Unit-II-School-and-Education-2汇总课件讲义整理

UnitIISchoolandEducationUnitIISchoolandEducation1PartOne:theQuotationsTheteacherisonewhomakestwoideasgrowwhereonlyonegrewbefore–ElbertHubbardTheteacherinspiresthestudentstobecreative.Ontheirown,studentswillproducenewideas,butwithateacher,theywillbetwiceascreative,ifnotmoreso.PartOne:theQuotationsThete2kindle[kin·dle||'kɪndl]v.点燃;激起;燃起;煽动;着火,燃起;发亮,明亮起来;激动起来;生育axiom[ax·i·om||'æksɪəm]n.格言,公理,自明之理inconclusive[in·con·clu·sive|adj.非决定性的,不得要领的,不确定的succinctlyadv.简洁地;简便地Learnhowtowriteclearlyandsuccinctly.书面表达时,要学会言简意赅。

kindle[kin·dle||'kɪndl]3miscellaneous[mis·cel·la·ne·ous|adj.各种的,多方面的amiscellaneouscollectionofgoods一堆杂物dunce[dʌns]n.劣学生,傻瓜Iwasadunceatchemistry.我在化学方面是个劣等生。latent[la·tent|adj.潜伏性的,隐藏的sift[sɪft]

v.筛;撒,撒落;过滤;详查,细究;筛;撒下,飘落;被筛;详查,细究sealup;closeup密封miscellaneous[mis·cel·la·ne·4ardorn.激情;热情;狂热;热忱Heshowsgreatardorforfame[victory].他对名誉[胜利]表示出热切的渴望。persistence[per'sist·ence|n.坚持;持续Althoughhe'slesstalented,hewonbysheerdoggedpersistence.他虽然天赋不高,但全凭坚韧的毅力赢得了胜利.ardorn.激情;热情;狂热;热忱5PartOne:theQuotationsTheentireobjectoftrueeducationistomakepeoplenotmerely(only)dotherightthings,butenjoytherightthings.—JohnRuskinLivingwithoutanaimislikesailingwithoutacompass.—JohnRuskinThegoaloftrueeducationisnotjustaboutbehavingwell,butaboutappreciatingrightvalues.Theformerisexternalwhereasthelatterisinternal.PartOne:theQuotationsTheen6PartOne:theQuotationsPartofteachingishelpingstudentslearnhowtotolerate(putupwith)ambiguity(vagueness,uncertainty),considerpossibilities,andaskquestionsthatareunanswerable–BillMoyersGoodteachingshouldhelpstudentshandleuncertainties,explorealternativesandprobeintoseeminglyintractable(难处理的）situationswithboldness.PartOne:theQuotationsParto7ReadingOne:WhatTrueEducationShouldDoCheckyourcomprehensionAccordingtotheauthor,trueeducationshouldtryitsbestto“drawout”whatastudenthaswithinhimratherthan“pourknowledge”intohim.Whenstudentsaretreatedasoysters,ateacherwouldhelpthemtoopenuprevealthepearl(riches)within.WhenReadingOne:WhatTrueEducati8ReadingOne:Checkyourcomprehension

studentsaretreatedlikesausages,ateacherwouldstuffthemandthensealthemup.Yes,theycan.TheauthorgivesaconcreteexampleofhowSocratespicksupanignorantslaveboy,whohasnoschooleducationatall,andprovesthattheboyreally“knows”geometry.ReadingOne:Checkyourcompre9ReadingOne:CheckyourcomprehensionTheauthorholdsthisviewbecausethediscussionsareaboutwhatshould“gointo”thestudentsratherthanwhatshouldbe“drawnout.”Accordingtotheauthor,trueeducationshouldtrytocultivatewhatishiddeninside.HehastospendallhistimedoingwhattheteacheraskshimtodoandhasnotimetousehisownresourcesandmindReadingOne:Checkyourcompre10ReadingOne:CheckyourcomprehensionandCheckyourvocabulary

foranalyzing,synthesizing,andevaluatingwhatheisdoing.Checkyourvocabularya2.b3.d4.c5.a6.dReadingOne:Checkyourcompre11ReadingTwo:AngelsonaPinTeachingpracticesintheUS

