宾语从句课件省名师优质课赛课获奖课件市赛课百校联赛优质课一等奖课件

宾语从句

theobjectclause

1/66宾语从句命题趋势（中考）引导宾语从句连词和代词选择宾语从句语序宾语从句时态2/66

重点和难点：

1.由不一样连接词引导宾语从句2.宾语从句中陈说语序3.宾语从句中时态呼应4.宾语从句否定转移3/66问题一:什么是宾语?宾语表示及物动词动作对象和介词所联络对象,常由名词或相当与名词词担任,置于及物动词或介词后。Iloveyou.Iamfondofreadingbooksinthesun.Heboughtmeapen.HowishegettingalongwithhisEnglishteacher?Wekeepitasecret.Iwillarrangemyholidayasfollows.4/66问题二:什么是宾语从句?在复合句中作宾语从句就叫作宾语从句，放在及物动词,介词后面。5/66作及物动词宾语Ithink(that)yourclothesfitwell.Hecouldn’ttellmewherehishomewas.6/66作介词宾语Healwayspaysattentiontowhatevertheteachersays.Hetalkedofhowhehelpedtheoldman.7/66宾语从句三要素：连接词陈说句语序时态呼应8/66

引导词关系代词：what,which,who,whose,whom关系副词：when时间,where地点,why原因,how方式If/whether隶属连词that隶属连词9/66

宾语从句连接词当宾语从句是陈说句时，用that引导Shewasagoodgirl,theteachertoldus.=Theteachertoldusthatshewasagoodgirl.当宾语从句是普通疑问句时，组成宾语从句用whether/if(是否）连接，句尾标点符号取决于主句。（在引导否定概念宾语从句时只能用if)Eg.HeaskedmeifIhadn’tfinishedmywork.10/66AreyoufromJapan?heaskedme.Heaskedmeif/whetherI`mfromJapan.当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，连接词就用原来疑问词，但从句一定要注意用陈说语序。WhendidheleaveforJapan?couldyoutellme?=couldyoutellmewhenheleftforJapan?11/66

语序宾语从句不论主句是陈说句还是疑问句，从句一律要用陈说语序，即主语，谓语次序DoyouknowwhatKate`se-mailaddressis?Heaskedmewhosebookthisis.Thedoctoraskedmewhatwaswrong.12/66

时态呼应主句与从句时态一致若主句是现在某种状态（普通现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时，）那么宾语从句时态可依据实际情况而定。Irememberhegavemeabookyesterday.HehastoldmethathewillleaveforNewYorktomorrow.13/66若主句是过去某种时态（普通过去时，过去进行时，）那么从句一定要用过去某种时态（普通过去时，过去进行时，过去未来时，过去完成时）Hetoldmethathewouldtakepartinthehighjump.HeaskedmeifIhadtakenhissoap.14/66注意若宾语从句表示是客观事实或真理时，即使主句是过去式，从句也用普通现在是。Hetoldmethattheearthgoesroundthesun.(真理）HesaidthatYaoMingismuchtallerthanhim.（事实）15/66

否定转移在主从复合句中，当主句主语是第一人称时，谓语动词是think,believe,suppose等时，要将从句否定词转移到主句中，比如Idon`tthinkhewillcomewithyou.Idon`tbelieveyouareright.16/66若谓语动词为hope，宾语从句中否定词不能转移

Ihopeitdoesn’train.我希望不要下雨。Ihopeyoudon’tmindmysayingit.我希望你别介意我说这些话。17/66Idon’trememberhavingeverseensuchaman.我记得从未见过这么一个人。(not否定动名词短语having…)18/66It’snotaplacewhereanyonewouldexpecttoseestrangecharactersonthestreet.在这里，人们不会想到在街上会碰上陌生人。(anyone作主语，从句中谓语动词不能用否定形式。)19/66按英语习惯，anyone只能出现在否定词之后，不能出现在否定词之前。20/66Don’ttell

anyone,willyou?你可不要告诉任何人哟。Idon’tknowanyone

atthisparty.这晚会上我一个人也不认识。Idon’twanttowasteanyone’stime.我不想浪费任何人时间。21/66比较下面正误句：谁也不知道未来会发生什么事。Anyone

