，塑料是不能分解的。故划线词

有"分解"之意。结合选项:A.tumup出现；B.breakdown分解；发生故障；C.giveoff发

出（光等）；长出（枝、杈等）：D.bringout出版，生产。故选B。

（2）A.细节理解题。根据第二段的后两句"Scientistsbelievethattheplasticpreviouslyfound

onbeachesandonthesurfaceofthewaterisonlyabout1%ofalltheplasticinthe

oceans.ResearchersfromtheUnitedKingdom（UK）wantaltofindoutwheretheother

99%was.”（科学家认为，之前在海滩和水面上发现的塑料只占海洋塑料总量的1%。来

自英国的研究人员想要找出剩下的99%在哪里。）可知，以前发现的塑料数据只占塑料

总量很小的一部分。故选Ao

（3）C.观点态度题。通读全文，微塑料通常是小得看不见的塑料碎片。塑料不像天然

材料那样会分解。相反，它只是分裂成越来越小的碎片。没有人知道海洋中究竟有多少

塑料。由于海洋如此之大，如此之深，很难很好地了解它含有多少塑料。但近年来，科

第14页，共23页

学家们作出了更大的努力来获得一个更准确的想法。我们可以看出作者在写作本文的时

候只是客观地陈述相关的事实并没有加上自己的任何主观上的评论，因此他的写作态度

是客观公正的。结合选项A.Pessimistic悲观的；B.Confident自信的；C.Objective客观的；

D.Conserved保守的。故选C。

(4)B.推理判断题。根据文章的最后一句"Havingagoodideaofhowmuchplasticis

alreadythenmightbeagoodfirststeptofightingtheproblem."(那么，知道塑料已经有

多少可能是解决这个问题的良好的第一步。)可以推知，作者希望逐步采取措施解决塑

料污染的问题，弄清楚塑料的数量是第一步。故选B。

本文是一篇说明文。微塑料通常是小得看不见的塑料碎片。塑料不像天然材料那样会分

解。相反，它只是分裂成越来越小的碎片。没有人知道海洋中究竟有多少塑料。由于海

洋如此之大，如此之深，很难很好地了解它含有多少塑料。但近年来，科学家们作出了

更大的努力来获得一个更准确的想法。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑

关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章

未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作

者观点。

12.【答案】

【小题1】B【小题2】C【小题3】A【小题4】C

【解析】(1)B.主旨大