TheeducationsystemintheUSisquitedifferentfromthatofmanyothercountries.Mostprofessorsseetheirroleashelpingstudentstoacquirelearningskillsratherthaninstructingstudents(throughlectures).TheybelievethateveryindividualhastheabilitytodiscoverknowledgeforhimselfReadingTwo:AngelsonaPinTe12TeachingpracticesintheUS

orherselfandthatthismodeoflearningissuperiortorote[死记硬背的、机械的]memorizationoffacts.Theymayalsorespecttheknowledgeandexperiencesstudentsbringtotheclassandbelievethatitwillbebettertobuildnewknowledgeontopoftheoldexperiences.Studentsareexpectedtospeakupandnotjusthavementaldiscussionintheirownhead.TeachingpracticesintheUS13GradingsystemintheUS

Dependingupontheperformances,astu-dentisgradedasA,B,C,DandFforeachsubject,withanAbeingthetopgradeandanFafail.Seethefollowingtablefordetail.GradePercentageA90to100B80to90C70to80GradingsystemintheUSDepen14GradingsystemintheUS

D60to70FBelow60GradingsystemintheUS15ReadingTwo

AngelsonaPinCheckYourComprehensionA1.T2.T3.T4.F5.F6.FCheckYourComprehensionBTakethebarometertothetopofthebuilding,attachalongropetoit,lowerthebarometertothestreet,andthenbringitupandmeasurethelengthoftherope.ThelengthoftheropeistheheightofthebuildingReadingTwo

AngelsonaPinCh16ReadingTwo:CheckYourComprehensionBTakethebarometertothetopofthebuildingandleanovertheedgeoftheroof.Dropthebarometerandtimeitsfallwithastopwatch.Then,usetheformulaS=at2tocalculatetheheightofthebuilding.

ReadingTwo:CheckYourCompre17ReadingTwo:CheckYourComprehensionBTakethebarometeroutonasunnydayandmeasuretheheightofthebarometer,thelengthofitsshadow,andthelengthoftheshadowofthebuilding.Youwillgettheheightofthebuildingwiththeuseofasimpleproportion.ReadingTwo:CheckYourCompre18ReadingTwo:CheckYourComprehensionBTakethebarometerandwalkupthestairs.Asyouclimbthestairs,markoffthelengthofthebarometeralongandthewall.Thencountthenumberofmarks,andthiswillgivetheheightofthebuildinginbarometerunits.Tiethebarometertotheendofastringandswingitasapenulum(n.摆锤;钟摆[C])anddeterminethevalueof“g”atthestreetlevelReadingTwo:CheckYourCompre19ReadingTwo:CheckYourComprehensionB

andatthetopofthebuilding.Theheightofthebuildingcan,inprinciple,becalculatedfromthedifferencebetweenthetwovaluesof“g”.Takethebarometertothebasementandknockonthesuperintendent’s[n.主管、负责人]door.Tellhimyouwillgivehimthebarometerasanexchangeifhetellsyoutheheightofthebuilding.ReadingTwo:CheckYourCompre20ReadingTwo:CheckYourVocabularyAjudgeshouldbeimpartial.Thependulumofpublicopinionhasswungback.Hewasmeticulous,butneverpedantic.Theyfailedtofulfilltheirpromisestorevivetheeconomy.Shedashedoffaquickletterexcusinghimfromschoolthatday.ReadingTwo:CheckYourVocabu21ReadingTwo:CheckYourVocabularyTheproportionofmentowomeninthepopulationhaschangedinrecentyears.Iamgettingfedupwithyourstupidcomments.ReadingTwo:CheckYourVocabu22ReadingThree:

InPraiseoftheFWordRemedial(补课）courses

Remedialcoursesaredefinedascourseinreading,writing,ormathematicsforcol-legestudentslackingthoseskillsneces-sarytoperformcollege-levelworkatthelevelrequiredbytheinstitution.Aboutthree-quartersofhighereducationinstitu-tionsthatenrollfreshmenofferatleastoneremedialreading,writingormathematicalReadingThree:

InPraiseoft23ReadingThree:Remedial(补课）Courses

courses.Institutionvaryintheirpoliciestowardstudentstakingregularacademiccourseswhiletheyaretakingremedialcourses.Someinstitutionsdonotplaceanyrestrictionsontheregularacademiccoursesstudentscantakewhiletheyareenrolledonremedialcourses,whileothersdo.OtherinstitutionsallowstudentsenrolledonremedialcoursestotakesomeReadingThree:Remedial(补课）Co24ReadingThree:Remedial(补课）Courses

regularEnglishcourses.(e.g.astudenttakingremedialmathematicscouldtakeregularEnglishcourses,butmaynottakeregularmathematicscoursesuntilremed-iationinmathematicsiscomplete).ReadingThree:Remedial(补课）Co25ReadingThree:InPraiseoftheFWord

CheckyourcomprehensionA1.a2.b3.c4.c.5.d6.a

CheckyourcomprehensionBT2.T3.F4.T5.F

CheckyourvocabularyAThecountryatlastproduceditstrumpcardandsenttothefieldofbattlethemostdeadlyweapon.ReadingThree:InPraiseofth26ReadingThree:CheckyourvocabularyAThereisagreatdealofmoneyatstakeiftheprojectfails.Wemustdosomethingaboutitimmediately.Wemustfollowtheplanthroughtotheend.Youshouldhangontotheletter.Youmightneeditlater.Ipickedupabookthathappenedtobeathand.ReadingThree:Checkyourvoca27ReadingThree:CheckyourvocabularyAHehadmanagedtogetbywithoutmuchreadingandwriting.Everybodysettlesdownsowecanhearthestory.Spendingsomuchtimeplayingsportissettinghimbackatschool.ReadingThree:Checkyourvoca28ReadingThree:CheckyourvocabularyB

1.maturity2.impediment3.flustered4.composure5.steely6.conspiracy7.flunked8.testimony9.diploma10.resentfulReadingThree:Checkyourvoca29ReadingFour:U.S.KidsNeedMoreSchoolTime

AcademicyearintheU.S.

TheschoolcalendarusuallybeginsinAugustorSeptemberandcontinuesthroughMayorJunetonextAugustorSeptember.Theacademicyearatmanyschoolsiscomposedoftwotermsorsemesters.Otherschoolsuseathree-termcalendarknownasthe“trimester”systemwithashortspringholidaybesidessummerholidayandwinterholiday.Stillothersdividetheyearintothe

ReadingFour:U.S.KidsNeedM30ReadingFour:U.S.KidsNeedMoreSchoolTime“quarter”systemoffourterms,includingasummersession,whichisoptional.ReadingFour:U.S.KidsNeedM31ReadingFour:Exercises

CheckyourcomprehensionA1.T.2.T.3.F4.T5.FCheckyourcomprehensionB1.a2.b3.d4.d5.a6.dCheckyourvocabularyALikeotherkidswhoaresometimesleftwithnosupervisionbecauseoftheirparents’temporaryplan—aweekatrelative’splace,oronedaybythem-selvesattheplayground,theywanderReadingFour:ExercisesCheck32ReadingFour:CheckyourvocabularyA

aroundaimlessly,doingnothing.Canweaskschoolstoarrangefortheircalendarstosuitourworkandfamilylives?Ifwestateclearlythatalongerschoolcalendarwillbeeducationallyworthwhile,probablyitwillbeeasierforittobecomeareality.InfactoureducationalsituationReadingFour:Checkyourvocab33ReadingFour:Check

yourvocabularyA

reallyneedssuchachange.Thefactthatkidsareawayfromschoolanddon’tstudyallsummerhasaseriouseffectontheirstudies.Inthepast,theschoolcalendarwasregulatedtosuitfamilyneeds.ReadingFour:Check

yourvoca34ReadingFour:Check

yourvocabularyB

Thelongwalkingwasbeginningtotakeitstollonallofus.Heseemstothinkthere’ssomethingsacrosanctabouthisannualfishingtrip.Hehasn’tmissedasingleoneforalltheseyears.No,no!Therhythmwasnots