doesn’tknowwhatwillhappeninthefuture.Nooneknowswhatwillhappeninthefuture.22/66有时状语或状语从句中否定能够转移到谓语动词前。如：Theantisnotgatheringthisforitselfalone.蚂蚁不只是为自己采食。(否定状语)23/66HewasnotreadytobelievesomethingjustbecauseAristotlesaidso.他并不因亚里斯多德说过怎样怎样，就轻信此事。(否定because状语)[‘æristɔtl]24/66Shehadnotbeenmarriedmanyweekswhenthatman’syoungerbrothersawherandwasstruckbyherbeauty.她结婚还不到几个月，这个人弟弟就看见她了，并对她美貌着了迷。(否定状语manyweeks)25/66宾语从句简化

六种方法26/66

方法一：当主句谓语动词是hope，decide，wish，choose，agree，promise等，且宾语从句主语与主句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为不定式结构。

27/66LiMinghopeshewillbebackverysoon.→LiMinghopestobebackverysoon.

Wedecidedthatwewouldhelphim.→Wedecidedtohelphim.

28/66方法二：当主句谓语动词是know，learn，remember，forget，tell等动词，且主句主语与从句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。

29/66Shehasforgottenhowshecanopenthewindow.→Shehasforgottenhowtoopenthewindow.

30/66注：当主句谓语动词是tell，ask，show，teach等动词，且后带双宾语，从句主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。

31/66CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation？

→Couldyoutellmehowtogettothestation？

32/66方法三：当主句谓语动词是order（命令），require（需要）等时，假如主句和从句主语不一致，宾语从句可简化为“名词（代词）+不定式”结构。

33/66Theheadmasterorderedthatweshouldstartatonce.→Theheadmasterorderedustostartatonce.

34/66

方法四：一些动词后宾语从句，能够用介词加动名词（短语）等其它形式简化。

35/66Heinsistedthatheshouldgowithus.→Heinsistedongoingwithus.

Thepoorboydoesn’tknowwhenandwherehewasborn.→Thepoorboydoesn’tknowtheTimeandtheplaceofhisbirth.

36/66方法五：一些动词后面宾语从句可转化为“宾语+V-ing形式（作宾语补足语）”结构。

37/66LiuPingfoundthattherewasawalletlyingontheground.→LiuPingfoundawalletlyingontheground.

38/66方法六：动词seem后宾语从句，也能够用不定式（短语）来简化，但句型需要进行适当改变。

39/66Itseemedthattheboysweregoingtowin.→Theboysseemedtowin.

40/66除上述方法外，还有一些特殊句式转化。

41/66IfoundthatitwasdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.→IfounditdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.

42/66Soonwefoundthatthegroundwascoveredwiththicksnow.→Soonwefoundthegroundcoveredwiththicksnow.43/66Theyfoundthattheboxwasveryheavy.→Theyfoundtheboxveryheavy.

44/66Idon’trememberthatIhaveEverseensuchaman.

Idon’trememberhavingeverseensuchaman.我记得从未见过这么一个人45/66宾语从句连接词：

类别关联词特点１.隶属连词that,whether/if只起连接作用，不充当从句成份。２.连接代词who,whom,what，which,whose起连接作用外，还在从句中充当主语或宾语或定语３.连接副词when,where,how，why起连接作用外，还在从句中充当状语。46/66引导词引导词作用例句That本身无意义，起连接作用，可省略Hesaid(that)katewasgoodatswimming.What,which,who,whose,whom在从句中做一定成份，如主语，宾语，定语等Idon`tknowwhattheyaregoingtodo.When,where,why,how在从句中作状语Couldyoutellmewhereyouarefrom?If/whether是否，不做句子成份，但不能省略HeaskedmeifMissWeiisateacher.47/66由隶属连词that引导宾语从句:that无实际意义，不作句子成份，能够省略。1.他对我们说他不舒适。2.我知道他已经回来了。Hetoldusthathefeltill.Iknowhehasreturned.有时宾语从句能够用引词it作形式宾语。HemadeitclearthathepreferredtostudyEnglish.Ifindithardthatwecanfinishtheworkontime.

他明确地说他宁愿学英语。我发觉我们能按时完成这项工作极难。48/66由隶属连词whether,if引导宾语从句1.Iwonder______________________________________.（他是否跟我们一起去公园）2.Idon’tknow___________________________.（是否要下雨）3.Iwonder_____itdoesn’train.(whether/if)

if(whether)hewillgototheparkwithus

whetheritisgoingtorainornot注意：1.whether…ornot是固定结构；2.宾语从句是否定句，只能用if。if49/661.Couldyoutellme

wegettothe place?A．how B．whetherC．whereD．what2.Theteachersays

shewillleavea messageontheheadmaster’sdesk.A．if B．who C．that D．what3.Iamnotsure____hewillcometomorrow.A.thatB.ifC.whatD.who4.---Doyouremember___hecame?---Yes,Ido.Hecamebycar.A.howB.whenC.thatD.ifAC解题指导一：判断语义，选择连接词Exercises:BA50/665.Doyouknowhowmuchhotwater

?A．Mumisneeded B．doesMumneedC．Mumneeds D．didMumneed6.Canyoutellme

?A．whereheis B．whereisheC．heiswhere D．whatishe7.Iwanttoknowhowlong .A．hashebeenback B．hashecomebackC．hehasbeenback D．hehascomebackCAC解题指导二：语序正常：连接词后紧跟主语+谓语，即宾语从句中要用陈说句语序。51/668.Ithoughthe____toseehismotherifhe_____time. A．willgo…has B．willgo…willhaveC．wouldgo…wouldhave D．wouldgo…had9.Doyouknow＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿?A.whatthenewsare B.whatisthenewsC.whatthenewsis D.whatarethenewsＤＣ52/66解题指导三:时态呼应若主句时态是现在时态，宾语从句时态可依据实际情况而定；若主句是过去时态，宾语从句时态要用过去某个时态，客观真理除外。8.Ididn’tknowhow

toLondon?A．wouldtheygo B．aretheygoingC．theywouldgo D．theyaregoingC53/66注意一:Iwish…后宾语从句:翻译:1.我多希望我是一只小鸟。2.我希望我昨天能去看那场电影。3.我希望明年我就能大学毕业。(graduate)1.Iwish(that)Iwerealittlebird.2.Iwish(that)Icouldhavegonetoseethemovieyesterday.3.Iwish(that)Icouldgraduatefromcollegenextyear.54/66Iwish...1.表示与现在事实相反愿望,宾语从句中谓语动词形式为were/did2.表示与过去事实相反愿望,宾语从句中谓语动词形式为haddone或could/wouldhavedone3.表示与未来事实相反愿望,宾语从句中谓语动词形式为should/would/mightdo55/66注意二:在动词insist(坚持),order,command(命令)advise,propose,suggest(提议),demand(要求),request,require(请求)等后面宾语从句中谓语动词要用(should)do1.他坚持我们应该在9:00之前完成作业。2.经理要求每人天天要按时上班。3.老师提议我们天天早上听英语。56/66Answers:1.Heinsistedthatwe(should)finishthehomeworkbefore9:00.2.Themanagerdemandsthateveryone(should)gotoworkontimeeveryday.3.Theteachersuggeststhatwe(should)listentoEnglisheverymorning.57/66当主句谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,expect等时，从句否定要转移到主句中。Idon'tthinksheisright.我认为她不对。我相信他不会经过考试。注意三：否定转移Idon’tbelievehewillpasstheexam.58/66ExerciseTheradiosaysit______cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything____well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey__________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.Ihearthey__________(return)italready.Hesaidthatthey_________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)Heaskedwhatthey__________ateightlastnight.(do)Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_______fasterthansound.(travel)Ithinkyou__________abouttherelayracenow.(talk)Ididn’tknowwhomtheletters_________from.(be)WillbegoeswereplayinghavereturnedhadbeenweredoingtravelsAretalkingwere59/6610.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe_______theletter.(write)